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Preschool — Holy Cross Lutheran Church
Holy Cross preschool is dedicated to a christ centered, high quality education
Lower staff: child ratios. Our teachers have more time to support your child’s individual development and learning. This is important because 90% of brain development occurs by the time your child is 6 years old.
The administrator and teachers have higher education qualifications. We at Holy Cross Preschool hold to a higher than state required standards regarding staff education. These qualifications benefit your child’s development and learning.
The administrator and all staff complete hours of specialized training every two years. The administrator and teaching staff are committed to expanding their education and skills to better support your child’s development and learning.
Teachers develop lesson plans that support each child’s growth. Our teachers plan intentional and purposeful activities and experiences that meet the needs, interests and abilities of children and supports them where they are in their development.
The program completes assessments to evaluate and improve the learning experience. Regular assessments are done with your child to help keep track of their growth over time. This lets teachers adjust how they offer experiences to your child daily.
The program values its families and community. Our program works with families and neighborhood organizations to provide more opportunities for children.
class room schedule
Every preschool class schedule includes the following elements every day:
Circle Time: Includes a variety of activities including, but not exclusive to the following: calendar, weather, stories, songs and finger plays, a time to talk about the educational objectives of the day.
Center/Project Time: Teacher planned activities are carried out during this time. Our teachers plan their activities carefully with educational objectives and Early Learning Content Standards in mind. While the children’s interests are taken into consideration when planning units, we believe there are some things children this age need to learn in order to do well in school. Ours is not a program devoted to random play where learning may or may not take place. We set up play activities with intentional, planned learning outcomes, many of which are open-ended with children discovering concepts that exceed the scope of what was planned.
Active Play Time: Every schedule includes 15 minutes of active play time, either in the indoor play space or outside on the playground.
Snack Time
Show and Tell
Bible Time and Chapel: The children attend a Chapel Service on Tuesdays and Fridays.The teachers lead the children in a Bible Time on Mondays, Wednesday, and Thursdays during which they teach simple Bible stories and sing songs based on lessons from the Old and New Testaments. At the preschool level, religious instruction is non-denominational as children this age are not ready to comprehend the deeper points of theology.
Time for Socialization: This is crucial to the healthy development of children. This takes place during all of the activities listed above. Our classrooms are seldom quiet.
Enrollment Procedure
A child is considered to be enrolled at Holy Cross only after the Registration form has been received, the Registration fee has been paid and the administrator confirms the availability of space.
There is an annual registration fee of $50.00. The registration fee for siblings is $30.00. Checks are to be made payable to “Holy Cross Preschool”. Registration fees are not refundable. In addition to our registration form, the following forms are required by the state of Ohio:
1. Medical Statement: A medical statement signed by a physician or certified nurse practitioner is required to be submitted within 30 days of the child’s first day. Children are not permitted to attend once the 30 days have passed if we do not have this form in our possession.
2. Child Enrollment and Health Information Form: This must be filled out entirely and must be in our office the first day your child attends. If any allergies or medical problems are identified on the form, a separate Medical/Physical Care Plan may be required. We reserve the right not to admit children to our center if permission to transport has been denied. This form is good for one calendar year only.
3. Media Release, Email Listing, and Second Roster (optional) Form: The Media Release permits us to take and display photographs of your child. On the back is a Parent Participation Form for parents who want to get involved in our program.
Registration Forms
Because of constant tweaks and changes to our forms by the state we are no longer giving out links to forms. Please visit us in person to collect the forms needed for your child.
Want to learn more about preschool?
Fill out the form below!
Canton, OH (Childcare & Programs)
There are 91 Daycares in Canton, Ohio, serving a population of 71,763 people in an area of 26 square miles. There is 1 Daycare per 788 people, and 1 Daycare per square mile.
In Ohio, Canton is ranked 334th of 1454 cities in Daycares per capita, and 147th of 1454 cities in Daycares per square mile.
List of Canton Daycares
Find Canton, Ohio daycares and preschools.
A Better Choice Preschool
2130 31st Street Northwest
Canton,
OH
A Child’s Heart Preschool Childcare
155 Faircrest Street Southwest
Canton,
OH
A Child’s Place Nursery School
4770 Higbee Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
A Mother’s Love
1330 Market Avenue North
Canton,
OH
A Place To Learn & Grow
407 6th Street Northwest
Canton,
OH
A Place To Learn And Grow Incorporated
407 6th Street Northwest
Canton,
OH
Active Little Explorers
3110 Whipple Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
All Around Children
2701 Maret Place Northeast
Canton,
OH
All God’s Children
3031 Cleveland Avenue Southwest
Canton,
OH
All Star Kids Early Learning Center
2311 Columbus Road Northeast
Canton,
OH
Allen Elementary School
1326 Sherrick Road Southeast
Canton,
OH
Alphabet Nursery School
1711 Fulton Road Northwest
Canton,
OH
Alphabet Nursery School 2
1703 Fulton Road Northwest
Canton,
OH
An Open Door Childcare Center
171 Aultman Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
Aultman Women’s Board Child Care Center
125 Dartmouth Avenue Southwest
Canton,
OH
Barbara F Schreiber Elementary School
1503 Woodland Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
Belle Stone Elementary School
2100 Rowland Avenue Northeast
Canton,
OH
Canton Country Day School
3000 Demington Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
Canton Jewish Community Center
2631 Harvard Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
Canton Montessori
125 15th Street Northwest
Canton,
OH
Canton Preschool Childcare, Canton Ywca
1318 Gonder Avenue Southeast
Canton,
OH
Children Of Grace Day Care & Learning Center
6283 Market Avenue North
Canton,
OH
Church Of The Lakes Child Care Center
5944 Fulton Drive Northwest
Canton,
OH
Dueber Elementary School
815 Dueber Avenue Southwest
Canton,
OH
Early Stages Learning Academy
2605 Broad Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
Fair Play
4150 Belden Village Street Northwest
Canton,
OH
Friend-Ship Child Care Center
425 45th Street Southwest
Canton,
OH
Glenmoor Kids’ Club
4191 Glenmoor Road Northwest
Canton,
OH
Growing Years Nursery School Inc
1819 Market Avenue North
Canton,
OH
Harter Elementary School
317 Raff Road Northwest
Canton,
OH
Heritage Christian
2107 6th Street Southwest
Canton,
OH
Holy Cross Preschool Kindergarten & Child Care
7707 Market Avenue North
Canton,
OH
JR Coleman Child Care & Family Center
2213 14th Street Northeast
Canton,
OH
Jackson Children’s Academy
5640 Portage Street Northwest
Canton,
OH
Jrc Learning Center
2213 14th Street Northeast
Canton,
OH
Kindercare Learning Center #1092
4540 Dressler Road Northwest
Canton,
OH
Little Learners Child Development Center
3550 13th Street Northwest
Canton,
OH
Little Learners Child Development Center,
1433 Whipple Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
Little Learners Higbee
4770 Higbee Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
Little Tots Child Care
1407 Market Avenue North
Canton,
OH
Mason Elementary
316 30th Street Northwest
Canton,
OH
Mcgregor Elementary School
2339 17th Street Southwest
Canton,
OH
Mckinley Early Childhood Center
800 Market Avenue North
Canton,
OH
Mckinley Early Childhood Center
1350 Cherry Avenue Northeast
Canton,
OH
Ohcrs Small Steps Big Dreams
1433 Whipple Avenue Northwest
Canton,
OH
Paul & Carol David Ymca – Lake Cable Site
5335 Villa Padova Drive Northwest
Canton,
OH
Perry Christian Preschool & Child Care
139 Perry Drive Northwest
Canton,
OH
Peter Rabbit Preschool-Grainton
1107 Wallace Avenue Northeast
Canton,
OH
Portage Collab Montessori Middle School
1000 55th Street Northeast
Canton,
OH
Richville Child Care & Learning Center
6195 Navarre Road Southwest
Canton,
OH
Daycares near Canton
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Childcare Providers and Daycare Centers in canton ohio (oh)
You know you want the best canton childcare provider. You may even look throughout Stark county. ChildCareAvenue provides you with a list of 56 daycare centers in canton, ohio. We leave the research up to you to find which center is best for your family.
1 2
JR Coleman Child Care & Learning Center 2213 14th Street NE Canton, OH 44705 (330) 452-8376
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Kids Under Construction Learning Center 2031 38th St. NW Canton, OH 44709 (330) 754-6400
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The Goddard School 7042 Fulton Road NW Canton, OH 44718 (330) 966-3793
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Doddies Day Care 1435 Market Ave N Canton, OH 44714 (330) 413-2222
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A Child’s Heart Preschool & Child Care 155 Faircrest St SW Canton, OH 44706
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(2 reviews)
Kelly’s Kids In-Home Child Care Center 3027 Glen Place NW Canton, OH 44708 (330) 453-8486
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Donnas Just Like Home Childcare 2903 5th Street Northwest Canton, OH 44708 (330) 639-1198
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A Place To Learn and Grow 407 6th St NW Canton, OH 44702 (330) 453-0034
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(1 review)
All About Children’s Learning & Play Center Cleveland Ave Inc. 3155 Whitewood St NW Canton, OH 44720 (330) 966-9700
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(1 review)
A Better Choice Preschool 2130 31sr NW Canton, OH 44709
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A Child’s Heart Preschool and Child Care 155 Faircrest St SW Canton, OH 44706 (330) 484-0755
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A Childs Kingdom Mercy Childcare Center 1320 Mercy Dr NW Canton, OH 44708 (330) 458-4260
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A Childs Place 4770 Higbee Ave NW Canton, OH 44718 (330) 493-1333
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A Wonder World Learning Center 7951 Pittsburg Ave NW Canton, OH 44720
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Active Little Explorers LLC 3110 Whipple Ave NW Canton, OH 44718 (330) 478-3385
There are 64 daycares in Canton, Ohio. If you need more child care centers you can also use find daycare centers near me.
Canton KinderCare
4540 Dressler Rd NW, Canton, OH 44718
Preschool
North Canton KinderCare
6625 Market Ave N, Canton, OH 44721
Preschool
A Better Choice Preschool
2130 31st Street Nw, Canton, OH 44709
Preschool
A Child’s Heart Preschool Childcare
155 Faircrest St. Sw, Canton, OH 44706
Preschool
A Child’s Kingdom at Mercy Medical Center
1320 Mercy Drive Nw, Canton, OH 44708
Center
A Child’s Place Nursery School
4770 Higbee Ave Nw, Canton, OH 44718
Preschool
A Place To Learn & Grow
407 Sixth St Nw, Canton, OH 44702
Center
Active Little Explorers
3110 Whipple Ave Nw, Canton, OH 44718
Center
All About Children’s Learning & Play Center
6199 Frank Rd Nw, Canton, OH 44718
Center
All God’s Children
3104 Harrison Ave Nw, Canton, OH 44709
Center
All Star Kids
2311 Columbus Rd Ne, Canton, OH 44705
Center
Alphabet Fit Kids
2700 Roberts Avenue Nw, Canton, OH 44709
Center
Alphabet Nursery School
1711 Fulton Rd Nw, Canton, OH 44703
Preschool
Alphabet Nursery School II
1703 Fulton Rd Nw, Canton, OH 44703
Preschool
An Open Door Childcare Center
171 Aultman Avenue Nw, Canton, OH 44708
Center
Andrea’s Childcare
622 Rowland Ave Ne, Canton, OH 44704
Center
Aultman Women’s Board Child Care Center
125 Dartmouth Ave Sw, Canton, OH 44710
Center
Belden Elementary School
2115 Georgetown Rd Ne, Canton, OH 44704
Center
CYC Community Recreation Center
1333 North Park Ave N. w., Canton, OH 44708
Center
Canton Jewish Community Center
2631 Harvard Ave Nw, Canton, OH 44709
Center
Canton Preschool Childcare Canton YWCA
1318 Gonder Ave Se, Canton, OH 44707
Preschool
Children of Grace Day Care & Learning Center
6283 Market Ave North, Canton, OH 44721
Preschool
Church of The Lakes Child Care Center
5944 Fulton Drive Nw, Canton, OH 44718
Preschool
Community Drop In Center
1492 Cherry Ave Se, Canton, OH 44705
Center
Compton Elementary
401 14th St Se, Canton, OH 44707
Center
First Years Community Preschool
6900 Market Ave, Canton, OH 44721
Preschool
Growing Years Nursery School
1819 Market Ave N, Canton, OH 44714
Center
Holy Cross Preschool Kindergarten & Child Care
7707 N Market Ave, Canton, OH 44721
Preschool
Jazzy Kids Daycre – Campus II
2212 Cleveland Nw, Canton, OH 44709
Center
Lighthouse Ministries of Canton
1935 3rd St Se, Canton, OH 44707
Center
Lighthouse Ministries of Canton
1931 3rd St Se, Canton, OH 44707
Center
Little Angels Child Development Center
1823 7th Street Ne, Canton, OH 44704
Center
Little Learners Child Development Center
3550 13th Street Nw, Canton, OH 44708
Preschool
Little Ones Community Child Care Center
1121 Sherrick Rd Se, Canton, OH 44707
Center
Little Tots Child Care
1407 Market Street, Canton, OH 44714
Center
Malone College Weaver Child Development Center CCDC
515 25th Street Nw, Canton, OH 44709
Center
Mason Elementary
316 30th Street Nw, Canton, OH 44709
Preschool
Mckinley Early Childhood Center
800 Market Avenue, Canton, OH 44702
Preschool
Minnie Hopkins Neighborhood Center
1352 Market Ave South, Canton, OH 44707
Center
Nurturing Hands Childcare Network
1221 Harrisburg Rd Ne, Canton, OH 44711
Center
Perry Christian Preschool and Child Care
139 Perry Drive Nw, Canton, OH 44708
Preschool
Richville Child Care & Learning Center
6195 Navarre Rd, Canton, OH 44706
Center
Sae-Sae’s Little Feet Childcare
1847 Faircrest St. Se, Canton, OH 44707
Center
Shelly’s Day Care Center
1310 30th Street Ne, Canton, OH 44714
Center
Sitter Service Cooperative
4600 Fulton Drive Nw, Canton, OH 44718
Preschool
Small World Montessori
3909 Blackburn Road Nw, Canton, OH 44718
Preschool
Stark County Christian Academy Preschool
2651 Market Avenue North, Canton, OH 44714
Preschool
Stark County Community Action Agency Head Start Metr
400 E. Tuscarawas Street, Canton, OH 44702
Preschool
Stark County Community Action Agency Head Start Wm.
3015 Mahoning Road Ne, Canton, OH 44702
Preschool
The Friend-Ship Child Center
425 45th Street, Canton, OH 44706
Center
The Goddard School
7042 Fulton Dr Nw, Canton, OH 44718
Preschool
The Golden Key Center For Exceptional Children
522 30th St, Canton, OH 44709
Center
Westbrook Park Nursery School
2521 Twelfth Street Nw, Canton, OH 44708
Preschool
Worley Elementary
1340 23rd Street Nw, Canton, OH 44709
Preschool
YMCA Child Care at Amos Mcdannel School
210 38th Street Se, Canton, OH 44707
Preschool
YMCA Child Care at Cedar School
2823 Ninth Street Sw, Canton, OH 44710
Preschool
YMCA Child Care at Clarendon Elementary
412 Clarendon Ave Nw, Canton, OH 44708
Preschool
YMCA Child Care at Dueber Elementary School
815 Dueber Avenue S. w., Canton, OH 44706
Preschool
YMCA Child Care at McGregor Elementary
2339 17th Street Sw, Canton, OH 44706
Center
YMCA Child Care at Meyers Lake
1333 N. Park Avenue Nw, Canton, OH 44708
Center
YMCA Childcare at Harter Elementary
317 Raff Road Nw, Canton, OH 44708
Preschool
YWCA Early Childhood Learning Center
231 Sixth Street N.e., Canton, OH 44702
Preschool
Youtz Elementary School
1901 Midway Ave Ne, Canton, OH 44705
Center
Zion Child Development Center – Little Angels Preschool
702 Raff Rd Sw, Canton, OH 44710
Preschool
cuyahoga falls, ohio Nanny Service. Find great Nannies with a background check. Best Nanny Service in cuyahoga falls, ohio.
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Tina T.
Jill of all trades looking for a long term position
Hello, my name is Tina, I am very interested in finding a long-term full-time job. I’ve been Jill of all trades for 15 years and I love it. I can’t imagine myself doing anything else in the world. I have brilliant links f…
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Available Sep 22 – Aug 24 for 47-48 months
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Rocelyn H.
Dedicated to a Filipina looking for a family to work with
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Juliet Helen T.
Special Needs, Behavior Modification, SEP Therapy
Hello families! I will update this part of my profile soon. It still reads accurately, but I recently moved to Fairlon in Akron, Ohio. Thank you for your interest in choosing my profile and for taking the time to read. …
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Last visited 29 days ago
Available Oct 22 – Nov 22 for 1-48 months.
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Excellent nanny with years of experience
My name is Robin. I have over 17 years of skilled childcare experience. I enjoy working with children as their simple approach to everyday life intrigues me and gives me the opportunity to learn from them. I am fit, energetic,…
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Miriam B.
49 year old nanny from Cuyahoga Falls looking for babysitting job
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My name is Nina and I have been working with children for over 7 years. I had the experience of helping my family develop several kindergartens. I have worked with infants in preschool planning hourly Montessori curriculum for the class…
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Interesting Cities in Ohio
20:54, 7 Lipnya 2019
You know the old adage: “Never judge a book by its cover.” It is fully consistent with the state. If you decide to travel to the USA, be sure to come to the great Midwest to learn a lot more about the country. Ohio is not only an agricultural state, but also an amazingly beautiful region. If you do not know which cities to visit, then our article will tell you about the most interesting cities in the state.
Cleveland
Recently nicknamed “City of Champions”, the metropolis has become Ohio’s most popular tourist city. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Cleveland Orchestra, and two sports stadiums attract more than a million music and sports fans every year. The modern center of Cleveland is simply dotted with skyscrapers. But despite this, the original architecture of the city is still preserved in the historic area of the Gateway. To see all the beauty and luxury of Cleveland, you need to have two weeks left.
Akron
This humble, working-class city shouldn’t be missed on your Ohio trip just because it lacks big amusement parks and sports arenas. Despite its scarcity of entertainment venues, Akron is rich in museums and historical sites to help you understand the people of Ohio. The Stan Givet House and Garden is a nook that transports you to the realm of the 19th century. Here you can stroll through the lush garden, decorated in several national styles. There is a huge birch grove there, especially beautiful in summer and autumn. An experienced guide will tell you the history of these places and give you a couple of practical tips regarding garden maintenance.
Newark
Newark is often unfairly overlooked because of Cleveland and Cincinnati. However, the city has its own large collection of attractions that are worth seeing. There are a lot of museums and theaters here. The nightlife here boils no worse than in large cities of America. Historical buildings give this city a certain charm. It is worth exploring local attractions from a walk through the historical center of the city.
Canton
Sports legends are literally immortalized in Canton. It can rightly be called the most athletic city in Ohio. The Pro Football Hall of Fame is many times larger than Cleveland’s. Here is the largest collection of T-shirts and other souvenirs from football legends. All American football fans come here to meet the legends of the sport. Here, almost every month, famous football players arrange evenings of meetings with fans. Well, if you don’t like football, you can spend time culturally in the First National Women’s Library, the city’s arts center and the Church of St. Raphael. All these buildings are built in the Victorian style and their very appearance will leave a great impression for a lifetime.
Sandusky
The beautiful blue waters of Lake Erie are the perfect excuse to visit Sandusky on your summer vacation. A tent, a campfire dinner, and a fishing rod thrown into the calm waters are a great way to relax in these places. A little extreme after fishing will definitely not hurt you! The city itself has the largest amusement park in the state, surpassing all similar institutions in the country in terms of the number of slides. At the Museum of Fun, you can see how horses are made for rides and try to carve a small souvenir out of wood.
Cincinnati
Unlike Cleveland, Cincinnati is regarded as the state’s artistic and scientific center. You can visit many art galleries, concert halls and the Krohn Conservatory for nature lovers. Despite the fact that life here is more relaxed than in Cleveland, tourists return here again and again with great pleasure. You will have a great time in Eden Park. In the depths of the park you will find the Avenue of the Presidents of the United States, where trees were planted personally by the heads of this state at different times. Well, you can make purchases in the best store in the city – Kenwood Towne Center.
Toledo
This is another city in Ohio where you can have fun and enjoy your time. The thrill of an African safari awaits everyone at the local wildlife park. Especially for your children in Toledo there is an Imagination Station, where they can be transported to a dreamland. True, traveling along it will be no less interesting for you than for kids. Have you ever dreamed of riding a bike on a tightrope at the height of a two-story building? Then feel free to buy a ticket to the Imagination Station. Well, if you like sports, then sports arenas, stadiums and a car racing track are within walking distance from the city center.
Dayton
Perhaps Dayton gained its world fame thanks to the Wright brothers, the inventors of the first aircraft. Here, in Dayton, visiting the US Air Force Museum, you can make several flights on various aircraft for a moderate fee – from a hang glider to formidable warships. Rarity lovers will be able to have fun and usefully spend the remaining time in the American Packard Museum, which perfectly conveys the spirit of the 20-30s of the XX century.
Columbus
The Ohio State Capitol, located off Columbus, is one of the horse chestnut state’s most prominent and beautiful architectural landmarks. The Center for Science and Industry is a favorite place to visit for children and enthusiastic scientists from all over the world. A bright spot against the backdrop of European culture stands out
Indian mounds and a reservation where visitors can learn in detail the culture of Native Americans. A visit to the Fire Engine Museum will be one of the interesting experiences you will see in this wonderful city named after Christopher Columbus.
Hotels Ohio(OH) from 2942 RUB per night
1-100 from 1657
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Located 500 meters from the Puritas Rapid subway station, this hotel offers comfortable rooms and a heated pool.
Excellent141141 review
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RUB 5 237
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This 43-room hotel is well located in the heart of Columbus with easy access to the Brewery District.
Very good8484 reviews
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RUB 6,119
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Located near Progressive Field, this 6-storey hotel starts your day with a hot breakfast buffet.
Excellent131131 review
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RUB 10 591
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The hotel is close to St. Stephen Catholic Church and has 42 rooms with private bathrooms.
Very good3939 reviews
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RUB 5 413
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An informal restaurant with a selection of signature American cuisine and a convenient location make this hotel one of the best places to stay in Cleveland.
Very good126126 reviews
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RUB 8 531
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There is a highway near the hotel and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame is nearby.
Excellent3333 reviews
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RUB 7 590
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Boasting a seasonal outdoor pool, sundeck and BBQ grill, this hotel boasts an ideal location.
Excellent55 reviews
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RUB 4 354
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The hotel has a 24-hour restaurant and guests can enjoy a nightclub, a shared lounge and a golf course.
Very good99 reviews
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RUB 3,001
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Located near the bus station and Crocker Park, this hotel has 98 rooms and an indoor pool.
Excellent6060 reviews
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RUB 3,177
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Featuring a grill restaurant and 142 rooms, this hotel is located in the business district.
Very good100100 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 590
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Located near the Motorcycle Hall of Fame Museum in downtown Reynoldsburg, this hotel offers 122 rooms.
Excellent9999 reviews
Price from
RUB 4 354
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Located 12 km from the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, this business hotel features 93 rooms and features an outdoor pool, tennis court and golf course.
Excellent2424 reviews
Price from
RUB 6,707
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Conveniently located next to Polaris Fashion Place, this hotel offers comfortable rooms and a garden bar.
Very good1717 reviews
Price from
RUB 6 531
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This hotel combines contemporary-style rooms with Egyptian-inspired architecture.
Very good1010 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,177
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Classical building with 108 guestrooms, the hotel’s location provides easy access to the Indian Museum of Lake County.
Very good3232 reviews
Price from
RUB 2,942
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Overlooking the city, this friendly hotel is located close to Maumi’s attractions, including the Stranahan Theater.
Excellent4343 reviews
Price from
RUB 4,119
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Boasting an ideal location next to Orange Johnson House, this hotel features an on-site restaurant.
Very good169169 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,530
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Housed in a classic-style building, this 9-room hotel is located close to Cincinnati’s Paul Brown Stadium.
Excellent99 reviews
Price from
RUB 10 826
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The hotel is close to the metro and Orleans Park is nearby.
Excellent22 reviews
Price from
RUB 4 060
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Located near Bishman Park, this hotel features 18 en suite rooms.
Excellent22 reviews
Price from
RUB 14 709/nightSelect
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Steps from The Norma Stark Memory Garden and Labyrinth, this hotel offers 36 rooms with mountain views.
Very good22 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,530
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There is a boat dock next to the hotel and Painesville Township Park is nearby.
Very good44 reviews
Price from
RUB 4 825
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The hotel combines beautifully colored rooms with elegant architecture.
Excellent5252 reviews
Price from
RUB 10 885
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Offering a shared lounge, library and golf course, this hotel is conveniently located in Downtown Cincinnati, close to the Duke Energy Convention Center.
Very good1313 reviews
Price from
RUB 10 650
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Conveniently located in a shopping area, this hotel boasts 112 rooms, as well as a picnic area and a tennis court.
Very good2323 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,707
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Offering beautiful views of the Great Lakes and Lake Erie and a 24-hour bar, this elegant building is 10 minutes’ walk from the city centre.
Very good9797 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 414
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This budget hotel provides a convenient base for exploring Cleveland, with FirstEnergy Stadium and Bookhouse Brewing nearby.
Excellent2222 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 178
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This business hotel provides a convenient base for exploring Cleveland, with PlayhouseSquare and Cleveland State University nearby.
Guest rating4949 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,648
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Housed in a Mexican-style building, this hotel with an outdoor pool has been operating since 1988 and has 93 rooms.
Very good1515 reviews
Price from
RUB 2,942
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Built in 1111 in the Westlake Recreation Area, this hotel currently offers 115 rooms.
Very good5151 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,766
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Situated in the north of Meisn, close to Kings Island, this business hotel offers a gym and fitness centre.
Very good5959 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,707
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This classic-style hotel is within walking distance of the Indian Museum of Lake County.
Very good1212 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,648
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This historic hotel is within walking distance of University Circle.
Excellent5555 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 473
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Guests at this hotel can relax in the 24-hour bar or the outdoor pool.
Very good8484 reviews
Price from
RUB 4,119
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Built in 1981 in the business district of Middleburg Heights, this hotel currently offers 116 rooms.
Excellent5959 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,118
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Housed in a historic building, this hotel with an outdoor pool has been operating since 1977 and has 108 rooms.
Excellent3939 reviews
Price from
RUB 4 236
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American cuisine is served at the on-site garden restaurant located in the business district.
Very good2323 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,824
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There is a full service restaurant on site, and guests can enjoy the casino and shared lounge.
Not bad5454 reviews
Price from
RUB 5,178
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Located near Rivertown, this business hotel is 4 km from the city center and overlooks Kings Island Amusement Park.
Guest rating1010 reviews
Price from
RUB 6,707
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Boasting all the benefits of a scenic location, guests can enjoy an outdoor pool and an air-conditioned restaurant.
Excellent3939 reviews
Price from
RUB 4 236
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Located close to Sawmill Creek Golf Course, this hotel serves local cuisine at the 24-hour on-site restaurant.
Not bad3030 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,942
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Guests can relax by the private pool or the coffee bar on offer at this hotel, centrally located in Downtown Cleveland, next to The Flats.
Excellent225225 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 649
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Located 4 km from the center of Independence, this hotel features an indoor pool and a wine bar.
Excellent77 reviews
Price from
RUB 5 825
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This 32-room hotel boasts a harborside location close to Cedar Point Amusement Park.
Not bad1111 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,001
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Located near Nashnwide Arena, this hotel features 113 rooms and a covered outdoor pool.
Guest rating138138 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,942
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Located next to Fisherman’s Wharf and 40 minutes’ drive from Marblehead Lighthouse, this hotel offers lawn tennis and fishing.
Not bad5959 reviews
Price from
RUB 3,648
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Located in a commercial area, close to the port, the hotel offers a gym and a fitness centre.
Guest rating1818 reviews
Price from
RUB 4,589
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This charming hotel is located in the business district and offers quick access to the Governor’s Residence.
Very good7575 reviews
Price from
RUB 5 825
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Located in the Columbus Highlands, this lakefront hotel is close to the Hollywood Casino Columbus.
Excellent121121 review
Price from
RUB 5,707
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Approximately 25 minutes’ walk from German Village, this hotel features 532 rooms with stunning garden views.
Excellent3333 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 120
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Rooms with river views are offered at this conveniently located hotel, which features an outdoor swimming pool.
Very good11 review
Price from
RUB 6 590
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Adjacent to Cleveland Public Square and 150 meters from Tower City Underground Station.
Very good4949 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 178
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Boasting great views of Great American Ball Park and a coffee bar, this modern-style hotel is 10 minutes’ walk from the city centre.
Very good7474 reviews
Price from
RUB 11 709
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Located in downtown Columbus, this hotel offers an outdoor pool and full service restaurant.
Very good8080 reviews
Price from
RUB 6,707
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This city-view hotel is located near Easton Town Center and features a garden restaurant.
Excellent4141 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 943
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Featuring a patio, shared lounge and BBQ grill, this 68-room hotel is a 10-minute drive from the Amish and Mennonite Heritage Center in Millersburg.
Excellent77 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 826
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This lakefront hotel is located in the Glouster resort area, close to Burr Oak State Park.
Very good55 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 944
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This 182-room hotel offers a prime location in the heart of Columbus with easy access to Downtown Columbus.
Excellent100100 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 414
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Guests at this hotel enjoy beautiful views of the city center and are close to Spaces.
Very good3939 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 473
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This 78-room hotel is well located in the heart of Berlin with easy access to the Amish and Mennonite Heritage Center.
Ideal5858 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 944
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Centrally located in the heart of Columbus, this hotel offers a private pool and exceptional views.
Excellent5151 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 414
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Offering a heated indoor pool, this hotel is ideally located in a shopping area.
Very good6060 reviews
Price from
RUB 4,942
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This hotel is located near Playhouse Square Center and offers lake views from the rooms.
Excellent5757 reviews
Price from
RUB 12 120
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Offering a 24-hour bar and a private pool, this hotel is located in the Polaris area.
Ideal5959 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 472
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Featuring 200 private rooms with facials and massages, this hotel offers easy access to Newark Earthworks.
Very good2828 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 767
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This hotel is close to the Rocky River Reservation and features a heated indoor pool.
Very good2828 reviews
Price from
RUB 6 354
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A 15-minute walk from The Flats, this urban-style hotel offers guests a shared lounge, golf course and rustic-style restaurant.
Excellent2626 reviews
Price from
RUB 10 297
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This lovely hotel is located in a trendy area and offers quick access to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum.
Very good3939 reviews
Price from
RUB 27 301
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This hotel features a seasonal outdoor pool in addition to a shared lounge and BBQ grill, waiting for guests in a quiet area next to Patterson Homestead.
Very good4141 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 473
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Located in downtown Cleveland, this hotel offers international cuisine and an outdoor pool.
Very good3131 reviews
Price from
RUB 25 712
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A pizzeria and 206 rooms are offered at this comfortable hotel located next to Great American Ball Park.
Excellent2828 reviews
Price from
RUB 10 532
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Situated on the beach next to Towers Hall, this hotel offers a spa and hot tub, as well as a heated indoor pool.
Very good3030 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 884
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This historic hotel is within walking distance of Nationwide Arena.
Very good2929 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 473
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Located near the Ohio State Administration, 1.3 km from North Market, this hotel features a bar and a tennis court.
Very good1313 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 943
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Overlooking a garden, this business hotel is located close to Granville attractions, including the Kussmaul Gallery.
Excellent88 reviews
Price from
RUB 11 356
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Located near the German Village, the hotel comprises 403 rooms and a private swimming pool.
Very good5454 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 296
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Overlooking the sea, this attractive hotel is close to Columbus attractions, including Port Columbus International Airport.
Excellent3131 reviews
Price from
RUB 6 060
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This 192-room hotel is well located in the central area of Lewis Center with easy access to Polaris Fashion Place.
Very good44 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 473
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Just 100 meters from The Mercantile Library, this friendly hotel offers non-smoking rooms, a shared lounge, a library and a tennis court.
Excellent66 reviews
Price from
RUB 11 709
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Located near Mecca and about 25 minutes’ walk from the Cincinnati Museum Center, this modern hotel features a picnic area and ballroom.
Very good2020 reviews
Price from
RUB 10 650
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This Cleveland hotel is 450 meters from the Tower City Public Square Subway Station and 6 km from the Cleveland Clinic, and offers a gym and fitness center.
Excellent1
review
Price from
RUB 8 178
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Just a few minutes’ walk from 20 North Gallery, this hotel offers 241 rooms with sweeping city views.
Very good2222 reviews
Price from
RUB 12 474
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Located 3 km from the center of Worthington, this hotel features an indoor pool and a lobby bar.
Very good1313 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 767
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Opened in 1910, this urban style hotel is located close to the German Village.
Very good1616 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 002
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Located near Highbanks Metro Park, this hotel features a lobby restaurant serving contemporary cuisine.
Excellent6363 reviews
Price from
RUB 6,943
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Located within walking distance of the Campus Martius Museum, this hotel boasts historic architecture and 77 antique-style rooms.
Very good77 reviews
Price from
RUB 6 001
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This 150-room hotel is conveniently located in a quiet area of Downtown Cleveland, close to the Cleveland Police Museum.
Very good3535 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 708
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Located near the Village Gift Barn, this hotel has 81 en suite rooms.
Excellent1313 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 884
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Boasting the benefits of an ideal location close to F.A. Seiberling Nature Realm provides beautiful rooms, as well as Turkish bath and massages.
Very good66 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 825
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With a central location in Downtown Cincinnati, guests can enjoy the outdoor pool or the on-site rooftop bar.
Excellent2323 reviews
Price from
RUB 11 120
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This historic-style hotel is located next to the port, offering an award-winning restaurant, as well as hiking and cycling.
Excellent3939 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 414
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Boasting an ideal location next to Indian Run Falls, this hotel features a family restaurant.
Ideal2424 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 944
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Guests can enjoy vegetarian cuisine at this business hotel’s lounge restaurant, which also features a seasonal outdoor pool.
Excellent3232 reviews
Price from
RUB 3 354
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Offering access to Paul Brown Stadium, this hotel is a 15-minute walk from US Bank Arena and features a lounge restaurant.
Very good22 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 885
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This hotel is close to the Sharonville Convention Center and features an outdoor pool.
Excellent8181 reviews
Price from
RUB 6 590
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With 68 rooms and an outdoor pool, this hotel offers guests a convenient location in the heart of Kent.
Excellent1515 reviews
Price from
RUB 7 060
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With 209 rooms and a 24-hour bar, this hotel is ideally located 10 minutes’ walk from the city centre.
Excellent4141 reviews
Price from
RUB 10 708
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Situated in a recreational area near the Children’s Museum of Cleveland, this comfortable hotel offers beautiful rooms and a private pool.
Excellent4747 reviews
Price from
RUB 8 473
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Located 1 km from the center of Sugarcreek, next to World’s Largest Cuckoo Clock, this hotel offers an indoor pool and a library.
Very good55 reviews
Price from
RUB 9 061
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Housed in an elegant building, this hotel offers accommodation in a business district with a shared lounge, ballroom and tennis court for guests’ comfort.
Excellent2121 reviews
Price from
RUB 6 413
/nightSelect
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North Canton, OH Hotels | Rent a room from 2353 RUB per night
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Rodeway Inn Near Hall Of Fame North CantonHotel
View on map2.7 km from city center1.2 km from hotelEti Technical College
Located near The Sanctuary Golf Club, this hotel features 83 en suite rooms.
Price from
RUB 3,145
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Hilton Garden Inn Akron-Canton Airport North CantonHotel
View on map 4. 5 km from City Center 1.0 km from Akron-Canton Regional Airport
Overlooking the terrace, this comfortable hotel is located in the business district.
Excellent99 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 175
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Courtyard By Marriott CantonHotel
See on the map2.7 km from the city center 300 m from the hotelMC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf
This comfortable hotel offers 150 rooms in the business district of North Canton.
Excellent3636 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 118
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Baymont By Wyndham CantonHotel
View on map2.4 km from City Center 1.3 km from MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf 1.3 km from hotel
This hotel has been welcoming guests since 1985 and has been located in the entertainment district of North Cantona, near Pro Football Hall of Fame.
Ideal8787 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5,032
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Best Western Plus North Canton Inn & SuitesHotel
View on the map2.8 km from the hotelEti Technical College1.3 km from the hotel
Air Museum, a lounge restaurant and 91 rooms.
Excellent3232 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5 260
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Embassy Suites By Hilton Akron Canton AirportHotel
See on the map3.2 km from the hotel Millside Park 2.1 km from the hotel
all-inclusive restaurant serving American cuisine.
Excellent22 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 804
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Microtel Inn & Suites By Wyndham North CantonHotel
See on map2.7 km from city center1.3 km from hotelEti Technical College bathrooms.
Not bad99 reviews10
Price from
RUB 4 060
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Springhill Suites By Marriott CantonHotel
View on map2.7 km from City Center 300 m from MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf
Guests of this hotel can relax in the snack bar or the indoor pool.
Excellent33 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5 604
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M Star North Canton – Hall Of FameB&B
View on map 600m from City Center 300m from HotelHeritage Society-North Canton
Since 1965, this hotel is located in the popular area of North Canton, close to The Sanctuary Golf Club.
Very good11 reviews10
Price from
RUB 2,630
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Similar properties near North Canton
Fairbridge Inn & Suites – Akron Copley Township – WestHotel
See on map 35. 5 km from North Canton 39 km from city center 35 km from city center.0097
Conveniently located in a shopping area, this hotel boasts 112 rooms, as well as a picnic area and a tennis court.
Very good2323 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,602
/nightSelect
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Red Roof Inn AkronMotel
See on map14.8 km from North Canton 14.8 km from hotel City center
-district.
Very good2323 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,717
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Hampton Inn Akron/Kent AreaHotel
See on map 26.4 km from North Canton from hotel 26.4 km from city center
Located right next to Dix Stadium, this hotel offers a lounge -Restaurant serving local cuisine.
Excellent1010 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 232
/nightSelect
N/A
Red Roof Inn CantonMotel
See on map 3. 2 km from North Canton3.2 km from City Center 600 m from MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf
The hotel was built in 1970 North Canton and currently offers 108 rooms.
Very good2828 reviews10
Price from
RUB 2,916
/nightSelect
N/A
Super 8 By Wyndham Kent/Akron AreaHotel
View on map 26.4 km from North Canton 26.4 km from City Center
Located a few steps from Kent State University, this hotel offers 61 rooms overlooking the valley.
Not bad88 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,602
/nightSelect
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Bertram Inn At GlenmoorHotel
View on map6.6 km from the hotel North Canton6.6 km from the city center
The hotel is located 9 km from the center and child care, a mini club and a playground are available for children.
Excellent77 reviews10
Price from
RUB 7 662
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Hampton Inn & Suites CantonHotel
View on map2. 5 km from the hotel North Canton2.5 km from the city center 1.6 km from the hotel MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf is located approximately 1.6 km from the hotel
9098 km from the center of Canton and offers guests 89beautiful rooms with city views, as well as an indoor pool on site.
Excellent2222 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5,718
/nightSelect
N/A
Hampton Inn Akron-SouthHotel
View on map 14.1 km from North Canton from hotel 14.1 km from city center
Overlooking the garden, this property offers local cuisine and is located in the business district and serves local cuisine.
Excellent1313 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 804
/nightSelect
N/A
Hampton Inn Akron-FairlawnHotel
View map 35.6 km from North Canton 35.6 km from city center
This hotel has been in the Akron suburb since 1996 from Summit Mall.
Very good1212 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 004
/nightSelect
N/A
Hilton Akron/FairlawnHotel
See on map 33.6 km from North Canton33.6 km from City Center
Boasting the benefits of an ideal location close to the F.A. Seiberling Nature Realm provides beautiful rooms, as well as Turkish bath and massages.
Very good66 reviews10
Price from
RUB 7 605
/nightSelect
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Hilton Garden Inn AkronHotel
See on map22.0 km from North Canton22.0 km from City Center
Featuring an a la carte restaurant and an indoor pool, this hotel is located close to Hower House.
Very good66 reviews10
Price from
RUB 8 577
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Doubletree By Hilton Akron – FairlawnHotel
View on map 33. 4 km from North Canton from hotel 33.4 km from city center
Centrally located next to the port, this hotel offers luxurious accommodation and a heated swimming pool.
Very good1010 reviews10
Price from
RUB 8 234
/nightSelect
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Residence Inn CantonHotel
View on map2.4 km from the hotel North Canton2.4 km from the city center 1.5 km from the hotelMC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf 1.5 km from the hotel
rooms, a 24-hour restaurant and a central location.
Very good88 reviews10
Price from
RUB 7,719
/nightSelect
N/A
Country Inn & Suites By Radisson, Cuyahoga Falls, OhHotel
View map 28.3 km from North Canton 28.3 km from city center 28.3 km from city center
Conveniently located, this hotel offers 79 classic rooms within walking distance of Falls River Square, as well as restaurants, golf courses and an amusement park.
Excellent3434 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 461
/nightSelect
N/A
Comfort Inn & Suites Kent – University AreaHotel
See on the map 26.4 km from the hotel North Canton 26.4 km from the city center
guests enjoy a convenient location in the heart of Kent.
Excellent1515 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 861
/nightSelect
N/A
Sheraton Suites Akron Cuyahoga FallsHotel
View on map29.4 km from the hotel North Canton City center 29.4 km from the hotel
city center cities.
Excellent4141 reviews10
Price from
RUB 10 407
/nightSelect
N/A
Fairfield Inn & Suites CantonHotel
View on map 2.5 km from North Canton2. 5 km from City Center 1.5 km from MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf
Located near Fawcett Stadium, this hotel features 62 en suite rooms.
Very good55 reviews10
Price from
RUB 4 689
/nightSelect
N/A
Radisson Akron/FairlawnHotel
View on map 35.1 km from North Canton from hotel 35.1 km from city center
Located right next to The Golf Improvement Center, this hotel features an all-inclusive restaurant serving American cuisine.
Very good3535 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5,032
/nightSelect
N/A
Homewood Suites By Hilton Akron/FairlawnHotel
See on the map35.8 km from the hotel North Canton35.8 km from the city center it currently offers 105 rooms.
Very good22 reviews10
Price from
RUB 7 948
/nightSelect
N/A
Residence Inn Akron South/GreenHotel
View on map14. 1 km from North Canton from hotelCity center 14.1 km from hotel
The hotel was built in 2014 in the business district of Akron time it offers 80 rooms.
Very good44 reviews10
Price from
RUB 10 807
/nightSelect
N/A
Doubletree By Hilton Canton DowntownHotel
View on map9.1 km from the hotelNorth Canton9.1 km from the city center
Very good1010 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5 775
/nightSelect
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Cambria Hotel Akron – Canton AirportHotel
View on map 10.8 km from North Canton 10.8 km from City Center
Located near MAPS Air Museum in a green area, this hotel boasts 108 non-smoking rooms, a health club and a hot tub.
Ideal3131 reviews10
Price from
RUB 7,147
/nightSelect
N/A
Courtyard Akron FairlawnHotel
View on map 35. 6 km from North Canton from hotel City center 35.6 km from hotel
Overlooking the valley, this hotel offers American cuisine and is located in the suburbs.
Not bad22 reviews10
Price from
RUB 7 490
/nightSelect
N/A
Courtyard Akron DowntownHotel
View on map25.5 km from North Canton from hotel 25.5 km from hotel City center
Centrally located next to the railroad, this hotel offers 146 modern rooms night bar.
Excellent33 reviews10
Price from
RUB 10 121
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Holiday Inn Canton-Belden Village, An Ihg HotelHotel
View map 3.4 km from North Canton 3.4 km from city center 700 m from MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf The 184-room designer hotel is conveniently located a 20-minute drive from the Mercy Medical Center and features a hot buffet breakfast as well as an outdoor pool.
Excellent66 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5,718
/nightSelect
N/A
Home2 Suites By Hilton CantonHotel
View on map 2.5 km from the hotel North Canton 2.5 km from the city center 1.6 km from the hotel MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf 1.6 km from the hotel
9009 Private hotel located in the entertainment area and offers quick access to the Pro Football Hall of Fame.
Excellent22 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,717
/nightSelect
N/A
Hampton Inn MassillonHotel
View on map13.6 km from the hotel North Canton 13.6 km from the hotel City Center
This 5-storey hotel overlooks the city bar The property serves local cuisine.
Excellent1111 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5 889
/nightSelect
N/A
Residence Inn By Marriott Akron FairlawnHotel
See on map36. 0 km from North Canton36.0 km from City Center barbecue and tennis court.
Very good22 reviews10
Price from
RUB 9 091
/nightSelect
N/A
Holiday Inn Akron West – FairlawnHotel
See on map 35.5 km from North Canton 35.5 km from City Center
This modern hotel is located in the business district, close to Summit Mall and offers a private pool, as well as cribs and video games for children .
Excellent33 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5 318
/nightSelect
N/A
Super 8 By Wyndham Copley AkronHotel
View on map 35.4 km from North Canton from hotel 35.4 km from city center
Located near The Golf Improvement Center, this hotel has 64 en suite rooms.
Very good33 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,088
/nightSelect
N/A
Hyatt Place CantonHotel
View on map2. 4 km from hotel North Canton2.4 km from hotel City center 900 m from hotelMC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf 900 m from hotel
9009 is located in the university district of North Canton, not far from Walsh University.
Excellent1010 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5 661
/nightSelect
N/A
Rodeway InnHotel
View on map 25.0 km from North Canton from hotel 25.0 km from city center
Featuring a designer restaurant and an outdoor pool, this hotel is located close to Stan Hywet Hall.
Guest rating
Price from
RUB 5,089
/nightChoose
N/A
Staybridge Suites Canton, An Ihg HotelHotel
See on map2.3 km from North Canton2.3 km from City Center 1.2 km from MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf location near the Pro Football Hall of Fame, as well as the availability of barbecue facilities and a golf course.
Very good55 reviews10
Price from
RUB 7 376
/nightSelect
N/A
Fairfield Inn & Suites Akron SouthHotel
View on map 13.5 km from North Canton 13.5 km from City Center
Located near the Firestone Country Club, this hotel features 85 en suite rooms.
Very good1010 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 232
/nightSelect
N/A
Comfort Inn Canton – Hall Of Fame HotelHotel
See on map 2.4 km from North Canton2.4 km from City Center 1.2 km from MC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf
Featuring a seasonal outdoor pool, this business hotel is a 10-minute drive from Pro Football Hall of Fame .
Very good1717 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,831
/nightSelect
N/A
Crowne Plaza Hotel Akron-Quaker SquareHotel
View on map 24. 7 km from North Canton 24.7 km from City Center
This hotel is located near Summa Field at InfoCision Stadium in downtown Akron and offers 190 rooms.
Excellent2020 reviews10
Price from
RUB 7 891
/nightSelect
N/A
Quality Inn & Conference CenterHotel
See on the map14.6 km from the hotel North Canton14.6 km from the city center
Located in the entertainment area near the bus stop, the hotel offers 129 rooms.
Excellent3535 reviews10
Price from
RUB 9 835
/nightSelect
N/A
Baymont By Wyndham Canton/Hall Of FameHotel
See on map 2.4 km from North Canton 2.4 km from City Center in a quiet area, the hotel can be found near St. Raphael Center, and there is a bus stop a few steps away.
Excellent4040 reviews10
Price from
RUB 4,003
/nightSelect
N/A
Quality Inn Hall Of FameHotel
View on map2. 8 km from hotel North Canton 2.8 km from hotel City Center 1.3 km from hotelMC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf This hotel is located 1.3 km from hotel
next to the Pro Football Hall of Fame and delights guests with its ideal location and 59 non-smoking rooms.
Guest rating1515 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3 316
/nightSelect
N/A
Econo LodgeHotel
See on map26.4 km from North Canton 26.4 km from hotel City center
This hotel is located near Kent State University in the heart of Kent and offers 40 rooms.
Guest rating3838 reviews10
Price from
RUB 2,859
/nightSelect
N/A
Econo LodgeHotel
View on map21.1 km from North Canton21.1 km from city center
This budget hotel is located in a shopping area and offers a gym and a fitness center.
Guest rating44 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,774
/nightSelect
N/A
Fairfield Inn And Suites Canton SouthHotel
View on map 13. 7 km from North Canton from hotel 13.7 km from city center
Guests can enjoy the saltwater pool and patio views from this conveniently located hotel in a recreational area.
Price from
RUB 7 662
/nightSelect
N/A
Ramada By Wyndham Canton/Hall Of FameHotel
View map 4.2 km from North Canton 4.2 km from city center Located next to the bus station, this hotel offers an outdoor pool as well as a health club and a hot tub.
Not bad3030 reviews10
Price from
RUB 4 803
/nightSelect
N/A
Holiday Inn Express Hotel And Suites Akron South-Airport Area, An Ihg HotelHotel
See on the map14.0 km from the hotel North Canton lounge bar or outdoor pool.
Excellent2121 reviews10
Price from
RUB 8 520
/nightSelect
N/A
Super 8 By Wyndham Akron S/Green/Uniontown OhMotel
View on map11. 1 km from North Canton 11.1 km from city center playground available for children.
Excellent99 reviews10
Price from
RUB 2,745
/nightSelect
N/A
Fairfield Inn & Suites Akron FairlawnHotel
View on map 35.8 km from North Canton 35.8 km from City Center
Within walking distance of The Golf Improvement Center, this hotel features a 24-hour on-site restaurant.
Very good
Price from
RUB 5 546
/nightSelect
N/A
Econo LodgeHotel
See on the map35.3 km from the hotel North Canton35.3 km from the city center
This hotel offers 54 contemporary rooms and is conveniently located within walking distance of The Golf Improvement Center as well as restaurants and the zoo.
Not bad88 reviews10
Price from
RUB 2,287
/nightSelect
N/A
Knights Inn CantonHotel
See on map2. 7 km from hotel North Canton2.7 km from hotel City center 1.3 km from hotelMC Duffer’s Park Miniature Glf 1.3 km from hotel
quick access to The Sanctuary Golf Club.
Not bad33 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,717
/nightSelect
N/A
Comfort Suites Hartville-North CantonHotel
See on map 11.2 km from the hotel North Canton 11.2 km from the hotel City center 11.2 km from the hotel
Guests will enjoy not only a picnic area, but also a library and a course and prime location in the business district.
Very good44 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 518
/nightSelect
N/A
Days Inn By Wyndham Kent – AkronHotel
View map 26.5 km from North Canton 26.5 km from hotel City center
Located near Dix Stadium, the hotel includes 66 rooms and a heated pool .
Not bad1313 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,202
/nightSelect
N/A
Comfort InnHotel
View mapNorth Canton at 20. 9km from the hotelCity Center 20.9 km from the hotel
The historic building provides 113 rooms and its location provides easy access to Alliance Community Hospital.
Not bad1414 reviews10
Price from
RUB 4 231
/nightSelect
N/A
Holiday Inn Express Hotel & Suites Kent State UniversityHotel
Map View 26.5 km from North Canton 26.5 km from City Center
The hotel has a lounge bar as well as an outdoor swimming pool for guests’ convenience.
Very good2020 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 518
/nightSelect
N/A
Value Place Akron, OhHotel
View on map 13.7 km from North Canton from hotel 13.7 km from city center
Price from
RUB 9 206
/nightSelect
N/A
Sleep InnHotel
See on map 26.3 km from North Canton 26.3 km from City Center
With 58 rooms and an indoor pool, this hotel is ideally located in the heart of Bolivar.
Very good1212 reviews10
Price from
RUB 6 633
/nightSelect
N/A
Quality InnHotel
See on map 15.0 km from North Canton15.0 km from City Center 15.0 km from Hotel
For guests of a comfortable hotel, located in a recreation area, there is a gym and a fitness center.
Guest rating3939 reviews10
Price from
RUB 4,003
/nightSelect
N/A
Copley Inn & Suites, Copley – AkronHotel
See on map 35.4 km from North Canton it currently offers 102 rooms.
Guest rating22 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,545
/nightSelect
N/A
Hotel Akron Northwest – CopleyHotel
View on map 35.2 km from the hotel North Canton 35.2 km from the city center
the hotel’s restaurant and 60 rooms are at your service.
Excellent33 reviews10
Price from
RUB 4 288
/nightSelect
N/A
Woodspring Suites AkronHotel
See on map 13. 8 km from North Canton 13.8 km from Hotel City Center
This business hotel is located very close to Regal Cinema Interstate Park Stadium 18, a stone’s throw from Nativity Parish Hall and offers 121 air-conditioned rooms.
Price from
RUB 2,916
/nightSelect
N/A
Berrodin Bed & Breakfast AkronHomestay
See on map 27.1 km from North Canton 27.1 km from City Center
Boasting a patio and a fully equipped kitchen, the homestay is close to Dr. Robert Smith House and about 2.1 km from Akron Zoo.
Excellent77 reviews10
Select
N/A
The 797 BuildingApartment
See on map 23.4 km from the hotel North Canton City center 23.4 km from the hotel
located 2.5 km from Akron Children’s Museum..
Very good33 reviews10
Select
N/A
Royal Inn & SuitesHotel
Map 21.1 km from North Canton Hotel Price 21. 1 km from City Center 9096 km from Hotel
RUB 3,545
/nightSelect
N/A
Blu-Tique, Akron, A Tribute Portfolio HotelHotel
View on map 25.1 km from North Canton from hotel 25.1 km from city center
This hotel is a short drive from Glendale Cemetery and just 10 minutes’ walk from the Ohio Heritage Area and the Erie Canal..
Price from
RUB 10 807
/nightSelect
N/A
Beautiful 4 Bedroom Home In Lovely Neighborhood – Walk To Pro Football Hof! HomeVilla
See on map 7.1 km from North Canton 7.1 km from City Center
Located 2.5 km from Joseph Sexton Photo Gallery, this villa offers hiking, cycling and fishing.
Price from
RUB 12 808
/nightSelect
N/A
Experience Living In An 1882 Victorian Home. MassillonVilla
See on map 13.0 km from North Canton 13.0 km from City Center
The villa provides parking and free parking, and is located 1 km from the city centre.
Select
N/A
Cuyahoga River Outdoor InApartment
Map North Canton at 2
Select
N/A
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Bertram Inn at Glenmoor 2* (18 reviews) in Canton, Ohio, USA. Book Bertram Inn at Glenmoor 2*
Canton
18 hotels
Dates for viewing prices
Departure
Adults
01020304
Children
-01020304
Price
0 RUB – 3080 RUB 7
RUB 3080 – RUB 6150 10
RUB 6150 – RUB 9230 2
Number of stars
1
6
11
Rating
Facilities
WiFi 16
TV 16
Mini-Bar 4
Parking 18
Restaurant 6
Bar 4
Pool 14
Fitness 14
Bath/Shower 17
Refrigerator 17
Type of allocation
Hotel 15
Bed and breakfast 1
Vacation home 1
Mini-hotel 1
Attractions Canton
Pro Football Hall of Fame 2. 9 km.
The Sanctuary Golf Club 10 km.
Firestone Country Club 26 km.
Amtrak Alpine Station 28 km.
Warther Carving Museum 32 km.
Summa Field at InfoCision Stadium 32 km.
Airports Canton
Akron-Canton Regional Airport 14 km.
Tri City Airport 34 km.
Carroll County-Tolson Airport 37 km.
Photos and description provided by the hotel and not verified by the service.
Reviews by guests at The Bertram Inn at Glenmoor :
7.7/10
Good
Hotel reviews 18 →
Free Wi-Fi
Parking lot
Description
Rooms
Video
Reviews
Facilities
Location
There is a bar for guests. There is a restaurant for guests.
A place to rest after the pursuit of impressions! Bertram Inn at Glenmoor is located in Canton. This hotel is located 9 km from the city centre.
Free parking is available for travelers by car. If you are traveling by car, you can park in the car park nearby.
Try coffee in a cafe – what if it becomes the best in the city? Want to stay connected? Does the hotel have free Wi-Fi.
You won’t be bored, because the hotel has a library for guests. For those who cannot imagine a vacation without water pleasures, there is a swimming pool and an outdoor pool.
Also available to hotel guests: massage, sauna, steam bath and spa. Specially for guests who do not miss the opportunity to play sports, a fitness center, gym and yoga.
To book an excursion, contact the hotel’s tour desk.
You can organize a business meeting, negotiations and even an interview. For this, a business center is provided.
Accessibility: Elevator is in operation. Additionally: laundry, dry cleaning, ironing, press, car rental, safe and concierge.
You don’t have to leave your pet at home: pets are allowed. To make the trip not only pleasant, but also convenient, guests can order a transfer.
The room is comfortably furnished and equipped with everything you need to relax after a long and busy day. Includes alarm clock, shower, TV, minibar and bathrobe.
The hotel staff speaks English.
The listed services are not available in all rooms.
Room price
from 7 140
Air conditioning Minibar Safe Private bathroom TV
Free Wi-Fi
Beds : double bed
Services and amenities or coffee maker, Telephone, Toiletries
Enter the dates and see current prices
Prices and Availability
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Air conditioning Minibar Safe Private bathroom TV
Free Wi-Fi
Beds : double bed or twin beds
Services and amenities : Bathrobe, Coffee, Refrigerator, Ironing Facilities, Heating, Microwave , Shower, Tea or coffee maker, Telephone, Free toiletries
Enter the dates to see current prices
Prices and Availability
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Air conditioning Minibar Safe Private bathroom TV
Free Wi-Fi
Beds : double bed
Services and amenities or coffee maker, Telephone, Toiletries
Enter the dates for current prices
Prices and Availability
Book
Air conditioning Minibar Safe Private bathroom TV
Free Wi-Fi
Beds : Twin beds
Services and amenities Tea or coffee maker, Telephone, Free toiletries
Enter dates and see current prices
Prices and Availability
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Pricing & Availability
Video of Bertram Inn at Glenmoor
The Bertram Inn at Glenmoor – Canton Hotels, OHIO
12/31/2016 8:52 PM
Reviews of the Bertram Inn at Glenmoor 3*
Add a Review of The Bertram Inn at Glenmoor
Reggie D.
12/26/2021
Reply
I love the vibe and can’t wait to be back in the spring.
Jimmy R.
05/11/2020
Reply
Great experience. Beautiful room and grounds…
Jessica S.
10/21/2019
Reply
I got married last weekend and had my hair and makeup done by Betro Inn Spa. They did a great job and were amazing!
Rose O.
08/20/2018
Reply
The staff is amazing, To the bad, we had a terrible experience, we came to celebrate my husbands 50th reunion from Brunnerdale, we needed a handicap room. We got a normal room, which I asked for an at-toilet, none available. Glenmoor is a very handicap-unfriendly place. Just wish they would have told me that when I called. I even called the day before arrival.
Brennon M. W.
6/23/2018
Reply
Stunning and beautiful conference room.
Helen M.
03/05/2018
Reply
Nice staff. But there are things that cost extra, one very small trash can in the room. Ruined my birthday due to booking having to update my page to let people know that men and women have they have a hot tub in their own changing room. The only reason we went there was because it was like a big hot tub to get together and relax together for my birthday, it closes at 6pm and opens at 8am. They took time there waiting for us when we went to the bar because we were wearing jeans and a T-shirt instead of clothes.
Cr
1/16/2018
Reply
The hotel rooms are great, the food was just ok.
Roger P.
09/18/2017
Reply
5 star hotels, as well as everyone who works there, treat you like a king. They go out of their way to make sure you are happy and they even take time out of their busy schedule to talk to you and ask you if they can help you in any way. What group of staff do you have in your hotel. I travel a lot and have stayed in many hotels but this is the best hotel I have ever stayed in that people seem to like their job and they go out of there way to make sure you are not taken care of and a five star Manor Hotel.
Frank L.
06/04/2017
Reply
We really enjoyed our stay at this lovely Inn and would highly recommend it to others traveling through the area!
Ned K.
07/04/2016
Reply
The rooms are not intended for modern use. They need more sockets instead of having half the candles picked up by lamps and clocks. The lighting is substandard, even in the bathroom. Television may or may not work properly; in the room, I stayed in the TV is not comfortably visible from any bed. Many doors don’t lock automatically (requires using a key to lock the bolt when you leave the room) and they have a number on a large plastic tag attached to the key meaning a lost or stolen key advertises which room it will open. Floor layouts are somewhat confusing and not always clearly labeled. About the only positive from my stay was that the staff that I dealt with were very nice and accommodating.
Gillian K.
07/03/2016
Reply
I was impressed with the numbers. Although the beds are comfortable, our rather large room had two double beds instead of two double beds. This is after we had to switch rooms. Very few outlets.
Book a room at Bertram Inn at Glenmoor →
Hotel
Airport shuttle (chargeable)
Laundry
Rooms/Facilities for disabled guests
Safe
Lunch box provided
Bar
Lift
Meeting/Banquet room
Restaurant
Concierge services
Ironing services
Shoe shine
Babysitting / childcare services
Smoking areas
Breakfast in the room
Trouser press
Dry cleaning
Gift shop
24-hour reception
Room service
Non-smoking rooms
Luggage room
Press Delivery
Fax/Photocopying
Barber/beauty salon
Food and drink delivery to room
Minibar
Shops in the territory
Outdoor pool
Iron
Facilities for disabled guests
Children’s menu
Terrace
Airport shuttle
Heating
Wine/champagne
Outdoor fireplace
Daily housekeeping
Water bottle
Garden furniture
Special diet menus
Business Center
Luggage storage
Upper floors access lift
9239one
The entire premise is located on the ground floor
Private check-in/out
Wake-up service / alarm clock
Patio
Transfer to the airport
Newspapers
Non-smoking throughout
Coffee/tea
Fruit
Coffee shop on site
Chocolate/biscuits
Honeymoon Suite
Daily cleaning
Snack bar
Airport transfer
Ironing accessories
Transfer
Carpet
Lockers
Stores
Non-smoking hotel
Security
Press
Radio
Outdoor furniture
Reception
Barrier-free access
Ironing services
Telephone
Area shuttle
Car rental
Airport transfer
Transfer services
Tourist office
Organization of meetings and banquets
Fax and copier
Meeting and presentation equipment
Conference room
Playroom
Babysitting and childcare
Children’s playground
Children’s television channels
Kids Club
Pets allowed
Wake-up service
Sun deck
Picnic area
Air conditioner
24-hour front desk
Packed lunches
Ticket sales
Internet
Room
Seating area
Telephone
Cable channels
Flat screen TV
Radio
Microwave
Refrigerator
Free toiletries
Hair dryer
Bathroom
Bath or shower
Dressing gown
Alarm clock
Wardrobe or wardrobe
Toaster
Dining table
Socket next to bed
Clothes hanger
Work table
Dining area
Private bathroom
Free toiletries
Toilet
Towels
Toilet paper
TV
Pool view
Underwear
Bathtub
shower
Non-smoking rooms
Room service
Connecting rooms
Cable TV
Minibar
Shower/Bath
Wardrobe/wardrobe
Toiletries
Food and drink
Free tea/coffee
Diet menu (on request)
Breakfast
Cafe
Microwave
Pool bar
Packed lunches
Bottled water (extra charge)
Wine/champagne
Children’s menu
Special diet menus
Snack bar
Breakfast in the room
Bar
Restaurant
Coffee/tea
Packed breakfasts/lunches
Leisure and entertainment
SPA and wellness center
Golf course (within 3 km)
Squash
Outdoor pool
Whirlpool bath
Children’s playground
Tennis court
Kids Club
Babysitting / childcare services
Children’s television channels
Stand-up comedy
Pool
Golf course
Outdoor playground
Aerobics
Live music/performance
Theme dinner
Happy hours
Tennis equipment
Cooking class
Table tennis
Library
Board games and/or puzzles
Movie nights
Sun deck
Child safety barriers
Swimming pool
Pool
Jacuzzi
Beach facilities
Beach/pool towels
Outdoor pool
No age limit
Fenced pool
Pool/beach towels
Sun loungers/beach chairs
Pool bar
Pool toys
Sun umbrellas
Heated pool
Incremental pool
Seasonal pool
Health services
Squash
Golf course
Tennis court
Gym
Yoga
Steam bath
9239one
Beauty salon
Spa
Hammam
Fitness center/spa changing room with lockers
Personal trainer
Fitness classes
Yoga classes
Fitness
Massage chair
Spa/wellness packages
Foot bath
Spa lounge/relaxation area
Steam room
Spa treatments
Wrap
Body peeling
Body Care
Stacking
Hair coloring
Haircut
Pedicure
Manicure
Hair care
Make-up
Waxing
Facial
Cosmetic services
Sun loungers/beach chairs
Pool/beach towels
Hot tub/Jacuzzi
Massage
Spa and wellness center
Fitness Center
Sauna
Parking lot
Disabled parking spaces
Free public parking on site (reservation not needed)
Parking lot
Free public parking nearby
Staff speaks
English
Bertram Inn at Glenmoor Registration Policy
Check-in time:
C 15:00
Check-out time:
Before 11:00
Credit cards accepted:
Mastercard, Visa, Discover, American Express
Guests are required to show a valid ID and credit card upon check-in. Please note that all special requests cannot be guaranteed and are subject to availability upon check-in. Additional charges may apply.
Guests are required to show a valid photo ID and credit card upon check-in. Please note that special requests cannot be guaranteed and additional charges may apply.
Swimming pool #1 is closed from Mon 07 Mar 2022 until Tue 31 May 2022
There are no age restrictions for check-in.
Book a room at Bertram Inn at Glenmoor →
Location of the Bertram Inn at Glenmoor
FAQ
How much does it cost to stay at Bertram at Glenmoor?
The cost of living in Bertram at Glenmoor depends on the number of guests and the date.
The average cost per night is 7 140
Does Bertram Inn at Glenmoor have Wi-Fi?
Free Wi-Fi is available for hotel guests.
What popular attractions are nearby Bertram Inn at Glenmoor?
Nearest attractions:
Pro Football Hall of Fame (6 km. ) , The Sanctuary Golf Club (9 km.) , Firestone Country Club (19 km.) , Summa Field at InfoCision Stadium (26 km.) , John S Knight Center (27 km.) , Akron Zoological Park (27 km.) , Akron Museum of Art (27 km.)
What are the check-in and check-out times?
Check-in at Bertram Inn at Glenmoor is possible from 15:00, check-out Until 11:00.
How far is Bertram at Glenmoor from the nearest airport?
Nearest Airport Akron-Canton Regional Airport is 9 km away.
Does the hotel have parking?
Parking is available for hotel guests.
Search and booking hotels
Attractions near the hotel
Pro Football Hall of Fame
6 km.
The Sanctuary Golf Club
9 km.
Firestone Country Club
19 km.
Summa Field at InfoCision Stadium
26 km.
John S. Knight Center
27 km.
Akron Zoological Park
27 km.
Akron Museum of Art
27 km.
Akron Art Museum
27 km.
Amtrak Ellines train station
33 km.
Nearest airports
Akron-Canton Regional Airport
9 km.
Wadsworth Municipal Airport
30 km.
Kent State University
35 km.
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Describe the major physical developmental milestones for school-age children.
Recognize the changes in a school-age child as a result of puberty.
Identify the aspects of brain development in school-age children.
Learn
Know
Developmental milestones are a set of benchmarks consisting of skills and abilities that children reach throughout their lifetime. Educators and pediatricians use these milestones to check a child’s development. Although each milestone corresponds with an age or grade level, it is important to remember that all children develop at their own pace. It is normal for a peer group to reach milestones at a variety of ages, even spanning a few years in either direction.
Physical Developmental Milestones for School-Age Children
School-age children, ranging in age from 5 years to about 12 years of age, will have a vast range in their cognitive development. The same is true for school-age children and their physical development. The information below will give general guidelines for physical-developmental milestones.
The following are characteristics of typical physical developmental milestones for school-age children:
School-age children will gain between 4 and 7 pounds each year and continue to have height increases. Increases in height will vary and a 3- to 6-inch height difference in a classroom group is typical.
Growth spurts are common in school-age children, as are periods of slow growth. When children are going through a growth spurt, they will usually need an increase in calorie intake. Growth spurts can also lead to body parts being out of proportion. For example, a child could stay the same height while their feet go through a growth spurt. This can lead to school-age children feeling awkward or clumsy. This typically passes once puberty is over.
School-age children will begin to see an improvement in their motor skills. They will have better control, coordination and balance.
Muscles masses will begin to change in school-age children, which will make them stronger.
Take a look at the chart below for a closer look at how school-age children will develop within their age groups. These milestones should never be considered a checklist to evaluate a child’s development, but as a guide for what to expect.
5 Years
Stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer
Hops; may be able to skip
Can do a somersault
Uses a fork and spoon and sometimes a table knife
Can use the toilet on her or his own
Swings and climbs
6-8 Years
Strong motor skills, but balance and endurance can vary
Sense of body image begins to develop
9-12 Years
Becomes more aware of his or her body as puberty approaches; body image develops
Develops secondary sex characteristics like breasts and body hair
Brain Development in School-Age Children
A child’s brain develops rapidly during their first few years of life. Because of rapid changes and growth spurts, there is much focus on children’s brains from birth until five years of age. A school-age child’s brain is still developing as they learn how to do new things and think differently. Jean Piaget theorized about the stages of brain development and the different types of intelligences. School-age children are in the stage of brain development that Piaget called the concrete operational stage. In this stage, children are able to understand logic and concrete information, especially in their own lives. They may still struggle to grasp hypothetical or abstract concepts, especially those that will happen in the long-term future. School-age children will begin to be less egocentric and will be able to think about and understand things from different viewpoints. Other brain functions will begin to improve such as:
Concentration: School-age children will be able to focus on a task or topic. They will also begin to develop methods of ignoring distractions when they have a task to focus on.
Memory: Both long- and short-term memory skills will begin to improve in school-age children. They will be able to recall important things from months or even years in the past and remember where they left their jacket after outdoor time.
Attention span: School-age children will be able to focus on important tasks for longer periods. They will begin to read longer books, stay interested in topics at school, and be able to participate in long-term projects.
Brain development is a form of physical development — it is a part of a child’s body that is growing and changing. The three major brain functions mentioned above allow school-age children to develop their motor skills and participate in sports and other physical activities.
Puberty: What to Expect
This age group will experience body changes that come with the beginning of puberty. This happens when certain hormones become present and begin to create changes to parts of our bodies. Sometimes these changes can be drastic and seem to happen overnight, while other times they happen gradually over a few years. The changes that accompany the onset of puberty can often be confusing and even scary for school-age children. The average age of beginning puberty is around 12; however, children are beginning to show signs of these changes at a much younger age. It is important for you to be aware of what kinds of changes school-age children could be going through. This will help prepare you to answer questions from children or their families and be understanding and sympathetic to the children in your care.
Typical changes for boys
The development of the testosterone hormone creates physical changes to the male reproductive organs.
Hair growth can begin in the underarms, pubic area, chest and face.
Shoulders grow wider.
The voice begins to change or deepen. This usually involves a period when the voice “cracks” as it begins to deepen.
Typical changes for girls
Hormones begin working together to create estrogen, which prepares a girl’s body to begin menstrual cycles.
Hair growth in underarm and pubic areas can begin.
Bodies begin to change and become curvier with wider hips and breast development.
Other changes
All of the hormonal changes in the body can cause the skin to be oily which can cause acne, or pimples. Pimples can be present anywhere on the body but the most common places are the face, upper back and chest.
Body odor is common. New hormones stimulate the glands in the skin, including the sweat glands located under the arms. These sweat glands mix with bacteria to cause body odor.
Hormone changes can lead to mood swings and strong emotions. Sometimes, children will feel upset or sad and not be able to explain why. Many times, the reason can be attributed to hormones.
These changes can also lead to self-esteem issues as children have difficulty feeling comfortable in their changing bodies. This topic will be discussed in greater detail in Lesson 4 during this course.
Supporting All Learners
There will be times when family members grow concerned about their child’s development. As a school-age staff member, you may also notice a child who doesn’t seem to be developing like his or her peers. It is very important to keep in mind that all children develop at their own pace. This is especially true in school-age children and multi-age environments. If you discover that skills are not emerging or growth is not occurring as it should and if you are concerned about a possible developmental delay, discuss the situation with your administrator or training and curriculum specialist. They will be able to help you better assess the situation and, if necessary, refer the family to programs or services available for their needs.
There are a few key points to remember when supporting all learners in a school-age environment:
Children develop at their own paces. Never compare children and their abilities. If a family member compares their child to one of their peers, encourage them not to do so. This can be harmful to a child’s development if they feel that they are “not as smart” as their peers.
Most children will catch up and be on pace with their developmental milestones.
If you begin to have concerns that a child may not be developing typically, make observations and record the behaviors that cause you concern. Always go to your administrator first before discussing this with a family member.
If a school-age child in your program has a diagnosed need that affects their physical development or physical abilities, they should have an IEP, or individualized education plan. You should work with your administrator or training and curriculum specialist and the family to discuss how your program can help support the child’s development. Attached to this course, you will find an article titled, The Need for Skilled Inclusion in Out-of-School Time Programs: Kids Included Together Responds. This article has helpful information on the importance of including all children in the learning environment.
Influences and Factors Affecting School-Age Growth
There are a variety of outside factors and influences that can affect the development of children. It is important to be sensitive to these factors and influences and to remember that all children will develop at their own paces. The major contributing factors that can affect the development of school-age children are:
Environment: Living and learning in a positive environment where one feels valued, loved, and challenged, both at home and school, will help foster positive growth and self-esteem. Factors such as pollution and a lack of cleanliness can have negative effects on a child’s physical development.
Culture: A child’s culture may be one of the biggest contributing factors to their overall development. For example, a family’s culture or religious views can influence the nutrition, activities, and daily routines of a child.
Nutrition: Malnutrition occurs when certain nutrients are either lacking or in excess in a child’s diet. A child who does not receive enough nutrients can be at risk for delayed or stunted growth. A child who has an excess of specific nutrients or food types can be at risk for obesity. Both types of malnutrition can lead to other risks, diseases, and disorders.
Genetics: Certain physical attributes such as height and body build can be a result of the family’s genetics. Genetics can also be an influence on the onset of puberty and developmental milestones as well as certain diseases, disorders and disabilities.
Socioeconomics: The financial status of a family can affect the types of food that are available as well as the types of activities a child can participate in. Families having financial issues may also not be able to provide proper medical care.
See
Watch this video as it explains some basic information about the physical developmental milestones of school-age children.
Video not availableAn introduction to developmental milestones in school-age children.
In this next video, you will see a variety of ways to incorporate all learners into the planning of physical activities.
Video not availableMethods of supporting all learners in physical activities.
Do
The changes that school-age children go through as they develop and grow can be difficult for children and families to understand. It is important that you provide any resources necessary to answer questions about a child’s development.
Recognize that it is normal for all children to develop at their own paces.
Support children as they go through changes in their physical appearance.
Create an environment that supports all learners.
Explore
View and complete the Scenarios activity. As you work through each scenario, think about how you would respond if this were happening in your program. When you are finished, share your work with your coach, trainer, or administrator.
Scenarios
Challenge yourself to support the physical development of school-age children
Required: Complete and review this document with your trainer, supervisor, or administrator
Apply
View and complete the Planning with BAM activity. When finished, share your work with your coach, trainer, or administrator.
Planning with BAM
Plan activities using the Body and Mind (BAM) website from the CDC
Glossary
Concrete operational stage:
The stage of cognitive or brain development that occurs roughly between the ages of 7 and 11
Egocentric:
When one’s outlook is limited to his or her own needs, wants, and activities
Jean Piaget:
Developmental psychologist whose theories on cognitive development are widely respected and accepted
Motor skills:
Muscular coordination. Gross-motor skills are actions that use the large muscles in our bodies, like our arms and legs, for skills such as walking, running or jumping. Fine-motor skills are actions that use the smaller muscles in our bodies, like those in our fingers and toes for skills such as writing, or using tools
Puberty:
The process of development when a child’s body matures into an adult body
Demonstrate
Finish this statement. School-age children may sometimes feel awkward or clumsy because…
they are teased by their peers.
their families compare their development to other school-age children.
Growth spurts can lead to body parts being out of proportion until puberty is over.
Maria’s mom mentions that she has noticed that Maria’s coordination and balance have improved. You respond by saying:
You have been working with Maria during free time and the extra practice has really paid off.
Maria has been slow to develop motor skills and you are relieved that there is improvement.
School-age children such as Maria typically have improved coordination, balance, and control over time.
Which of the following are NOT changes that usually accompany puberty?
Body odor, acne, and mood swings
Hair growth in the under arm area, pubic area, face and chest
Suicidal thoughts, increased use of foul language, and physical confrontations
Boys’ voices begin to change; girls’ hips widen and breasts develop.
References & Resources
The American Academy of Pediatrics. (2004). Caring for Your School-Age Child. New York: Bantam Books.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). BAM! Body and Mind. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/bam/
National Center on the Sexual Behavior of Youth (2013). CHILDHOOD SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT. Retrieved from http://www.ncsby.org/content/childhood-sexual-development
Milestone Academy Child Development Center
Milestone Academy Child Development Center – Care. com Grain Valley, MO Child Care Center
Costimate™
$152
per week
Ratings
Availability
Costimate™
$152/week
Ratings
Availability
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Details and information displayed here were provided by this business and may not reflect its current status. We strongly encourage you to perform your own research when selecting a care provider.
Free Registration ($35 value)
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4th week of care is free.
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Milestone Academy Child Development Center located at 1401 South Buckner Tarsney Road, Grain Valley, Missouri, offers basic childcare and learning services. The center operates from 6 a. m. to 6 p.m., Mondays through Fridays. It offers programs for infants, toddlers, early preschool and kindergarten prep. It offers before- and after- school programs, including summer camps and winter breaks. State licensed and state subsidy accepted.
In business since: 2006
Total Employees: 11-50
Awards & Accreditations
Owners both have Master’s degrees in education fields and have been in education since 1994.
State license status: Licensed
(Care.com verified on 9/16/2022)
This business has satisfied Missouri’s requirements to be licensed.
For the most up-to-date status and inspection reports, please view this provider’s profile on Missouri’s
licensing website.
Licensing requirements typically include:
Complying with safety and health inspections
Achieving the required levels of educational training
Maintaining a minimum caregiver-to-child ratio
Other state-defined requirements
Monday :
6:00AM – 6:00PM
Tuesday :
6:00AM – 6:00PM
Wednesday :
6:00AM – 6:00PM
Thursday :
6:00AM – 6:00PM
Friday :
6:00AM – 6:00PM
Saturday :
Closed
Sunday :
Closed
Type
Child Care Center/Day Care Center
Preschool (or Nursery School or Pre-K)
Additional Details
Summer care / camp
Philosophy
Developmental (Play-Based)
Academic
Languages
English
Teacher/Student Ratio:
1:4, 1:8, 1:10
Program Capacity:
113
Costimate™
$152/week
At Care. com, we realize
that cost of care is a big consideration for families. That’s
why we are offering an estimate which is based on an average of
known rates charged by similar businesses in the area. For
actual rates, contact the business directly.
OFFERINGS
Full Time (5 days/wk)
Part Time (1-4 days/wk)
Half-Day (Morning)
Half-Day (Afternoon)
Full-Day
Extended Care (Before School)
Extended Care (After School)
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Montessori Day School Blue Springs
1505 NW MOCK AVE
,
Blue Springs,
MO
64015
Libby Lane Early Childhood Center
601 NW LIbby Lane
,
Lees Summit,
MO
64063
A-Zanipolo Childcare Learning Center
2407 S. 291 Highway
,
Independence,
MO
64057
DUNCAN ACADEMY, INC.
1405 Nw Persimmon Dr
,
Grain Valley,
MO
64029
BLS Education Center
636 W Jefferson
,
Grain Valley,
MO
64029
Free Registration ($35 value)
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4th week of care is free.
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Child Care / Preschools / Preschools in Grain Valley, MO / Milestone Academy Child Development Center
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Physical Developmental Milestones: School-Age | Virtual Lab School
Objectives
Describe the major physical developmental milestones for school-age children.
Recognize the changes in a school-age child as a result of puberty.
Identify the aspects of brain development in school-age children.
Learn
Know
Developmental milestones are a set of benchmarks consisting of skills and abilities that children reach throughout their lifetimes. Educators and health-care providers use these milestones to check a child’s development. Although each milestone corresponds with an age or grade level, it is important to remember that all children develop at their own pace. It is normal for members of a peer group to reach milestones at a variety of ages, even spanning a few years in either direction.
Physical Developmental Milestones for School-Age Children
School-age children, ranging in age from 5 years to about 12 years of age, will have a vast range in their cognitive development. The same is true for their physical development. Below are general guidelines for physical developmental milestones for school-age children:
School-age children will gain between four and seven pounds each year and continue to have height increases. Increases in height will vary, and a three- to six-inch height difference in an age group is typical.
Growth spurts are common in school-age children, as are periods of slow growth. Children in a growth spurt usually need an increase in calorie intake. Growth spurts can also lead to body parts being out of proportion. For example, a child could stay at one height while his or her feet keep growing. This can lead to school-age children feeling awkward or clumsy. This feeling of awkwardness or clumsiness typically passes once puberty is over.
School-age children will begin to see an improvement in their motor skills. They will have better control, coordination, and balance.
Muscle mass increases in school-age children, making them stronger.
Take a look at the chart below for a closer look at how school-age children develop within their age groups. These milestones should never be considered a checklist to evaluate a child, instead use them as a guide for what to expect in typical development.
Brain Development in School-Age Children
A child’s brain develops rapidly during the first few years of life. Because of rapid changes and growth spurts, there is much focus on children’s brains from birth until 5 years of age. A school-age child’s brain is still developing as they learn how to do new things and think differently. School age children are able to understand logic and concrete information, especially in their own lives. They may still struggle to grasp abstract concepts, especially events that will happen in the long-term future. School-age children begin to be less egocentric and can think about and understand different viewpoints. Other brain functions begin to improve such as:
Concentration: School-age children are able to focus on a task or topic. They also begin to develop methods of ignoring distractions when they have a task to focus on.
Memory: Both long- and short-term memory skills improve in school-age children. They can recall important things from months or even years in the past and remember where they left their jacket after outdoor time.
Attention span: School-age children can focus on important tasks for longer periods. They begin to read longer books, stay interested in topics at school, and may participate in long-term projects.
Brain development is a form of physical development—it is a part of a child’s body that is growing and changing. The three major brain functions mentioned above allow school-age children to develop their motor skills and participate in sports and other physical activities.
Puberty: What to Expect
This age group will experience body changes that come with the beginning of puberty. This happens when certain hormones become present and begin to create changes to parts of our bodies. Sometimes these changes can be drastic and seem to happen overnight, while other times they happen gradually over a few years. The changes that accompany the onset of puberty can often be confusing and even scary for school-age children. The average age of beginning puberty is around 12; however, children are beginning to show signs of these changes at a much younger age. It is important for you to be aware of what kinds of changes school-age children could be going through. This will help prepare you to answer questions from children or their families and be understanding and sympathetic to the children in your care.
Typical changes for boys
The development of the testosterone hormone creates physical changes to the male reproductive organs.
Hair growth can begin in the underarms, pubic area, chest and face.
Shoulders grow wider.
The voice begins to change or deepen. This usually involves a period when the voice “cracks” as it begins to deepen.
Typical changes for girls
Hormones begin working together to create estrogen, which prepares a girl’s body to begin menstrual cycles.
Hair growth in underarm and pubic areas can begin.
Bodies begin to change and become curvier with wider hips and breast development.
Other changes
All of the hormonal changes in the body can cause the skin to be oily, which can cause acne, or pimples. Pimples can be present anywhere on the body, but the most common places are the face, upper back and chest.
Body odor is common. New hormones stimulate the glands in the skin, including the sweat glands located under the arms. These sweat glands mix with bacteria to cause body odor.
Hormone changes can lead to mood swings and strong emotions. Sometimes, children will feel upset or sad and not be able to explain why. Many times, the reason can be attributed to hormones.
These changes can also lead to self-esteem issues as children have difficulty feeling comfortable in their changing bodies.
Supporting All Learners
There will be times when family members grow concerned about their child’s development. As a family child care provider, you may also notice a child who doesn’t seem to be developing like his or her peers. It is very important to keep in mind that all children develop at their own pace. This is especially true in school-age children and multi-age environments. If you discover that motor skills are not emerging or growth is not occurring as it should, first discuss your concerns with the child’s family.
The family may have information about their child’s development to share with you. School staff members and health-care providers have resources about school-age children’s physical growth. Keep information available about local community resources (e.g., counseling center, park programs, fine arts programs) so you can refer parents to them.
There are a few key points to remember when supporting all learners in a school-age environment:
Children develop at their own pace. Never compare children and their abilities. If a family member compares their child to one of their peers, encourage them not to do so. This can be harmful to a child’s development if they feel that they are “not as smart” as their peers.
Most children will catch up and be on pace with developmental milestones.
If you begin to have concerns that a child may not be developing typically, make observations and record the behaviors that cause you concern. Always share your observations with the child’s parents.
If a school-age child in your program has a diagnosed need that affects physical development or physical abilities, she or he should have an individualized education plan, or IEP. You should work with the child’s family to discuss how best to support the child’s development.
In this video, you will see a variety of ways to incorporate all learners into the planning of physical activities.
Video not availableMethods of supporting all learners in physical activities.
Influences and Factors Affecting School-Age Growth
There are a variety of outside factors and influences that can affect the development of children. It is important to be sensitive to these factors and influences and to remember that all children will develop at their own pace. The major contributing factors that can affect the development of school-age children are:
Environment: Living and learning in a positive environment where one feels valued, loved, and challenged, both at home and school, will help foster positive growth and self-esteem. Factors such as environmental pollution and a lack of cleanliness can have negative effects on a child’s physical development.
Culture: A child’s culture may be one of the biggest contributing factors to overall development. A family’s culture or religious views can influence the nutrition, activities, and daily routines of a child.
Nutrition: Malnutrition occurs when certain nutrients are either lacking or in excess in a child’s diet. A child who does not receive enough nutrients can be at risk for delayed or stunted growth. A child who has an excess of specific nutrients or food types can be at risk for obesity. Both types of malnutrition can lead to other risks, diseases, and disorders.
Genetics: Certain physical attributes such as height and body build can be a result of the family’s genetics. Genetics can also be an influence on the onset of puberty and developmental milestones, as well as certain diseases, disorders, and special needs.
Socioeconomics: The financial status of a family can affect the types of food that are available as well as the types of activities a child can participate in. Families having financial issues may also not be able to provide proper medical care.
See
Watch this video as it explains some basic information about the physical developmental milestones of school-age children.
Video not availableAn introduction to developmental milestones in school-age children.
Do
The changes that school-age children go through as they develop and grow can be difficult for children and families to understand. It is important that you provide any resources necessary to answer questions about a child’s development.
Recognize that it is normal for all children to develop at their own pace.
Support children as they go through changes in their physical appearance.
Create an environment that supports all learners.
Explore
Children’s brains continue to develop while their bodies undergo rapid change during the school-age years. For children, this can be an exciting, and yet sometimes awkward, age. To think about how best to support school-agers in your care, read and review the Explore: Scenarios activity. As you work through each scenario, think about how you would respond if this were happening in your family child care setting. When you are finished, share your work with your trainer, coach or family child care administrator.
Explore: Scenarios
Develop ways to connect ideas about the benefits of physical activity with the children in your family child care home
Required: Complete and review this document with your trainer, supervisor, or administrator
Apply
Explore the Center for Disease and Control and Prevention’s BAM Body and Mind website. This website is designed just for youth and is a great resource to share with school-age children and their families. Visit http://www. cdc.gov/bam/ and answer the questions in the Planning with BAM! Body and Mind attachment. When finished, share your work with your trainer, coach or family child care administrator.
Planning with BAM Body and Mind
Develop physical activity plans
Glossary
Motor skills:
Muscular coordination that includes gross-motor skills, or actions that use the large muscles in our bodies, like our arms and legs, for skills such as walking, running or jumping, and fine-motor skills, or actions that use the smaller muscles in our bodies, like those in our fingers and toes, for skills such as writing, or using tools
Egocentric:
When one’s outlook is limited to his or her own needs, wants, and activities
Puberty:
The process of development when a child’s body matures into an adult body
Demonstrate
Finish this statement: School-age children may sometimes feel awkward or clumsy because…
they are teased by their peers.
their families compare their development to other school-age children.
Growth spurts can lead to body parts being out of proportion until puberty is over.
Maria’s mom mentions that she has noticed that Maria’s coordination and balance have improved. You respond by saying:
You have been working with Maria during free time and the extra practice has really paid off.
Maria has been slow to develop motor skills and you are relieved that there is improvement.
School-age children such as Maria typically have improved coordination, balance, and control over time.
Which of the following are not changes that usually accompany puberty?
Body odor, acne, and mood swings
Hair growth in the underarm area, pubic area, face, and chest
Suicidal thoughts, increased use of foul language, and physical confrontations
Boys’ voices begin to change; girls’ hips widen and breasts develop.
References & Resources
The American Academy of Pediatrics. (2004). Caring for Your School-Age Child. New York: Bantam Books.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). BAM! Body and Mind. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/bam/
National Center on the Sexual Behavior of Youth (2013). CHILDHOOD SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT. Retrieved from http://www.ncsby.org/content/childhood-sexual-development
Early Care and Education Programs
CDC’s milestones and parent tips have been updated and new checklist ages have been added (15 and 30 months). For more information about the recent updates to CDC’s developmental milestones, please review the Pediatrics journal article and these important key points.
As an early care and education provider, you are a valuable resource to parents! They look to you for information on their child, and they trust you. CDC’s “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” has FREE research-based, parent-friendly resources on child development to help you boost family engagement and your own professional development. Read on to learn more!
Using CDC’s “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” can…
Help you track and celebrate each child’s developmental milestones
Help you communicate with parents about development
Provide guidance on discussing developmental concerns
Help parents know what milestones to expect next
Complement and support developmental screening
Provide professional development with CDC’s FREE CEU training, Watch Me! Celebrating Milestones and Sharing Concerns
Aid in early identification of the 1 in 6 children with a developmental delay or disability
“Learn the Signs. Act Early.” One Director’s Story
Early care and education providers can ensure children with developmental delays and disabilities receive the help they need by…
Learning how to monitor each child’s development with CDC’s FREE 1-hour online training, Watch Me! Celebrating Milestones and Sharing Concerns
Regularly using CDC’s milestone checklists in your classroom to
Track each child’s development progress;
Guide your conversation and support your observations when raising concerns with parents; and
Complement developmental screening by engaging families in monitoring milestones.
Encouraging families to use CDC’s milestone checklists [4 MB, 24 Pages, 508] or Milestone Moments booklet [3 MB, 60 Pages, 508] at home to monitor their children’s development
Helping parents to act on developmental concerns by encouraging them to talk with their child’s healthcare provider and call their state’s early intervention program. Support them by sharing CDC’s How to Get Help for Your Child [727 KB, 2 Pages, 508] tip sheet.
Promote CDC’s FREE Milestone Trackerapp for families by printing a poster for your classroom [617 KB, 1 Page, 508] and encouraging them to download.
Increase Parent Engagement with LTSAE
A recent study suggests that parents who use LTSAE resources are more aware of developmental milestones and are more engaged in conversations about their child’s development.
Collaborating with Healthcare Providers
This video from AAP shows how sharing developmental information with healthcare providers and others can improve early identification.
Share Materials with Families
Most materials are available in English and Spanish, many in simplified Chinese, Vietnamese and Korean, some in other languages. Customize these resources by adding your center’s logo and contact information. Request customizable files from [email protected] and print them.
FREE materials: print or order (in limited quantities) in English and Spanish.
Promote CDC’s FREE Milestone Tracker app for families by printing a poster for your classroom [617 KB, 1 Page, 508] and encouraging them to download.
Use a web button to link your center’s website to “Learn the Signs. Act Early.”
Show parents photo and video examples of milestones using the Milestones in Action image library.
Click to learn how materials have been integrated into early care and education settings.
Resources for Early Educators
Milestones Learn more about the milestones that children should reach from 2 months to 5 years of age, plus interactive tools for parents and staff to help keep track of them. Print out milestone checklists for parents or your staff to complete.
Watch Me! Celebrating Milestones and Sharing Concerns This FREE, one-hour, online training course for early care and education providers, shares tools and best practices for monitoring the development of children in your care and talking about it with their parents. FREE Continuing Education is available. Take the training in English | Take the training in Spanish
Note: In centers that conduct developmental screening, these materials support and complement, but do not replace, developmental screening. Learn more about developmental monitoring and screening. [657 KB, 2 Pages, Print Only]
Tips for Talking with Parents about Developmental Concerns This tip sheet provides information on how to regularly talk with parents about their child’s development and also provides tips for talking to parents when you have concerns. English [370 KB, 2 Pages, 508] | Spanish [132 KB, 2 Pages, Print Only]
Early Care and Education Primer This one page handout highlights the benefits of integrating “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” resources within early care and education settings and provides information on how to access materials. The primer provides tips on using “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” materials in classrooms; tips for using “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” to boost family engagement; resources for discussing developmental concerns with parents; and ways to support providers’ professional development. Primer in English [2 MB, 2 Pages, 508] | Primer in Spanish [1 MB, 2 Pages, 508]
Child Care Development Fund Primer This primer for Child Care Development Fund (CCDF) grantees, highlights the different CCDF requirements that “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” can help providers meet such as the CCDF health and safety training requirements, professional development requirements, and consumer and provider education provisions on family engagement. In addition, resources for discussing developmental concerns with parents and ways to support professional development are also included. Primer in English [2 MB, 2 Pages, 508] | Primer in Spanish [2 MB, 2 Pages, 508]
Home Visiting Primer This primer highlights the benefits of integrating “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” materials within home visiting programs, shares an example of one state’s successful model for integration, and provides information on how “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” materials can help home visitors strengthen family engagement and better support children. Primer in English [1 MB, 2 Pages, 508] | Primer in Spanish [791 KB, 2 Pages, 508]
Developmental Screening Passport “Learn the Signs. Act Early.” materials promote developmental monitoring and can also be used to complement and support developmental screening efforts. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends both developmental monitoring (surveillance) and screening for all children. Download this resource from Birth to 5: Watch Me Thrive! to track a child’s screening history and share results with parents and providers.
English [2 MB, 2 Pages, 508] | English Print Version [2 MB, 2 Pages, Print Only]
Spanish [2 MB, 2 Pages, Print Only]
Empowering Developmental Monitoring Webinar Click here to view a webinar that features a parent, healthcare provider, and an early care and education provider discussing the importance of tracking developmental milestones and working together to effectively monitor child development.
Milestones Matter with CDC and Vroom! Use this poster to encourage families to track their child’s development and try brain building tips to promote their child’s development. Download, print, and display the poster in your childcare setting. English [4 MB, 1 Page, 508] | Spanish [4 MB, 1 Page, 508]
Brazelton Touchpoints Development is a Journey Roadmap This roadmap is designed for early care educators to facilitate conversations if there are developmental concerns and/or after developmental screening using seven short and simple steps to actively engage parents and other caregivers in planning for their child’s developmental needs and enhance the provider-parent partnership. Development is a Journey conversation roadmap PDF | Roadmap Background and Guidance
Links to Early Childhood Websites
Birth to 5: Watch Me Thrive! Birth to 5: Watch Me Thrive! is a coordinated federal effort to encourage healthy child development, universal developmental and behavioral screening for children, and support for the families and providers who care for them.
Click here to learn more on standardized, validated screening tools.
National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) NAEYC provides accreditation for schools that meet certain standards, as well as resources, tools, and information for families and childcare providers.
Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center (ECTA) The Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center (ECTA) works to strengthen the systems that provide early childhood services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The center’s mission is to ensure that children with disabilities (birth through 5) and their families receive and benefit from high-quality, culturally appropriate, and family-centered supports and services.
Zero to Three Provides professionals working with very young children and their families an extensive collection of resources aimed at supporting the work of professionals in a variety of early childhood settings.
Child Care Aware Child Care Aware is a program of Child Care Aware® of America and helps families learn more about the elements of quality child care and how to locate programs in their communities. Child Care Aware also offers resources for families and for child care providers.
Developmental Disabilities
Child Development
Positive Parenting Tips
National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities
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8 Developmental Milestones Your Child Should Achieve Before Kindergarten
Going to kindergarten is a big deal. Whether your child has experienced school for years at this point or will be entering the school setting for the first time, it marks a major transition. If your child is nearing kindergarten age, it’s important to determine if they’re ready, or if they might benefit from waiting another year.
To help you figure out whether your child is ready for kindergarten, we’ve gathered together eight developmental milestones children ought to achieve before they take the next step in their education. As you read through them, keep in mind that while most children hit certain milestones at roughly the same developmental rate, each individual child will reach some milestones earlier and some later. Take note of where your child excels, and where they can use a little extra guidance.
8 Developmental Milestones Your Child Should Achieve Before Kindergarten
When your child is on the verge of entering kindergarten, they should be able to:
1. Speak Clearly
For children to thrive in school, they need to have some mastery of speaking (or have an alternative form of communication such as sign language. ) Children who are effective communicators feel more confident speaking up in school, which helps teachers better understand when they understand a concept, and determine when that child needs more guidance. Communication skills also help children socially, giving them stronger connections with their peers and helping them become a part of the school’s learning community.
If your child is approaching kindergarten and has trouble forming sounds or words, seems confused when directions are given, doesn’t ask questions like other children their age or otherwise seems delayed, don’t panic. According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, preschool language disorders are fairly common. Just make sure you talk to a speech therapist for advice on how to help your child get back on track.
2. Understand Questions
Questions form such a backbone of teaching during the inquiry based learning process and are critical to helping fuel creativity. As a result, it’s important that children understand how to respond to questions and ask them on their own before they go to kindergarten. Look for your child to start asking basic, curiosity-fueled questions about the world around them between the ages of two to four years old. They should also be starting to respond to your questions (and those of non-related adults such as teachers) and understand the meaning of the main question words: Who? What? When? Why? Where? and How?
Many children in this age ask “Why” about everything, but if your child is less expressive, gently encourage them to ask questions. Prompt them by saying things like, “Is there anything you want to ask about this?” or “Do you have any questions?” Sometimes children are brimming with questions under the surface and just need a little encouragement to speak up.
3. Recognize Numbers and Letters
While children don’t need to master the alphabet when they enter kindergarten, they should be able to pick out most letters on their own. Many kindergartners will also be able to associate sounds with them, though this is a skill that teachers will work on with students on throughout kindergarten and in the coming years. Numbers are also crucial. By the time they reach kindergarten, children should be able to count to 10 most of the time. By age three or four, your child should be able to connect the written form of numbers one to five with the correct number of objects.
To help your child develop their skills as recognizing numbers and letters, make it a game. Ask them to point out specific letters on signs and challenge them to identify single digit numbers when they see the numbers on clocks or even scoreboards.
4. Comprehend the Concept of “Time”
Many parents mistakenly think that “understanding time” means that their children should be able to tell time. That’s not actually the case. When children are four or five years old, they should understand that time passes and understand concepts such as “now,” “before,” “soon,” “later,” “yesterday,” “tomorrow,” and so on. Many children will also recognize the fact that adults use clocks and watches to identify the time—even if they don’t know how to tell time themselves.
Keep in mind that at this age, children tend to use events to mark the passage of time. As a result, they may not be able to tell you the time on a clock or remember the days of the week. They will, however, remember that they’re going to the zoo tomorrow, that they visited their grandmother last week and that they’re taking their dog to the park tonight. As long as your child is marking time in a way that is personally meaningful, they have hit this milestone. If they find the concept of time to be a challenge, help them by including references to time more frequently in your conversations with them.
5. Be Able to Tell a Story
By the time your child is ready for kindergarten, they should be able to tell a simple story with a recognizable beginning, middle and end. The stories your preschooler tells don’t have to be long or complex stories, but their stories should have a recognizable beginning, a middle and a distinct ending. This ability to tell a simple anecdote is a major speech and language milestone—and one you can help them develop just by encouraging them to tell you about their day.
Most children will begin a story with “Today I … ” or “Yesterday we … ” or “Guess what Grandpa did?” or another opener they’ve heard their parents or older adults use. Then they will explain what happened, such as saying “Grandpa rode the rollercoaster!” You may not always completely understand exactly what happened, but the gist should be there. Then they should wrap up the story in a distinct way: “It was so fun!” or “I wish we could go again!”
6. Recognize Patterns
Learning how to recognize patterns is critical to helping children understand basic mathematical concepts. For preschoolers, these pattern recognition can be very simple, such as recognizing two repeating shapes in a sequence. Kids should also be able to recognize patterns in daily life, such as knowing that they brush their teeth after eating breakfast, and then head to school after brushing their teeth.
To help your child learn to recognize patterns, keep your routines consistent at home and work with them if they need more help in this area. For instance, you might practice making that simple repeating pattern with two different types of blocks or shapes.
7. Grasp Basic Math Skills
Beyond patterns, children heading to kindergarten should be familiar with a few other basic math skills. These include understanding one-to-one ratios—which means they can see or hear the number five and use that information to pick out five objects. Sorting, the ability to distinguish between different types of objects, is another important math skill. You can help your child practice this by providing math manipulatives for them to play with, or even by asking them to sort colored objects into different containers.
8. Possess Fine Motor Skills
It isn’t necessary for your child to be able to hold a pencil and write by the time they enter kindergarten, but they do need the fine motor skills to pick up a crayon or pencil and make marks on a piece of paper reliably. If your child is struggling with those skills, the National Association for the Education of Young Children recommends encouraging them develop their muscle coordination with everyday activities. Help your child get used to using objects as tools by encouraging them to do basic tasks such as eating with utensils or painting with a paintbrush. Pouring juice can help children practice keeping a steady hand, while Play-Doh and clay help children to strengthen the muscles in their hands.
What If My Child Isn’t There Yet?
All children develop at different rates, and if your child isn’t yet hitting one of these milestones, that’s okay. You can help your child accelerate their learning by playing word and number games, practicing conversations, reading books, and providing a rich and stimulating learning environment at home. Look for Montessori toys that will encourage your child to practice their motor skills and exercise their imagination.
Another way to ensure your child’s development stays on track is to look for a school where they will receive a continuous educational experience. Instead of sending your child to one preschool and then another school for kindergarten, look for a program that keeps your child with the same educators during these crucial developmental years. Whitby School’s nursery to grade eight program, for example, helps children excel by eliminating the stress of changing schools and ensuring that children receive an education that continually builds on what students learn each year.
To learn about how a Montessori preschool can help your child reach developmental milestones, schedule a tour or download our guide to Nursery to Grade 8 (N-8) schools below.
Children’s lies as a milestone in development
Even if parents do not like it when their child lies or fantasizes, more often this is a good sign of development, and not at all a bad upbringing. Already at 3-4 years old, children understand that they can play an “alternative reality” with a conscious lie.
Psychologist, defectologist Ksenia Belitskaya tells about the phenomenon of children’s lies to the After Lessons project.
Preschool children find much in common in the boundaries between the imaginary situation and reality. So when they lie, it is rarely a malicious act, but more of a game and an attempt to merge their own world with that of those around them.
The main reasons for lying
There are different situations in which a child resorts to deception. Parents should notice when they catch a child in a lie, and keep a close eye on whether the child is constantly lying. It is often better to work on the reasons for lying, rather than directly confronting the child with his behavior.
1 Fear of emotional outburst
When children lie, they are often overwhelmed with emotion from the situation they are in. For example, Anna knows that her single mother has to work hard and is always busy. The girl’s performance at school has dropped, but she does not want to share it with her mother, so as not to upset her. She thinks lying about her grades is the best way to save her mother another problem.
Children, as a rule, want to please their parents, they want to be perceived positively. Therefore, lies can arise in support of exactly this perception by adults.
2 Fear of consequences
One of the most common reasons children lie, even toddlers, is fear of punishment. The preschooler who broke the vase is afraid of the ban on computer games, so he blames others.
The desire to avoid consequences is also widespread among adults. Parents should understand if they themselves do not use this technique in the family. A bad example would be a situation in which a mother, together with a child, buys a beautiful ring in a store and asks not to talk about this dad.
3 Recognition through deception
Social inequality is one of the catalysts for deception. An unprestigious area, lack of funds for expensive toys or clothes can cause bullying, so some children defend themselves with lies.
A child from a poor family may fantasize about a rich relative abroad; a teenager whose parents work hard may talk about fictitious family weekend trips; a law-abiding young man may lie to his friends about cool fake parties and non-existent crimes…
Faced with the evaluation of the outside world, children make up stories to improve their position in the eyes of others. This becomes characteristic from the age of about 8 years, when they learn about the intricacies of relationships in society.
4 Lies for good
“White lies” is a generally accepted way of lying. Mom should not guess that her son gave her a good birthday present. Dad doesn’t have to know that jeans don’t fit him anymore. And no one should tell my aunt that her hair is just awful.
Such a lie is not always a bad deed. Society as a whole accepts such lies, in order to avoid an avalanche of mutual insults, reproaches and insults.
How to deal with lies
When parents first catch a child in a lie, it often causes a smile. And what other feelings can a three-year-old daughter evoke when she finishes her candy and at the same time convinces her mother that she never took anything sweet in her mouth?
If the child lies all the time, you need to talk about it openly. The correct type of adult reaction is always individual and depends on the situation. So, what to do if the child…
1 Fear of the consequences
Talk to the child about lying and explain why lying is not good. Also ask him about his motives. Answer appropriately and, if possible, not as severely as the child would expect. This will remove the fear of punishment in the future.
2 Seeking recognition through lies
Help a child in special moments. Surely he has a talent that can be developed that will make him more confident in himself. Sports, art, technical creativity – you need to try different directions so that he becomes the best in one of them and receives real recognition.
3 Wants to upgrade
Talk to your child about their behavior and reasons. Why does he want to create another world based on lies? What is he lacking now, how can this be achieved?
If a child begins to lie, inventing a “beautiful wrapper” for his, as it seems to him, gray and boring everyday life, punishments will be useless. Instead, it is better to develop a strategy together with the child that will lead him to the life he dreams of. This can be a successful job, work on a scientific project, or participation in a creative competition. The results of these efforts, albeit not immediately, will make his life bright and not requiring adjustments with the help of deceit.
4 Lies in good faith
With white lies, children want to prevent harm to other people. So do adults. And in this case, punishments are counterproductive. Let the child understand when “white lies” are acceptable and when it is better to respond gently with the truth.
Lying at preschool age is a common phenomenon: this is how kids try to merge into the adult world, looking for the boundaries between reality and a fairy tale. Deception as a means of communication among schoolchildren is a phenomenon that you want to avoid at all costs. So that the child does not lie, it is important to help him find his own sphere of success and celebrate achievements more often, as well as build trusting relationships between all family members.
Ksenia Belitskaya, psychologist, defectologist, consultant for working with people with disabilities, certified specialist in working with metaphorical and associative maps Instagram page Profile on the PsySovet project
Photo: Anna Shvets | pexels.com/ru-ru/@shvetsa
Tags: lies, psychology
Law school. Milestones of the human rights movement
Today we are finishing the “Law School-2017” with a publication that tells about memorable dates of the world human rights movement.
Dura lex sed lex.
In the previous publication, we started a story about those milestones in the human rights movement that were recorded by the United Nations and are celebrated by the world community every year. Calendar dates from January 1 to March 21, the day of the vernal equinox, fell into our field of vision.
Today we offer to get acquainted with the subsequent dates, each of which is a breakthrough in the fight for Human Rights. Each of these days is like a pearl in one necklace of our common humanistic achievements.
March 24 is World TB Day. On this day in 1882, Dr. Robert Koch presented his discovery of the tubercle bacillus to a group of doctors in Berlin. This day was officially proclaimed in 1992 by the World Health Organization.
April 7 is World Health Day. Proclaimed in 1950 by the World Health Organization to raise awareness of unnecessary suffering and the effort required to ensure life and good health.
April 8 is International Gypsy Day. This day was officially established in 1990 to support Romani culture and raise awareness of the problems faced by people of this nationality.
April 23 is World Book and Copyright Day. By commemorating this day, UNESCO promotes reading, publishing and the protection of intellectual property through copyright. This day was first celebrated in 1995. Also known as World Book Day.
April 28 is World Day for Safety at Work, proclaimed by the International Labor Organization.
May 1 is International Workers’ Day, “First of May”. It is celebrated as a holiday of the international labor movement.
May 3rd is World Press Freedom Day. Proclaimed by UNESCO in 1993 to support freedom of the press throughout the world and recognize a free, pluralistic and independent press as an essential component of a democratic society.
May 8 is World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day. On this day, the merits of National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies throughout the world are remembered and recognized.
May 8-9 — Days of Remembrance and Reconciliation dedicated to the memory of the victims of World War II. Established in 2004 by the UN General Assembly in memory of all those who died during World War II. It is important that Victory Day on May 9 in Russia is not only a Russian holiday.
May 15 is the International Day of Conscientious Objection to Military Service. Established by the War Resisters International to promote non-violent action to eliminate the causes of war, and to support and unite people around the world who refuse to take part in war or preparations for war.
17 May International Day Against Homophobia and Transphobia (IDAHO) UNAIDS, Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS. Coordinated by the Paris-based “IDAHO Committee”.
May 21 is the World Day against Terrorism. World Day Against Terrorism is directed against all forms of terrorism and violence. It was established in India because “every year, thousands of young people are lured into the networks of terrorist camps and organizations.”
May 21 – World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development. Proclaimed in 2002 as a means to achieve prosperity, sustainable development and global peaceful coexistence.
June 23 – Public Service Day. Proclaimed by the UN to emphasize the contribution of the public service to the development process.
June 26 is the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture. Proclaimed by the UN in 1997, this day is aimed at the elimination of torture and the effective implementation of Convention 1984 years against torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment. It was first held on June 26, 1987.
August 6 is the Day of Remembrance for the Victims of Hiroshima. This day remembers the victims of the first atomic bombing in Hiroshima (Japan) in 1945.
August 12 – International Youth Day Established by the UN in 1999 to draw attention to the problems of youth around the world.
August 23 is the European Day of Remembrance for the Victims of Stalinism and Nazism. Established by the European Parliament in 2008. August 23 is the day of the signing of the non-aggression pact between Germany and the Soviet Union, “which divided Europe into spheres of influence.”
October 1 is International Day of Older Persons. In 1990, the UN General Assembly proclaimed this day to raise awareness of issues related to older people and to recognize the contribution of older people to society.
October 2 is the International Day of Non-Violence. Established by the UN, coincides with the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi.
October 5 is World Teacher’s Day. Established by UNESCO in 1994 to mobilize support for teachers and ensure that teachers meet the needs of future generations.
October 17 is the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty. Established in 1992 by the UN General Assembly to raise awareness of the need to eliminate poverty and poverty in all countries, especially in developing countries.
October 24-30 – Disarmament Week. In 1978, the UN proclaimed Disarmament Week to highlight the danger of the arms race, spread the word about the need to end it, and raise public awareness of the urgency of disarmament.
November 6 is the International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict. This day was declared by the United Nations in 2001 to help protect our common environment during times of armed conflict, when ecosystems and natural resources are harmed, with lasting consequences beyond national territories and the current generation after the end of the conflict.
November 9 is the International Day against Fascism and Anti-Semitism. On this day at 19In 38, the Nazis began mass pogroms of Jews. Many synagogues and shops were attacked and burned down. Because of the broken windows, this night was called “Kristallnacht” (“Crystal Night”). The day is recognized by the Council of Europe.
November 16 is the International Day for Tolerance. Established by UNESCO in 1995 to raise awareness of the dangers of intolerance.
November 20 is World Children’s Day. Established by the UN in 1954 as a day of worldwide brotherhood and understanding among children, as well as with the aim of carrying out activities aimed at improving the well-being of children around the world.
December 1 is World AIDS Day. Established in 1988 by the United Nations (WHO), concerned about the pandemic spread of AIDS.
December 3 is the International Day of Persons with Disabilities, proclaimed by the UN.
December 9 is International Anti-Corruption Day. Proclaimed by the UN in 2003 to stop accepting corruption as an inevitable fact and identifying corruption as one of the main barriers to development that harms the world’s poorest people.
December 10 is Human Rights Day. In 1950, the UN General Assembly invited all states and interested organizations to celebrate this day in order to perpetuate the anniversary of the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948.
December 18 is International Migrant Day. Established by the UN in 2002 to ensure respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants.
December 20 is the International Day of Human Solidarity.
Our 2017 project is over, but we will continue to work with readers in the upcoming 2018. You can ask questions and send us your stories by e-mail: [email protected] or by phone 336-51-10. In addition, you can contact the editorial office directly at: Koltsovo, house 12, office 2, Advertising and Publishing Center “MediaKoltso” .
Photo by: m thierry Source: Flickr.com, licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0
The history of the development of education – how the school appeared: from Ancient Russia to the present
The first schools in Russia
The year 988 is the time of the baptism of Russia and the birth of school education.
Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich issues a decree: the children of the boyars must learn book business. So there was a school called “Book Teaching”. There, the students were divided into small groups, and each had its own literacy and reading teacher.
Subsequently, the first educational institutions were opened at monasteries in Kyiv, Novgorod, Smolensk, Suzdal and Kursk. The teachers were monks, and the program was approved by Prince Vladimir himself.
A century later, in 1086, Anna Vsevolodovna, the sister of Vladimir Monomakh, opened the first women’s school at the church, where girls from the wealthy population were taught to read, read and sing.
At the beginning of the 15th century, churches at monasteries were replaced by private schools – “Masters of Letters”, which became a new stage in the development of education in Russia. Boys of wealthy parents studied there, the program included writing, reading and foreign literature.
During the Tatar-Mongol yoke, education regressed, and the development of education slowed down greatly. Only the schools attached to the churches continued to conduct a little bit of educational activity.
School education was born in 988. Vladimir Svyatoslavovich obliged the children of the boyars to study. So the first schools appeared: “Book Teaching”, schools at monasteries and private ones.
At this time, women’s education was born – the first women’s school was opened. However, the Tatar-Mongol yoke slowed down the process of education.
Schools in pre-Petrine Russia
Before Peter I, the development of education was slow. Occasionally, private schools were opened, and the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy was created – the first higher institution in the country.
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Schools were opened for noble boys aged 8-12, where education was based on special collections of school rules – “ABCs”. First, writing was studied, then the lessons became more diverse. In these educational institutions they studied “seven free arts”:
grammar,
dialectics,
rhetoric,
church singing,
surveying,
geography,
59 star science
Foreign languages (Latin, Greek) were taught in schools only by future priests and diplomats.
Education in pre-Petrine Russia developed slowly, however, new educational institutions, the first higher institution and a set of school rules appeared.
This, of course, has become an important step in the history of national education.
School education under Peter I
Significant changes in education occurred under Peter I. He carried out an education reform that affected many aspects in the development of schools in Russia:
In 1701 he opened a school of mathematical and navigational sciences. Boys of all classes studied there from the age of 12. After mastering the program, the children of poor parents went to serve, and the children of the boyars entered the “upper” school. Such young men learned German, geography and navigation.
In 1714 numbered schools appeared. Students studied mathematics and geometry in depth. By 1723 there were about 42 such schools in the country.
In 1724, Peter I founded the Academy of Sciences, but it opened a year later, after his death. The academy consisted of a gymnasium and a university. In the gymnasium, the children studied for 7 years, studied Latin, German and French, history and geography.
Under Peter the Great, a school reform took place – basic education became available to everyone except peasants. New subjects appeared in schools; in all educational institutions, emphasis was placed on mathematical knowledge.
Smolny Institute of Catherine II
Before Catherine II, in fact, only young men could study (Anna Vsevolodovna’s timid attempts do not count). In 1764, girls were also given the right to receive an education. The Empress opened the Smolny Institute – Educational Society for Noble Maidens:
At the age of 6–9, girls were taught mathematics, foreign languages, and creativity.
At the age of 9-12 the program included the study of history and geography.
At the age of 12, girls read cognitive literature, practiced housekeeping, learned the basics of physics, architecture and sculpture.
At the age of 15-18, the students completed their studies and repeated all the subjects, studied the law of God in depth.
Male education in Russia also received a new milestone under Catherine II. The gentry land cadet corps, founded in 1732, worked according to the new rules. Education for boys differed from women:
Boys studied from the age of 5 to 21 – a longer period of study.
The emphasis was on the exact sciences – physics, chemistry, military art.
Studied jurisprudence and state economy.
Under the influence of the French Enlightenment, young men were trained in dancing, creativity and fencing.
The merits of Catherine II: affordable education for girls, more rigorous education for boys with in-depth study of the exact sciences, the continuity of creative subjects among the French.
The school system of the 19th century in Russia
An important step towards improving education took place in 1802. Alexander I created the Ministry of Public Education, which determined the further history of the development of schools in Russia.
The charter of the ministry provided for the following educational institutions:
Parish schools for the poor. The training lasted 1 year. Pupils from the age of 6 studied reading, religion and writing. They were preparing to enter the county schools.
County schools accepted boys aged 7-8. The study lasted 2 years, the children studied about 15 subjects, including drawing, geometry, and arithmetic.
Gymnasiums. Only the children of the nobility could study in them in preparation for service or admission to the university. The training was rich: philosophy, economics, mathematics, ethics and much more. In the gymnasiums there were not only teachers, but also controllers who monitored behavior. In total, there were five gymnasiums in the country.
Universities were considered privileged educational institutions and functioned only in Moscow and St. Petersburg.
Another significant event in the history of the education system was the opening of the Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoye Selo in October 1811. Alexander Pushkin and other eminent people of that time studied there. The system of education was as follows:
Boys of the upper classes were admitted to the Lyceum from the age of 10-12. The term of study was 6 years.
Studied various subjects – physics, chemistry, languages, drawing, politics.
There was a clear daily routine, 7 hours were allotted for study, plus time for doing homework. Young men not only studied, but also lived in the lyceum.
In 1864, zemstvo schools were created, which operated on the basis of the regulation “On Primary Public Schools”:
Studying in zemstvo schools was free and lasted three years, was available to boys and girls from 8 years old.
Lessons were taught by teachers and priests. Classes were in the same room with one teacher.
Children studied religion, Russian language, church singing.
In the 19th century, a large-scale education reform was carried out in Russia.
There were privileged educational institutions (lyceums, gymnasiums, universities), which trained future diplomats and employees.
School of the Soviet period
The formation of the Soviet education system can be divided into the following stages:
In 1918, the “Regulations on a unified labor school” and the “Declaration on a unified labor school” were adopted. A ban on religious teachings has been introduced. The school became two-stage: the first stage taught children from 8 to 13 years old, the second – from 14 to 17 years old. Free labor schools were opened, where they studied writing, reading, mathematics, but the emphasis was on work.
B 19In the 30s, the school became authoritarian – the value of the individual was lost, and the main goal of education was the education of communists. At this time, compulsory primary education was introduced.
During the war years, education experienced a severe crisis – there were not enough teachers, educational literature, students worked in factories.
In 1958 school reform began. Education has become 10 years, and secondary education is compulsory.
Since 1980, children began to study 11 classes. A system of encouragement in the form of medals has been introduced.
Pedagogy of the Soviet period took shape in difficult times for the people, but went on an ascending line. It was in Soviet times that a system of education was formed, which we use for the most part until now.
A new school in Russia
In 2012, the current law “On Education” was adopted. It is considered one of the most democratic in the world, since it highlights such a form of education as family education. This is a very important stage in the history of education in Russia, which determined its further development. Nowadays, it is absolutely legal for a child not to attend a regular school with its class-lesson system, but to master the program on their own or in an online school.
Source: freepik. com
Foxford home online school has students from 47 countries. Classes are taught by teachers from Moscow State University, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Higher School of Economics. Lessons can be viewed in real time or recorded.
When, at what age to start teaching music to a child | e1.ru
Early child development has now become quite a fashionable trend. One of the areas of early child development is the question of musical activity. When to start a child’s musical education, how to prepare a child for a music school, what to do in order to develop a good ear for a child, etc. First, it is worth noting that advice here is hardly relevant, and the musical development of their children have to build themselves. But in order to plan how to develop a child, it is necessary to understand what are the functions of early musical education and what are the main milestones in the musical development of a child.
In addition to the obvious development of musicality, early contact with music has other side effects. This is general mental development, personal, physical and cognitive development. Firstly, music has the most important influence on the formation of personal qualities of a growing person. First of all, this happens due to the joint listening to musical works of an adult and a baby from birth. Adults are often surprised by this, but early musical development also has a beneficial effect on physical child development. In songs and games to music, children develop and coordinate movements. In addition, meeting with beautiful music contributes to the cognitive development of the baby. The child remembers the melody he likes, associates previously heard tunes with the situation, and the perception of music requires children to concentrate. The perception of music is an active activity, and not passive listening, as many parents believe. The development of musical perception implies the development of emotional responsiveness to music, which requires listening to a piece of music together with an adult. Parents should encourage children to be active while listening to music.
What is the logic behind the formation of the foundations of a child’s musical perception? The first thing the child reacts to is intonation in music, song. From the first months of life, the baby begins to catch the intonations of the people around him, which is closely related to the general development of speech. Try to pronounce the same expression or word with different intonation, and you will notice that your baby reacts differently to the same words pronounced with different intonation. For a child of the first or second year of life, intonation in music is enough to comprehend the musical image. That is why at an early age it is recommended to sing and learn songs with a child where the intonations of a question, answer, admiration, grief, etc. are important. But for a child of the third year of life, the intonation of music is not enough, he already needs to understand such elementary means of musical expressiveness as tone and power music sound. At this age, kids show interest in musical instruments and even try to learn how to produce sound. It would be good if the child had access to different musical instruments: wind (pipe, flute), percussion keyboards (children’s piano, metallophone, xylophone), percussion (tambourine, drum), strings (balalaika). Acquaintance with such instruments will allow children to distinguish the timbres of different musical instruments. In addition, parents should not forget that any objects with which the child can make any sounds should not be excluded from the child’s field of activity. This includes rattles, bells, spoons, dishes. You should not limit the sound-creating activity of the child just because you cannot stand loud sounds. See how yearlings like to bang a spoon on a plate or handles on the bottom of a pot. It is also worth noting that at an early age the child should be introduced to various music: from classical to disco. We dance differently to different music. Dancing with a child in our arms or by the hand, we convey to him a sense of rhythm and teach him to feel the music. Children with whom their parents dance and who are not restricted in their movement to the music will find it easier to study at a music school in the future. Once again, I would like to focus on the fact that early musical education implies not only the child’s acquaintance with instruments and music, but also the general development of the child’s psyche. If a child is not limited in his manifestations (movement, sound creation) and his environment is saturated (communication with adults and other children, access to musical instruments), his education in a music school is unlikely to be difficult, but will only be a joy to the child. After all, everything new attracts the child, and if this new thing becomes as beautiful as music, be sure that it will attract the child and become part of his spiritual life in the future.
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04 February 2013, 11:504 Early development of the child
09 November 2002, 12:31
PROTECTION OF PRODUCTION – perception
Olga Andrushchenko
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Новости РЎРњР?2
РќРѕРІРѕЃС‚Рё РЎРњР?2
Early Childhood Development School
Children aged 8 months to 3 years are accepted. Groups are formed at intervals of up to 6 months, for example, in a group, children are 1 year and 1.4 months old.
Classes are held 2 times a week. Duration 40 minutes (for children under 3 years old) .
Classes are conducted by experienced teachers of early childhood development, psychologists and speech therapists.
Each lesson is divided into parts and includes:
Development of fine motor skills (according to the method of M. Montessori).
Musical-rhythmic part (development of basic movements, coordination, ear for music).
Development of manual skills and creative abilities (appliqué, modeling, drawing with available means – the kid always leaves class with a handicraft).
Development of speech (articulatory gymnastics, logorhythm, sound games and expansion of the child’s vocabulary).
Development of memory, attention, thinking, acquaintance with letters (Zaitsev’s cubes) and counting activity.
Identification of early individual abilities.
Improving relationships with peers, adapting to kindergarten!
Classes are held in the form of a game, up to 2 years with the participation of parents. In a group of up to 7 children, an individual approach to each child.
The program is valid in all our centers!
REQUIRED TO HAVE
CHANGE SHOES
WET WIPES (LEVE WITH THE TEACHER)
WATER OR JUICE (OFFER YOUR BABY AFTER LESSON)
With my mother in class.
Instruction for attending the program “School of Early Development”.
According to the rules for visiting our center, children under two years of age attend our classes accompanied by an adult. A kid can come to class with mom, dad, grandmother, nanny, etc. (one accompanying person). This is primarily due to the emotional closeness of mother and baby. Unfamiliar surroundings, new toys, and even the behavior of other children can elicit a variety of reactions from the beginning student. Remember that the lesson cannot be held without your active participation, because. it is relatives who are the standard of behavior and create a sense of security.
Please note!
1. Don’t worry if your child doesn’t follow the teacher’s instructions or doesn’t move to the music in the first lesson, 1-year-olds need 2-3 weeks to adjust. Even passive observation of peers will not go unnoticed.
2. Bring some water or juice for your baby, wet wipes with you. Keep in mind that when working with paints or plasticine, the baby may get dirty.
3. Mute your cell phone during class, because the attention of young children is very unstable. Also, do not talk to other parents in the group during class.
4. If the baby is crying, take him in your arms, caress him, in extreme cases, go out the door and come back after a while. Also, react more calmly if the other child is naughty.
5. Respect the teacher, as It’s very hard to work with kids. If you are given simple homework assignments, try to complete them.
About the benefits of “developers”
Despite the real boom in early development that has recently hit us, many still believe that it is not necessary to take care of a baby. “Why deprive a child of childhood? Let it run better in the air, jump. Childhood is the most carefree and happiest time, there is no need to overshadow it. ”Or, they say, no one taught us, they came to school and learned everything. And nothing, no worse than others, and they even taught you.” As a rule, this can be heard from the lips of representatives of the older generation, who still live “the old fashioned way”, not seeing much point in spending long hours on the road and waiting in the corridors of the children’s center. And even if the mother does not agree with such arguments and begins to work with the child herself at home, she often lacks the experience and the most ordinary patience to build the correct learning process competently and without errors. She begins to get nervous, break down on the child, which can later lead to considerable problems. The kid becomes uncontrollable, nervous, and as a result gets neurosis and a strong aversion to classes.
Meanwhile, the main goal of training with a child is to instill in him the habit of learning in a playful and accessible way, to love the process of learning new things and to receive not only benefit, but also pleasure from it. It is these skills that will help him subsequently get used to the heavy workload at school, the difficult study schedule and easily join the peer group.
It is these skills that are first of all instilled in early development centers. And it is for them that wise parents will take their baby to such a center.
A good children’s center, with its well-thought-out educational and play environment, will help the child develop properly and fully reveal his abilities.
Developing classes with qualified, trained preschool specialists will form the child’s ability to concentrate, concentrate, as well as the ability to listen, hear and perceive what is heard. In a soft playful way, they will teach the child to learn and interact properly with teachers and peers.
And then all school difficulties will become nothing for the kid, and moms and dads will get rid of a lot of problems that will invariably arise in the near future for the parents of negligent, disobedient and unsuccessful students.
So do not waste your precious time, bring your child to our children’s development center “Joy”. The time spent in the classroom will not be wasted for the baby, and the parents will relieve themselves of a huge headache and responsibility for incorrect pedagogical methods.
Your success is our success!
Types of subpersonalities — Knife
Subpersonalities live in each of us, although outwardly we seem to be something monolithic.
On the first try, clients usually don’t understand the concept of subpersonalities and say, “No, I only have one ‘I’.” I agree with this, though with a caveat: “But there are many versions of it. And my task is to introduce you to them.”
When parts of our “I” change places, one of them comes to the fore, correcting our views and attitudes. Role reversal happens naturally in different circles, places, and circumstances, but as we spend most of our lives on autopilot, we usually don’t notice it.
One of your subpersonalities, for example, goes to work and performs official duties. If you think about it, you will notice that at work you feel and behave in a special way. In valuable workers who are praised and rewarded for their work, this part of the personality is very self-confident. Probably, under the control of this part of your “I”, you even move differently than in situations related to your private life. Now compare this part of yourself with the one you present to your family. The difference is very noticeable.
My client Mark, after listening to this, said:
— Wow! It seems you are right. My family part at work would not have survived at all, and my family part would not have tolerated the work part.
Mark worked for a Wall Street financial company in a highly competitive environment. In order to survive in such a job, he had to find a subpersonality capable of this. He himself described it as follows: “He does not take prisoners, he has no right to make mistakes and weakness.” Realizing for the first time that he had subpersonalities, he laughed:
– Wow, I never thought that I was actually two different people. Colleagues have no idea how plush I am at home with my wife and children.
The idea of subpersonalities disgusts and frightens many people. Some clients think that I am hinting at dissociative identity disorder, but there is nothing in common between it and subpersonalities. Dissociative identity disorder is a mental illness that occurs after physical, emotional or sexual abuse in childhood. Patients also have subpersonalities, but, in addition, they have problems with perception and there is a so-called dissociative amnesia. Such people lose track of time and do not remember what happened to them on a scale incomparable with simple forgetfulness.
There is an opinion that subpersonalities are not really parts of “I”, but only indicators of mood. However, throughout the long history of the development of psychological science, many theorists have successfully applied the concept of subpersonalities to explain the human mental structure. Freud’s id, self, and superego, or Jung’s complexes, illustrated how the mind processes experiences. Jung described the mind not as a single entity, but as an organism composed of independently acting subpersonalities. Gestalt therapy, transactional analysis, and cognitive behavioral therapy use similar schemas to describe internal processes. The famous psychologist Virginia Satir said that within each individual there is a “private party”. Of recent developments, it is worth mentioning Richard Schwartz’s model of the inner family.
In it, parts of the “I” are considered as components of a certain system – the inner family. Whatever one may say, we are made up of parts, both old-school specialists and modern researchers agree with this. My task is not to teach you the basics of psychology, but to explain how parts of your personality are arranged and how they affect interaction with a partner.
Let’s take a look at them. You not only go to work and stay at home, you also have other social contacts.
When you feel good, who are you at this time – an introvert or an extrovert? What side do you present in the course of disagreements? Do you fence off and run away or dig in and attack? What part of your personality do you show more often in relationships? Openness, love and compassion – or alienation?
Modern mass culture imposes a rainbow image of love, but everyone who has ever loved knows that it is far from reality. When you love, you open up completely. Love can gut a person and stop him from bleeding, which will require him to awaken all his subpersonalities. Brené Brown, in The Great Dare, writes about how fragile we feel when we open up to another person: “I define vulnerability as uncertainty, risk, and emotional openness. Let’s look at love from this point of view. Waking up every day with a feeling of love for someone in whose reciprocal love and reliability we are not sure who can stay or leave without warning, remain faithful all my life or betray tomorrow – this is vulnerability. In love, you know nothing in advance. This is a huge risk. When we love, we are subject to emotions. Yes, it’s scary, yes, we will probably be hurt later, but is it possible to imagine your life without loving and being loved?”
Yeah, after such a passage, try not to imagine. The universe has a clearly cynical and twisted sense of humor. You see, love, like nothing else, exposes not only our adult subpersonalities, but also deep old wounds. At the same time, everyone wants to love and be healed of childhood traumas. We are looking for love that we understand, most often the kind that we received from our parents. It doesn’t matter what we’ve experienced – a good relationship or a bad one, attachment or alienation, tenderness or toxicity – the main thing is that it’s already familiar. The subconscious desire to be healed leads us to transfer our childhood traumas into romantic relationships.
In response to this, the protective parts of our personality are activated. It is this process that is hidden behind the outer side of problems in a couple. Inside each of us sits the Offended Child, who is desperately protected by other subpersonalities. Let’s look at parts of our “I” separately, their tasks and motivations. This is the Offended Child, Protector and Inner Critic.
Offended Child
We are born naked and defenseless and ask, “Am I safe? I am loved? Am I important? Am I good enough?” In early childhood, we ask these questions non-verbally, and as adults, unconsciously, addressing them to parents, relatives and the immediate environment. Answers to them give us the meaning of existence and understanding of our place in the world.
If even one of these questions remains unanswered, there is an inner pain. When this happens time after time, it hurts us. As a result, a subpersonality appears, called the Inner, or Offended, Child.
Offended Child is one or more subpersonalities of a person who have not grown up and continue to suffer. These parts of our “I” are forever stuck in the past and doomed to an endless experience of traumatic experience. When the Offended Child comes to the fore, we feel helpless, we are overwhelmed by emotions.
Even before I started studying to be a psychotherapist, one morning, balancing between sleep and reality, I suddenly came into contact with my Abused Child. I saw how I, seven years old, was sitting in the front seat of the school bus, next to the driver, and my mother was standing on the steps. I can only see her top, but I can hear her voice well. The rest of the children listen in silence. Usually, parents weren’t allowed on the bus, and even less often was anyone talking to the driver, Mrs. Johnson, in a raised voice. But that’s exactly what my mom did.
– He will sit in front, with peers, and not in the back with hooligans. They bully him, I won’t stand it! If something does not suit you, please contact me, but do not dare to put him back. They are twice as old and behave inappropriately, he is still small,” my mother said.
The doors closed, mother remained at the bus stop. Silence reigned in the bus. Mrs. Johnson barked at me:
– March back! – and everyone hooted and cackled. I did not obey, and at her signal, one of her henchmen dragged me by the collar to an empty seat.
“What a weakling,” I muttered in my twenties half asleep. I recalled this incident more than once and always came to the same conclusion. A wave of shame rolled over me, and I thought what misery I was.
The offended Child within us keeps shameful secrets. Regardless of whether we were strongly offended or not, when we felt unloved or threatened, seemed to ourselves not good enough or unnecessary, we did not blame our parents for this, but considered ourselves flawed. And now we are ashamed of it. John Bradshaw, in Th e Shame Th at Binds You, summed up the Inner Child’s experience perfectly: We feel so terrible that we ourselves are disgusted to look at it, let alone show it to others.
Adults do not consider themselves children because they do not want to be weak, helpless and defenseless. But the Offended Child inside us is like an old wound that periodically hurts in bad weather. To some extent, we get used to discomfort. The pain is somewhere nearby, but it is hidden from prying eyes until you stumble upon it. Suppose at the age of six one of the parents stopped paying attention to you or disappeared altogether.
Because of this, your six-year-old subpersonality will always feel abandoned and horrified at the mere thought that a partner can leave or betray. When this part takes over, there is a feeling of defenselessness. Communication with a partner begins to seem fragile and insecure, annoyance appears that your partner may be less interested in a relationship than you. The offended Child warns of potential danger and signals that it is time to take protective measures. Usually we shut ourselves off from the feelings of the Offended Child, and we consider the Protector or Inner Critic to be part of ourselves. Unfortunately, protective measures prevent us from loving, thinking and listening. We shove the Inner Child far away, and he suffers in the dark depths of the subconscious. A traumatic childhood experience is repeated over and over and left unprocessed and unhealed.
Liz and John’s sexual problems are an example of the Inner Child coming to the fore.
John, an adult, shrunk down to the size of a little boy during a consultation in anticipation of punishment. Liz said so. I think this is not the first time that John reincarnated as a traumatized young version of himself.
John’s mother often scolded him and sometimes physically punished him. She lashed out at the kids every day, and as a psychologist, I guess she had borderline personality disorder. John said that she didn’t scream for a reason, but simply if he didn’t come across at the right time, so he tried to be quieter than water below the grass and please her in everything. If the storm could not be prevented, he would shrink and wait for it to pass. He began to avoid conflict at all costs, especially in relations with women. Now childhood trauma has shown itself in his marriage.
A long-standing fear of disappointing her mother, despite her efforts, made her way into her and Liz’s bedroom. When his wife was offended or angry at the lack of sex, John followed the usual strategy: shrink, freeze and wait for it to be over. Liz’s anger awakened in John not only the Offended Child, but also a pleasing subpersonality that helped him avoid suffering. Unfortunately, all this did not help satisfy the wife in bed.
For John, the answer to the question “Am I safe?” never been positive. This led to relationship problems and confrontation between the resentful and protective parts of Liz and John.
Defender
The offended Child has been shaped by childhood trauma, and the Defender’s goal is to prevent him from being hurt again. In the process of growing up, we learn self-defense by cultivating the corresponding subpersonalities in ourselves.
The defenders are waiting for the signal from the Offended Child. They realized that some fundamental needs were never satisfied, and their main task and the only purpose of existence is to protect the Offended Child. Defenders act like big brothers we didn’t have. When the outside world or our surroundings pose a danger to us, they come out and say, “Stop! Don’t you dare offend the Child!” A protector can set boundaries, say no, and help us get out of an unpleasant or risky situation.
Whatever the danger, the Protectors, like bodyguards, shield the Child with themselves. They perform an important task, but their uncontrolled guardianship does not allow us to form close ties.
In the case of Liz and John, the Protectors of both interfere with mutual understanding and greatly complicate the solution of sexual problems. At the consultation, John’s Advocate unsuccessfully tried to calm down and not provoke Liz. The more he tried to please her, the more angry she got. John was inadvertently broadcasting to her that her feelings didn’t matter, and it blew up her childhood trauma.
See also
Hero with a thousand faces. How does a whole family of subpersonalities coexist in each of us?
Liz’s parents did not encourage displays of affection. When her emotionality went beyond the unspoken norm, her parents pretended that nothing was happening. Instead of showing interest in the child’s living mind and her ability to challenge the unknown, her parents ignored her, ordered her to be quiet, punished her and did not talk to her. Liz learned that no one wanted her feelings. In response to the systematic traumatic treatment, the Offended Child appeared inside Liz. Later, when she matured and became independent, she formed a Protector. He fought for her everywhere, including in his relationship with John.
5 Reasons Why You Should Place Your Child in Daycare in 2021
Daycare centers are a popular childcare option where you drop off your child to be supervised, nurtured, and cared for by professional caregivers and teachers during the day. They are well-structured, formal childcare environments with specific times for dropping off and picking up your child.
Most Chicago daycares focus on childcare services for infants and toddlers as well as preschoolers. Others offer after-school, weekend, and before-school care services for school-going children. Regardless of your child’s age, it’s always difficult to put your little one in the care of someone else, let alone a center where many children are cared for in the same place.
Aside from a little case of separation anxiety, sending your infant or younger child to a daycare facility in Chicago can be incredibly beneficial to both you and your child. As a Chicago parent here are five worthwhile reasons to seriously consider taking your kid to daycare this year.
Reason #1: Taking Your Child to Daycare is Far Less Expensive than Hiring a Nanny
If luck is on your side, a relative (I see you grandma!) may agree to watch your little one, so you can dash to a dental appointment, run some errands, go on a date, or even go back to working nine-to-five. If you’re lucky, this won’t end up putting a major strain on your relationship.
Not everyone has a willing family member or relative who has the time to take care of your child, let alone for free. So, your next option is to hire a nanny, babysitter, or if possible, go dutch with another family for a nanny share service. Unfortunately, nannies and babysitters can cost a small fortune — especially if you need full-time childcare. The going hourly rates for a nanny in Chicago range from $11 to $20 (sometimes up to $25 per hour).
The cost of sending your child to a daycare center in Chicago, on the other hand, can often be more affordable than bringing in a babysitter or hiring a nanny. The center usually charges a flat rate for a full day of childcare and is capped at $46.49 per hour by the Illinois Department of Human Services (IDHS).
The actual price of daycare in Chicago may vary from facility to facility, depending on the type of center, its location in the city, and what is included in their services package. If you opt for family care (also referred to as an in-home daycare center), you can expect to pay the least for childcare. Overall, you can expect to pay an average of $894 per month, which is much cheaper than hiring a full-time nanny who can set you back an average of $2,250 monthly.
Reason #2: Vetted Daycare Centers Offer Better Quality of Childcare
Here’s another plausible reason to send your tot to an accredited, licensed, and regulated daycare facility in Chicago. In major cities, including Chicago, the state, federal government, and local authorities have outlined strict standards and regulations that govern child care facilities.
The state of Illinois mandates childcare requirements, such as a 1:3 caregiver-to-child ratio for daycare centers offering care for infants and toddlers under the age of 2. The state also dictates the maximum group size and level of training for caregivers & teachers at the center.
Together, these strict guidelines ensure that Chicago’s state-licensed daycares offer the best quality of care for your child. A study by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) backs this up. The research found that daycare centers that meet caregiver-to-child ratio, educational requirements, and maximum group sizes enforced by state regulators tend to have better outcomes, such as higher quality of care and increased social & cognitive development.
Reason #3: Daycare Helps Kids Kick off their Social Life on the Right Foot
At first, the highly interactive nature of the daycare environment may throw your child off, especially if your kid develops temporary separation anxiety. But when little ones get accustomed to the daycare setting, these interactions can make a significant positive impact on their social lives.
Learning, playtime, and generally interacting with their friends and caregivers can have huge benefits for your child’s social, cognitive, and emotional development. This high level of socialization can enable your child to grow and learn with peers, something that will serve them well for the rest of their lives. After all, it’s been scientifically proven that early social relationships can have a big impact on shaping one’s future life skills in communication, conflict resolution, and emotional intelligence.
Reason #4: Daycare Lays Foundation for Better School Life Ahead
Attending daycare not only provides opportunities for socialization and learning but can also lay a solid foundation for future school life. Children who attended daycare tend to be morally and educationally more disciplined — they’re less likely to act out, cause tantrums, or have behavioral issues in school.
This might have something to do with early interactions with others. In a daycare environment, kids usually learn to interact with adults and with their peers in a healthy way. This gives them the head start they need to develop proper social, emotional, and cognitive skills. For instance, learning how to make friends and solve conflicts amicably at a tender age can stick with you from kindergarten all through to college and even beyond.
Reason #5: Daycare Provides you with Opportunities to Meet Other Parents
Kids, as they say, don’t come with a manual—and it really helps to swap notes with other parents who may have better parenting solutions. It doesn’t hurt to meet, mingle, and perhaps strike up friendships with other like-minded parents.
For instance, if you drop off or pick up your kids with a certain Samuel almost every day, soon you will find yourself exchanging contacts. Who knows; the person might introduce you to the enchanting art culture of Chicago or get you a membership to an exclusive country club like the Ridgemoor.
That aside, surrounding yourself with other parents can provide you with the kind of support system you need to raise amazing kids. It all begins with choosing the right daycare center for your family’s needs.
Are you looking for a trusted, state-of-the-art daycare in Chicago? Schedule a tour at any of our locations today. Serving the Edgewater, Irving Park, Lakeview, North Park, Lincoln Square, Edison Park, and West Loop communities since 2010.
The Uncomfortable Truth about Daycare
Steven E. Rhoads
& Carrie Lukas
Summer 2016
Raising a child in America is more expensive today than it has ever been — more than $245,000, not including college tuition, according to the USDA — and supporting a family often requires two incomes. Even when it is not necessarily required of them, many women wish to use their educations to pursue lucrative, fulfilling careers. It should not be surprising that the majority of parents work outside the home, including the majority of mothers. Among married women, 57% with a child under the age of three worked at least part time in 2014, and nearly 74% of those women worked full time.
While there are obviously many good things to be said about the professional progress of women and the significant contributions they have made in their fields, good things tend to come with tradeoffs. More women in the workforce means that more children need some form of child care. (A small but growing minority of fathers in the United States stay at home with their children: 2 million fathers, or 16% of stay-at-home parents, in 2012. Over half of these men were either unemployed or disabled.) For many parents, decisions about work and child care are among the most difficult choices they must make.
These decisions are made all the more difficult by a lack of reliable research on daycare. There is more research than anyone needs on the dangers of certain fabrics used in car seats and backpacks or the risks of drinking from a garden hose or eating conventionally grown fruit. And sober examination of the actual findings of these studies consistently reveals that the risks are being exaggerated; unless a child eats the fabric on his backpack, he isn’t really at risk.
But when it comes to daycare — something that instinctively worries many parents — few are willing to take a hard look. The media, which seemingly report constantly on alarming new risks to children, rarely present the public with information from studies on the impact of daycare, especially when the findings suggest that daycare is associated with significant negative outcomes.
The reasons for this are several, and are understandable. Many reporters may be reluctant to highlight such studies because of the politically charged nature of the issue. Some may worry that acknowledging any downsides to daycare would impede the cause of women’s equality, by inviting people to conclude that children would be better off if mothers dropped out of the workforce. And many journalists send their kids to daycare, and therefore may be predisposed to overlook negative findings about a choice they have already made for their own children.
A deeper reason may be that the psychologists who study daycare have attempted to downplay or put a comforting spin on troubling findings. Just last year, an important study found that the culturally liberal outlook of almost all social psychologists had biased the studies and conclusions they reached. It is likely that a similar outlook, and in particular an unwillingness to present findings that may interfere with women’s progress in the workplace, has similarly harmed the work of developmental psychologists regarding daycare.
This bias and lack of information does a serious disservice to parents, who need to know about the best research in order to make fully informed choices for their families — even, and especially, if that research does not validate their biases. Politicians also need to know what the full range of research shows, especially as they consider policy reforms that could lead many families to change their decisions about how their children are cared for. President Barack Obama and presidential candidate Hillary Clinton have both called for increasing government’s financial support of paid child care, but it is not at all clear that increased use of child care would produce better results for children.
In fact, the available research suggests that heavy use of commercial daycare leads to some poor outcomes for many children. Subsidizing this form of child care effectively discourages the use of other arrangements that have not shown these negative effects. A better policy would help parents in a broader way, providing financial help regardless of families’ child-care choices.
Acknowledging evidence that daycare may have drawbacks is not meant to demonize parents using daycare. One of the authors of this essay, a mother of five, currently uses part-time daycare for her own children. Like millions of other parents, she believes it is the best option for her family in balancing different considerations such as cost, convenience, and the desire to support a work life as well as ensure the well-being of her children.
Instead, by presenting research that deserves more attention from psychologists, the media, public-policy analysts, and the public, we hope to help parents and policymakers make better, more informed decisions about daycare and child-care policies.
THE CONVENTIONAL WISDOM
The narrative accepted by the vast majority of current researchers has solidified in just the past decade or so. Earlier studies of daycare, even in the early 2000s, raised serious concerns about the greater risk of “externalizing” behavior — such as neediness, disobedience, and bullying — from children’s early and prolonged exposure to commercial daycare. Researchers now tend to emphasize how negative outcomes fade over time and are balanced out by cognitive gains for daycare children compared to those cared for at home.
One of the largest of the more recent studies, “First-Year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First Seven Years,” was led by Jeanne Brooks-Gunn and Jane Waldfogel of Columbia University and Wen-Jui Han of New York University and published in 2010. As the title suggests, this study focused on maternal employment, not paid daycare per se, but the two subjects are clearly related, since women often use paid daycare when they return to work after the birth of a child. The report closes with this reassuring conclusion regarding the effects of first-year maternal employment on child well-being:
[Our results] indicate that, on average, the associations between first-year maternal employment and later cognitive, social, and emotional outcomes are neutral, because negative effects, where present, are offset by positive effects. These results confirm that maternal employment in the first year of life may confer both advantages and disadvantages and that for the average non-Hispanic white child, those effects balance each other.
This finding — that babies and young children essentially enjoy no benefit from being cared for full time by mothers — was reported by the press as good news. The Washington Post write-up of the study quoted Greg Duncan, then-president of the Society for Research in Child Development, explaining the new study’s importance: “[It] is ‘every bit as important as you might think,’ because it suggests mothers can decide, without guilt, ‘whether they want to stay home with their children.'”
Yet the details of the study paint a more complicated picture. The authors’ summary conclusions focus on the effects of any “maternal employment” in the “first year.” But the data in the report suggest that when mothers went back to work made a difference: Starting work in the first three months of the baby’s life (and, in some analyses, in the first six or nine months) led to more externalizing behavior. Since 70% of mothers in the sample who worked at all in the first year went back to work in the first three months, highlighting the risks for mothers who go back to work early seems important.
It also mattered whether mothers worked full time as opposed to part time. The authors write, “When we contrast the effects of [full-time] vs. [part-time] employment in the first year, we find that in several instances, [part-time] employment is associated with significantly lower levels of child externalizing behavior problems at 36 months, 54 months, and first grade.”
These findings would support the results of earlier studies on the impact of maternal employment and daycare on externalizing behavior. In a 2002 study titled “Quantity Counts: Amount of Child Care and Children’s Socioemotional Development,” Jay Belsky concluded that “early” and “extensive” non-maternal care posed “developmental risks for young children.” Much of the evidence in the 2010 report seems to support Belsky, though, as presented, the general conclusions of the report seem to suggest the opposite.
When asked what he thought, Belsky was quite critical of both the study and the reporting:
All investigators have to make decisions when it comes to analyzing data, but so many of theirs were questionable. What to me was striking was that while the Post and other papers played up this report, they virtually ignored the one we published 2 months earlier showing both good and bad child care effects on adolescent functioning at age 15 years, including more time in child care through the first 54 months of life, irrespective of quality or type of care, predicting more risk taking behavior and impulsivity.
Both Belsky’s 2002 study and his more recent report on daycare’s lingering consequences contradict popular assumptions about daycare’s neutral or fading effects — and have been largely ignored. In fact, many of the most interesting, persuasive, and methodologically sound studies get very little attention.
RESEARCH CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
The problem is due in part to the methodological challenges presented by the subject matter. It is difficult to get reliable data about the effects of child care: Researchers will never be able to perform controlled experiments because parents will never agree to randomly assign their children to home care or institutional daycare. Therefore, most American psychologists use data provided by the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD), which is funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The SECCYD is a prospective, longitudinal study that includes detailed assessments of child care — including the amount and timing, quality, and types of care settings — for more than 1,300 children who have been studied from birth through their teens.
Much time and money has gone into the SECCYD research, which is impressive in many ways. Nonetheless, what results from the use of this data set are observational studies, which are unfortunately not very strong methodologically. For example, the Washington Post recently reported that observational studies seemingly showing that eating breakfast helps one lose weight have been overturned by more controlled experiments. As reporter Peter Whoriskey explains, this is a common phenomenon:
Relying on observational studies has drawn fierce criticism from many in the field, particularly statisticians.
S. Stanley Young, former director of bioinformatics at the National Institute of Statistical Sciences has estimated that for observational studies in the medical field, “over 90 percent of the claims fail to replicate” — that is they cannot be replicated later by more exacting experiments.
Because of the unreliability of observational studies like those based on the SECCYD data, scientists prefer randomized, controlled trials. But, as mentioned above, such experiments on daycare will never occur because parents will never agree to subject their own children to a randomized trial for child care. But there is research that, while not randomized, yields many of the benefits of strict experimental design, and those studies deserve serious attention.
For example, nearly two decades ago, Quebec instituted a major shift in child-care policy, which created an opportunity for researchers to examine the impact of the policy change and resulting changes in daycare use on children and families. In 1997, Quebec introduced full-day kindergarten for all five-year-olds and heavily subsidized daycare for four-year-olds, so that parents only had to pay $5 per day out of pocket. The provision of $5-a-day child care was extended to three-year-olds in 1998, two-year-olds in 1999, and all babies up to age two in 2000. The program increased child-care use in Quebec by more than one-third.
There have been several studies assessing the impact of this program. The first article, “Universal Childcare, Maternal Labor Supply, and Family Well-Being,” went on to win the 2009 Doug Purvis Memorial Prize for the most significant written contribution to Canadian economic policy. The article concludes as follows:
We report striking evidence that children’s outcomes have worsened since the program was introduced. We also find suggestive evidence that families we study became more stressed with the introduction of the program. This is manifested in increased aggressiveness and anxiety for the children; more hostile, less consistent parenting for the adults; and worse adult mental health and relationship satisfaction.
The 2010 study on first-year maternal employment and child development, discussed earlier, which concluded that early maternal employment had a neutral effect on children, cited 250 articles. It is remarkable — and suggestive of a disturbing selectivity by the researchers — that this article on Quebec daycare published in 2008, and disseminated as a National Bureau of Economic Research paper in 2005, was not among the 250.
More recent studies confirm the profound negative effects of the Quebec child-care program. For example, a March 2014 study published by the Canadian Labour Market and Skills Researcher Network explored how age factored into the negative effects observed from Quebec’s daycare program. These researchers (like others) uncovered widespread negative consequences, but they emphasized that earlier exposure to the child-care system resulted in larger problems. They wrote:
The estimates indicate that on average, children who gain access to subsidized child care at earlier ages experience significantly larger negative impacts on motor-social developmental scores, self-reported health status and behavioral outcomes including physical aggression and emotional anxiety.
Only children from lower socio-economic backgrounds who started child care at age three appeared to benefit in terms of development scores; the authors note that this suggests society would benefit from targeting assistance for early-education and care programs at less-advantaged children especially after age three, rather than universal daycare subsidies.
The results of the first of these two Quebec studies were confirmed by a 2015 follow-up study by the same authors, which found that some of the negative effects observed among younger children exposed to the Quebec system persisted and even increased into the teen years. While the researchers found that the introduction of the Quebec daycare program had “little impact on cognitive test scores,” they found that the program’s negative effects on non-cognitive skills appear to strongly persist into school years, and in many instances grow larger as children get older. Problems such as anxiety, aggression, and hyperactivity were worse in older children than younger ones exposed to the Quebec system. Moreover, there was “a worsening of both health and life satisfaction among those older youths exposed to the Quebec child care program.”
The study’s most startling discovery is that the program appears to have driven an increase in criminal behavior among teens:
[A]s cohorts in Quebec were more exposed to the program, their crime rates rose relative to the rest of Canada….More exposed cohorts have higher differential crime rates at every age….The estimates…indicate sizeable effects on crime rates. For accused, we estimate a rise of 300 crimes per 100,000 children, compared to a mean of 7,970 crimes. This is a rise of 3.7 percent. The result is slightly higher in percentage terms for convictions per 100,000 (4.6 percent).
These troubling findings from rigorous, scientific research should not be ignored, especially as politicians in the United States consider instituting daycare subsidies for everyone. It is clear that there is something about daycare, especially for very young children, that is not as neutral as we’d like to think.
THE BIOLOGICAL DIMENSION
So what could explain these profound, lasting negative effects of daycare? One potential explanation comes from studies of the stress hormone cortisol.
Professors Harriet Vermeer and Marinus van IJzendoorn conducted a meta-analysis of nine daycare studies examining trajectories in the stress hormone cortisol. Their article concludes:
Our main finding was that at daycare children display higher cortisol levels compared to the home setting. Diurnal patterns revealed significant increases from morning to afternoon, but at daycare only….Age appeared to be the most significant moderator of this relation. It was shown that the effect of daycare attendance on cortisol excretion was especially notable in children younger than 36 months. We speculate that children in center daycare show elevated cortisol levels because of their stressful interactions in a group setting.
Further discussion of one of these nine studies shows why cortisol may help explain the worrying findings on stress, behavior, and daycare. A group of researchers at the University of Minnesota studied 55 children in full-day daycare centers. They monitored the levels of cortisol in children’s saliva when they spent the day at the daycare center and when they spent the day at home. The authors found a “significant effect of setting (home vs. child care),” with cortisol rising significantly when children were in daycare, while no similar increase was seen among children at home. Toddlers appeared particularly vulnerable, as the authors found: “Among the infants (3-16 months), 35% showed a rise in cortisol across the child care day, whereas among the toddlers (16-38 months), 71% showed a rise.”
Should we be worried by these findings? On the one hand, the authors note,
Elevated cortisol levels are often interpreted as boding ill for physical and emotional health. During periods of rapid brain development, contact with parents prevents elevations in cortisol, and this has been interpreted as nature’s way of protecting the developing brain from the potentially deleterious effects of this steroid.
Moreover, in research on animals, “there is strong evidence that early experiences shape the reactivity and regulation of neurobiological systems underlying fear, anxiety, and stress reactivity.” Daily exposure to even relatively minor stressors in infant animals leads to adult animals who exhibit heightened fearfulness and greater vulnerability to stressors.
On the other hand, the authors find it somewhat reassuring that the older daycare toddlers show smaller increases in cortisol throughout the day than do younger toddlers and older preschool children, and that when daycare kids are at home on the weekend their cortisol does not rise throughout the day. Disturbingly, the authors are also reassured by the misleading conclusions of the many published reports claiming that daycare provides cognitive and social benefits. They write:
Potential negative impacts on social or cognitive development seem unlikely given the overwhelming evidence from studies of center-based child care showing that these settings, when of good quality, stimulate cognitive and social development.
On balance, the authors conclude that “we do not know if there are adverse effects from chronic but small context-dependent elevations in cortisol for young children.” They call for more empirical research.
Taken together, the studies on the Quebec child-care program and on cortisol levels show negative effects from daycare at the time of children’s daycare experience as well as lasting negative outcomes that persist into the teen years, which certainly calls into question the commonly offered conclusion that daycare appears to be “neutral,” with positive and negative effects cancelling each other out. Rather, this research suggests that younger children in particular are vulnerable to lasting harm from daycare, especially when exposed early. That is something parents and policymakers deserve to know.
OPTIONS FOR PARENTS AND POLICYMAKERS
The Washington Post opened an August 2015 article with the following finding: “More than three-quarters of mothers and half of fathers in the United States say they’ve passed up work opportunities, switched jobs or quit to tend to their kids, according to a new Washington Post poll.” Readers are invited to view these facts as evidence of a crisis rather than a description of parents making work-family decisions that best meet their needs and those of their children.
Mothers and fathers value time spent with their families, and they think the time spent together is good for their children’s well-being. They are also skeptical about daycare. For example, a 2014 Pew survey found that 60% of Americans think it is best for children if one parent stays home. And a March 2013 Pew study found that just 16% of parents say having a mother who works full-time is best for children. In 2000, Public Agenda surveyed parents with children five and under, and 63% disagreed with the following statement: “A top-notch day care center can provide care as good as what a child would get from a stay-at-home parent.” Public Agenda also found that
80% of young mothers ages 18-29 — women who grew up when mothers worked outside the home and nonparental child care became more commonplace — say that they themselves would prefer to stay at home to care for their young children rather than work full-time.
Rather than incentivizing the use of paid child care, policymakers ought to focus on providing more support for parents, particularly those with lower incomes, to make it easier for them to raise their children based on their own preferences, whether that means keeping a parent at home or paying for child care.
Robert Stein has argued persuasively in these pages that parents currently receive too little tax relief, given the expenses that they incur in raising a child and the importance of that investment for society. He estimates that the average middle-class household gets about a $1,550 tax reduction for each child, which is a small fraction of the considerable expenses associated with childrearing. A substantial increase in the dependent-child tax credit would help parents across the board, regardless of the type of child-care arrangement they prefer. This financial relief may make it possible for some parents working full-time to switch to part-time work or even stay home, while also providing financial assistance to those paying for daycare.
Since the odds of the aggressive behavior that can result from time in daycare go up as the hours of daycare increase, this movement toward more part-time work would not just please the parents directly involved. As more full-time working parents become part-time working parents, the stress, anxiety, and aggression in some children may ease, and classroom disruption later on should become less likely.
An increase in the dependent tax credit would also support stay-at-home mothers — a group that has grown from 23% of all mothers in 1999 to 29% of mothers in 2012. Since two-parent, single-earner families make substantially less income than two-earner families, and since these families are making financial sacrifices to make possible what they think and what the public thinks is the best child care for young children, why should they not benefit from any increased subsidies for families with children?
Increasing the dependent tax credit substantially would be expensive, and policymakers should consider how to further target that relief to those who need it most. Under current law, most of the working poor do not benefit from the existing dependent tax credit because they do not earn enough to pay income taxes. Making the credit apply to Social Security taxes, as well as income taxes, as has been proposed by Senators Marco Rubio and Mike Lee, would support the needs of the working poor. Moreover, since concerns about daycare are focused on children under the age of three and the youngest children often require the most financial sacrifices, the dependent deduction could be increased solely for families with children under age three.
There are many forms such new policies could take to create significant benefits for families, especially those with young children. But it is clear that any good policy should offer flexible assistance to families so they can make their own decisions about work and child care.
HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY
Parents care about their children’s well-being and must balance the benefits associated with more income against the benefits of staying home to take care of them. But good decision-making on the part of both families and policymakers depends on clear-eyed, honest assessments of the best scientific research — no matter how difficult the conclusions may be. Researchers must be honest with themselves and with their readers about what their data really show, especially when the results contradict popular opinion. The well-being of future generations is too important to continue making individual decisions and public policies with skewed information.
The media have an important role to play in this, and shouldn’t shy away from presenting reliable research, even if the findings make them and their readers uncomfortable. Ignoring studies like those we’ve highlighted here is a disservice to policymakers, the public, parents, and — most importantly — the children themselves. The public deserves to have a robust debate about the best ways to help parents and create an environment for children to thrive.
Carrie Lukas is the managing director of the Independent Women’s Forum.
Steven E . Rhoads is professor of politics emeritus at the University of Virginia. He is the author of Taking Sex Differences Seriously and The Economist’s View of the World.
Daycare Benefits – 7 Reasons Kids To Enroll
Abby StepanekPrograms & Activities, Youth Development
Studies have shown that children, including babies and infants from the ages of 6 months to 4 years, benefit from the daycare environment, including its quality instruction, structure and social lessons.
There are many benefits that daycare provides to your little ones, but we’ve compiled a list of the top seven.
Regular Schedule and Activities
Daycares follow a consistent schedule every day, even for the youngest children. Structured times for eating, playing and napping make up part of the daily routine here. For the slightly older kids, fun activities like songs and storytelling help stimulate intellectual growth and development. The structured day ensures that once you pick your kid up from daycare, their behavior isn’t all over the place. This is because their whole day has followed a structured and organized schedule.
Academic Advancement
Children participating in a daycare program are exposed to a structured curriculum that follows guidelines set forth by the state and helps improve their academic development. The National Institute of Childhood Health And Human Development found that children placed in daycare had better language and cognitive development during the first four-and-a-half years of life. And a 2016 study found that by age 5, children who attended formal childcare programs had substantially stronger reading and math skills relative to similar children who attended informal, home-based childcare settings.
Behavior Improvement
Studies have shown that children who attend high-quality childcare exhibit better behavior than kids who don’t. Children who attend daycare learn social skills through constant interaction with other children all day. They develop problem-solving skills and experience fewer peer-related difficulties. This doesn’t just stop at daycare. The social skills they learn in daycare “may improve children’s emotional and cognitive development, prevent later emotional difficulties and promote prosocial behaviors” according to Dr. Maria Melchior, author of a research study on the effects of daycare on children’s behaviors. These skills last into grade school and beyond.
Stronger Immune System
It may seem like kids in daycare are always sick and rightfully so with all the germs that are being carried by multiple children, all sharing the same toys. But all those early childhood sniffles pay off down the road by toughening up your child’s immune system. Similar to vaccines, exposure to germs and diseases when they are in daycare helps your kids to be better able to fight off illnesses as they grow older. In short, they’re getting it all out of their system now so they can grow into healthy adults.
Social Interaction
While the dream may be to stay home every day with your kid and spend quality mommy-me time with them, the social interaction they will get from a daycare center is far more valuable. In daycare, children learn to share, resolve arguments and play well with others. They also make friends and adopt skills that help them later on in life. They also learn to become better at communicating. One key to effective communication is adjusting your speech based on who you’re talking to. A study found that kids who were placed in daycare were able to adjust their communication style to peers when playing a two-person game—likely because of their exposure to a greater variety of social situations.
Easier Transition to Grade School
Daycare is a structured and supervised environment. While it may be more laid back than traditional schooling, it still follows a schedule including snack times, engaging learning activities and playtimes. Your kid will follow a similar schedule once they start Kindergarten and progress through grade school. Research has found that after going to daycare, kids found it easier to adjust to formal schooling.
Increased Parent Involvement
Dropping your kid off at daycare may feel like the opposite of being a caring and involved parent, but researchers at the University of Texas at Austin studied 1,300 children and found that moms whose kids were cared for in daycare centers were more likely to be involved in their children’s schools starting in kindergarten—even more likely than mothers who cared for their kids themselves. That participation included everything from being in regular communication with teachers to attending an open house and forging friendships with other parents. So, daycare can provide you more benefits than just allowing you to work a 9-5 job!
Choosing a daycare may be a difficult decision for many parents, but the benefits are clear. The YMCA has multiple full- and part-time daycare options available all across the Greater Cincinnati area. Contact us see how the Y can help give your child the best daycare environment to grow and thrive in.
daycare, ymca care, kids care
Measuring the Long-Term Effects of Early, Extensive Day Care
In 1997, when Quebec, Canada, launched full-day, year-round child care for all children under age 5, the title of its policy brief read, “Children at the heart of our choice.” The assumption, of course, was that government-subsidized, universal day care would provide all children the potential for a “healthy start” in life, while simultaneously enabling many more women to enter the workforce and increase their earning potential.
Within 10 years, comprehensive analyses of the universal, “$5 per day childcare” program, including its impact on child care use, employment patterns, and children’s and parent outcomes, suggested cause for concern. Social development among children, as indicated by both emotional and behavioral measures, had significantly deteriorated in Quebec, relative to the rest of Canada (10% of a standard deviation lower). Comparisons between children ages 2 to 4 who had been exposed to the program, with older children (and siblings) who had not, revealed significant increases in anxiety, hyperactivity, and aggression in those exposed to the program. And the analyses found more hostile, inconsistent parenting, and lower-quality parental relationships among parents of children exposed to the program. But it was hard to predict whether the negative outcomes identified for 2- to 4-year-olds would persist across their development, or simply dissipate.
For decades, early intervention programs for children from high-risk environments, such as Head Start, the Perry Preschool Project, and the Abecedarian Project, had explored whether intensive positive intervention in a child’s early years actually carried through to adulthood by improving economic outcomes and lowering incidence of criminal behavior. Evidence suggested that some of these positive effects did persist in adulthood. But would the same be true of negative outcomes associated with exposure to programs in early childhood?
Twenty years after the Quebec program’s implementation, a second set of comprehensive analyses were conducted by Michael Baker, Jonathan Gruber, and Kevin Milligan (forthcoming, in the American Economic Journal). After replicating the previous results for children ages 0 to 4, the authors explored whether the negative outcomes associated with exposure to Quebec’s early, extensive day care program persisted into ages 5 to 9, the pre-teen years, adolescence, and young adulthood.
Their research confirmed that the negative effects did continue, and in some cases became stronger across development. Among 5 to 9-year-olds, negative social-emotional outcomes not only persisted, but in some cases increased, as indicated by 24% of a standard deviation increase in anxiety, a 19% increase in aggression, and a 13% in hyperactivity. The impact on boys and children with the most elevated behavioral problems was stronger, especially in measures of hyperactivity and aggression.
Using a specific type of regression analyses based on what is called “The Recentered Influence Function” (RIF), Baker, Gruber, and Milligan found that the “primary impact” of the Quebec program was to increase behavioral problems especially “for those who already had high scores.”
Source: M. Baker, J. Gruber, & K. Milligan, “The Long-Run Impacts of a Universal Child Care Program,” 11/8/18 Copyright American Economic Association; reproduced with permission of the American Economic Journal: Economic Policy.
For youth and young adults, ages 12 to 20, analyses of self-reported general health and life satisfaction indicated that negative social-emotional outcomes associated with exposure to the daycare program persisted into young adulthood. The most striking finding was a “sharp and contemporaneous increase in criminal behavior” for those exposed to the universal day care program compared to their peers in other provinces. Though crime rates in Quebec are lower than the rest of Canada, there was a significant increase in crime accusation and conviction rates for those cohorts exposed to the Quebec child care program. There was an increase of 19% in the average rate of criminal accusations and an increase of 22% in the average rate of criminal convictions. As with the 5- to 9-year-old measures, the impact on criminal behavior was greater for boys, and for those who already had elevated behavioral problems.
Source: M. Baker, J. Gruber, & K. Milligan, “The Long-Run Impacts of a Universal Child Care Program,” 11/8/18 Copyright American Economic Association; reproduced with permission of the American Economic Journal: Economic Policy
Baker, Gruber, and Milligan acknowledge that there is some evidence of positive impacts from universal child care programs in certain nations for children of certain ages. But in most cases, the benefits are primarily for less-advantaged children. As they conclude, “There is little clear evidence that these programs provide significant benefits more broadly.”
The timing and extent of the Quebec child care program provided the unique opportunity to comprehensively evaluate the implications of a universal day care program on many children from childhood to young adulthood. Importantly, the findings from the Quebec program are largely consistent with findings from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development’s comprehensive evaluation of day care in the United States. That study, which followed the same 1,364 children every year from birth, found that extensive hours in day care early in life predicted negative behavioral outcomes throughout development, including in the final assessments done when the children were 15 years old.
By age four-and-a-half, extensive hours in day care predicted negative social outcomes in every area including social competence, externalizing problems, and adult-child conflict, generally at a rate three times higher than other children. In caregiver reports of behavioral problems, only 2% of children who averaged less than 10 hours per week of day care during the first four years of life had at-risk scores, while as much as 18% of children who averaged more than 30 hours per week did. Family economic status, maternal education, quality of child care, and caregiver closeness did not moderate these effects. But would those effects persist?
By third grade, children who had experienced more hours of non-maternal care were rated by teachers as having fewer social skills and poorer work habits. More time in day care centers specifically predicted more externalizing behaviors and teacher conflict, too. Hours spent in day care centers specifically continued to predict problem behaviors into sixth grade. But by age 15, extensive hours before age four-an-a-half in any type of “nonrelative” care predicted problem behaviors, including risk-taking behaviors such as alcohol, tobacco, and drug use, stealing or harming property, as well as impulsivity in participating in unsafe activities, even after controlling for day care quality, socioeconomic background, and parenting quality. And much like the findings for the Quebec childcare program, the statistical effects linking day care hours with problem behaviors at age four-and-a-half were nearly the same as the statistical effects at age 15.
As with the persistence of negative effects across development, there is also evidence for the persistence of positive effects when children are exposed to the highest quality daycare. Higher adult-child ratios and more sensitive and positive caregiving in day care have consistently been associated with better cognitive performance and fewer behavioral problems in children. Some of those positive effects appear to be lasting. Findings from the NICHD-SECC found that higher quality child care was associated with a significant increase in cognitive-academic achievement scores at age 15 for children who experienced the highest levels of quality. And later research evaluating a subsample of these students found that the highest quality child care predicted higher grades and admission to more selective colleges after high school graduation. The effects were small but consistent across the outcomes from kindergarten through 12thgrade, confirming that the positive effects of high-quality child care can persist across development.
But, as research on the Quebec program found, the highest level of quality can be hard to secure. In 2005, 60% of the universal day care program sites in Quebec were judged to be of “minimal quality.” Just one-quarter of the sites provided care that met the standards necessary to qualify as good, very good, or excellent. Such findings are comparable to many other developed countries, confirming just how challenging it is for children to have access to the quality of care necessary for persistent positive gains over the long run. And these small gains have to be weighed against the risks of spending extensive hours in day care. The comprehensive evaluation of day care quality done in the NICHD-SECC found that extensive hours in day care early in life predicted negative behavioral outcomes throughout childhood and in to adolescence, even after controlling for day care quality, socioeconomic background, and parenting quality.
If our children are “at the heart of our choice,” then the research confirming that children exposed to early, extensive day care are at risk for social-emotional and behavioral challenges must be taken seriously. In the last decade, more sophisticated analytical methods have allowed social scientists to identify “cascade effects” showing how social behavioral challenges in early life predict challenges with academic competence in adolescence, which then predicts other social-emotional challenges in young adulthood. Other research identifying “cascade effects,” found that lower academic competence at ages 4 to 5 predicted social-emotional problems at ages 6 to 7, which then predicted social-behavioral problems at ages 12 to 13, followed by greater depression at age 16.
Clearly, more research is needed to understand the implications of extensive hours of day care in early life across development and into young adulthood. What we do know suggests that extensive time spent in non-maternal care in early life has effects that persist across the entire course of development. Though the effects may appear small, they matter in the lives of individual children, and they matter in the collective consequences to communities and society at large.
Jenet Erickson is an affiliated scholar of the Wheatley Institution at Brigham Young University.
Child Care Definitions and Exemptions – New York
Definitions
Child Day Care
Child day care means care for a child on a regular basis provided away from the child’s residence for less than 24 hours per day by someone other than the parent, step- parent, guardian or relative within the third degree of consanguinity of the parents or stepparents of such child. A relative within the third degree of consanguinity of the parent or step-parent includes: the grandparents of the child; the great-grandparents of the child; the great-great-grandparents of the child; the aunts and uncles of the child, including the spouses of the aunts and uncles; the great-aunts and great-uncles of the child, including the spouses of the great-aunts and great-uncles; the siblings of the child; and the first cousins of the child, including the spouses of the first cousins. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 413.2(a)(1).
Child Day Care Centers
Child day care center means a program or facility which is not a residence in which child day care is provided on a regular basis to more than six children for more than three hours per day per child for compensation or otherwise, except those programs providing care as a school-age child care program as defined in this Section. The name, description or form of the entity which operates a child day care center does not affect its status as a child day care center. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 413.2(b)(1).
Family Day Care Homes
Family day care home shall mean a program caring for children for more than three hours per day per child in which child day care is provided in a family home for three to six children. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 413.2(b)(2).
Group Family Day Care Homes
Group family day care home shall mean a program caring for children for more than three hours per day per child in which child day care is provided in a family home for seven to twelve children of all ages, except for those programs operating as a family day care home, which care for seven or eight children. A group family day care program may provide child day care services to four additional children if such additional children are of school age and such children receive services only before or after the period such children are ordinarily in school or during school lunch periods, or school holidays, or during those periods of the year in which school is not in session. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 413.2(b)(3).
School Age Child Care
School-age child care program means a program or facility which is not a residence in which child day care is provided to an enrolled group of seven or more children under 13 years of age during the school year before and/or after the period such children are ordinarily in school or during school lunch periods. School-age child care programs also may provide care during school holidays and those periods of the year in which school is not in session, including summer vacation. Such programs must operate consistent with the local school calendar. The name, description or form of the entity which operates a school-age child care program does not affect its status as a school-age child care program. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 413.2(b)(4).
Small Day Care Centers
Small day care center means a program or facility which is not a residence in which child day care is provided to three through six children for more than three hours per day per child for compensation or otherwise. The name, description or form of the entity which operates a small day care center does not affect its status as a small day care center. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 413.2(b)(5).
Exemptions
General Exemptions
Waivers
A written waiver of one or more non-statutory requirements of this Part or of Part 414, 416, 417 or 418 may be issued by the Office to an applicant or a licensee or registrant at the time of application or subsequent to the issuance of a license or registration. Licensees or registrants must operate in full compliance with the regulations at all times prior to the issuance of a written waiver.
An applicant or licensee or registrant must submit to the Office a written request for a waiver on forms provided by the Office, or approved equivalents. This written application must include:
the specific regulation for which a waiver is sought;
the reason the waiver is necessary; and
a description of what will be done to achieve or maintain the intended purpose of the regulation and to protect the health, safety and well-being of children.
The Office may require the applicant, licensee or registrant to make physical plant modifications or adopt special methods or procedures to protect the health, safety and wellbeing of children before a waiver is granted pursuant to this subdivision.
Written approval for a waiver will be granted only upon a determination by the Office that the proposed waiver will not adversely affect the health, safety or well-being of children, and that the purpose of the regulation which is waived will be met. Waivers may be time limited, at the discretion of the Office.
Failure to adhere to the terms of the waiver will result in rescission of the waiver and may constitute sufficient cause for the Office to deny, revoke, suspend or limit a license or registration. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 413.6.
Child Day Care
Child day care does not refer to care provided in:
a summer day camp, traveling summer day camp or children’s overnight camp as defined in the State Sanitary Code;
a program for school-age children operated solely for the purpose of religious education, sports, classes, lessons or recreation;
a facility providing day services under an operating certificate issued by the Office;
a facility providing day treatment under an operating certificate issued by the Office of Mental Health or by the Office for People with Developmental Disabilities; or
a kindergarten, pre-kindergarten or nursery school for children three years of age or older, or a program for school-age children conducted during non-school hours, operated by a public school district or by a private school or academy which is providing elementary or secondary education or both in accordance with the compulsory education requirements of the Education Law, provided that such kindergarten, pre- kindergarten, nursery school or program is located on the premises or campus where the elementary or secondary education is provided. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 413.2(a)(2).
See General Exemptions above.
Child Day Care Centers
The provisions of Part 413 of this Title apply to this Subpart. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 418-1.1. (See Exemptions for Child Day Care).
See General Exemptions above.
Family Day Care Homes
The provisions of Part 413 of this Title apply to this Part. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 417.1. (See Exemptions for Child Day Care).
See General Exemptions above.
Group Family Day Care Homes
The provisions of Part 413 of this Title apply to this Part. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 416.1. (See Exemptions for Child Day Care).
See General Exemptions above.
School Age Child Care
The provisions of Part 413 of this Title apply to this Part. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 414.1. (See Exemptions for Child Day Care).
See General Exemptions above.
Small Day Care Centers
The provisions of Part 413 of this Title apply to this Subpart. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 18, § 418-2.1. (See Exemptions for Child Day Care).
See General Exemptions above.
Current through August 2017. For a PDF of the 50-state dataset, click here (this is a large document – you may need to use the zoom function in order to read it).
Making it a Good Experience
Day Care: Making it a Good Experience
No. 20; Updated October 2017
Child and adolescent psychiatrists recognize that the ideal environment for raising a small child is in the home with parents and family. Some experts recommend a minimum of six or more months leave for parents after a child is born to promote bonding. Intimate daily parental caretaking of infants for the first several months of life is particularly important. Since the ideal environment often is not possible if parents have to return to work, the role of day care has to be considered. Experts agree that when day care is used in the first years of a child’s life, the quantity and quality of the day care have significant impact on the child’s emotional and physical development.
Before choosing a day care environment, parents should be familiar with the state licensure regulations for child care. They should also check references from other parents and observe the potential caregivers with the child.
Parents sometimes take their young child to the home of a person who is caring for one or more other children. Infants and children under the age of two-and-one-half need:
More adults per child than older children require
A lot of individual attention
The same caregiver(s) over a long period of time
A caregiver who will play and talk with them, smile with them, praise them for their achievements, and enjoy them
Parents should seek a caregiver who is warm, caring, self-confident, attentive, and responsive to the children. The caregiver should be able to encourage social skills and positive behavior, and set limits on negative ones. Parents should consider the caregiver’s ability to relate to children of different ages. Some individuals can work well only with children at a specific stage of development.
It is wise for parents to find out how long the individual plans to work in this day care job. High turnover of individuals, several turnovers, or any turnover at critical points of development, can distress the child. If parents think or feel the day care they have chosen is unsatisfactory, they should change caregivers. All parents have the right to drop in during the day and make an unannounced visit.
Many children, particularly after the age of three, benefit from good, group day care, where they can have fun and learn how to interact with others. Child and adolescent psychiatrists suggest that parents seek day care services that have:
Trained, experienced teachers who enjoy, understand and can lead children
Appropriate number of teachers and assistants, ideally, at least one for every five children, small rather than large groups if possible. (Studies have shown that five children with one caregiver is better than 20 children with four caregivers)
Staff that has been there for a long period of time
Opportunities for creative work, imaginative play, and physical activity
Space to move indoors and out
Lots of drawing and coloring materials and toys, as well as equipment for physical activity such as swings, wagons, jungle gyms, etc.
If the child seems afraid to go to day care, parents should introduce the new environment gradually: at first, the mother or father can go along, staying nearby while the child plays. The parent and child can stay for a longer period each day until the child wants to become part of the group. If the child shows unusual or persistent terror about leaving home, parents should consider consulting a child and adolescent psychiatrist to discuss their concerns and develop strategies to help the child to talk about his or her fears. Parents can help make day care more positive and less stressful for their child by being actively involved with the day care staff and proactively talking to their child about daily activities in daycare.
You may also mail in your contribution. Please make checks payable to the AACAP and send to Campaign for America’s Kids, P.O. Box 96106, Washington, DC 20090.
The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) represents over 10,000 child and adolescent psychiatrists who are physicians with at least five years of additional training beyond medical school in general (adult) and child and adolescent psychiatry.
How do you know if your child is doing well in kindergarten?
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How do you know if your child is doing well in kindergarten?
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3-7 years
child in society
3-6 years
kindergarten
Kindergarten is the first place for the socialization of a little person. Sending children to preschool institutions, where they will have to get acquainted with new rules and requirements, all parents are worried: are their children doing well in kindergarten?
Kindergarten age
By law, one of the parents can be on maternity leave for up to three years, but situations are different, and if a child is taken to kindergarten earlier, then in most cases he does not like it there: according to age standards, these kids they are very painfully experiencing a break with their mother, and the need for a partner for games has not yet been formed. Psychologists determine the peak of attachment to the mother from a year to a year and a half, and it decreases by the end of the second year of life.
Readiness to attend kindergarten is influenced not so much by the child’s real age as by his psychological age and elementary skills. To make it easier for a child to get used to and feel more confident, it is necessary to teach him to eat on his own, use the toilet, dress and undress. Often children are afraid of kindergarten because they cannot solve elementary problems on their own, and they are embarrassed to seek help.
Adaptation
Adaptation is a difficult period, and at this time it is impossible to judge whether the child is good or bad in the garden, because all the reactions of the baby are associated with the stress experienced. For the most part, children cry and refuse to go to kindergarten, not because it is bad there, but simply because they feel uncomfortable there after the familiar home environment. At such moments, it is very important to discuss what is happening to him, why he behaves this way, what he feels.
Situations are different
It happens that in the morning the kid throws a tantrum, refusing to go to the garden, and in the evening the situation changes 180 degrees: he, happy, plays with the children, and it is not easy to pull him out of the group. What’s this? Perhaps the baby simply does not get enough sleep, and getting up early is too hard for him, but after a daytime sleep he is alert and wants to play. In this case, you need to reconsider the mode of the child.
The reverse situation: the child does not resist going to the garden, does not cry or hysteria, but it turns out that he is completely uncomfortable there. This happens when the baby tries to please his parents, because “good children go to kindergarten.” Try to avoid such attitudes in advance, do not accustom the child to socially desirable behavior and attempts to please the elders, let him show his emotions violently, but you will always know the truth – good or bad for him.
Read also
Kindergarten: a note to parents
Happy child: Adaptation in kindergarten
Diagnostic methods
One of the best ways to diagnose a child’s condition in kindergarten is observation. Come for the baby early (or, conversely, bring the child in the morning, stay unnoticed by him) and observe his behavior: what the baby is doing – selflessly playing with children or sitting alone in a corner and waiting for your arrival. Talk to the teacher, with the psychologist, because they observe your child throughout the day.
Invite your child to play kindergarten at home. Let him lead the process himself, then you can see what stories he plays and what excites him. Ask questions, but be careful: from interrogation with passion, the child may become alert and demonstrate not a real, but a desirable situation.
Art methods can be used – a garden can be drawn, molded from plasticine, the main thing is to discuss his work with the child later, find out who is good in the drawing and who is bad, what needs to be done to make the one who feels bad feel better, etc.
Having found out the cause of a child’s sadness, one must work either on eliminating this cause or on the child’s attitude to the current situation.
Any drastic changes in a child’s behavior are alarming, but not always a problem in kindergarten. They may be associated with a disruption of the usual way of life – moving, divorce, the appearance of a brother or sister, the death of a dog, etc.
colds, headaches, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract), the child has become more capricious and tearful, then you should seek help from a psychologist to find out what is happening in the kindergarten, why the baby’s stay there has become a stressful factor.
Children tend to fantasize and embellish, but one should not treat his words with disdain. If the kid honestly says that he is afraid of the teacher, do not belittle his feelings: “oh, why are you afraid of her, stop it, she’s not scary!”, Work through this fear with the child, help him cope with it. Be attentive to your child, help him and go forward if he asks to skip one day of kindergarten or leave after dinner, because he has his own reasons.
Author: Ekaterina Golovina
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How a teacher should behave with his child in kindergarten
own child. And here a dilemma arises: to send the baby to your group so that he is always there, or to another so as not to interfere with the work of mom / dad? With the help of psychologists, we figure out what difficulties await the parent-educator and how to act in this and that situation.
A teacher and his child in the same group: what is the risk
In some kindergartens, teachers are officially forbidden to work in the same group with their children. Muscovite Ekaterina, whose daughter now goes to one of these kindergartens, explains why she considers this restriction justified:
“There was a situation when my daughter was still going to a nursery: one teacher worked in a group with her daughter. The rest of the parents constantly complained: this girl was the main one in the group, sometimes commanding children even bigger than her mother. She was forgiven a lot, and other children did not like the girl very much.
The most remarkable thing in this story is that the situation in which the girl (the teacher’s daughter) was not to blame turned against her: the other children disliked her. This is the first step towards bullying, which in the future can have a strong impact on the child’s self-esteem and relationships with peers.
Psychologist Elena Borisova, who works at Kindergarten No. 101 in Tyumen , explains why this happens:
“If a child sees his mother or another parent in kindergarten, he will think that he is at home, which means that he can behave like at home. But kindergarten has different rules. There is also a risk that other children will become jealous of a child whose parents are always there, while they are all alone. Moreover, this can result both in bullying against the teacher’s child, and in resentment towards their parents, who cannot be near the children during the day.”
Thus, the constant presence of the baby next to the parent in the kindergarten harms not only the adult (reduces the quality of his work), but also the child (spoils his relationship with other children). However, sometimes problems can arise even if the teacher’s child goes to another group. Here are some tips to help prepare your child for a new kind of parent-caregiver interaction.
If the teacher and his child are in different groups
Teacher-psychologist, Associate Professor of Mordovian State University Tatyana Belova:
Tell your child what kindergarten is, why children go there, why you want the kid to go there too. Take him to kindergarten so that he can imagine what it is.
Talk to him like an adult. Explain that he will go to a kindergarten where there are many children to play with and many new and interesting toys.
Explain to your child that a kindergarten is not a home: you go there to work, there are different rules of conduct.
Try not to show your child too often, do not come to his group, so as not to provoke an unnecessary reaction once again. The child may stop obeying the educators, because he will think that everything is possible next to the parent as at home. And for the rest of the children, whose parents work elsewhere, this can cause envy.
If a child goes to a group where the caregiver is his mom/dad:
Child psychologist Olga Luptova, who works at the Little Sun kindergarten in Tallinn:
Try to explain to your child that spending time with a parent in kindergarten is not the same as at home. Explain that this is your job and you have certain obligations. Tell us what rules of conduct apply here, how and why they differ from home ones.
Explain to the child that in the group all children are equal, that he is no worse or better than others and must follow the same rules as the rest.
If a child boasts to other children that his parent is a caregiver, or demands special privileges, do not immediately chastise him in front of other children. Try to explain that the rest of the guys in the group are his closest friends, almost brothers and sisters. So it will be easier for him to understand his new role and come to terms with the fact that they need as much attention from the educator as he does.
If a child requires increased attention from a parent, is naughty, cries, then it would be best to ask him to take an example from other children whose parents are not in the kindergarten at all, but they do not cry and are not upset. Explain to the child how lucky he is that his parent is always there, although he cannot give him as much attention as at home.
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How can a child adapt to kindergarten?
“I don’t want to go to kindergarten!” – these words from their child are often heard by parents every morning. How to help the baby get used to the new environment?
How might a child’s experiences manifest?
The child throws a tantrum
During the period of adaptation to kindergarten, this is normal. This is an outlet for anxiety. By the way, children who can throw out the accumulated tension from themselves are less likely to have neuroses. Tantrums are difficult to endure for both the child and the parents. Sometimes it is a shame for a screaming child in front of the teachers or in front of passers-by on the street. If you do not find the strength to sympathize with the child, just try to understand that this is not bad behavior, but fatigue, anxiety. Silently hug the child or say that you understand him.
Shows aggression
The child may start to fight, break and throw toys. Calmly take him by the hand, hug him, take pity on him.
Refuses to go to kindergarten
The best and easiest way is to sympathetically agree: “You don’t want to go to kindergarten, I understand you…”. And keep dressing the baby.
“I’m small”
The child can babble and say “I’m small”, ask to be picked up, spoon fed, shake before going to bed. Do as he asks. It will pass.
Laughs unnaturally, hyperactive
Relax the child, use tactile contact.
Difficulty sleeping and eating
In this case, talking about how the child feels, talking about kindergarten, relaxing practices help.
Pretends to be ill
First, of course, check if he is really ill? If there are no visible signs of illness, suggest going to the doctor. Look at the reaction of the child when you offer him not to go to kindergarten.
What does it take for a child to get used to kindergarten?
Mode
It will be easier for the child if he knows who will bring him and who will pick him up from the kindergarten. Tell him when you pick him up. For a child, time is abstract, so measure time in moments of the regime that are understandable to the baby – after an afternoon snack, from an evening walk, after dinner. It is advisable to take the child to the kindergarten and pick him up from the kindergarten at the same time.
Stimulus
It is good if, during the morning farewell at home and later in the garden, mom or dad will not talk about how good it is in the garden (concentrating the child’s attention on the kindergarten and parting), but how you will meet and what will do together in the evening. And the child, bored, will cling to his thoughts precisely for this – for the ice cream that you promised to buy, or for the cupcake that you bake together.
Caregiver
Ideally, hand the child over to the caregiver in kindergarten. On the first day, meet the teacher and introduce the child to her. Your child depends on this person. Greet the teacher in the morning with a smile and call her by her first name and patronymic. In the evening, ask how the child is doing: how he slept, ate, cried. Thank you for being such a caring teacher.
Acquaintance
Form a positive attitude towards kindergarten in your child. Explain what good awaits the child in the group, how many new friends he will find, what interesting games he will play. Get to know the teachers and the situation in the kindergarten in advance, play on its territory. At least in 2-3 months, start rebuilding the child for the kindergarten mode: getting up, breakfast, walking, lunch and daytime sleep at the strictly allotted time.
Farewell ritual
Come up with rituals and games for an easy parting. For example: kiss, wave, say bye. After that, immediately leave: confidently and without turning around. The longer you stagnate in indecision, the more the baby worries. But don’t leave the group unexpectedly – it’s a lot of stress for a child. You can give him any thing that reminds him of his mother.
Dad
If you are very worried about parting with the baby, and your child is having a hard time parting with his mother, entrust the task of taking him to the garden to someone close: husband, grandmother or grandfather. dad takes away – the process of parting is less dramatic. Since, the baby is already familiar with the feeling of parting with his father: he knows that he needs to go to work.
Independence
Prepare your child for kindergarten in advance. Help your child feel safe. He must be able to dress and undress, eat on his own with a spoon, go to the potty, be able to intelligibly ask for help.
Loneliness
Practice leaving the baby alone in the room for a while. Of course, taking all the necessary precautions. Instruct him to keep order or do some housework before leaving. When you return, ask the child about how he spent the time, thank him for the help.
Praise
Praise your child and yourself for progress as often as possible. Encourage with positive messages: “We’re doing great,” “You’re doing great!”, “Mom is proud of you,” “I’m so glad you had fun in the group.” Do not be alarmed if the baby is excited or crying in the evening. It may be a reaction to new experiences. He is overworked and needs to be relieved. Caress the child and talk to him.
What do psychologists say?
The process of adapting a child to kindergarten is not a quick process. On average, it takes 3 months. For successful adaptation, the interaction of all kindergarten specialists and parents is necessary. It is important through a game or conversation to help the baby express his fear, aggression, sadness, anxiety. For the first three months, it is necessary to play role-playing games with children, include them in joint activities, tell stories and fairy tales about their new social role.
If a few months have already passed, and the baby is still going through a difficult separation from his mother, he needs the help of a psychologist. Be attentive to your child. Only the love of parents, as well as the competent work of specialists, can help him overcome all difficulties, opening the way for further favorable development.
Tatyana Khodarevskaya
Analytical psychologist. Family systems consultant. Director of the Academy of Vitality.
However, even with all these measures, it is not always easy for a child to adapt to new conditions. For parents who are faced with such a problem and not only, on September 26, the “Parents Club” from the “Academy of Vitality Forces” begins its work, where experienced psychologists will help to understand the problems of education and adaptation. Parent classes are free of charge.
Kindergarten and children’s whims
Yes, many parents will happily say. We were looking forward to the moment when he grows up and for the first time enters this wonderful world, the world of serious relationships, the world of knowing himself and those around him, where he will acquire important skills necessary for his future life in society.
And now the baby is already in kindergarten! Kindergarten is like a wonderful fairy tale: interesting toys; Lots of kids to play with a caregiver who looks forward to your baby here every morning.
And suddenly… Suddenly, parents are faced with the fact that their beloved child has whims, and sometimes even tantrums – different in origin and in the characteristics of the course, including those associated with visiting a kindergarten. They are completely at a loss: what happened and what should they, parents, do now?
But before answering these questions, it is important to understand what “whims” are.
Caprices (English child caprices) – forms of behavior expressed in counteraction and resistance to the demands, advice, instructions of adults, in disobedience. This meaning of this concept is given in a large psychological dictionary. Childish whims and tantrums are quite common in most preschool children. Experts believe that tantrums are often very difficult to distinguish from whims. But still, if whims are the child’s intentional behavior to get what they want, then tantrums are a sudden involuntary emotional reaction to a certain situation, usually reinforced by loud crying, screaming, sometimes falling to the floor, waving arms and legs, and even hitting the head. At the same time, tantrums in which children try to harm themselves or others (for example: hit or bite), that is, they turn into aggressive behavior, may be a sign of more serious problems.
The possible causes of children’s whims are very diverse, and they can be conditionally divided into three groups.
The first group of reasons is of a psychophysiological nature: whims may be due to the peculiarities of the child’s temperament, the weakness of the mechanisms of self-regulation of his emotional sphere, the sharpness of his reaction to any irritating factors. Such, for example, is a melancholic – a child with a weak nervous system and therefore too vulnerable: even to weak negative stimuli, he responds with a very strong reaction, most often – crying.
The second group of reasons is connected, in particular, with some mistakes in his upbringing and, in general, with the complexities of the preschooler’s socialization process, for example: with a lack of attention from parents, with the inconsistency of their demands; with the desire of the baby to imitate the behavior and emotions of others, with the lack of emotional self-control skills. It is at the early preschool age that the child begins the subconscious process of forming his own attitude to the world as a whole, to other people and to himself. The kid, as it were, “tryes” the social world “by touch”, revealing for himself the boundaries of what is permitted, gradually mastering and applying strategies of emotional behavior that are practically acceptable to him and approved by others. Thus, reactions characteristic of the child, from his psychophysiological nature, being transformed in the experience of his interaction with society, can become even more pronounced or, conversely, weaken. For example, a child may show whims in response to a negative reaction of parents to his bad behavior, while copying their emotions, intonations, volume of speech and words.
The third group of causes is related to the two previous groups, but is purely situational in nature: it can be fatigue, physical indisposition, bad mood of the baby, stressful situation. This also includes those cases when the cause of children’s whims is the impossibility of momentary satisfaction of the desires of the baby, because the child is not yet always clear why it is necessary to postpone his desires. Whims can also be caused by his inability to express his dissatisfaction or disagreement in another way, for example, when he cannot fasten the buttons on his clothes, put on shoes, or when he does not want to go to bed, contrary to the requirements of his parents.
Some children may have whims at any time and in different situations, including in kindergarten.
Unfortunately, the whims of a baby in kindergarten, and, in particular, morning ones, are a rather frequent phenomenon. Observations of children show that not only children who first come to kindergarten can be capricious when parting with their mother, but also those who have already fully adapted and attend it with desire. Why is this happening?
One of the main reasons is their unwillingness to part with their parents, and, of course, in the first place, with their beloved mothers. After all, it is in the mother’s arms that the child feels calm and confident. But when he stays in kindergarten, he often feels that he is deprived of the safety and security of his parents. After all, everything is familiar at home: there is a long-established order of life; you can do what you love for as long as you like; spend a lot of time with mom, basking in her care and affection. And in kindergarten, life is subject to a clear regime, there are certain rules that must be followed. Interacting with peers, the child is forced to share toys with them, learn to negotiate, be able to give in. That is, he needs to acquire communication skills with peers, and at the same time be in constant combat readiness for possible conflicts and strive to find ways out of them. Therefore, it is very important that parents set up the baby for a positive attitude towards attending kindergarten. For example, they can tell him about the upcoming day, about the events that will happen today in kindergarten; inform him about what games he can play, invite his own child to take his favorite toy with him. Well, in the evening, when picking up the baby, it is important for mom and dad to ask how his day went, what was interesting and exciting in the classroom.
Morning whims can also be related to the fact that the child is afraid to stay alone in the group at the end of the day or with his fears that his parents may not pick him up at all from kindergarten in the evening. Therefore, when saying goodbye to your son or daughter in the morning, be sure to say: “In the evening, I will definitely come for you, baby.”
Parents also need to pay attention to how the child reacts to the process of parting with them in kindergarten in the morning, with which of them the parting is calm, and with which it is painful. If a child shows whims when parting with you, arrange with other family members so that one of them takes the child to kindergarten. Indeed, in this case, whims, perhaps, will occur much less frequently.
The ritual of farewell to parents is no less important for a child. If the child is accustomed to an established ritual that includes elements of whim as part of the separation, then whim is inevitable. Most likely, the child seeks more attention to himself. Therefore, when saying goodbye to him, do not suddenly disappear. Think over several scenarios for your care that would suit the baby. At the same time, give him the freedom to choose the most interesting of the possible scenarios. And behave yourself with him confidently and evenly.
Another, no less serious reason for the emergence of children’s whims is the irregularity of children’s visits to kindergarten. If, for various reasons (illness of a child, departure, etc.), he goes to kindergarten with a long break, then the process of adaptation to a new life for him is interrupted, and the baby needs to re-accept new social conditions, experience the process of parting with his mother as in the first days.
Another reason for the whims associated with visiting a child in a kindergarten may be the desire of the baby to possess things he likes, for example, kindergarten toys or toys of other pupils. In an effort to get the thing he loves at all costs, the baby can not only organize a whim, but even fall into an unintentional tantrum, and try to quite consciously manipulate others. It is quite possible to cope with this situation if you explain to the child that someone else’s can be taken only for a while and only with the permission of the owner. At the same time, a serious mistake on the part of parents would be to promise the baby to buy exactly the same toy or even better. And even if you are able to fulfill any of his desires, you should not pamper your beloved child, turning him into a capricious creature that does not allow objections. The child must know the value of money! At the same time, teach your child to communicate with peers in kindergarten, for example, offer him to ask another child for a coveted toy, or exchange it for his own; in addition, encourage him to share his favorite toys and treats with the children.
It is important to note that often we, adults, provoke children’s whims without knowing it. Frequent parental prohibitions, manifestations of intolerance to what the child does and says, shouting, rude words can contribute to the manifestation of negative emotional reactions in children. No less dangerous is the sometimes negative attitude of parents in relation to the content of the life of their beloved child in kindergarten, to the forms and results of his education and upbringing. So, for example, when discussing with teachers issues related to visiting a child in a kindergarten, sharing our experiences and anxieties, expressing our concerns to them, and, at times, making negative comments about the kindergarten, we often forget that our baby is in this time is with us. Meanwhile, children are very sensitive to the emotional state of their parents, to their attitude to everything that happens. It would be more correct to take a positive attitude to the activities of the preschool institution, to the efforts of teachers to socialize your child. And even better – “make friends” with educators! And then, having acquired experienced allies, having discussed and clarified in a conversation with them all the moments that alarm you and having received their advice, you will be able to quickly find a constructive solution to any issue. Yes, and yourself, watching your baby’s games, his mood and statements, you can understand what is happening with your child in the kindergarten, how he feels in a new environment, and what worries him.
How to cope with children’s whims? Using the proposed “magic tricks”, you can often achieve positive results.
Determine the cause of the child’s whim or anger. If a child demands that he urgently buy a toy he likes, this is an unreasonable whim. If the baby puts on pantyhose on his own, but his mother hurries him, and he begins to insist: “I myself!”, Accompanying the demand with screams and tears, the adults are to blame.
When a whim is just beginning, divert his attention to something, switch to another activity, an interesting activity.
Reassure the child with kind and gentle words.
Leave him alone for a while, don’t pay attention.
Try not to break loose in response to children’s whims.
Talk to the baby about what happened when the naughty child calms down. It is important to show him that you are upset by his behavior, that you are upset. And at the same time, let your child know that you love him and are convinced that he will not do this again.
According to psychologists, adults need to choose the right tactics of behavior and stick to it constantly in any situation.
When interacting with a child, you can simply record some moments for yourself: how often the child is naughty, how long it lasts, how it manifests itself, at what time it happens more often, where it happens. By learning to feel the state of the child, you, over time, will be able to control his mood and, possibly, prevent whims. It is also important to pay attention to how often they occur and what nature they are. If they appear constantly, and even with bouts of hysteria, most likely, you need to contact a specialist.
If the whims are episodic, and during the day in kindergarten your child feels good, he is active and inquisitive; at home, he talks with desire about the kindergarten, friends and games – take such negative emotional manifestations calmly, do not lose your temper, do not get irritated, show patience and a firm reaction to his outbursts, then he will much less often use this method to solve his problems and satisfy his desires .
Having picked up the key to the still fragile world of your child’s soul, you will be able to understand the reasons for his whims and tantrums and determine the ways of further interaction with him.
Babushkina Irina Viktorovna
Teacher-psychologist. The highest qualification category of OANO OTs “Luchik”.
Four mistakes of parents when adapting a child in kindergarten.
Is your child going to kindergarten this spring? If so, you probably want your child to accept the changes in his life as calmly as possible, get along with caregivers and other children, and go to kindergarten every morning with joy and without whims. But often parents do not behave quite correctly and involuntarily prevent the baby from adapting to kindergarten. How it happens and how to avoid the most common mistakes:
1. Disappearance of the mother When a mother comes to kindergarten for the first time with her child, the baby is often relaxed and interested in what he sees. The fact is that he has not yet had the experience of being in the garden without his mother. That is why children often stay in the kindergarten quite cheerfully on the first day, and on the second and third days they already go with resistance. The mother is very glad that the child is interested in the game, and quietly, so as not to “scare” him, runs away without saying goodbye to the child and not informing him that he is leaving. Now imagine how a small child feels, whose mother suddenly disappeared somewhere, without saying goodbye, and it is not known when she will come and whether she will come at all. For a child, this is like getting lost in a huge supermarket. And even if the 10 kindest people calm the baby and offer him sweets and toys, he will be terribly scared, seized with fear and anxiety. Even if you have told your child many times that he will be alone in kindergarten, without a mother, never leave unnoticed. The child has a feeling that now the mother can suddenly disappear at any moment of his life, without warning and without saying goodbye to him, that is, he can simply lose his mother. And he literally “sticks” to her both psychologically and physically for many months, afraid to lose sight of her. In many cases, the kindergarten simply has to be postponed for at least six months, because the child falls into hysterics at the slightest mention of the kindergarten, not to mention the fact that he goes there.
2. Long stay in the garden Some parents believe that it is better to leave the child immediately for half a day or the whole day, so that he quickly gets used to the children and the caregiver. This is a mistake. A visit to the kindergarten should begin gradually. There are different visiting schemes that psychologists recommend to follow. The general idea is this: first come and walk on the same playground where the group walks, then bring the child to the group for 30 minutes – 1 hour during free play activities and wait for the child in the corridor and then pick it up. Gradually, the child gets used to the children, and to the teacher, and to the environment. Then you can leave it alone for 1-2 hours, then from morning until lunch, then with lunch, then pick it up after the walk. After a while, leave for lunch and pick up, then leave for daytime sleep and pick up. Then leave for the whole day. There are no clear guidelines for how long each stage should last. You need to look at the well-being of the child and at your maternal intuition.
3. Wrong daily routine Many parents don’t think about how their child’s daily routine today corresponds to the daily routine that will have to be followed when kindergarten starts. It will be extremely difficult for a child who is used to going to bed after 22.00 to wake up at 7 in the morning. And in the kindergarten, as a rule, you need to get up very early. Remember how your baby feels when he does not get enough sleep? He rubs his eyes, is capricious, does not understand what he wants, becomes whiny. Children whose parents did not transfer to the kindergarten mode of the day in advance are immediately visible in the group in the mornings in the first days. They rub their sleepy eyes, they are whiny and irritable, painfully perceive everything that happens around. The way a child feels during the first days in kindergarten leaves an imprint on all his subsequent attitude towards this place. Remember the saying: You never get a second chance to make a first impression. This fully applies to kindergarten. In order for the first experience of a child in kindergarten to be colored with positive colors, do not be too lazy to transfer your baby to the correct mode in advance. Then he can wake up easily and go to the group in a good mood!
4. Quick charges This error is somewhat similar to the previous one. Since it is a pity for parents to wake up the baby and they want him to sleep as long as possible, they wake him up almost “back to back” by the time when he already needs to go to the kindergarten. As a result, the preparations turn out to be nervous, hasty, the mother does not have time to give the baby the attention and tenderness that he needs, especially when he is still basking in bed. The child only hears: “Come on soon”, “Come on faster”, “We are late for kindergarten”, “Let’s talk later”, etc. Often the baby in the morning still cannot think well and the mother gets annoyed, raises her voice and the whole morning turns out to be chaotic and conflicting. The mood is spoiled for everyone, and the child goes to the kindergarten in upset feelings, like the mother, who no longer has the moral strength to say some kind parting words. Therefore, wake up yourself and wake up the baby in advance so that you have enough time for unhurried preparations so that you can pay attention to the baby while he is in bed – give a massage, stroke the legs and head, sing a song, tickle, kiss and other gentle words and actions. All this is so important for a good mood for both of you! Do you also go to the kindergarten in advance, with a large margin of time, so that you do not get nervous on the way yourself and can tune in?
Child does not eat in kindergarten: how to solve the problem
Not eating in kindergarten is often a real problem for parents. Correcting the situation is quite realistic, but for this you need to understand why it arose, and after that take any action.
Why the child does not eat in the kindergarten
Before going to the pediatrician or writing a refusal from the kindergarten because of refusal to eat, you need to understand the reason for this phenomenon. Most common:
Adaptation period. During the period of getting used to the kindergarten, there is a lot of stress due to a change of scenery, new people, absence of parents nearby. Due to severe anxiety, he may refuse to eat.
Unusual food. The menu in kindergarten is often very different from home. Preschool children are big conservatives, so it is quite difficult for them to try new dishes, and even in an unfamiliar environment.
Food selectivity. Often the baby eats only certain foods at home or sorts out the finished dish for a long time before eating it. In kindergarten, such a child does not eat at all or eats only bread. Especially often this problem occurs at the age of five or six years.
Not hungry enough. Children eat when they feel hungry. If there was little movement before lunch, and they didn’t go for a walk, they may simply not want to eat.
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Negative associations. Often a child does not eat in kindergarten due to negative experiences. If at home he is reproached for being slow, put in a corner for refusing to eat, or force-fed, in the garden he will simply be afraid to eat food – suddenly the situation will repeat itself.
Inability to eat independently. If parents have not taught to hold a spoon and a fork before kindergarten, the child may refuse to eat outside the home in principle. Since the children in the garden eat at the same time, the teacher cannot physically spoon-feed everyone, so someone may remain hungry.
Feeling unwell. Often children intuitively refuse to eat when there are no visible signs of the disease. Lethargy, capriciousness and lack of appetite, especially if there were no such problems before, can be signs of an incipient cold. Also, discomfort to the baby can be caused by inflammation in the mouth, stuffy nose or bloating.
Attempt to manipulate adults. Children at the age of five or six already know how to achieve their goal in different ways. One of them is the refusal to eat in the garden, since parents and caregivers rarely leave this situation unattended. The connection “I don’t eat – they pick me up earlier / they feed me delicious food in front of the kindergarten / they pay more attention” is very easy to trace, so refusing to eat quickly becomes a way of manipulation.
Sometimes children don’t eat in kindergarten because of the weather. Someone begins to eat more in winter, while someone, on the contrary, eats almost nothing and moves little. The situation is the same in summer: someone in the heat almost does not move and does not eat anything, but only drinks, while someone, on the contrary, is ready to eat every hour.
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Why you shouldn’t feed against your will
A child may not eat in the garden or at home for various reasons, but in any case it is not necessary to force him to do so. Otherwise, unhealthy eating behavior will form, which can manifest itself many years later. Overeating, excessive consumption of sweets or fast food, complete refusal to eat, eating only one product, constantly following diets, dissatisfaction with their weight, anorexia, bulimia – often these phenomena arise due to improperly built relationships with food in childhood.
A common phenomenon – cartoon feeding – also has nothing to do with normal nutrition. In fact, this is the same feeding against the will, but its difference is that the food is not perceived at all by the brain of a small person. The body is not able to perceive information from the screen and consciously take food, which leads to sad consequences.
Firstly, such a diet is addictive – refusal to eat in the kindergarten arises simply because the cartoon was not turned on.
Secondly, overeating occurs – signals of satiety are simply ignored.
Thirdly, due to the unconscious consumption of food, the child is not able to choose what he wants to eat in the future: there are no taste preferences.
There are many more reasons to leave the clean plate society, so doctors strongly recommend not to feed children if they flatly refuse to eat.
The child does not eat in the kindergarten: expert advice
Evgeny Komarovsky, a well-known pediatrician, claims that if a child does not eat, it means that he is not hungry yet. The best thing that educators and parents can do to prevent this phenomenon is to give them an “appetite”. An active walk, outdoor games, mental activity, communication with peers are the best ways to “provoke” the appearance of appetite.
According to pediatricians, refusal to eat during illness is a common and quite natural phenomenon, so there is no need to worry about this. The only thing you need to insist on is drinking enough fluids, especially pure water.
If a child does not eat certain foods in the kindergarten or at home, experts recommend using the following scheme: offer the product up to ten times with a break in a month. That is, parents offer, for example, fresh carrots. If they refuse, they offer carrot pancakes. If again refusal, then you can mix carrot and mashed potatoes. You can make up to ten such attempts, then postpone the decision of the issue for a month and try again. Do not forget that the nutritional value of some products is identical, so if you don’t like one thing, you can try an analogue.
With a balanced five meals a day, refusing breakfast is not a critical phenomenon, because by lunchtime the children will still get hungry and eat something. However, when a child in the kindergarten does not eat anything in principle, and at the same time you notice signs of a deterioration in his condition (hair falls out, the skin becomes dry, the stool is disturbed, severe weight loss), you should consult a specialist. Such a refusal may be a symptom of some disease or deficiency of important trace elements.
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What should parents do if the child does not eat in the kindergarten
Although the main role in kindergarten is given to the teacher, it is up to parents to solve the problems with nutrition. Here are some tips:
Set the power mode. So hunger will occur at about the same time, which is especially convenient in a kindergarten or school, because there children are fed “by the hour”. Give up carbohydrate and fat snacks – leave only vegetables and fruits.
Don’t offer a hearty breakfast in front of the garden and don’t bring sweets when you arrive, otherwise you won’t need to eat in the garden.
If the baby does not eat in the kindergarten during the adaptation period, do not worry. Most often, the problem goes away on its own when he relaxes, makes friends and realizes that he is comfortable in the new environment. As often as possible, say that you trust the gardeners and cooks that all dishes are prepared with care – just like at home.
If possible, shortly before the first visit to kindergarten, start preparing similar meals. The main rule: all food should be simple, without spices and exotic ingredients.
Together with the “baby” find in the daily menu (it is usually hung out before entering the group) some products that he might like today.
KidsPark Tampa | Wesley Chapel, FL: Childcare, Babysitting, Preschool
FAQ
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Short answer: HAVE FUN!
Long answer: Activity areas throughout our centers offers enrichment opportunities and opportunities to socialize. Kids can participate in the area of their choice. Areas include Creation Station, Mountain of Energy, Activity Area, Blue Crew (5 and up), Theater, Sport Court. Each month there are featured activities that include cooking, arts and crafts, sensory exploration or hands-on science. Read more.
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Long answer: Visit our COVID-19 detailed resource page.
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Long answer: KidsPark is a safe, fun, pay-as-you-play center for kids ages 2-12 (check with your local center for exact ages). Care by the hour, day, or week, we’re here anytime you need us. We’re open days, evenings, and weekends – no reservations needed!
Please keep in mind, especially for young children, it is easier for them to come to a center they know. Don’t wait until an emergency, get your children used to KidsPark now so they are prepared.
Should I bring a meal or snack?
Short answer: Snacks of 100% apple juice or water and crackers are complimentary at 10am, 3pm and 8pm.
Long answer: Lunch and dinner can be brought with you or purchased. See our daily menu on the sidebar. Check your local center for mealtimes. Please, do not pack any products with peanuts. Check with your local center for their detailed meal policy.
Label all items and meals from home with your child’s name.
Are there potty-training requirements?
Short answer: No!
Long answer: Diapers are welcomed. If your child is in diapers, bring a spare. What if my child is potty training? If your child is toilet training, bring extra clothes just in case . . . we do remind them!
Is there a regular nap time?
Short answer: Naps are not scheduled* since children arrive at various times.
Long answer: If a child is tired, they are encouraged to rest in our theater or a quiet area. If you are sure your child will sleep, please bring a pillow or blanket for them.
*Some State regulations require a center-wide quiet time. Please check with your local center.
How can I help my child transition to a new setting?
Short answer: kids thrive at KidsPark and can’t wait to come back.
Long answer: You know your child best and how they react to new experiences. They may be joiners, watchers, explorers, or resisters. We assist each child to make his or her transition easy and positive. Read more.
How did KidsPark start?
Short answer: I am sure you’ve heard, necessity is the mother of invention. Like you, the founder, Debbie Milner, needed hourly care . . . and the rest is history.
Long answer: Read more.
What is the KidsPark Good Citizen pledge?
Short answer: We want all the children in our care to experience a fun, safe time. Consequently, KidsPark is serious about good citizenship. We have zero-tolerance for fighting, bad language, and bullies.
Long answer: If your child acts inappropriately, we may call you to pick up. If this behavior is demonstrated on multiple visits, children may be suspended or expelled. If the transgression poses serious safety concerns, they may be suspended or expelled on the first occurrence.
A good KidsPark Citizen:
Enters the center calmly and stays in the play area.
Keeps their hands to themselves.
Uses toys as they are intended.
Is friendly and uses kind words and actions.
Takes turns and shares.
Is respectful and a good listener
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Child & Adult Care Food Program (CACFP)
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No Masks Or Quarantines Needed At Child Care Facilities: State
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Health & Fitness
In contrast to the CDC’s new guidelines, the Florida Department of Children and Families has eliminated quarantines for kids in day care.
D’Ann Lawrence White, Patch Staff
|
The Florida Department of Children and Families says children in child care and child care employees don’t need to wear masks. (Shutterstock)
FLORIDA — Flying in the face of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s new COVID-19 guidelines, on Thursday Florida Department of Children and Families Secretary Shevaun Harris said the DCF is further relaxing COVID-19 restrictions for child care facilities and providers.
Saying the CDC’s guidelines are “antiquated and have forced Florida families to miss work and school even when it is safe to return,” the DCF is eliminating the need for children in child care to quarantine at home if they’re exposed to someone who tests positive.
And while the CDC continues to recommend that children over age 2 and staff wear masks, the Department of Children and Families has dropped that requirement.
Find out what’s happening in Tampawith free, real-time updates from Patch.
“Our department’s top priority is the well-being of Florida’s children,” Harris said. “We know that unnecessary regulations resulting in overbearing isolation requirements can be detrimental to both a child’s mental and physical health. Gov. Ron DeSantis’ leadership in ensuring that children and families are not hindered by burdensome procedures has allowed people to live freely in Florida.”
DeSantis said the new guidelines are intended to relieve parents from the loss of income by having to stay home with children in quarantine who show no COVID-19 symptoms.
Find out what’s happening in Tampawith free, real-time updates from Patch.
“Florida is supporting parents with children in day care by updating outdated, unscientific guidelines that hurt working families and keep kids out of school,” DeSantis said. “Florida is making it clear that healthy children in day care do not need to quarantine; children in day care who test positive for COVID-19 can return after five days, with no test required. This guidance also reiterates that children attending day care should never be forced to wear a mask — this choice should always be made by the parent.”
Under the new DCF guidelines:
Children who have a COVID-19 exposure or close contact, but have no symptoms, are not required to quarantine and can remain in the classroom.
If a child is COVID-19 symptomatic or COVID-19 positive, they should stay home while symptoms persist. The child will be able to return to the classroom after five days have passed since the onset of symptoms and are fever free for 24 hours.
Children in a child care facility are not required to wear a mask or face covering.
Child care facilities are encouraged to continue to routinely clean classrooms and high-traffic areas.
Children and staff are encouraged to practice routine handwashing throughout the day.
In contrast, the CDC still recommends a five-day quarantine for children exposed to the coronavirus, vaccinations for all children who are eligible and masks for workers and children over the age of 2.
The new DCF guidelines were issued the same day DeSantis and Florida General Joseph Ladapo announced that they are “pushing back on unscientific corporate masking” of employees.
In a joint statement, DeSantis and Ladapo said many corporations have continued to require employees to wear masks at work “despite a lack of evidence that masks, and particularly cloth face coverings, prevent the transmission of COVID-19.”
Saying there is no strong evidence that masks reduce the transmission of respiratory illness, DeSantis said Florida’s new masking guidance advise against wearing facial coverings in a community setting.
He said the new guidelines make it “clear that all employees at a corporation should not be forced to wear a mask while at work. The guidance recognizes that there are millions of employees in Florida working in industries from hospitality to manufacturing to banking who, for no reason whatsoever, have been forced to wear a mask at work.”
Additionally, DeSantis said the Department of Education will drop the need for public school students to quarantine for five days if exposed to COVID-19.
“People want to live freely in Florida, without corporate masking creating a two-tier society and without overbearing isolation for children,” said DeSantis. “We are empowering health care practitioners to follow science, not Fauci’s status quo.”
Ladapo further indicated that the CDC’s continued push for vaccinations is misguided.
“The state of Florida has widespread natural and vaccine-induced immunity,” he said. “Evidence suggests that most secondary transmission occurs early on. Our state will continue to make decisions for Floridians rooted in sound science, not fear, whether they are working or in school.”
“COVID-19 vaccines available in the United States are effective at protecting people from getting seriously ill, getting hospitalized, and even dying,” CDC Director Rochelle Walensky said during a White House briefing Jan. 26 to announce the agency’s plans to loosen some of its COVID-19 guidelines. “As with vaccines for other diseases, people who are up to date are optimally protected. The CDC recommends that everyone 5 years and older get their primary series of COVID-19 vaccines, and receive a booster dose when eligible.”
See related story: CDC Updates COVID Mask Guidelines: What It Means In Florida
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Just Drop In At KidsPark! — Neighborhood News
Owner Amanda Justus (left) and director Heather Perez invite you to check out KidsPark, located just off I-75 on S. R. 56 in Wesley Chapel.
KidsPark is a totally new concept in childcare for the New Tampa and Wesley Chapel area.
“If you’re a mom, you get it,” says Amanda Justus, the owner of the KidsPark Tampa, located just off of S.R. 56, east of I-75, in Wesley Chapel. She explains that KidsPark is available for children ages 2 through 12, for drop-in childcare.
“We offer hourly childcare on days, evenings and weekends with no reservations,” says Amanda. “For date nights, meetings, grocery shopping, appointments, anything… you just drop your kids off.”
The concept is popular. Since opening in August, KidsPark has registered about 600 families. The Wesley Chapel location is part of a growing franchise headquartered in San Jose, CA. Its 17 locations are in seven states, including three KidsPark facilities in Florida.
“My first experience with hourly childcare was when I was living in North Carolina and my husband was in the Marines,” Amanda says. “Hourly childcare saved my life. Sometimes, it was the only way for me to get to the store or clean the house.”
Amanda and her husband Ricky live in Wesley Chapel with their two children, Camryn, who is 10, and Gavin, who is 6. Amanda worked as a microbiologist at Florida Hospital Wesley Chapel before leaving her job to focus on opening and running KidsPark. While her undergraduate degree is in microbiology from the University of South Florida in Tampa, she also holds a Masters in Business Administration (MBA) from nearby St. Leo University, which she earned in 2013.
“I’ve always wanted to own my own business, and I knew this was something the area needed,” she says.
When Amanda realized that she could open a KidsPark franchise, she says she signed the paperwork immediately, “And, it’s exceeded our expectations.”
KidsPark’s full-time director, Heather Perez, has 20 years of experience as a preschool director in Pasco County. “Heather has been a huge help for me,” says Amanda. “My background is in science, so it’s great that Heather understands all of the licensing and requirements. ”
Meeting Your Needs
For anyone who works 12-hour shifts or evening hours, such as nurses, servers, or anyone in retail, traditional daycare just doesn’t work. Amanda says that since her husband is a firefighter, she used to pay for full-time childcare, even though she didn’t need it.
Whether your kids are pre-school age or as old as age 12, they are welcome to enjoy KidsPark.
Dads and moms apparently like it for date night, too. “Parents tell us we’re saving their marriages,” says Amanda. “Dads actually high-five us and say thank you.”
KidsPark has something for all kids, from dramatic play to air hockey, board games and puzzles, as well as karaoke, Wii dance, Wii sports, and Xbox. Kids Park also has a private, enclosed outdoor space so kids can get some fresh air.
While visitors to KidsPark get time for open play, there also are scheduled activities. “We try to make sure every child takes home a craft or art project,” Amanda says, “so parents can see what they’ve been doing. ”
KidsPark serves lunch at noon every day, and dinner at 6 p.m. The meals are catered and cost just $4. Snacks are provided at no additional charge at 10 a.m., 3 p.m. and 8 p.m.
“It’s huge to know that you always have child care, and – unlike what might happen with a babysitter – that they aren’t just sitting there watching TV,” Amanda says.
Preschool, Too
In addition to hourly childcare, KidsPark offers both Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten (VPK) for four year olds and preschool for ages two and three.
KidsPark’s one VPK class filled up quickly. These families use a voucher and pay nothing when they pick their child up by noon. On any day, whether the parent is running late or would like additional childcare, the kid simply stays longer and parents pay just the regular hourly rate for any additional time.
“Buddy Preschool” also is held each day from 9 a.m. to noon, but parents have the flexibility to choose which days they attend and pay hourly just for the times their child is there.
Affordable Rates
“We try to make it so everyone can afford child care,” Amanda says. The hourly rate is just $7.75 for one child, or $11.75 for two. Additional siblings are $3 per hour. A “preferred customer rate” is available for anyone who pre-pays $100 or more (in $50 increments, up to $250). Ten percent is added to your prepayment, so if you pre-pay $100, you actually get $110 credited to your account.
There is a $25 registration fee per family (not per child), which is a one-time fee, as long as you come at least once a year. Also, once you’ve paid the registration fee at any facility, you can use all of the KidsPark facilities across the country if you’re traveling.
Amanda also offers discounts to hospital employees and to anyone in the military.
On Sundays, before and after Kids Park is open, the staff hosts birthday parties and other private parties.
“For a private party, you have the whole center to yourselves,” says Amanda. “You choose a craft and a game, and the cost includes face painting, two staff members to keep the kids busy, and also includes invitations, paper products and even decorations. ”
Happy Customers
Denise Drury’s two-year-old twins, John and James, were KidsPark’s very first clients.
“It’s a wonderful place,” says Denise. “The caregivers there treat my boys like they’re their own.”
Denise adds that KidsPark is, “the best concept ever, for a mom to be able to drop her kids off at the last minute,” whether it’s for grocery shopping, an appointment, or a night out with her husband. “It’s affordable, and I can’t get over all of the activities the kids get to do there.”
KidsPark is located at 26240 Golden Maple Loop, just off of S.R. 56 (east of I-75) in Wesley Chapel. The center is open Monday–Thursday, 8 a.m.–10 p.m., 8 a.m.–midnight on Friday, 10 a.m.–midnight on Saturday, and 1 p.m.–6 p.m. on Sunday. For more information, see the ad on page 18, call 803-4972, or visit KidsPark.com.
Best Day Care In Tampa Bay
Local News
/ CW44 Tampa Bay
Trusting your child to a stranger is very stressful for both a parent and a child. To make the transition easier on both parent and child, a visit to the day care facility prior to enrollment would benefit everyone involved. Facilities that allow drop-in visits or viewing portals could help the parent relax and be less stressed about leaving their child at a new day care. Here are some great Tampa Bay day care centers that ensure your child is left in good hands.
Time of Wonder Academy 5130 Eisenhower Blvd. Suite 180 Tampa, FL 33634 (813) 886-9500 www.timeofwonder.com
Time of Wonder Academy arranges the curriculum so that children ages six weeks to five years old will be encouraged to think creatively and explore the world around them. There are also VPK programs, after school and summer day care programs for children up to 12 years of age. Fees and rates are provided by phone, email or in person. Daily status reports are provided to parents so they can keep track of their child’s progress.
Carlton Academy Day School 205 North Brush St. Tampa, FL 33602 (813) 489-5485 www.carltonacademy.com
Carlton Academy Day School offers many unique options for parents who entrust their children to the day school. There is a parent content section that is strictly for parents of children enrolled in the academy. One of the items available is a viewing portal where parents can monitor the activities going on at Carlton Academy Day School. There are other methods that allow parents to feel comfortable leaving their child at the day school, including a long list of resources on the website for parents to check out.
Kiddie City Learning Center 3024 Park Lane Dunedin, FL 34698 (727) 796-9493 www.kiddiecitylearningcenter.com
Kiddie City Learning Center accepts children ages two through five years. The day care is only closed nine days out of the year and welcomes visits to the facility by parents. At the learning center, each child is provided with breakfast, lunch, snack, milk and juice. All activities at Kiddie City Learning Center are based on the various stages of physical, social, emotional, cognitive and creative development. The VPK program at Kiddie City goes from 9 a.m. until noon. However, Kiddie City Learning Center offers a wrap-around program for the benefits of the parents and the children.
Related: Back To Work: Preparing Family For Your Return To The Office
Kid’s Planet Preschool A World of Learning 2869 54th Ave. N. St. Petersburg, FL 33714 (727) 521-6931 www.kidsplanetpreschool.com
Kid’s Planet Preschool offers varied learning themes that incorporate science experiments, language development and dramatic play into all of the activities. Many of the activities at Kid’s Planet are hands-on, which means the children have fun and learn at the same time. The tuition at Kid’s Planet includes breakfast, lunch and an afternoon snack. Parents and guardians are welcome to drop in at any time as long as it is not disruptive to the daily programs of the day.
Community Preschool 1665 25th Ave. N. St. Petersburg, FL 33713 (727) 895-2512 www.communitypreschool.com
Community Preschool is a private, non-profit preschool with over 60 years of child care experience. Parent involvement activities are held at the preschool on the last Wednesday of each month. There is a Parent Exchange Program available at Community Preschool in which parents can recycle clothing, books, toys and other items for the benefit of the children enrolled at the preschool. Newsletters are provided to parents on a monthly basis and all enrolled children are given developmental screenings every six months. A list of helpful sources for parents is provided on the website.
Related: Becoming A Working Mom – One Woman’s Experience
Katherine Bostick is a freelance writer covering all things Tampa Bay. Her work can be found on Examiner.com.
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Nanny jobs in Tampa, vacancies on Flagma
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Simakova G.E., FOP | Kyiv, UA
in Davie 303 km, full time, work experience from 1 year and above
USA, Davie (30 min from Miami). NANNY ASSISTANT needed. RFP $2800
There are 2 boys in the family (1.6 and 2.8 years old). Replenishment is expected at the end of October.
The newborn will have its own babysitter, but if the mother, for example, is engaged or feeds the elders, look after …
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September 2, 2021
Simakova G.E., FOP | Kyiv, UA
in Fort Lauderdale 307 km, full time, work experience from 1 year and above, higher education
Nanny needed from mid-August.
The family has two children, 5 years and 1 year 2 months. The senior is at school 6 days a week from 8 to 17. Responsibilities: full care for the little one and help with the senior when he is not at school. Educational games, walks, pool, beach,…
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September 2, 2021
Simakova G.E., FOP | Kyiv, UA
in Miami 329 km, full time, work experience from 1 year and above, higher education
Nanny needed for 1.5 year old girl. The child is completely in the nanny (care, walks). If necessary, help with older children aged 9 and 6 (to look after, feed, put to bed). There is a grandmother who cooks. There is a housekeeper (cleans, washes,…
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September 2, 2021
Marushchak S.M., FLP | Nikolaev, UA
in Florida City 341 km, full time
Accommodation: Free
Need a nanny for a 1.4 year old girl. The family is Russian-speaking. Place of work – USA, Florida. Responsibilities – full care, development, organization of leisure, walks and everything related to the child. There is a housekeeper and a cook. Schedule – 5/2,…
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February 24, 2022
Simakova G.E., FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Boca Raton 291 km, full time
Since February. Child 1.5 years old, work schedule: 6 working days, one day off, *Payment: $ 3500 per month* Desired age of the candidate: 30 – 60 years. Experience in similar work: must have experience working with children from a year and experience living in a family ….
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February 23, 2022
Simakova G.E., FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Fort Lauderdale 307 km, full time
Child 1.5 years old. Work schedule: 6 working days, one day off, *Payment: *Desired age of the candidate: 30 – 60 years. Experience in similar work: must have experience working with children from a year and experience living in a family. Desired education:…
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February 7, 2022
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Miami 329 km, full time
VACANCY: Housekeeper in the USA, Miami
Working hours 5 days a week, 2 days off
Family from Ukraine
Homestay work
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: from $3100 per month
Responsibilities:
-Cleaning. ..
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August 11, 2022
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Florida City 341 km, full time
VACANCY: Housekeeper-assistant in the USA with knowledge of English Work schedule 5 days a week, 2 days free time Family from Ukraine Location: USA, Florida Food is provided , accommodation, flight Salary: $ 3000 per …
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1 day ago
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Georgetown 465 km, full time
VACANCY: Housekeeper in the USA, Georgia
Ukrainian family
Place of work: USA
Homestay work
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: from $2100 per month
Responsibilities:
– House cleaning 280 sq. m.
-Guidance…
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24 days ago
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Penn Hills, full-time
VACATION: Nanny – caregiver in the US with homestay Schedule 5 working days a week Family provides meals Flight at the expense of the family Location: USA, Pennsylvania Salary: $ 2,500 per month Responsibilities: -Care for two. ..
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1 day ago
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Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Chicago, full-time
VACANCY: Nanny – caregiver in the USA Work for 1 year Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off Live-in work with employer Family provides food Flight at the expense of the family Location of work: USA Salary: $ 2800 per month Responsibilities:…
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8 days ago
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Michigan City, full time
VACANCY: Nanny – Educator in the USA, Michigan
Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off
Very wealthy family
Living with an employer
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: $3,500 per…
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24 days ago
Zolotova Lika, FLP | Zaporozhye, UA
in California, full time
Two children: 3 and 5 years old.
Shift work: 3/3 months.
Working hours: 6/1.
It is important that the nanny is experienced and knows how to handle two young children. How to overcome conflicts between children. I understood…
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August 23, 2022
Yatskovskaya M.K., FOP | Melitopol, UA
in California, full time
We are applying for a job up to a Nanny. California, USA. RFP: 3000 dollars. Witrati on the road sіm’ya pay. Two children: 3 and 5 years. Rotational work method: 3/3 months; 6/1. Gromadyanstvo EU + visa. It’s important that the nanny was informed and knew that…
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August 12, 2022
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Chicago, full time
VACANCY: Nanny in USA, Chicago
Work for half a year
Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off
Very wealthy family
Living with an employer
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: $3,500 per…
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August 11, 2022
Your Nanny FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Chicago, part-time
VACANCY: Nanny in the USA
Schedule 2/2 with a second nanny
Place of work: USA
Homestay work
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: from 1800 dollars per month
Responsibilities:
– Caring for a 1 year old
-Organization. ..
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August 5, 2022
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Atlanta, full time
VACANCY: Nanny in the USA, Atlanta
Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off
Living with an employer
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: $3500 per month
Responsibilities:
– Caring for a 2 year old child,
-Organization…
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July 29, 2022
Family Service Agency, ChP | Kyiv, UA
in Washington, full time, work experience from 5 years and above, vocational secondary
Need a nanny – housekeeper. Obov’yazkova nayavnist vіzi in the United States, auto rights. Obov’yazki: Take two children at the cages 1.6 years and 5 years. Drive by car to the nursery until the 8th wound. For the duration of the day – often cleaning the house, …
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July 9, 2022
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in California City, full time
VACANCY: Nanny in the USA
Work for half a year
Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off
Very wealthy family
Living with an employer
The family provides food
Family travel
Place of work: USA
Salary: $3000 per. ..
Save
July 5, 2022
World Corporation | Kyiv, UA
in San Diego, full time, work experience from 1 year and above
Russian-speaking family is looking for a nanny and housekeeper all rolled into one. Three children 5 and 6 years old boys and a girl 2 years old. Main responsibilities: cleaning a 2-storey house, cooking, collecting children for school and garden. Female Requirements: Age…
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July 1, 2022
New York Rangers – Tampa Bay Lightning. Online broadcast 04 June 03:00
Sports
In the second match of the 1/2 finals of the Stanley Cup, the New York Rangers met on their ice with the Tamba Bay Lightning. The first meeting ended with a score of 6:2 in favor of the Rangers. Gazeta.Ru broadcast the match online.
NHL – playoffs. Final – East. Game 2
Finished
Jun 04 03:00
New York Rangers
New York
3 : 2
Tampa Bay Lightning
Tampa
1st period
05’59”
Miller
17’32”
Kakko
02’41”
Kucherov
2nd period
3rd period
41’21”
Zibanejad
57’58”
Floor
Match over
We actually watched a chic match! The Rangers as a whole dominated and won on the case, but Tampa played in segments so that the hosts themselves survived. And in the end, the Lightning almost won back both deficit goals with six of them. The New Yorkers’ lead is solid now, but nothing in this series is clear. We are waiting for the third match, it will be held in Tampa. For now, let’s say goodbye. Thank you for being with us and see you again. The broadcast was hosted by Alexander Sedov.
’60
All – siren! The Rangers took a 2-0 lead in the series!
’60
Stamkos won the faceoff but Hedman missed the target from a good position! The Rangers were kicked out of the zone, and Tampa was offside. 4.7 seconds left. Throw-in in the middle zone.
’60
Another pass. The Rangers were helped to kill some time by a won faceoff. 28 seconds before the siren.
’60
John Cooper naturally took time out.
’60
MIRACULOUSLY CLEARED BY THE RANGERS NOW! Tampa seems to have created more chances in 25 seconds than in the entire game. Kucherov generated chances, and the partners flogged. As a result, Zibanejad threw a nickel into someone else’s zong. I didn’t hit the gate, so there will be a icing. 37 seconds to siren. This is a lot.
’59
The gate is empty again!
’59
While Vasilevsky is at the gate. But now the first link will return to the ice, and it will leave the target.
’58
GOOOOOOOOOOOOOOL! Nick Paul – 3:2! Hockey players “Tampa” played smartly! Kucherov dragged the puck into the zone, moved to the center, beating the defender, gave it to Perry, who redirected Paul in touch, and he ran around Shesterkin and sent the puck into the goal! Intrigue!
’57
Yes, the gates of Tampa are already empty.
’57
Stamkos’ snap after a face-off won in another zone – Shesterkin catches!
’56
Tampa fought back – guests in full force. But they don’t have much time, and they need to win back two goals.
’56
Vasilevsky managed to move and parried Panarin’s click from the left circle of face-off into the near corner with a shield.
’55
Quietly passes most of the Rangers. The hosts are trying to play to the right, but so far it has not come out.
’54
Here is the removal! Just not in that direction. Victor Hedman went to the penalty box for tripping Alexis Lafrenier! Two minutes majority for the Rangers!
’52
Perhaps, “Tampa” could save one or two majority. But the problem is that the hosts don’t break the rules…
’50
A couple of Shesterkin saves. Not super-goal chances, but Paul’s activity could lead to a goal.
’49
26-23 on shots on target. There is no way to turn the game around for Tampa. Rather, on the contrary.
’47
Nick Paul created a great moment for Maroon, but Patrick couldn’t outplay Shesterkin on a nickel! And in a reciprocal attack, Vasilevsky deflected Lafrenier’s throw with his shield.
’46
Shesterkin parried Maroon’s long-range shot, and then Patrick picked up the puck himself, rolled along the left edge and gave to Futa for a nickel. He set up a stick, but the puck went over the crossbar!
’45
In one attack, first Hagel threw, and then Chernak from the rebound after a pause, and almost finished off the guests from a penny!
’44
Vasilevskiy deflected a shot from Kopp, who caught up with the puck, from an acute angle with his pads.
’43
This is the 18th goal conceded by Vasilevsky to the top of the pancake gate in this playoff. More than all other zones together!
’42
GOOOOOOOOOOL! Mika Zibanejad – 3:1! First, the Swede brought Vatrano to the shot, but Vasilevsky dragged, and then Kucherov lost the puck in the middle zone, and Fox, who intercepted, gave it to the same Zibanezhad into the left circle, and Mika threw it on horseback into the near one!
’41
Let’s go! The third period has started.
Break
Tampa frankly survived in the second period thanks to Andrey Vasilevsky’s phenomenal game, but in the end, not least thanks to John Cooper’s permutations, they were able to fire, showing signs of life. On rolls of 22-17, the Lightning pulled up. We are resting and looking forward to the third 20-minute segment of the match!
’40
Siren on break. Wow, what an interesting end to the second period!
’40
Shesterkin dragged Kucherov’s click, and Palat was not allowed to play the last hit.
’39
Cooper combined Stamkos and Kucherov into one link, and this immediately paid off after the face-off won in a foreign zone. One of the Rangers players lost a stick, and Stamkos beat the other one and advanced to a distant nickel. However, the throw was blocked!
’37
Zak Bogosian last minute prevented Zibanezhad, who had already broken through to the gate, from being thrown.
’36
Cirelli managed to catch the puck that flew into the opponent’s zone and landed there, and his pass to the far post turned into a shot due to a rebound. But Shesterkin reacted and deflected with his shield!
’35
Nick Paul was able to turn around in the zone and shoot, and the puck beat off by Shesterkin was finished off by Colton – again Igor was in place.
’34
Kucherov organized Tampa’s positional attack, but it did not end with a throw even towards the goal.
’33
Another couple of Vasilevsky’s saves. Against the background of the rest, they already seem to be on duty.
’32
Lafrenier found Khitil in a lethal position, but Vasilevsky caught the Czech shot with a trap!
’31
Kreider was looking for a pass and suddenly suddenly threw down from the starboard side into the near corner. But Big Cat Vasilevsky, of course, read it.
’30
Strome intercepted the puck, and together with Panarin Kopp, they rolled out 3 in 1, but the pass of the latter through McDonagh, who was sprawled on the ice, did not pass!
’30
Bellmar found a sharp shot from the middle distance on the rebounded puck, but Shesterkin was on the alert and parried with a trap.
’29
Meanwhile, 17-8 already on shots on target! 9-1 in the second period. Who needs to play?
’29
With tremendous difficulty, the guests fought back – in the full complement of Tampa Bay.
’28
The Rangers won the throw-in in the opponent’s zone, and Vatrano hit hard from the blue line, while Lafrenier put his stick on the rebound. Everything crashed against Vasilevsky.
’27
Another portion of saves from Vasilevsky. The most dangerous was the throw of Panarin, who rolled out onto the gate on the right. Andrey reflected it with a shield.
’26
It all ended in a skirmish behind the goal, and in it Cal Foot was sent off for being rude against Andrew Kopp. Two minutes majority for the already dominant Rangers.
’26
So, Vasilevsky turned on the wall mode and leaves Tampa in the game. First, a save on Panarin, which rolled out across the free space, and then another caught Hitil throw from the backhand from an acute angle.
’25
Vasilevsky repelled two most dangerous shots at his own goal in a row! First, Zibanejad gave Ryan Lindgren a click to touch from the right circle , then Vatrano from the left after a pass from behind the gate and also to touch.
’24
Reeves fueled Mott to Vasilevsky’s gate. Tyler again threw down, and the Russian goalkeeper parried, but the puck rolled out behind him almost to the line. Defender , who rushed there, threw the disc with his hand towards the goalkeeper, and then there was a commotion on the penny, but the Rangers failed to push the puck into the net!
’23
Khitil intercepted an imprudent pass on a pierce from Sergachev in the Tampa zone and made a pass with a throw to a nickel. With difficulty, the Lightning defenders took the puck away from the goal, but the attack continued, and Lafrenier’s shot from close range changed its trajectory from the defender who rushed towards him and flew into the ROOM!
’22
Andrew Kopp, as if nothing had happened, took Hedman’s 92 mph click to the end and drove on.
’22
Cernak landed a shot close to the target from the blue line in Tampa’s positional attack set up by Kucherov, Palat and Cirelli.
’21
Let’s go! The second period has started.
Break
Tampa started very powerfully, as a result, they earned the majority, even though the removal of Reeves was stupid, and implemented it. The guests suppressed for another minute, and then the hosts turned on so that the Lightning faltered. Twice she played in the minority, but held on, but in equal compositions she received two goals. And such a development of events as a whole looks natural in the game. Although there are only 8-7 shots on target. We are waiting for the second 20-minute.
’20
Without throws, although in constant attempts to reach them, the teams finished the first period – siren.
’19
Cirelli robbed K’Andre Miller in the depths of the alien zone and rushed to the goal, but the Trumpet was able to block the throw. A few seconds later, Shesterkin was able to make a save on Killorn.
’18
GOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOL! Kaapo Kakko – 2:1! And again “Kid-line”! It all started with an icing, although Hedman tried to pass to a partner. And after the throw-in in the Tampa zone, Vasilevsky dragged Lafrenier’s throw, which should have already become a goal, but in the continuation of the attack, Hitil found Fox in the left circle of the face-off, and he gave it to the far post to Kakko, who was hiding there. Finn turned his stick and moved the puck to nine!
’17
Kucherov was knocked over in the Rangers zone, not allowing him to quit. Everything is according to the rules. Like a wall, Nikita crashed into K’Andre Miller. Collision of two authors of goals.
’16
On shots on target now 6-6. This is not much, but the game is super bright and rich. Stamkos, by the way, just after leaving the penalty box, according to the rules, already split one of the “rangers” at the side. No mercy.
’15
In full force “Tampa”. For the second time in the minority, the guests survived today.
’14
Lafrenier, in a fight with a defender on a penny, put his stick under Kopp’s pass from the corner, but the puck did not reach the target. The attack continued, and Truba fired at the goal from the blue one – inaccurately.
’13
Vasilevsky shield reflects Zibanezhad’s click from the left circle to the touch!
’13
Another removal from the guests. Now under pressure from the Rangers Steven Stamkos hit Panarin with a stick. Second consecutive majority of the hosts.
’12
Tyler Mott blocked Hedman’s shot near the blue line, ran with the puck to the goal and threw it with an uncomfortable shot, despite the pressure – the ROOM saved Tampa!
’11
A very high-quality majority was held by the Blueshirts, but it ended – in full Tampa Bay.
’10
Zibanejad backhanded from the left circle past the near nine on the puck that bounced off the penny after Panarin’s pass on Strome. The attack continued, and Vasilevsky’s next save stopped the game.
’10
The hosts immediately played great after the throw-in, but Vasilevsky caught the puck after Panarin’s mighty shot!
‘9
For a foul on Chris Kreider outside the Tampa goal , Eric Cernak was penalized with a two-minute penalty. Most Rangers to score in their last six games, including the first of this series.
‘9
Killorn in the attack of “Tampa” with a pass from the board brought Stamkos 1 to 0 to Shesterkin. The captain of the Lightning did everything great, although he had a protector hanging on him, but Shesterkin with his foot did not allow the puck to be rolled into the corner, and then he also repelled the finishing off of Killorn, who rolled but failed to pick up the puck, with his left shield.
‘7
3-4 already on shots on target, and after a powerful start to the guests, the Rangers responded with their impressive stretch. And both teams converted the game advantage into goals.
‘6
GOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOL! K’Andre Miller – 1:1! Alex Killorn rolled down the right side into the alien zone, but Jacob Truba blocked the shot. A massive attack of the hosts went on the move. Chris Kreider gave Frank Vatrano aboard, who found Miller on the blue line. Brandon Hagel rushed under the click and blocked it, but the defender picked up the rebounded puck and flashed Vasilevsky with a wrist shot!
‘6
“Kid-line” in action. The “Rangers” won the fight in a foreign zone, and Kaapo Kakko threw from under the defender past the near nine. The attack continued, and as a result, one of the heroes of the first meeting Philip Khitil attacked from the left circle – Vasilevsky took the puck with his chest and set up a trap.
‘6
Fox made a spectacular spinorama in the Tampa zone and found Panarin in the corner, and he was already making a pass for a nickel to a killer position, but the puck hit the well-placed Tampa defender.
‘5
Panarin intercepted the pass of Hedman and Rutta on the blue line, ran 1 v 0 with the Swede catching up in the face of a mistake and softly put the disc down on the target – Vasilevsky was able to save!
‘5
John Cooper’s team literally rolls under the ice of the hosts. Shesterkin dragged Paul’s throw from an acute angle , and in the second phase of the attack Stamkos attacked after a pass from behind the gate from a far nickel – next to the nine.
‘4
Tampa is 7-1 in this playoff when they open the scoring. Only Toronto lost once, and with 2:0. Well, Kucherov tried to throw 12 times in the first match, hit the target seven times, and then scored with the first throw!
‘3
GOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOL! Nikita Kucherov – 0:1! Steven Stamkos won the face-off, Anthony Cirelli pushed back Victor Hedman, who instantly moved Nikita Kucherov, who had already rolled back to the face-off circle, to the right side, and Corey Perry blocked Shesterkin’s view.
‘3
And here is the first removal in the match. Rudeness Ryan Reeves , who crawls under the skin of all rivals and reinforces this matter with muscles, this time is punished. Argued with Patrick Maroon before the throw-in. And then Reeves was aggressive for the second time before the throw-in and got a penalty for being rude. Most for Tampa.
‘3
So far, teams are practically playing without a goal. Shesterkin and Vasilevsky scored once in the game with a stick. The goalkeeper of the hosts made a long pass on top under someone else’s blue line, and his counterpart held the puck behind the net, and after a pause made an unexpected soft pass to his nickel. The pass is dangerous, but no one expected it, and the pass went through.
‘2
The first shot on goal in the match for Tampa, but Shesterkin did it without any problems.
‘1
Come on! The match has begun.
03:08
Igor Shesterkin defending the New York Rangers goal, Andrey Vasilevsky on the last line of the Tampa Bay Lightning. The lineups are the same as in the first game. Tampa still play without Braden Point, who was injured in Game 7 against Toronto in the first round.
03:05
Separately, it is worth noting how Vasilevsky responds to defeats in the playoffs. Andrey defended the Lightning gate in all 17 matches after failures, conceded only 28 goals in them with a reliability coefficient of 1.47, and also repelled 94.2% of shots. The game of goalkeepers today will again be a key factor.
03:00
If the New Yorkers still manage to win the second match in a row, they will become series favorites and advance with a probability of 86.5%. This is the number of times in the NHL that the team that wins the first two games at home wins the series in the playoffs.
02:55
And here I must say about a very interesting detail. For the past 17 games in the playoffs in a row (since 2020), Tampa Bay has always responded to a defeat with a victory. Is always! The last time she was beaten twice in a row by Columbus in the first round of the 2019 Cup. Then it all ended with a sensational sweep in favor of the team of Artemy Panarin and Sergey Bobrovsky – 4-0. Panarin is still against Tampa today, while Bobrovsky was in the previous round with Florida, who won the regular season, and got 0-4 himself. Always responding with victory for defeat, the Lightning have already won two Stanley Cups in a row and are on their way to the third.
02:50
In the first match of the series, the Rangers won a very confident victory with a score of 6:2. There were many components of success, each of which is important in its own way. Igor Shesterkin played brilliantly and saved a lot, especially in the first period; field players were charged, powerfully started each of the periods and scored quick goals in the second and third, and even two in the second – one in response to a quick return goal from the guests; “Tampa” was somewhat sluggish, academic, or something; Andrey Vasilevsky did not have the best meeting, missing a pancake. We’ll see what happens today.
02:45
Hello dear hockey fans! Gazeta.Ru brings to your attention the second match of the 1/2 finals of the Stanley Cup, in which the New York Rangers host the Tampa Bay Lightning.
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Availability of an Au Pair: the history of the host woman
–Skills–EnglishالعربيـةEspañolFrançaisBahasa Indonesia日本語한국어PortuguêsRussianภาษาไทยTürkçeTiếng Việt简体中文繁體中文 9 Pietro Rossini with Rachel Flume
Rachel Flume is a mother of three in a small town in Massachusetts. (In the photo above, Rachel is seen with her husband and children, along with Paloma, who is on the left.)
A few months before the US pandemic, Rachel was looking for someone to take care of her children while she was busy with work.
Over the years she has tried all kinds of organization: family childcare, babysitting, big kindergartens, “we tried everything,” Flum said in an interview.
“I live in a city where not many families have au pairs, but a few of my friends have tried them and loved the experience,” she said.
Eventually, in 2019, Rachel met some friends who were so excited about the Au Pair program that they convinced her to take a picture.
“I found babysitting to be very expensive and I was looking for something more affordable,” Flum said. “And I thought an au pair would be the best solution for me.”
However, immediately after Rachel made this decision, the Massachusetts government increased the salary of an au pair from $4 an hour to a minimum wage of $13.75 an hour.
While au pairs are more expensive in Massachusetts than in other states, “it’s still cheaper than having a full-time nanny and a lot easier for parents,” Flume said.
Paloma, Rachel’s au pair from Brazil, finally arrived in November 2019of the year. She is a cheerful and sociable girl. She takes care of Rachel’s children while their parents work.
“When we were choosing which au pair to live in our house, we were looking for someone who would have a lot of driving experience,” said Flum. “My kids go to school in Rhode Island and I needed someone to take them this far.”
Paloma was useful not only because she took care of the children and drove them to school: “My 16-year-old eldest daughter considers Paloma her big sister,” said Flum. “Paloma brought joy to our home with her cheerful nature.”
However, everyone who lives abroad experiences times of homesickness. “I also lived abroad,” Flum said. “So, I can sympathize with Paloma as she goes through moments like this.”
Moreover, since the pandemic is still ongoing in many countries, Paloma cannot return to Brazil. “She won’t be able to return to the States if she leaves the country,” Flume said. This makes life even more difficult for international students and au pairs in the US.
Paloma was also a “good excuse” to get out of the house during the pandemic for Rachel’s family. “We went apple picking and showed Paloma around Massachusetts,” Flume said. “My older kids wouldn’t agree to go on many trips if Paloma wasn’t there.”
Paloma with one of Rachel’s children at the exhibition
Paloma also helped Rachel’s family taste Brazilian cuisine and learn more about its culture. “She brought my kids a great understanding of how different cultures are,” Flum shared. “So they were able to see that people are living very different lives in other parts of the world.”
Rachel liked the au pair program, but said that while au pairs handle all visa and immigration paperwork, they don’t help families keep in touch and network.
“Au Pairs have their own way of building communities,” said Flum. “But this is not the case for families. This is something that can be improved in this experience.”
Rachel suggested that other families have an au pair: “We decided to try and hire an au pair for just one year,” Flum shared. “It’s been two years now and this is the best risk we’ve ever taken!”
Pietro Rossini is a Xaverian missionary and ESL student at Framingham State University. This fall, he will attend Boston University, where he will study for a master’s degree in journalism. His dream is to collect and share the stories of mankind around the globe, making the world one family.
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November 30, 2021, 10:16
Maria Grigorieva
Amendments to the Labor Code came into force on
Laws on additional guarantees of labor rights for workers with children and for those who care for people with disabilities of the first group come into force.
On November 30, significant changes to the Labor Code came into force in Russia. It introduces additional restrictions on the involvement of employees to work after hours. The list of those who are entitled to additional vacations has also been expanded.
Who else is entitled to additional annual leave without pay? These are employees caring for disabled people of group I (provided at a time convenient for the employee, duration – up to 14 calendar days).
One of the laws concerns the guarantees of labor rights for workers with children and caregivers of people with disabilities of the first group. They have now been equated with the category of citizens entitled to an additional two-week unpaid leave.
Previously on this list were parents of two or more children under 14, parents of children with disabilities, and single fathers and mothers.
In the case of those who care for the disabled of the first group, there is an important caveat: additional leave without pay is guaranteed only if there is a collective agreement.
“In order for an employee who cares for a disabled relative to receive such a guarantee as additional leave without pay, you need to check whether the organization where he works, in principle, has a collective agreement, and if it is, then see if there is If there is no such guarantee, because if there is no collective agreement or there is a collective agreement, but such a guarantee is not provided for, then leave without pay will already be provided by agreement with the employer,” explained Alexander Yuzhalin, an expert in labor law at Superjob.
According to Vice Speaker of the Federation Council Galina Karelova, the purpose of the innovations was to create more comfortable working conditions without prejudice to the educational process or care for citizens with disabilities.
In addition, there are changes in favor of large families. If there are three or more dependent children under the age of 18, they can take leave when it is convenient for them.
“In our Labor Code, amendments have been made regarding vacations for citizens with three children under the age of 18. This is the right of parents, respectively, to go on vacation at a convenient time for them,” said a professor at the Financial University under the Government RF Alexander Safonov.
Who cannot be involved in overtime work without voluntary consent, including at night and on holidays: single parents, if the child is under 14 years old, families where one of the parents works (if they are raising three or more children) on a rotational basis.
Another amendment to the Labor Code deals with night work. That is – from 10 pm to 6 am, overtime, as well as on weekends, holidays and non-working days. Now, mothers and fathers raising children under the age of 14 cannot be assigned to such shifts without written consent if they are single or if one of the parents works on a rotational basis. The same applies to parents of three or more children under 18 if the youngest is under 14.
In each case, the employer must notify such employees in writing that they have the right to refuse additional or night work. In addition, the new legislation returned to the definition of the length of the working day.
The authors of the amendments to the Labor Code say that in the process of drafting the bills, specific conditions and certain life situations affecting families with children, as well as workers who care for people with disabilities, were taken into account. This creates more comfortable conditions for the implementation of labor activity without compromising the educational process or caring for those who need help.
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90,000 Tampa Bay could become a dynasty team, Ovechkin has last chance to win second Stanley Cup
The 105th (104th game) NHL season will start in North America tonight. The league is returning to the usual format of the championship after cuts and modifications due to the coronavirus. The upcoming season will be a record one for the number of participants (32) and the number of matches in the regular season (1312).
Traditionally, on the eve of the start of the NHL championship, there are a lot of different intrigues. We present you the main ones.
Will Tampa Bay become a dynasty team?
Tampa Bay could become the first NHL team in the pay cap era to win the Stanley Cup three years in a row. In this case, the Lightnings will officially become a dynasty team.
Formally, the club has everything for this. Tampa retained its top 6 offense with Kucherov and Point, the top five defensemen (Hedman, Sergachev, McDonagh, Chernak, Rutta) and the world’s best goaltender Andrei Vasilevsky. The departure of the most important third link, Goodrow – Gourde – Colman, was compensated by the acquisitions of the most experienced Cory Perry and Pierre-Edouard Bellmare. Before the season, Tampa extended the contract with head coach John Cooper.
They may be hindered by the heavy workload that the team received over the previous two seasons. Plus, during the pause for the Olympics, the main stars of the Lightning will go to their national teams – this is especially true for defense. Physically, the lightning can simply fizzle out before the decisive playoff games.
Tampa are also able to be hindered by their neighbors from Florida, who, under the leadership of Joel Quenneville, have assembled a top attacking team with Barkov, Huberdeau and Rinehart, who came in the offseason. As many Lightning players have admitted, the series against the Panthers in the last playoffs was the most difficult. Now the “Panthers” have become better, and “Tampa” has remained at about the same level.
What will Seattle’s rookie season look like?
Almost 3 years ago, the NHL announced that a club from Seattle would appear in the league from the 2021/22 season – this moment has finally come. The first match “Kraken” will hold next night against another young club, “Vegas”.
On paper, Seattle doesn’t look like a team capable of making history comparable to the Golden Knights in their first year. The club’s general manager, Ron Francis, bet more on the free agency market than on the expansion draft. Based on the results of the work, the backbone of the team was formed by goalkeeper Grubauer, defender Giordano and forwards Eberle, Schwarz, Wennberg and Donskoy.
Captain of the Seattle Kraken has a nice ring to it.
By NHL standards, Seattle put together a fairly average team, with a good defensive line, an ambiguous goaltending team, an offense that lacks top centers, and controversial trainer Dave Hakstall. However, inside the not-so-strong Pacific division, the Kraken has a chance to compete for the playoffs.
Will Vegas and Colorado meet in the West final?
Like a year ago, Colorado and Vegas are the main contenders for reaching the Stanley Cup Finals from the Western Conference. In June, due to the format of the season, the clubs met already in the second round of the playoffs, where the Knights were stronger (4-2). Now the clubs are in different divisions – if they maintain their last year’s top level, the conference final with their participation is possible.
Vegas traded current Vezina Trophy winner Marc-André Fleury to Chicago and is now betting on a pair of Lehner-Brossois goaltenders. Defense and offense have retained their top players, plus forward Evgeny Dadonov has been added. But Vegas still has not solved the problem of the first center – given the tight payroll, the chances that the situation will change during the season are quite small.
Colorado’s main problem remains goaltending. The club replaced the departed Grubauer with Darcy Kemper from Arizona, a quality goalkeeper, but in his status completely different from the goalkeeper at the level of the Stanley Cup contender team. Plus, with the departures of Donskoy and Saad, Jared Bednar may have difficulty with the depth of the attack.
Nevertheless, despite all the problems, Colorado and Vegas are the undisputed favorites of their divisions. The Western Conference Finals with their participation could be one of the best in modern league history.
Which team will be the best in Canada?
The Northern (Canadian) division has become one of the main distinguishing features of the last season. It was necessary to gather all Canadian clubs together due to problems with crossing the state border, but now the teams are returning to their usual places.
Toronto has traditionally been the top Canadian club in the league. The star four Matthews, Tavares, Marner and Nylander will continue to ignite in the new season, and they will be insured by the top 4 defense, who performed superbly in the last championship, as well as Jack Campbell, along with Petr Mrazek, who transferred from Carolina. The main question is, will the club finally manage to win the playoff series?
Another contender for the best Canadian team is the Winnipeg, who have retained their strengths in Scheifli, Wheeler, Connor and Helleback, as well as significantly strengthened its most problematic position of recent years – defense. The line-up was replenished by Nate Schmidt and Brenden Dillon.
A trio of Canadian Pacific Division clubs Edmonton, Calgary and Vancouver will battle each other for a playoff spot. The Oilers have a stellar connection between McDavid and Draisaitl, the Flames have an even roster in all positions and champion coach Daryl Sutter, the Canucks have young stars Pettersson, Hughes, Beser, as well as Russian debutant Vasily Podkolzin.
Last year’s finalist Montreal lost star guard Shea Weber until the end of the season, and will also not be able to count on his star goaltender Carey Price at the start due to his mental difficulties. It is possible that the Khabs will repeat the path of Dallas and will remain out of the playoffs the next year after the final.
Ottawa makes no claims. There we will follow the further development of the club’s young stars Tkachak, Norris, Stulze, Baterson and Shabo, as well as the game of two Russian defenders of the level of the Olympic team Nikita Zaitsev and Artem Zub.
Is Ovechkin’s Washington the last chance to win the championship?
Alexander Ovechkin’s 5-year contract for $9.5 million a year, signed by him in the off-season, is a joyful event for the club’s fans. But from the point of view of cup prospects in future seasons, this contract will seriously complicate the work of the Capitals management to strengthen the depth of the squad.
In fact, the upcoming season is the last chance for the club in the Ovechkin era to win another Stanley Cup. The Capitals retained 90% of their last year’s roster, which is the oldest in the league. Peter Laviolette will work with a team already known to him and will try in his usual manner to achieve results in a short time.
Last season, many Washington stars had questions. Including, to Evgeny Kuznetsov, who was almost traded from the club before the Seattle expansion draft. According to rumors, there were several conversations between the Russian and the Capitals, as a result of which the player assured that he would be able to improve his results in the new season. In the absence of the injured Backstrom, Kuznetsov will be the Caps’ first center at the start of the season.
Complicates the task of “Washington” and the incredible strength of the division. The Islanders worked hard to reach the playoff semi-finals for the third time in a row and win it this time. When Crosby and Malkin recover, Pittsburgh will traditionally join the fight. Plus, Carolina, with young talents Aho and Svechnikov, plans to improve its result compared to last season.
What will Rangers achieve with a new coach?
Washington’s other division rival is the Rangers. The club from New York, which has one of the best players in the league, Artemy Panarin, has spent the last two seasons in the status of a young promising team. During this time, Alexi Lafrenière, Kaapo Kakko, Igor Shesterkin and Adam Fox, who won the Norris Trophy in the last championship, got to the roster.
During the off-season, the Rangers changed management and head coach. It was Gerard Gallant, who in 2018 sensationally reached the Stanley Cup final with the newcomer Vegas. The Canadian has a clear game system with which you can succeed with a quality squad.
These changes have greatly improved the status of the Rangers within the NHL. But objectively, getting into the playoffs from the first season will not be easy because of the same strength of the Capital Division. Perhaps the main rival of New York is Philadelphia, which unexpectedly failed last season and hopes to return to the previous level with the invitation of Ristolainen and Ellis, as well as the exchange of Voracek for Atkinson.
Will Kaprizov be able to work out the 45 millionth contract?
Huge attention of the entire league in the upcoming season will be turned to Minnesota, where the current owner of the Calder Trophy, Kirill Kaprizov, will have to prove his status as a top player. By the second year in the NHL, the Russian received a record contract for such cases for $9 million a year, which significantly increases the demand from the player from the club and its fans.
Minnesota’s offense is virtually unchanged from last season. Young Rossi and Baldy are the club’s future, but right now the Wild’s performance will depend on the old players. This means that in order to reach the playoffs, Kaprizov will again have to become the undisputed leader of the team.
The Russian has repeatedly proved that he can cope with psychological pressure. However, now he will have to play not against 7 league clubs 8 times, but against 31 clubs at least once. A big test for Kaprizov, which will be very interesting to follow.
the largest care – English translation
Proportionally the largest increase was in the system providing care for children in a family-like environment.
Family day care accounted for the greatest proportional increase in day care places.
care Care for
Night care
This is the largest angle .
That’s the largest one.
On four the largest .
Four should have the highest .
Greatest common denominator
Greatest common divisor
The most traffic is over there.
Care.
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Care.
1996.
care
Quit?
MAINTENANCE
Part One The Departure 9
The radio is the medium with the widest coverage.
the most advanced spark timing
Sometimes failure brings the greatest success.
Sometimes there is no success like failure.
The greatest shift is taking place in education.
The greatest shift is educational.
b) the most advanced most spark timing
1094
This is the most damaging drug policy.
It has been the most detrimental to drug policy.
To ensure better coverage an additional two villages have rayon offices, with a total of 13 advisors 5 agronomists, 5 veterinarians (reflecting the more important live stock sector) and 3 livestock technicians.
The language automatically has the highest priority .
Since language is a critical factor in making speech understandable, it is always a preferred attribute. It is rare that you will use this attribute. The only time you might specify the language attribute is when you know a specific application sends text in a language different from your desktop.
You’re trying to explain something to a child, and even though it seems so obvious to you, the child just doesn’t seem to understand.
They repeat the same mistake, over and over, and you become increasingly frustrated.
Well, guess what?
The child is not naughty.
They’re also not stupid.
But their lack of understanding is not your fault either.
Their cognitive development limits their ability to understand certain concepts. Specifically, they’re not capable right now of understanding what you’re trying to explain.
In this post, we’ll learn more about Jean Piaget, a famous psychologist whose ideas about cognitive development in children were extremely influential. We’ll cover quite a lot in this post, so make sure you have a cup of coffee and you’re sitting somewhere comfortable.
Before you continue, we thought you might like to download our three Positive Psychology Exercises for free. These science-based exercises explore fundamental aspects of positive psychology, including strengths, values, and self-compassion, and will give you the tools to enhance the wellbeing of your clients, students, or employees.
This Article Contains:
Who Was Jean Piaget in Psychology?
Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
1. The Sensorimotor Stage
2. The Preoperational Stage
3. The Concrete Operational Stage
4. The Formal Operational Stage
Piaget’s Theory vs Erikson’s
5 Important Concepts in Piaget’s Work
Applications in Education (+3 Classroom Games)
PositivePsychology.com’s Relevant Resources
A Take-Home Message
References
Who Was Jean Piaget in Psychology?
Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist who contributed greatly to the understanding of children’s cognitive development (Papalia & Feldman, 2011; Waite-Stupiansky, 2017).
He was born in 1896 and originally trained as a biologist and philosopher. Although he is well known for his work as a psychologist, he also published research on sparrows and mollusks (Burman, 2012; Papalia & Feldman, 2011; Waite-Stupiansky, 2017).
Piaget’s contribution to psychology was mainly through his observations of children’s cognitive development (Papalia & Feldman, 2011). Early in his career, Piaget scored the IQ tests that Alfred Binet administered to children.
Piaget noticed that children of certain ages tended to give the same types of incorrect answers. From these observations and follow-up interviews with children about these mistakes, he developed a theory of how children’s cognitive processes developed (Waite-Stupiansky, 2017).
One of the most important implications of his work is that children are not born with the same cognitive processes as adults (Papalia & Feldman, 2011). Instead, children’s cognitive processes:
develop over time,
develop in response to their environment, and
are updated with exposure to new information.
Piaget also influenced psychology in other ways. For example, he emphasized other methods of conducting research, such as the clinical method (Papalia & Feldman, 2011; Waite-Stupiansky, 2017). He relied upon the following research methods:
Naturalistic observation of play and conversation between children (including his own)
Interviewing children
Additionally, he was the first psychologist to study ‘theory of mind’ in children (Papalia & Feldman, 2011). Theory of mind is the understanding or basic sense that each of us has our own consciousness and thoughts.
Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
Piaget argued that children’s cognitive development occurs in stages (Papalia & Feldman, 2011).
Specifically, he posited that as children’s thinking develops from one stage to the next, their behavior also changes, reflecting these cognitive developments.
The stages in his theory follow a specific order, and each subsequent stage only occurs after the one before it.
These stages are:
Sensorimotor stage (0–2 years old)
Preoperational stage (2–7 years old)
Concrete operational stage (7–11 years old)
Formal operational stage (11 years old through adulthood)
1. The Sensorimotor Stage
The sensorimotor stage is the first phase of children’s cognitive development. During this stage, children primarily learn about their environment through their senses and motor activities.
The sensorimotor stage comprises six substages, where children’s behavior moves from being reflex driven to more abstract. Each substage is described briefly.
1. Use of reflexes (0–2 months)
During this stage, children typically use their reflexes. They cannot consolidate information from their sensory organs into a single, unified concept.
2. Primary circular reactions (1–4 months)
Children start to consolidate information from different sensory organs. They start to engage in behavior that satisfies the way their body feels or their needs. For example, they repeat pleasurable behaviors, and they adapt their behavior to feed from different objects. They turn to respond to sounds and sights in their environment.
3. Secondary circular reactions (4–8 months)
Children’s behaviors become more intentional, and the types of behaviors that they repeat expand to include those that result in interesting responses external to their body. For example, they might push buttons on a toy. Children also start to take more interest in their environment. They repeat behaviors that generate interesting responses.
4. Coordination of secondary schemes (8–12 months)
At this point, children’s behaviors become more goal oriented, and they can combine different behaviors to achieve goals.
5. Tertiary circular reactions (12–18 months)
Instead of performing the same actions, children try new behaviors and actions to achieve different results. These behaviors are not spontaneous or by accident, but are purposeful. Unlike primary and secondary reactions, children can combine more complicated behaviors and even perform a behavior similarly but not the same to get the desired result.
6. Mental combinations (18–24 months)
Children start to rely on mental abstractions to solve problems, use gestures and words to communicate, and can pretend. Instead of relying on numerous attempts to solve problems/puzzles, children can deliberate and carefully choose their actions.
2. The Preoperational Stage
At the end of the sensorimotor stage, children start to use mental abstractions.
At the age of two, children enter the preoperational stage, where their ability to use mental representations, rather than the physical appearance of objects or people, improves greatly.
Examples of abstract representations include engaging in pretend play and talking about events that happened in the past or people who are not currently in the room.
Other interesting cognitive advances occur during this phase. For example, children understand causality. Children also understand identities, where items and people remain the same even if they look different. For example, at some point during this stage, a caregiver dressing up as Santa Claus might not be as convincing.
In this stage, children also learn more about categorization. They can classify items based on similarities or differences. They also start to understand numbers and quantity (e.g., concepts such as ‘more’ or ‘bigger’).
Although abstract thought advances quickly in the preoperational stage, other cognitive processes develop more slowly.
For example:
Children tend to consider their own viewpoint and perspective.
Children fail to understand that two things can be the same, even if they appear different (more about this in the next section on Conservation).
Children struggle to take someone else’s point of view.
3. The Concrete Operational Stage
The next phase is the concrete operational stage, which begins around the age of seven. During this stage, children are more capable of solving problems because they can consider numerous outcomes and perspectives. All of their cognitive abilities are better developed in this stage.
Categorization abilities improve so that children can arrange items along a dimension, understand that categories have subcategories, and relate two objects to each other through a third object.
Their numerical abilities improve a lot, and they can perform more complicated mathematical operations.
Their spatial abilities are better. They are better at estimating time and distance. They can read maps and describe how to navigate from one location to another.
Conservation
During this stage, children understand the concept of conservation better and, as a result, are better at solving conservation problems. Conservation refers to the idea that things can be the same, even if they look different.
An example would be a cup of water poured into two glasses. One glass is tall and thin, while the other is short and wide. Recognizing that both glasses contain the same amount of water shows an understanding of conservation.
Children in the preoperational stage struggle with problems of conservation. For example, they struggle with tasks where the following is conserved even it appears different:
Number of items (e.g., two sets of 10 items arranged differently)
The volume of liquid (e.g., the same volume of liquid in two differently shaped glasses)
Children struggle with conservation because they can only focus on one dimension at a time; this is known as centering. For example, with the volume of liquid, they can only consider the shape of the glass, but not the shape of the glass and the volume of water.
They also do not yet understand reversibility. Irreversibility refers to a child’s inability to reverse the steps of an action in their mind, returning an object to its previous state. For example, pouring the water out of the glass back into the original cup would demonstrate the volume of the water, but children in the preoperational stage cannot understand this.
In contrast, children in the concrete operational stage can solve conservation problems. This is because children now have the following cognitive abilities:
They understand reversibility (i.e., items can be returned to original states).
They can decenter (i.e., concentrate on multiple dimensions of items, rather than just one).
They better understand identity (i.e., an item remains the same even if it looks different).
4. The Formal Operational Stage
At the age of 11, children enter the formal operational stage.
Abstract thought characterizes this stage. Children can think about abstract concepts and are not limited to a current time, person, or situation.
They can think about hypothetical situations and various possibilities, like situations that don’t exist yet, may never exist, or might be unrealistic and fantastical.
During this stage, children are capable of hypothetical-deductive reasoning, which allows them to test hypotheses and draw conclusions from the results. Unlike younger children who haphazardly approach problems, children in the formal operational stage can apply their reasoning skills to apply more complicated problems in a systematic, logical manner.
Piaget’s Theory vs Erikson’s
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is one of several theories about how children develop. Other contrasting theories include Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, and importantly for this post, Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development.
Differences
Unlike Piaget, who focused on cognitive development, Erikson emphasized healthy ego development (Papalia & Feldman, 2011). Healthy egos are developed when people resolve specific personality issues at set periods in their lives.
Specifically, each developmental stage is characterized by two conflicting personality traits, one positive and one negative. Successful resolution occurs when the positive trait is more emphasized than the other, resulting in the development of a virtue, which aids healthy resolution of subsequent stages.
As an example, between 12 and 18 months, children experience two feelings: trust and mistrust. If they resolve this crisis by balancing a healthy level of trust with mistrust, then they develop the virtue of ‘hope.’
Overall, Erikson proposed eight personality crises, five of which occur before the age of 18:
Basic trust versus mistrust ( 0–12/18 months)
Autonomy versus shame and doubt (12/18 months–3 years)
Initiative versus guilt (3–6 years)
Industry versus inferiority (6 years–puberty)
Identity versus identity confusion (puberty–young adulthood)
Not all of the developmental stages in Erikson’s theory correspond to the cognitive stages proposed by Piaget. For example, Piaget’s preoperational stages overlap with the second and third stages in Erikson’s theories.
Similarities
Like Piaget, Erikson also emphasized that children’s development occurs through interacting with the external environment, but Erikson’s stages focus more on societal influences. Both Piaget and Erikson emphasized that children are active participants in their world and that development occurs in stages.
5 Important Concepts in Piaget’s Work
Several concepts are pivotal to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Schemas and constructivism
Piaget argued that children learn about the world by interacting with it. This notion of gaining knowledge about the world is known as constructivism (Waite-Stupiansky, 2017).
Through their interactions, children construct schemas – or cognitive patterns – about how the world works (Waite-Stupiansky, 2017). These schemas come about through organization, which is how categories are formed, organizing items together based on common characteristics.
According to Piaget schemas can then be repeated and tested. For example, an infant has a schema about a rattle: shake it, and it makes a noise.
Importantly, schemas are not static, and they can be improved and updated with new information. When children learn new information, they do not disregard their previous schemas; instead, they build upon them. As a result, children’s cognitive development happens in stages as schemas are continuously updated with new information.
Adaptation
Adaptation describes how children update their current cognitive organizations and schemas with new information. Adaptation takes place in two ways: assimilation and accommodation.
Assimilation
Assimilation describes how children incorporate new information into existing schemas. For example, a child refers to dogs as ‘woofs.’ When they see a cat for the first time, they refer to the cat as a ‘woof’ too.
Accommodation
Accommodation describes how children adapt their cognitive structures to match new information in the world. Continuing with the previous example, the child realizes that dogs and cats are different. The child updates their cognitive schema of the world, and now refers to cats as ‘cats’ and dogs as ‘woofs’.
Equilibrium
Piaget’s background as a biologist influenced some of his work, notably the concept of ‘equilibrium,’ which resembles homeostasis (Waite-Stupiansky, 2017). He posited that children’s cognitive processes are aimed toward equilibrium. When children learn new information that is at odds with their current schemas, they are in an undesirable state of disequilibrium.
To achieve equilibrium, children adapt their mental instructions by:
Assimilating new information
Accommodating new information by updating their cognitive schemas
By achieving equilibrium, children learn new information.
Applications in Education (+3 Classroom Games)
One premise of constructivism is that knowledge about the world is gained and made sense of through active participation. In other words, children are not passive recipients of knowledge. They’re not empty vessels waiting to be filled with knowledge. Instead, children’s knowledge is generated when they interact with the world (Yilmaz, 2008).
Some of the education implications of this concept are that children cannot be expected to ‘just sit down and learn’ and that teaching methods that emphasize passive learning are discouraged.
An example of passive learning is reading a text without engaging with it, debating with it, or trying to connect it to real life. Instead, teaching rooted in Piaget’s theories emphasizes that children learn by interacting. Here are some examples:
Physical interaction (e.g., seeing and touching insects when learning about them)
Verbal interaction (e.g., talking about how new learning material connects to everyday experiences)
Abstract interaction (e.g., thinking about new ideas, wrestling with difficult or challenging topics, imitating or acting out concepts/ideas/people)
Play theory
Piaget (1951) argued that play is vital for children’s learning. Play is an example of assimilation, and imitation is an example of accommodation.
He argued that there are three types of games that children can play based on their cognitive development:
Practice games
Symbolic games
Games with rules
Practice games include the repetition of a particular set of actions for pure enjoyment. Although it might not seem like much, these practice games are very important for cognitive development.
Symbolic games involve make-believe scenarios and characters, and appear during the preoperational stage.
Rule-based games appear later during the concrete operational stage. As well as abstract elements, these games also include rules and consequences for violating them.
Classroom games
It’s important to tailor classroom games to match the overall development stage of the children.
For very young children in the sensorimotor stage, classroom games that rely on repetition and interesting results are best. In these games, the child repeatedly demonstrates a new skill or behavior that they have learned, reinforcing the behavior. Examples include splashing water, kicking leaves, shaking a rattle or toys, and playing with music instruments.
For children in the preoperational stage, classroom games that involve imitation are useful ways to teach new concepts. For example, children can learn about animals by pretending to be different animals (e.g., ‘roar like a lion,’ ‘jump like a frog’).
Children can also learn about social skills and social interactions by acting out certain social situations, like pretending to be a shopkeeper. Symbolic games are also used when children pretend one item is something else; for example, pretending that a stick is a lightsaber.
Rule-based games are more suitable for older children. These games can teach concepts like theory of mind, because they encourage decentering (DeVries & Kamii, 1975).
For example, in ‘Simon Says,’ children learn to watch the teacher and know that if they don’t follow the teacher, they are out. Typically, young children don’t understand rule-based games and are not good at counting or numbers.
This is why, for example, very young children don’t understand that there is a penalty for one child in ‘Musical Chairs’ (DeVries & Kamii, 1975). Young children will enjoy the game if the penalty is removed and the chairs stay the same.
Other ways that games can facilitate learning is by allowing children to make up the rules (DeVries & Kamii, 1975). New toys related to the concepts that they’re learning about should be available when children engage in unstructured play without the assistance of the teacher.
For more on this, we recommend reading our article How to Promote Cognitive Development: 23 Activities & Games.
PositivePsychology.com’s Relevant Resources
At PositivePsychology.com, you’ll find lots of exercises, tasks, and activities that you can use in the classroom. We’ve highlighted these two as examples.
The Nice Things tool is useful in teaching children compassion. Children are encouraged to recall something ‘nice.’ It could be something nice that happened to them or something nice that they did. Children are also encouraged to share these nice things with each other and the class.
Since this task requires that children have mental/abstract representations of other people and things, it is more applicable for children in the preoperational and concrete operational stages.
In the Shuffle game, children learn how to resolve conflict. In this game, the play area is marked out with a set of items. Each child starts at one item, and an extra player is in the middle. At the start of the game, children have to move to another item.
However, if two children reach the same item simultaneously, they resolve this by playing Rock–Paper–Scissors. Since this is a rule-based game, it is best suited to children in the concrete operational stage; younger children will not understand the consequences of losing Rock–Paper–Scissors.
If you’re looking for more science-based ways to help others enhance their wellbeing, this signature collection contains 17 validated positive psychology tools for practitioners. Use them to help others flourish and thrive.
A Take-Home Message
Knowing that children’s learning and understanding are limited by their cognitive development, what can you do the next time you explain something?
Use simple, age-appropriate examples.
Explain concepts simply, considering the limitations of each cognitive stage.
Encourage discussion and creativity so that they create meaningful interactions and memories.
Most importantly, remember that children are not born as ‘mini-adults.’ They do not have adult cognitive abilities, and they do not have the lifetime of experiences for these abilities to develop.
Instead, to learn, they need to participate actively with their world and the people in it. They must be exposed to new experiences and information for learning to occur, and importantly, they must have the opportunities to make mistakes.
We hope you enjoyed reading this article. Don’t forget to download our three Positive Psychology Exercises for free.
Burman, J. T. (2012). Jean Piaget: Images of a life and his factory. History of Psychology, 15(3), 283–288.
DeVries, R., & Kamii, C. (1975). Why group games? A Piagetian perspective. ERIC Clearinghouse.
Papalia, D. E., & Feldman, R. D. (2011). A child’s world: Infancy through adolescence (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Piaget, J. (1951). Play, dreams and imitation in childhood (vol. 25). Routledge.
Waite-Stupiansky, S. (2017). Jean Piaget’s constructivist theory of learning. In L. E. Cohen & S. Waite-Stupiansky (Eds.), Theories of early childhood education: Developmental, behaviorist, and critical (pp. 3–17). Routledge.
Yilmaz, K. (2008). Constructivism: Its theoretical underpinnings, variations, and implications for classroom instruction. Educational Horizons, 86(3), 161–172.
Piaget Cognitive Stages of Development
Written by Rick Ansorge
In this Article
What Are the Piaget Stages of Development?
Sensorimotor Stage
Preoperational Stage
Concrete Operational Stage
Formal Operational Stage
Concepts of Piaget’s Stages of Development
Using Piaget’s Stages of Development
What Are the Piaget Stages of Development?
Piaget’s stages of development are part of a theory about the phases of normal intellectual development, from infancy through adulthood. This includes thought, judgment, and knowledge. The stages were named after psychologist and developmental biologist Jean Piaget, who recorded the intellectual development and abilities of infants, children, and teens.
Piaget’s four stages of intellectual (or cognitive) development are:
Sensorimotor. Birth through ages 18-24 months
Preoperational. Toddlerhood (18-24 months) through early childhood (age 7)
Concrete operational. Ages 7 to 11
Formal operational. Adolescence through adulthood
Piaget acknowledged that some children may pass through the stages at different ages than the averages noted above. He also said some children may show characteristics of more than one stage at a given time.
But he insisted that:
Cognitive development always follows this sequence.
Stages cannot be skipped.
Each stage is marked by new intellectual abilities and a more complex understanding of the world.
Piaget’s 1936 theory broke new ground because he found that children’s brains work in very different ways than adults’. Before his theory, many believed that children were not yet capable of thinking as well as grown-ups.
Some experts disagree with his idea of stages. Instead, they see development as continuous. Another criticism is that Piaget didn’t consider how a child’s culture and social environment affect their development.
Sensorimotor Stage
During the early stages, according to Piaget, infants are only aware of what is right in front of them. They focus on what they see, what they are doing, and physical interactions with their immediate environment.
Because they don’t yet know how things react, they’re constantly experimenting. They shake or throw things, put things in their mouth, and learn about the world through trial and error. The later stages include goal-oriented behavior that leads to a desired result.
Between ages 7 and 9 months, infants begin to realize that an object exists even though they can no longer see it. This important milestone — known as object permanence — is a sign that memory is developing.
After infants start crawling, standing, and walking, their increased physical mobility leads to more cognitive development. Near the end of the sensorimotor stage (18-24 months), infants reach another important milestone — early language development, a sign that they are developing some symbolic abilities.
Preoperational Stage
During this stage (toddler through age 7), young children are able to think about things symbolically. Their language use becomes more mature. They also develop memory and imagination, which allows them to understand the difference between past and future, and engage in make-believe.
But their thinking is based on intuition and still not completely logical. They cannot yet grasp more complex concepts such as cause and effect, time, and comparison.
Concrete Operational Stage
At this time, elementary-age and preadolescent children — ages 7 to 11 — show logical, concrete reasoning.
Children’s thinking becomes less focused on themselves. They’re increasingly aware of external events. They begin to realize that their own thoughts and feelings are unique and may not be shared by others or may not even be part of reality.
But during this stage, most children still can’t think abstractly or hypothetically.
Formal Operational Stage
Adolescents who reach this fourth stage of intellectual development — usually at age 11-plus — are able to use symbols related to abstract concepts, such as algebra and science. They can think about things in systematic ways, come up with theories, and consider possibilities. They also can ponder abstract relationships and concepts such as justice.
Although Piaget believed in lifelong intellectual growth, he insisted that the formal operational stage is the final stage of cognitive development. He also said that continued intellectual development in adults depends on the buildup of knowledge.
Concepts of Piaget’s Stages of Development
Along with the stages of development, Piaget’s theory has several other main concepts.
Schemas are thought processes that are essentially building blocks of knowledge. A baby, for example, knows that it must make a sucking motion to eat. That’s a schema.
Assimilation is how you use your existing schemas to interpret a new situation or object. For example, a child seeing a skunk for the first time might call it a cat.
Accommodation is what happens when you change a schema, or create a new one, to fit new information you learn. The child accommodates when they understand that not all furry, four-legged creatures are cats.
Equilibrium happens when you’re able to use assimilation to fit in most of the new information you learn. So you’re not constantly adding new schemas.
Using Piaget’s Stages of Development
Piaget’s theory has influenced education and parenting. Here are some practical ways teachers and parents can put his ideas to work:
Remember that kids often learn best by doing things, rather than hearing about them. Learning to solve problems isn’t something that can be taught. It must be discovered.
The process of learning is as important (or more so) than the end result.
Don’t try to teach a child something they aren’t ready to learn. According to Piaget’s stages, kids must master one level before they move on to the next.
Kids learn as much from each other as from parents or teachers. Give them projects to do together, as well as individual tasks.
What Are They and How Are They Used?
Who was Piaget and what are his stages of development?
Jean Piaget was a Swiss developmental psychologist who studied children in the early 20th century. His theory of intellectual or cognitive development, published in 1936, is still used today in some branches of education and psychology. It focuses on children, from birth through adolescence, and characterizes different stages of development, including:
language
morals
memory
reasoning
Piaget made several assumptions about children while developing his theory:
Children build their own knowledge based on their experiences.
Children learn things on their own without influence from adults or older children.
Children are motivated to learn by nature. They don’t need rewards as motivation.
There are four stages in all:
sensorimotor stage
preoperational stage
concrete operational stage
formal operational stage
The stages cover a range of ages from birth to 2 years old to young adulthood.
Piaget’s stages are age-specific and marked by important characteristics of thought processes. They also include goals children should achieve as they move through a given stage.
There are a variety of terms Piaget used in his theory to explain cognitive development and how it’s achieved at different stages.
Schema is a term he used to represent the building blocks of knowledge. You may think of schemas as different index cards inside the brain. Each one informs the individual on how to react to new information or situations.
For example, picture a person visiting the grocery store to buy milk. In this event, the schema is a mentally stored pattern of behavior that can be applied to this situation. The person remembers how to go through the aisles, find the milk, select the preferred kind, and then pay at the register. Whenever the person is tasked with getting milk, this particular “script” or schema is recalled from memory.
Other important terms:
Assimilation is using an existing schema and applying it to a new situation or object.
Accommodation is changing approaches when an existing schema doesn’t work in a particular situation.
Equilibration is the driving force that moves all development forward. Piaget didn’t believe that development progressed steadily. Instead, it moved in leaps and bounds according to experiences.
How can caregivers use schemas?
Parents and teachers can help build a child’s various schemas to promote learning and development throughout the stages. This can be achieved by giving children plenty of exposure to the outside world. Being exposed to a variety of learning-by-doing experiences from a young age may help build up those internal index cards. Then, as children get older, it’s about broadening the experiences and applying them to new, even hypothetical, situations.
So, how exactly can Piaget’s stages be applied to education? At the root, it’s about recognizing the stage a child is currently in and catering to that developmental level.
Teachers and parents can help by providing children with different experiences or ways to explore and experiment with their environments. It’s through these experiences that children may gain understandings of different concepts in a hands-on way.
For young children entering preschool and kindergarten, Piaget’s theories align more with play-based school programs, or environments where kids are offered opportunities for trial and error, and interaction with the real world.
Piaget’s philosophy can be incorporated into any education program.
Examples include:
Providing chances for trial and error. Focus on the process of learning versus the end result.
Providing children with visual aids and other props, like models, to illustrate different ideas and concepts.
Using real-life examples to paint complex ideas, like word problems in math.
Providing chances to classify or group information. Outlines and hierarchies are good examples and allow kids to build new ideas from previous knowledge.
Offering problems that necessitate analytical or logical thinking. Brain teasers can be used as a tool in this instance.
You can also help your child throughout the stages by catering to their specific learning style at the time:
Sensorimotor
Use real objects in play activities.
Connect play to the five senses.
Implement routines for the youngest children. They are predictable and may be highly useful with developing communication.
Preoperational
Children learn best by doing. Allow them to actively interact with a variety of things in their environments, including books, people, games, and objects.
Ask questions while children are engaged in daily routines and allow them to come up with their own ideas.
Point out new things and encourage children to question you about those things.
Concrete operational
Create timelines, three dimensional models, science experiments, and other ways to manipulate abstract concepts.
Use brain teasers and riddles to foster analytical thinking.
Focus on open-ended questioning.
Formal operational
Offer step-by-step explanations of concepts and utilize charts and other visual aids.
Explore hypothetical situations. You may relate them to current events or social issues.
Broaden concepts whenever possible. For example, if talking about the Civil War, discuss other issues that have divided the country since that time.
There are some criticisms of Piaget’s stages. In particular, researchers in the 1960s and 1970s argued that Piaget may have underestimated children’s abilities by using confusing terms and particularly difficult tasks in his observations. In other studies, children have been successful with demonstrating knowledge of certain concepts or skills when they were presented in a simpler way.
Piaget’s theory also expects children of a certain stage to primarily be at that stage across the board with all tasks presented to them. Other researchers uncovered that there is a range of abilities with cognitive tasks. In other words, some children may excel or struggle in one area over another.
Piaget’s theory also explains that trying to teach children particularly advanced concepts would be unsuccessful. Yet in some cases, children may be able to learn advanced ideas even with brief instruction. Children may be more adaptable and competent than Piaget’s stages give them credit for.
Last, Piaget primarily examined white, middle-class children from developed countries in his work. As a result, his findings may be skewed to this subset of people, and may not apply as directly to other groups or locations.
Lev Vygotsky developed his theory on child development at the same time Piaget was developing his own theory. Like Piaget, Vygotsky believed that children develop through stages. Unlike Piaget, Vygotsky believed that learning and development were tied to social interactions and culture. Whereas Piaget believed that children learn through doing, Vygotsky believed that they learn through being shown.
Maria Montessori shared some ideas with Piaget, including how children move through stages. Their theories are similar until children reach age 3. In school, Montessori classrooms are more child-directed. Piaget classrooms are more teacher-directed with a focus on routine, though there is flexibility and opportunity for child-directed activities.
Jean Piaget’s work has helped people understand how knowledge is developed at different stages of childhood, starting at birth. His philosophy is still used in prekindergarten through 12th grade classrooms today. Understanding the different stages may help you better understand your own child and assist their learning development.
The 4 stages and tips for each
Piaget’s stages of development is a theory about how children learn as they grow up. It includes four distinct stages, each with different milestones and skills.
Jean Piaget was a renowned psychologist and cognitive theorist in the 20th century who focused on child development. His theories came from observing children and recording their development.
He brought attention to the idea that children are not just small adults, and he argued that the way they think is fundamentally different.
Piaget believed that children act as “little scientists,” exploring their environment to gain understanding. He thought that children do this naturally, without any adult intervention. He put forth the idea of distinct developmental stages through which children learn language, memory, and reasoning.
This article explains Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development, key concepts, and how people can use them to help children learn and develop.
The following table outlines Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development:
Babies from birth to 2 years of age use their senses and bodily movements to understand the world around them, which is why this stage is known as the sensorimotor stage.
A newborn’s first method of communication is through basic reflex actions such as sucking, flailing their arms, or shaking their head. They use their five senses of sight, touch, smell, taste, and hearing to explore their surroundings and their body.
Infants gather information about these experiences, learning how different things make them feel. They also learn to tell the difference between people, objects, textures, and sights.
During this stage, children also start to understand the concept of cause and effect. They begin to remember that certain actions will have a specific outcome and use this to plan their actions in advance.
At around 6 months, they will begin to understand object permanence. This means the child knows that objects continue to exist even if they can no longer see, hear, or feel them.
When a child has object permanence, it means they can now form a mental image, or representation, of an object instead of only reacting to experiences in their immediate environment.
Examples
Certain behaviors can indicate that a child has developed some of the key skills from this stage. For example, a child who understands cause and effect may intentionally shake a rattle to make a noise or cry in order to gain attention.
A child who understands object permanence will:
know their caregiver is still there when playing games such as Peek-A-Boo
know a toy still exists even if it is hidden under a blanket
understand they or their surroundings are still there even if they cover their eyes
During this stage, children build on object permanence and continue to develop abstract mental processes. This means they can think about things beyond the physical world, such as things that happened in the past.
They also imagine and think symbolically, and they begin to display this ability through their language and behavior.
The five key behaviors children display during this period are:
Imitation: Children can now mimic another person’s actions, even if the individual they are modeling is no longer in front of them.
Symbolic play: Children begin assigning characteristics or symbols to objects. They can project the properties of one object onto another. For example, they may pretend a stick is a sword.
Drawing: Imitation and symbolic play are both essential elements of drawing. It begins as meaningless scribbles and progresses to more accurate representations of objects and people.
Mental imagery: Children start to visualize a wide range of things in their mind. They may ask the names of objects frequently to establish associations between words and objects.
Verbal evocation of events: This means children can use words to describe and represent past events, people, or items.
The primary function of speech at this age is to externalize thinking, rather than for communication. Children may talk in a stream of consciousness and develop more sophisticated language skills as they move through this stage.
Piaget believed that children remain egocentric throughout the preoperational stage. This means they cannot understand that other people think in different ways to them or that events that take place are not always related to them.
Examples
Some examples a child is at the preoperational stage include:
imitating the way someone talks or moves even when they are not in the room
drawing people and objects from their own life but understanding they are only representations
pretending a stick is a sword or that a broom is a horse during play
imagining that they are a superhero or someone they admire
inventing an imaginary friend
Piaget theorized that at this stage, children further develop and master abstract thought and become less egocentric. They can now understand that events do not always relate to them and that others have different points of view.
Children also become able to apply logical, concrete rules to physical objects. However, they cannot yet do the same thing for abstract concepts.
The concrete operational phase centers around three elements:
Conservation and reversibility: Conservation the understanding that objects can change in size, volume, or appearance but essentially remain the same. Reversibility means that some things that have changed can return to their original state, while others cannot.
Classification: This means children can classify objects into groups and subgroups. For example, they can group objects based on color, shape, or similarities.
Seriation: Seriation is a child’s ability to group objects based on height, weight, or importance. It is an essential concept to master, as children require this skill during math and science education.
Examples
Some signs a child has learned the skills from this stage include:
knowing that water has the same properties (e.g., wetness) even when it is in different vessels or has a different color
understanding that water can freeze and then melt again but that other changes are permanent
being able to organize crayons into groups based on their color
being able to sort their toys into order, based on their size or importance
In this final stage of cognitive development, children learn more sophisticated rules of logic. They then use these rules to understand how abstract concepts work and to solve problems.
The child can analyze their environment and make deductions. They can create theories about what is possible and what might happen in the future, based on their existing knowledge.
This is known as hypothetical-deductive reasoning. It is an essential part of the formal operational stage. It allows someone to consider “What if?” A person with this skill can imagine multiple solutions and potential outcomes in a given situation.
Examples
A child at the formal operational stage can think of numerous ways of solving a single problem, then choose the best option based on how logical or successful it is likely to be.
For example, if a child has to create a model of the solar system using materials they have at home, there are a number of ways they could use them. Thinking of several possibilities and then using the one that is the most logical or effective shows they have hypothetical-deductive reasoning skills.
Children at this stage can also examine and evaluate their own thoughts and actions. For example, if they argue with a friend, they can consider how their opinions or behavior might have contributed. They can then decide how to approach the situation.
The following sections explain several important aspects of cognitive development that Piaget proposes in his theory.
Schema
Piaget included the idea of a schema into his theory of cognitive development.
A schema is a category of knowledge, or mental template, that a child develops to understand the world. It is a product of the child’s experiences.
For example, a child can develop a schema of a dog. Initially, the word “dog” only refers to the first dog they meet. However, over time, the word comes to represent and include all dogs. When a child puts this schema together, they may call every similar animal a dog before they master the category.
Schemas constantly grow and adapt as children gain new experiences, giving them the structure to acquire knowledge. Piaget suggested this occurs in two ways: assimilation and accommodation.
Assimilation means a child uses a preexisting schema to understand a new situation. For example, if they meet a new breed of dog, they may include it in their schema for “dog,” even if it looks different to dogs they have previously encountered.
Accommodation means a child adapts a pre-existing schema to fit a new experience or object. For example, if a child encounters a cat, they may add it to their schema for “dog” until someone explains that dogs and cats are different. They will then adapt their schema to this new information.
Equilibration
According to the theory, equilibration is what motivates children to continue through the stages of cognitive development.
When a child assimilates new knowledge, their worldview is inaccurate, so they are in a state of disequilibrium. This state motivates the child to accommodate new information and reach a state of equilibrium.
Piaget made many significant contributions to theories about child development, and many are still influential today. However, others have criticisms of his ideas.
Firstly, the way Piaget conducted his research would not meet the standard of research academics adhere to today. He tended to observe and interview small numbers of children in natural settings, rather than in study conditions. This meant that it was possible for the small sample size or the environment to create bias.
Additionally, he carried out his research in Western Europe and did not take into account the impact that different social and cultural practices might have on child development.
While some academics agree that there are developmental stages, they may not be as distinct or concrete as in Piaget’s theory.
Research has demonstrated that some skills develop earlier than he believed. For example, a 2021 article notes that egocentrism appears to resolve much earlier than Piaget believed, at 4 to 5 years of age rather than 7 to 11.
Piaget’s theory centers on the concept that children need to explore, interact, and experiment to gain information and understand their world. Based on this idea, educators and caregivers can help children learn by allowing them to:
use their senses to explore objects and sensations (e.g., through touch, taste, sight, smell, or hearing)
explore their physical surroundings themselves, within safe limits
learn by doing, even if they make mistakes
interact with other children who are at a similar stage of development or slightly higher
get answers to questions they have about the world
encounter new situations, objects, or challenges that create disequilibrium, as this encourages them to expand their knowledge
In later stages, word puzzles, problem-solving tasks, and logic puzzles help children’s cognitive development.
If a child is not exhibiting the behaviors or skills set out in Piaget’s theory at the exact ages he predicts, it is not necessarily cause for concern. However, parents and caregivers should speak with a pediatrician if they have any worries.
Piaget’s stages of development is a theory that children go through distinct stages from birth to adulthood, with each stage bringing new skills and milestones as they develop their knowledge of the world.
Piaget believed that children develop through a continuous drive to learn and adapt schemas, which are mental templates that help them understand things. His ideas still have a considerable impact on child psychology and approaches to education.
However, there are criticisms of Piaget’s theory, as well as alternative models of child cognitive development that also came from the 20th century, such as the ideas of Lev Vygotsky and Maria Montessori.
Jean Piaget’s 4 Stages Of Cognitive Development I Tickle Right
25 Apr Jean Piaget’s 4 Stages Of Cognitive Development
Every child is unique in an intrinsic manner. Their individuality also caters to their strengths, talents, & skillset. Although, it’s absolutely normal that they learn & grow at their own pace. Swiss Psychologist Jean Piaget believes that children take an active part in the learning process. You can think of them as scientists who perform experiments. They learn about the environment by making constant observations.
Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development centers the focus on understanding a child’s nature of intelligence. Instead of only focusing on how children acquire knowledge, the learnings of the theory suggest how children adapt to new information. During everyday errands, children come in contact with new insights. They build upon existing knowledge. It is naturally done by conforming to past experiences to blend in with the new ones.
We at Tickle Right are here to make sure that your child’s cognitive development involves learning based on actions. These actions & experiences will make your child think quicker & differently.
Table of Contents
How Jean Piaget Developed The Theory?
Jean Piaget is a Switzerland born psychologist of the 1800s. During his employment tenure in the 1920s, he was curious to understand a child’s psychological approach to logical thinking. This theory was inspired by an encounter with his own daughter & nephew. He wanted to perceive why children give incorrect answers to questions that require them to think logically. This led him to believe that a child’s mind differs in versions from an adult’s mind.
It’s naturally perceived that a child’s mind is a minor adaptation of an adult’s mind. However, Piaget’s understanding was the first ever to put light on that a child thinks differently from the way an adult does. The scope of acquiring intelligence skills develops in various stages over time. An older child is not just quick with logical thinking as a young child. Instead, there’s a difference in their thinking patterns. Adults are not more intelligent than children. It’s just about how children think differently than them.
Piaget’s theory talks in detail about a child’s cognitive development process & potential. It’s based on the actions & experiences in their early stages of life. It is then that a child builds upon the past knowledge with the present one to progress mentally.
The 4 Stages Of Cognitive Development
As per Piaget, a child’s intelligence develops over a series of stages. The route to mind-blowing cognitive development goes through a universal approach. Irrespective of the culture, your child will go through the same process. Only the pace may vary for them. Given below are the same 4 stages of a child’s cognitive development.
1. The Sensorimotor Stage: Birth to 2 Years
The sensorimotor stage includes the development of a child right from birth to 2 years of age. The following are the prime characteristics & the developmental changes in this stage:
The infant understands the world through their actions & sensations
They learn about the necessary actions – sucking, grasping, listening, & looking
They develop Object Permanence: Things will exist even if they can’t be seen or is hidden. This helps improve memory
They realize that their actions can have an effect on the world around them
Things are learned through trial & error experiences
They develop cognitive abilities – representational plays, self-differentiation from the people & objects around them
In this stage, a child learns about the world through sensory activities & movements. The main focus of this stage is to develop an understanding of object permanence. This suggests that an object exists, even if your baby can’t see it. This stage is more about experiences in early childhood. They may discover something new every second moment. Their basic senses & reflexes help them connect with the surrounding environment. The cognitive development in this stage also helps develop physical actions & language cues. During the end stage, they begin to representational thoughts.
2. The Preoperational Stage: 2 to 7 Years
The preoperational stage entails the cognitive development of children ages 2 to 7 years. The following are the prime characteristics & the developmental changes in this stage:
The child begins to give a Symbolic Thought
They begin to use words & pictures to demonstrate objects
They may tend to be egocentric & intuitive
They develop language & thinking skills
They think of things in concrete terms
In this stage, a child’s memory & imagination skills are strengthened. The previous stage can be considered a foundation stage for language development. Although, the preoperational stage sparks the emergence of language skills wholly. They learn a lot from pretend plays. Yet, they often struggle with developing empathy, and logical skills, or understanding others’ points of view. Things are still very much concrete for them. The attribute of being egocentric & intuitive at this stage is another factor. It restricts a child from not thinking beyond their point of view. However, they’ve acquired the ability to represent the world internally.
3. The Concrete Operational Stage: 7 to 11 Years
The concrete operational stage focuses on a child’s cognitive development from ages 7 to 11 years. The following are the prime characteristics & the developmental changes in this stage:
The child learns to Think Logically through concrete events
They acquire the concept of conservation
They acquire logic & organization skills but are still very concrete
They develop inductive logic
They become less egocentric & aware of the outside world
In this stage, the child becomes less egocentric. They begin to understand the perspective of other people around them. This also leads to the development of unique thoughts & feelings. The child understands that their thoughts & opinions are different from the rest. Such development is supremely marked by logical thinking & methodical manipulation. As it brings major changes in a child’s cognitive development process. They begin to figure things out in their head. This is also known as operational thinking. This helps develop a problem-solving approach for real-life roles. However, they may still struggle with hypothetical problems.
4. The Formal Operational Stage: 12 Years & Up
Piaget’s formal operational stages involve children from the ages of 12 years & older. The following are the prime characteristics & the developmental changes in this stage:
The child begins to think & deal with Abstract Concepts
They begin to reason out with hypothetical scenarios
Development of abstract thoughts
They begin to think about moral, social, philosophical, ethical, and political issues. Those that require abstract thinking.
They develop deductive logic
This is the final stage of Piaget’s cognitive development stages. It is characterized by deductive reasoning & understanding of abstract concepts. They develop the potential to think about alternative solutions to a problem. Even beyond it helps them develop scientific reasoning, abstract theories & solutions. It’s more like having the right critical thinking skills to deal with hypothetical situations systematically.
FAQs
Who was Jean Piaget?
Jean Piaget was a Switzerland born psychologist in the late 1800s. He was the first to put a systematic study on child development. He is one of the most iconic figures in the field of developmental psychology in the 20th century. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development suggested how children think differently than others. Their knowledge is built upon interactions, ideas, & experiences.
What are the main points of Jean Piaget’s theory?
The following are the main points of Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development:
The Sensorimotor Stage: Birth to 2 Years – Object permanence
The Preoperational Stage: 2 to 7 Years – Symbolic thought
The Concrete Operational Stage: 7 to 11 Years – Operational thought
The Formal Operational Stage: 12 Years & Up – Abstract concepts
What are the 3 main cognitive theories?
The following are the three main theories for cognitive development:
Piaget’s cognitive development theory
Lev Vygotsky’s social-cultural cognitive theory
Information processing theory
Takeaway
You must know that your child is unique, talented, & different from other kids. The cognitive development process journey for your child begins right after birth. And for it to happen successfully, you must expose them to the right learning environment. We at Tickle Right, tap on a child’s undiscovered potential. Our right-brain training program helps nurture kids from a wholesome perspective. It intrinsically helps develop a love for learning & skill-building.
Main Stages of Development of an Individual: 4 Stages
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The following points highlight the four main stages of development of an individual. The stages are: 1. Period of Infancy 2. Period of Early Childhood 3. Late Childhood or Pre-Adolescence 4. Adolescence.
Stage # 1. Period of Infancy:
We may call the first three years of life as the period of infancy.
We may recapitulate the same:
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a. Physical Development:
These years are marked by rapid physical development. The size increases rapidly – ten inches in the second year, in the case of boys. In due course, the trunk grows faster than the head, and the proportion between head and trunk changes. The bodily functions tend to become more stable. The body controls the new situations of change in temperature, air, sugar, salt, work, balance and equilibrium.
b. The Nervous System:
There is an increase in the number of size of nerve cells during the prenatal period. After birth, these attain maturity. The brain grows rapidly. There is a rapid improvement in the functions and structure of sensory organs. By the end of this period, the child is able to perform all the functions of seeing, hearing, testing, smelling and feeling quite clearly, and as maturely as an adult.
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c. Motor Development:
During the period of one month to two years, there is gradual development in the co-ordination and control of bodily movements.
d. Linguistic Development:
The child at birth can only cry as an expression of emotion-pleasure or pain. His cries, at 6 months age, indicate his, recognition of some new situations. By the first birthday he may utter a few words-Mama, papa. It is at one year and a half that language-development, becomes more rapid. By the age of three, the child expresses his basic thoughts.
e. Emotional Development:
The infant expresses the emotions of pain and pleasure and these are further classified into anger, disgust, fear, elation and affection. He depends upon his mother in all matters, and needs, constant attention. He feels pleasure in the company of the mother, and distress in her separation.
f. Social Development:
Mother is the first company of the infant. The father and siblings are the nest. The only social experience he gets is in the company of the family members and later on the company of a few children in the neighbourhood. It is only at the end of the period of infancy that the child begins to take notice of other infants and to play with them.
Stage # 2. Period of Early Childhood:
This period is the pre-school period between the ages of three to six. Educationally, this is the most important and impressionable age. It is the period of rapid physical and intellectual development.
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a. Physical Development:
The child at three is normally a healthy child. During this period, there is increase in the ratio of muscular development. The varied play-activities, in which he absorbs himself help in the muscular and motor development. He acquires motor skills like catching, throwing, running, jumping, climbing, scribbling, using simple tools and riding a tricycle.
b. Linguistic Development:
There is rapid increase in vocabulary. Words are combined into coherent phrases and sentences, and simple thoughts are communicated with ease. Language development is also affected by the socio-economic environment at home. Better social environment and greater attention by parents helps in increased speech development. A second language other than the mother tongue tight cause linguistic interference.
c. Emotional Development:
The emotional behaviour of the child at this stage is further differentiated into affection for parents, affection for other members of family, attraction for play-mates, hope, disappointment, anxiety, shame, jealousy, hatred and fear. He still retains to some degree an attitude of dependence on parents. He is still largely guided by his innate tendencies and instincts.
There is a chain of feelings of submission and elation, which alternate frequently. His moral behaviour also is directed by his emotions, the pleasure and pain. Again, at this stage, his emotions begin to be organised into sentiments. The most primitive sentiment is his love for his own self. This stage is therefore, called the stage of ‘Narcissism’ auto-erotism or self-love.
The word ‘Narcissism’ has been taken from a Greek legend of Narcissus where the theme is ‘falling in love with ourselves’. Clearly the child wants attention for himself. But soon the child extends his sentiment to his parents. He develops a deep sentiment of affection for his parents. According to Freud, the boy loves the mother, and the girl is attached to the father. Thus, he gives two technical names – Oedipus Complex and Elektra Complex, taken from Greek mythology.
Oedipus was the hero who stayed his father and married his mother. Elektra was the heroine who loved her father Agamemnon, and got her mother slayed. We may not admit the truth of the Freudian theory to the, degree Freud state. But, it is certain that at this stage, a boy has got great attachment for his mother, and the girl for her father. This leads us to the importance of having women teachers in the nursery schools for boys, and men teachers for girls. The boys look at the lady teachers as mother substitutes.
d. Intellectual Development:
At this stage, the child has got varied experiences connected with his immediate environment. He has accumulated a fund of knowledge. He can attend to his basic needs of feelings, clothing etc. himself. He learns the rudiments of reading and writing through play-activities. Montessori apparatus and Kindergarten gifts play an important role in his early education at this period.
Since this is the most impressionable stage of development, the pre-school education has assumed greater importance in the eye of modern psychologists. The instincts of curiosity, constructiveness and acquisition and the innate tendency of play work wonders at this stage. The child is again profusely imaginative.
This stage is also called the stage of fantasy, for the child may sojourn in the realms of imaginary worlds in order to escape the harsh realities of his immediate environment. He finds himself in the company of a compassionate and loving fairly, a goddess or godfather.
Imitation and make-believe are also at the climax during this stage. Most of the play-activities are characterised by irritation and make-believe, perhaps a preparation for the future.
e. Social Development:
The primary social milieu for the child is the family. It is here that he gets the first lessons, in social intercourse. He learns how to behave, talk and converse with the family members. His second experience is in the neighbourhood. He might feel shocked to observe that the social atmosphere in the neighbourhood is not similar to that at home. But this stock is necessary as it forms a prerequisite for the later social experience in the nursery school.
He begins to have playmate, to develop friendship with other children, and to steer his way amongst them with self-reliance. He may become member of a group. It is here that he obtains a complex social behaviour characterised by co-operation, sympathy, social approval, teasing, bullying, quarrelling and rivalry.
Stage # 3. Late Childhood or Pre-adolescence:
This is the period between 6 and 12 years of age, beginning with the entry into school and ending in the advent of puberty. This is the period of excellence and pseudo-maturity. New interests develop and except maturity in sex, there is maturity in other physical and mental spheres. As regards, sex, it remains dormant, but emerges with great force at the end of this stage. It is therefore that this stage, is called ‘latency period’.
a. Physical Development:
This is the period of steady growth. The first teeth are replaced by the permanent set. The bones become harden. The height and weight increase. There is improvement in motor development, skill and endurance. A child at this stage is physically restless. He must engage himself into one or the other activity.
b. Mental Development:
This is the age of intellectual advancement, when new experiences are acquired and applied. The child develops powers of observation, reasoning and abstract thinking. He accumulates a large amount of knowledge and information. He learns the three R’s-reading, writing and arithmetic. He is able to read books, and derive information and pleasure. His power of perception becomes keen.
His memory (remembering, recognising and recalling) becomes keener. This gives place to logical thinking. Physically and intellectually, this is the period of stability. His I.Q., also becomes stable and indicates the degree of his intellectual capacity for future. He displays interest in reading different types of works. A boy loves adventure and fairy tales, and a girl loves fairy tales, mild romance and biographies.
c. Social Development:
During this period, there is further development of social traits like ‘co-operation and team-spirit. Gregarious instinct ripens at this stage, and it gets numerous opportunities for fulfillment while the child comes into contact with children of his age in the neighbourhood and in the school. Now the child tries to loosen the shackles of the family ties.
He becomes increasingly independent of his parents, whom he considers merely convenient persons to provide food and shelter. He becomes member of a gang or band, and plays all sorts of mischief with the elders when these work. He asserts himself in the gang, and sometimes becomes a hero or a leader.
In words of Ross, “he no longer ploughs his lovely furrow, but finds the company of others like himself an indispensable means of self-assertion” In the wake of asserting ones self, the self centred behaviour sometimes gives rise to jealousies quarrels and aggression. But he learns one important lesson.
He is ruled by public opinion, and becomes conscious of his allegiance to his gang, whose dictates he complies silently any at and cost (even at the cost of resentment of his parents).
Social development takes place mostly at the playfield. Boys usually take exuberant interest in competiting games like football, hockey, kabaddi and khokho. The girls usually prefer indoor games, but given the opportunity, they show interest in badminton and skipping. The team spirit develops here, but there are numerous chances of quarrels.
Boys indulge into physical combat; and girls into verbal fight or pulling each other’s hair. Boys like biking, climbing and mischief-making. Girls at this stage, show interest in music, painting, needlework and dancing.
d. Moral Development:
The conduct of the young boy is mostly governed by the mores of his group. To some extent, the consciousness of right or wrong is determined by the religious and moral training received at home. The rebukes of the parents work as deterrents. But the more his parents are aggressive, the less are the children co-operative. The parents have to be very careful in dealing with the child.
The child may flout the authority of the parents. But he dare not challenge the gang. This is, what is called ‘school boy morality’. Such moral behaviour is dangerous only when the group is not lead properly by the school authorities. The group can work wonders, if its energies ire channelised to altruistic works.
But this is the period, when altruism is not understood by the child. His main interest is to engage himself in outdoor activities, with an ‘one-ward look’. He is an extrovert, and he is intensely curious to know the world around. He is more practical than he was during the infancy, or will be during adolescence.
Stage # 4. Adolescence:
a. The Nomenclature:
What is exactly the period of adolescence? When does it begin and when does it end? From the biological point of view, adolescence is the stage when puberty dawns. Hence it may begin with 13 and go up to 20. There are marked physiological changes in this period, especially with regard to sex. posting
These changes are discussed below. But there is no rigid uniformity as regards the beginning of these changes. Among boys the puberty period is usually between 13 and 17, but among girls 11 to 16. The onslaught of puberty depends upon numerous factors such as sex, standard of living, health and climate. Culturally, adolescence period varies from community to community.
In some communities marriage among girls takes place quite early – as early as 13. Even boys are made to marry and start some profession at the age of 16. Practically adolescence ends when adulthood is thrust upon them quite early. In middle-class families, the tendency to delay the marriage even to 25 among girls, and to engage them in higher studies, prolongs the adolescence period.
Any way adolescence is the period between late-childhood and adulthood. In words of Ross, “adolescence is best regarded as a recapitulation of the first period of life, as second turn of the spiral of development.”
b. Physical Development:
(i) Size:
There is a sudden change in height and weight, due to hyperactivity, of endocrine glands. Some boys mature early and are tall for their age. Some achieve high degree of muscularity, which they utilise in sports and athletics. Girls grow more rapidly and turn to be women. The bones, muscles and other organs of both boys and girls grow very speedily. They reach the final body type by the end of adolescence.
(ii) Changes in bodily development:
The physical growth is also disproportionate due to extra lengthening of limbs with hands and feet looking longer. The entire physique is now awkward and clumsy, and the adolescent becomes conscious of the same. He observes growth of body-hair, particularly in pubic and under-arm areas. There is a change in the contours of face and body.
(iii) Changes in body-functions:
With the secretion of hormones from ductless glands there is change in body-functions. The muscles harden. The voice of the boy deepens and becomes high-pitched. In the case of girls, it becomes shrill. Menstruation starts in girls, and night emissions in boys.
(iv) Sex. Sexual development is the central fact of adolescence:
It is at the beginning of this period that sex-glands begin to function. In the case of boys the seminal glands begin to work, semen is produced and there are night- emissions, which horrify the ignorant adolescent. He develops attraction towards the opposite sex. There is a re-awakening of the repressed sexual impulse which lay dormant in later childhood.
Among girls, the sex-development takes the form of development of breasts, changes in pelvic area, development of uterine region and menstruation. All girls become self-conscious about this type of change. Menstruation usually becomes a disturbing and sometimes horrifying experience.
Even the boys feel ashamed in diffidence and prudery, when they experience localised sensations in genital organs and observe night- emissions. Sex-development is equally disturbing to both boys and girls. ‘Many adolescents, nor understanding in the least what is happening to them, suffer agonies thinking that they are lost souls or abnormal or diseased.’
c. Mental Development:
(i) Intelligence:
Intelligence grows at a uniform rates during late childhood. Recent mental testing has displayed that at the beginning of puberty there is a general decline in the rate of growth of general intelligence. But the intelligence reaches its maximum limit by the end of this period. Herein also there are individual differences.
Some children reach the maximum limit a bit earlier, and some continue to develop later than the average. Some studies have revealed that children who reach puberty earlier are slightly more intelligent than others. Usually interior types reach the ultimate mental maturity earlier than the rest.
(ii) Reasoning and Abstract Thinking:
Infancy is the period of sense- perception, late childhood of memorisation and accumulation of experience. But adolescence is the period of logical thinking, reasoning and abstractions. The adolescent can concentrate for a longer time, and there is increase in his powers to lean and remember.
(iii) Widening of Interests:
Adolescent psychology has revealed that interests of both boys and girls widen to a great degree. Boys love reading and writing. They begin to take interest in scientific pursuits. Some develop definite interest in varied educational courses like agriculture, commerce, technology. This is revealed through their hobbies and activities.
Girls become interested in fine arts, music, dancing, painting and home science. The general interest of the adolescents is outward to the worlds of nature, men and things. In words of James S. Ross, “fantasies fade and reality is faced. The young man of eighteen is a man of the world pre-occupied with practical problems, and proud of his knowledge of affairs and his practical efficiency. He chooses a career, which is frequently that of his earlier hero, and gradually pursues his way to complete manhood.” Here in this period lies the need for educational and vocational guidance.
d. Emotional Development:
(i) Heightening of emotions:
Adolescence is the period of heightening of all emotions, whether expansive or inhibitive. The heightening is again characterised by high degree of instability. The adolescent has extreme emotions. Sometimes he is hilarious; but on the occasions he is extremely melancholy. He may develop morbid fears, inferiority complex and brooding nature. He falls prey to extreme moods of depression, shyness and secretiveness. He is sensitive to criticism, and is too much conscious about sex.
The changes in the organs lead to curiosity and repressed feelings of disgust and alarm. In words of Ross, “the adolescent lives an intensely emotional life, in which we can see once more the rhythm of positive and negative phases of behaviour in his constant alternation between intense excitement and deep depression “.
(ii) Dependence and Independence:
The adolescent harbours sometimes an attitude of dependence. The dependence however, is not necessarily on the parents, but on heroes found in real life, in history, or in literature.’ It is through this attitude that religious idea dawns in him, and he begins to take interest in religion, religious heroes and Father in heaven. But along with this attitude of dependence he has a spirit of independence.
He flouts the authority of parents when unreasonable. He does not tolerate the over strictness of the parents and the teachers. He wants freedom of self-expression and self-determination. What is exactly needed is a sort of balance between control and freedom. Any extremity of both is dangerous.
(iii) Special feelings:
Strange special feelings capture the minds of adolescents. Self-consciousness gives rise to pride and humility. Sex- consciousness raises the feelings of curiosity, secretiveness and guilt. Boys commit masturbation and they think they have committed a sin. Pugnacity is also common among boys and self-display among girls.
Exhibitionism through dress, manner, gesticulations and talk is a natural phase in adolescence, more prominent in girls. In India, college girl will naturally try to imitate the fresh fashions exhibited by heroines in the pictures. Attraction towards the opposite sex gives rise to desire to be in the company of the opposite sex and to converse with them.
A college girl must have a film-star of her choice, and so a boy must have a heroine of his choice. They will never feel tired of discussing their favourite stars. All this may appear to be abnormal for the adult, but it is perfectly in keeping with the period of life.
(iv) Other feelings:
An adolescent wants security. Again, he develops a spirit of criticism. A strong curiosity impels him to start questioning the why and wherefore of things. He indulges in hero-worshipping. He loves adventure, travel and wandering. He has a strong group-feeling. Again, he has a strong imagination. But herein he may falter, and become egocentric and introverted. Many adolescents tend to live in realms of fantasy. But such introversion is harmful.
e. Social Development:
(i) Gregariousness:
The gregarious instinct plays an important role in this period. The adolescent has long forsaken the interest in the family. He is more interested in the contemporaries and close associates. He continues to be a member of a gang or group. He tries to grow independent of parents and falls in line with the activities of the group in the school and outside the school.
(ii) Empathy:
Empathy is a new development at this stage. The adolescent acquires an ability to value and understand the feelings of others, especially his associates. Sometimes he acts blindly after the suggestion and imitation of his fellow-mates. The cause of strikes and demonstrations by the adolescent youth is this inherent tendency.
Unless wisely directed, the young can go blind and run amuck. A slight provocation is enough to make the adolescents assemble in protest, and to widen the size of the protesting group due to Empathy. A strike at Lucknow may start chain of strikes at all the places in the country.
f. Moral Development:
(i) Religious Consciousness:
Religiousness consciously dawns at this stage, and the adolescent takes interest in philosophy behind religion and life with an attitude of curiosity and scepticism. He may find solution of his mental problems in his attitude of dependence upon a higher religious hero, god, goddess or prophet. Sometimes his scientific approach conflicts with the narrow theological dogmas. An Indian adolescent cannot be expected to have belief in the Pauranoic mythology that conflicts with scientific facts known at present.
He can therefore be drawn only to the higher philosophy and spirituality. The narrow religious dogmas, ceremonies and conventions have no worth for him. He may devote himself to the pursuit of truth in the realm of science and philosophy, or of beauty in art. He will love religious heroes, find inseparable interest in reading their biographies and feel drawn to altruistic career.
(ii) Altruism:
At this stage, ideas of social service and altruism are formed and cherished. If properly guided, the adolescent youth harbours a genuine love for mankind, and he is enthusiastic about service to the needle. He desires to help in the creation of an ideal society. The contribution of adolescent youth in the independence movement was no mean. Nor did they fail in their duty during the recent Chinese Aggression and conflict with Pakistan.
They rose of the occasion and spent their energies in civil defence, collecting contributions and serving the Jawans. The adolescent of today is socially and politically wide awake. He takes keen interest in the social and political events. He thatches his wagon to a star, and is, by his very nature, a reformer.
(iii) Inconsistency of Conduct:
Inspite of the above qualities, the adolescent’s moral conduct is unpredictable at the beginning of the beginning of the period. The stresses and strains inherent in this period, disturb his mental equilibrium. He may lose self-control. He has still to learn self-control especially with regard to sex-instinct.
Unguided or misdirected many an adolescent and degenerates and sports his physical and mental health through acts of sexuality like masturbation and intercourse. Such problems have been increasingly observed in co-educational secondary schools. But proper guidance and suitable environment tend to lead the youth to constructive acts.
He can achieve self-control and build in his mind a set of ideals. His hero- worship can result in sentiment of love for moral qualities of the hero. He forms strong sentiments, and gradually he consolidates his self in something stable and permanent. At times, he is guided by social approval or disapproval.
But here also he needs help to be guided by his ideals. He can increase his will power by which he can control his base impulses, rise above the social approval and act according to his will. This is the highest stage of moral conduct is reached when behaviour is directed by ideals rather than by social praise or blame. There are few who dare to follow the light that is in them, regardless of social consequences, but these few are the salt of the earth.
g. Special Needs of Adolescent:
The various needs of adolescent which impel him to act in various directions are discussed below. In the absence of fulfillment of these, he remains maladjusted and a problem youth.
What is needed, therefore, is a clear understanding of his special needs:
(i) Sex-need:
Sex is the fundamental fact of adolescence. The sexual instinct which was dormant till now, and which took the shape of auto-eroticism in the infancy, and homo-sexualism during late childhood, takes a strong turn and develops into hetero-sexuality wherein the object of attachment becomes the opposite sex.
Curiosity about sex, sex-consciousness, consciousness about the biological changes going on in the body (like menstruation and emission) – all this pervades the mental horizontal of the adolescent. He needs curiosity to be satisfied. Sometimes in the advent of satisfaction of sex-curiosity, from the pure point of view of adventure and thrill, the adolescent boy or girl may commit an intercourse and repent afterwards with shame and remorse.
Sex- education, is therefore, essential at this stage. The adolescent needs private instruction from the adult or from the teacher, in a scientific manner, so that he gets a clear picture of the entire phenomenon, and has a clear understanding of the real purpose of sex in adult life.
During the ancient period of India’s history, there were rigid rule regarding celibacy and studentship in Gurukulas and Ashramas. Co-education was not favoured and the adolescent was mostly kept away from the scene. But now-a- days, the social environment which is strongly charged with sex and beauty (with the vulgar scenes in movies, vulgar posters, advertisements with sex- appeal, sex-stimulating fashions of dress, exhibitionism among girls and women, erotic songs and above all lack of vigilance by the adults) acts as a stimulating agent, and its influence needs to be counterbalanced by a deliberate plan and programme of sex-educational institutions for boys and girls. Sex cannot be avoided.
It is simply to be redirected and sublimated. In words of Slaughter “Like the overflow of a great river, it irrigates and fertilizers great tracts of life’s territory”. Then how to redirect its energies into useful channels? An organised programme of games and athletics in which every adolescent participates will redirect his surplus energy, and keep him side-tracked from sex. Similarly a network of co-curricular activities should keep the adolescent mind engaged, because sex is not only a physical problem but also a mental problem. Sex can also be sublimated to creative activities in the realm of painting, music, dance, flower-gardening and decorations.
(ii) Security Need:
As explained above, an adolescent has an attitude of dependence. He, therefore, wants to belong to a group. He wants attention and affection from the elders. He wants inspiration from a hero, whom he worships, and who can guide him. This need can be fulfilled if the adolescent is given opportunity of studying the biography of great men like Gandhi, Nehru, Tagore, Vivekananda, Dayananda, Laxmibai, Sarojini Naidu, Jagdish Chander Bose, Ishwar Chander Vidya Sagar, Tilak, Gokhle, Lajpat Rai, Kabir, Nanak, Tulsi, Surdar, Rana Pratap etc. He will derive strength and inspiration from them, imbibe ideals, formulate his life-goal and strengthen his will and character.
(iii) Gregarious Need:
As discussed above, this instinct assumes greater strength and importance at this age. If misdirected, this impulse directs him to be a member of gangs of pick-pockets, cinema-goers, truants and vagabonds, who do unsocial acts. The strikes, the organised, indiscipline in schools and colleges is because of lack of proper direction and due to satisfaction of this need. The adolescents should be enabled to satisfy this need through such group formation as scouting, girl-guiding, N.C.C. club-membership, social- service squads, civil defence and community activities.
(iv) Adventure Need:
This thirst for adventure is strong at this age. In the absence of proper direction it takes the form of aimless wandering, vagabonding, unsocial acts like strikes and demonstrations. Even the sexual acts mean a thrill and adventure for them. But properly directed, love of adventure can take the form of hiking, excursion, educational tours, social service and scientific exploration.
(v) Social Approval:
In all acts, an adolescent wants recognition, may be in the form of praise, a prize, a cheer, an applause, a gift or a reward. He is ambitious of achieving success and getting public applause. From this point of view, the system of giving prizes, rewards and other forms of recognition have an educational value, in consonance with the psychological needs of the adolescent.
h. Special Problems of Adolescents:
The special problems of adolescent have already figured during the discussion about the physical, emotional and social development. The first and the foremost problem is the problem of sex. The period of adolescence is known as a period of stresses and strains. It is the most difficult and the awkward period. The period marks the re-awakening of repressed sex-impulse. In order to help him, an attitude of sympathetic understanding is needed. An urgent need of sex-education has been long felt. Silence and hush-hush policy is dangerous and harmful.
Next comes his emotional problems. The abnormal functioning of the nervous system and the endocrine glands are mainly responsible for it. He has got extreme emotions – frustration and triumph, alternating each other. What is required is to help him in emotional control. The introduction of music, art and co-curricular activities will provide catharsis and reduce emotional tension in him.
Sublimation of emotions is the right guidance. His various needs must be satisfied and guided properly. He must have security. He must get social approval. He must have an opportunity to explore new fields. Thirdly he faces problems of social adjustment. An adolescent, sometimes, cannot adjust himself to the conditions at home, school or society. His parents impose rigid restrictions which are against his nature.
He may not get sympathetic treatment from his teachers. He may have academic problems. He may not be able to pull on with his class-fellows. Even a bright child is not at home in the company of mediocres. A rigid discipline, an over-crowding, an unhealthy atmosphere, lack of activities in the school may create problems of adjustment. This tension can be resolved only when the environment is made congenial. It is the duty of the parents to understand his problems and help him in the adjustment at home.
Adolescent and the Teacher:
A teacher can help the adolescent to overcome his special problems, pass through this critical period smoothly and to adjust himself to the environment.
For this, the following suggestions are made:
1. The teacher should make a thorough understanding of the general characteristics of the period of adolescence, its stresses and strains, urges and carvings changes and problems.
2. He should have a sympathetic attitude towards him.
3. He should set a good example of good conduct himself, and display his own emotional stability.
4. He should impart right information about sex.
5. He should redirect the energies of the adolescents to fruitful channels through sports and activities.
6. He should afford some freedom in organising and planning. He should not impose unreasonable restrictions. He should not force adult standards and curb his self-expression.
7. He should give applause and recognition to the achievements of the adolescent.
8. He should provide a variety of curriculum, in accordance with the diverse aptitudes. There should be special provision of music, art and dance for girls. A network of hobbies must be provided to cater to diverse interests.
9. Educational and vocational guidance should be provided.
10. Some programme of moral and religious teaching, accompanied by social service should be organised in the school.
11. Adolescent should be helped to control his emotions.
12. Patriotism, nationalism, citizenship and self-sacrifice are some of the essential ideals that must be fostered in them.
13. Some freedom should be given to them, in all matters like selection of courses, selection of games and hobbies, and the daily mode of work. Adult standards should not be thrust on him.
14. Practical bias must be given to the curriculum. Work-experience and scientific enquiry are in consonance with adolescent psychology.
15. The Hadow Committee Report in England sums up the above task so beautifully.
“There is a tide which begins to rise in the veins of youth at the age of eleven or twelve. It is called by the name of adolescence. If that tide can be taken at the flood, and a new voyage begin in the strength and along the flow of its current, we think that it will move on to fortune.”
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Intellectual development of the child: Piaget’s theory
Swiss biologist and philosopher Jean Piaget’s theory of intellectual development covers the period from infancy to adulthood. Piaget focuses on the development of the child’s thinking, and above all, the development of logical thinking. Piaget believed that the thinking of an adult differs from the thinking of a child in the first place by greater logic.
At various times Jean Piaget named different stages of intellectual development, but most often there were four: the sensorimotor stage, the preoperational stage, the stage of concrete operations and the stage of formal operations. The sensorimotor and preoperational stages are manifestations of preconceptual thinking. At this time, the judgments of children relate only to a specific subject, something visual and known to everyone, categorical and isolated: they are not connected by a logical chain. The child understands in the first place judgments by analogy and through a clear example. The central feature of pre-conceptual thinking is egocentrism (not to be confused with egoism). Egocentrism causes not only such a feature of children’s logic as insensitivity to contradiction, but also a number of others: syncretism (the tendency to connect everything with everything), transduction (the transition from the particular to the particular, bypassing the general), inconsistency in volume and content.
Beginning at about the age of 7, a child already develops conceptual thinking, starting from the stage of concrete operations and developing at the stage of formal operations.
Sensorimotor stage lasts from birth to 2 years and is divided into 6 substages, during which the child consistently demonstrates the following features and achievements: 1) The child has unconditioned reflexes and is not able to think, set a goal and distinguish himself from the environment ; 2) Reflexes turn into repetitive actions; 3) The ability to reproduce random, pleasant and interesting results of one’s own actions appears; 4) The ability to coordinate actions aimed at prolonging the impression that aroused interest increases; 5) Discovering new ways to get interesting results; 6) The emergence of the ability to imagine missing events in symbolic form. The main achievements of this period include the formation of coordinated movements corresponding to such material structure as grouping, representational construction and intentionality. A particularly noticeable result of this stage is the construction of a permanent object, that is, the understanding of the existence of objects independent of the subject.
The preoperative stage is typical for ages 2 to 7, with two substages. At the first substage, the formed new ability to represent is assimilated by sensorimotor structures, and they must adapt to it. In addition, the child establishes a number of functional laws, truths and associations regarding the environment: for example, an understanding of identity and certain dependencies and correlations. A distinctive feature of children of this age is the surprising limitation of their thinking. One gets the impression that their thought is focused exclusively on one aspect of the situation, often their own point of view (egocentrism), and all other points of view or dimensions are not taken into account. Pre-operational thought, besides focusing on the single most conspicuous aspect of an event, does not appear to follow the laws of logic or physical causation, but rather is limited to contiguity associations. Thus, children’s arguments for their actions are often absurd inventions or are the result of their desire to justify themselves at any cost.
The stage of specific operations characterizes the age from 7 to 12 years and is divided into two sub-stages. At this stage, the mistakes that the child makes at the preoperational stage are corrected, but they are corrected in different ways and not all at once. The meaning of the definition “concrete” operation, which is included in the name of this stage, is that the operational solution of problems (i.e., a solution based on reversible mental actions) is taken separately for each problem and depends on its content. For example, physical concepts are acquired by a child in the following sequence: quantity, length and mass, area, weight, time and volume.
The formal operations stage occurs at age 12 and over. The system of reversible operations, becoming more coordinated, enters the next stage of development, formal operations, which begins at the age of 11-12 years. The previously developed ability to classify objects develops into the ability for combinatorial thinking: analyzing a physical event, the child is able to take into account all possible aspects and change them one by one, like a qualified experimenter, in search of a logically sound answer. The ability to vary – mentally and hypothetically – aspects of a situation in a fixed order means that the child can invent objects and situations that do not exist in reality. Thus, possibility takes precedence over reality, and the form is manipulated and considered in isolation from the content, i.e., not in the way a child at the stage of concrete operations does.
Within each stage and substage, Piaget often distinguished three levels: failure, partial success, and success. In the latest versions of his theory, Piaget viewed development not as a rectilinear movement from one stage to another, but as a movement in a spiral, characterized by the fact that the various forms and different content of thinking, characteristic of the previous level, are rethought, restructured and integrated, or unified, at the next higher level. The invariant quantitative aspects of the problem of transforming a clay ball are learned before others.
The fundamental problem of Piaget’s theory, to which no convincing answer has been found, remains the problem of novelty and spontaneity. How, from a cognitive structure, in which any new Knowledge is completely absent, does it emerge exactly – new knowledge? Moreover, how does one come to understand that new knowledge that has arisen is necessarily connected with other knowledge?
Piaget’s other theories, supplementing his main theory, are devoted to the development of moral judgments, perceptual development, the development of representations and memory, all of these lines of development are considered from the point of view of the limitations imposed by various levels and consequences of our intellectual activity.
4 stages of the development of children’s intellect according to Jean Piaget
As soon as we talk about child development, its periods and laws, the name of the Swiss psychologist and philosopher Jean Piaget immediately pops up. He managed to actually find out, and find out exactly, by experience: how children develop, what tasks they face at different stages, and in general – how we learn to think.
Young Jean Piaget loved biology since childhood, constantly observed various living beings and wrote articles about them. At the same time, he received a Ph.D. and was interested in psychoanalysis. All these activities and hobbies seemed to prepare him for what became the main business of Piaget’s life – to observe children. The young Ph.D. becomes a teacher at an all-boys’ school in Paris run by Binet, the inventor of the IQ test. Piaget helps Binet process the results of the test and draws attention to the fact that children of the same age constantly make similar mistakes. Mistakes adults don’t make. This led Piaget to the idea that cognitive development overcomes certain steps common to all, that our mind only gradually matures to understand certain concepts, and this happens in approximately the same way for all people. Later, in addition to other people’s children, Piaget also observed three of his own from birth.
Jean Piaget
Piaget’s method combined rigorous scientific observations and experiments (to which he was accustomed in his youth) and free conversation (as in his favorite psychoanalysis). Piaget’s own method was called “clinical conversation,” and it was excellent for studying children’s thinking.
What Piaget found out
According to Piaget, the central core of the development of the psyche is the intellect. The child develops and forms an increasingly adequate scheme of the situation – and thus, actively interacting with the environment, adapts to it. During this process, the child gradually begins to understand some of the laws that operate in the world of things and people. Each stage of development is characterized by typical errors (limitations) of thinking.
Stages of development of children’s intelligence
1. Stage of sensorimotor intelligence (0 — 2 years)
With the help of the senses and their movements, the child discovers the world around him, begins to see the connection between his own actions and their consequences. He begins to understand that he himself is something separate from the outside world. But the “inner plan” is not yet available to the child, he manipulates only specific objects.
2. Period of pre-operational submissions (2-7 years)
The child gradually begins to form an “inner plan”. Now he is learning to use symbols: a pencil is a thermometer, and a box lid is a boat. This stage is called preoperational because the child is not yet able to perceive certain types of experience.
For example:
objects that lie in a row, according to the child, become larger if they are arranged at large intervals;
Even after several tests, the preschooler is unable to understand that if you pour water from a tall and narrow glass into a low and wide one, then the amount of water will not change;
the child believes that a piece of plasticine will decrease if it is rolled out of a ball into a sausage. And the rope will become shorter if it is bent.
If you teach a preschooler the correct answer and explanation, he will perceive this information. But it is worth slightly changing the experiment, and the child will again begin to give the same answers. At the same time, he begins to understand the law of conservation of the number of objects (for example, balls) earlier than the law of conservation of matter (for example, water or plasticine) and the reversibility of operations.
The child’s thinking at this stage is self-centered: he can hardly understand that someone has a different point of view than his own. This partly explains the limitations of its capabilities at the pre-operational stage.
For example, Piaget showed children taken one at a time a model of three mountains, each of which had some distinguishing feature: a house, a river, or a snowy peak. He also gave them several photographs, in which the mountains were depicted from different sides. The child was asked to choose a photograph in which the mountains were seen as the child himself sees them, from the same side. Usually the child was not mistaken. After that, Piaget planted a doll on the other side of the model and asked the child to choose a photo in which the mountains are depicted as the doll “sees” them. The preschoolers couldn’t do it and chose their photo again. Even if the child and the doll were swapped, everything was repeated: the child chose his picture correctly and could not take the “doll’s point of view”.
Piaget emphasized that egocentrism does not go away when the child has more experience, but only when he begins to realize that his point of view is only one of the possible ones, that he is not the only center, but one of many centers. Piaget called this transition from egocentrism to decentration the law of development.
3. Period of specific operations (7-11 years)
The child can already not only use symbols, but also manipulate them on a logical level. For example, add and subtract non-existent cows, combine objects into classes. He begins to understand the conservation of matter (if you divide a lump of plasticine into many small lumps, it will not become smaller) and the reversibility of operations. However, it still solves all the tasks separately, and the solution depends on the content of the task. The child still does not know how to generalize.
After solving a problem about Vasya and apples, a first-grader may get hung up on the same problem about Lucy and cucumbers, simply because for him these are still different problems. A second grader is already quite able to understand why a square is a kind of quadrilateral, and a duck is a kind of bird. But if you ask him who is more numerous in the world, ducks or birds, squares or rectangles, then he most likely will not find an explanation and will begin to argue that there are “a lot” of both ducks and birds. And he has every right to do so. After all, although an eight-year-old can classify, understanding the relationship between part and whole requires something more – logical thinking. And it develops later.
4. Period of formal operations (after 12 years)
Now concrete and abstract logical thinking is available to the teenager. He can imagine non-existent objects, think by analogy, understand metaphors, take the point of view of another person. Now he can solve problems “in a general way”, and he does not need apples with dogs for example. To think, a teenager no longer needs a connection with real physical objects or actual events. Operations have completely moved to the internal plan.
How children’s thinking is connected with speech
Piaget was the first to talk about the fact that the development of thinking is connected not with speech, but with the development of mental operations. That is why a non-speaking child does not mean an undeveloped child. Not speech, but operating with objects and concepts is the basis on which the intellect develops. And this development always goes from outside to inside, from the concrete to the abstract.
Since the time of Piaget, his methods have been improved, and his conclusions have been repeatedly verified, corrected and supplemented. Now analogues of clinical conversations are being used with might and main in diagnosing the development of children. Well, we should remember that it is impossible to either skip the stage of development or accelerate its passage. Although at the end of the previous stage, it is quite possible for children to begin setting tasks for the next one. For example, playing “phone” with two-year-olds, putting not a real phone to their ear, but its replacement symbol. Or to show five or six-year-olds that a large object can be light, and a small one can be heavy. Or write with 10-11-year-olds an essay “from the point of view of my dog.” After all, in the end, there is no clear boundary between the stages. The main thing is not to make gross mistakes that speak only about our adult egocentrism, which has no explanation from the point of view of development theory and therefore is not so forgivable.
and psychologist Jean Piaget. According to this theory, children go through four different stages of mental development.
Let’s take a closer look at Piaget’s theory to understand how children acquire knowledge and the nature of intelligence.
Natalia Ozhogina
https://unsplash.com/photos/6cQHvjzmZOU
First, let’s define the term itself. Cognitive development is the development of all human thought processes. These include perception, memory, concept formation, problem solving, imagination, and logic. How is a child’s intelligence formed?
Contents of the article
Children are little scientists
Jean Piaget called children little scientists. He paid attention to how children actively explore the world around them, observing it, studying it, and arranging experiments. Children, like sponges, instantly absorb new knowledge, act on existing knowledge, and adapt ideas to new information.
Stages of development according to Piaget’s theory
The whole development of the human intellect, according to Jean Piaget’s theory, is divided into four stages. From birth to 2 years, there is a stage of sensorimotor intelligence. From 2 to 7 years – the preoperative stage. From 7 to 12 years old – the stage of organizing specific operations and from 12 years old – the period of formal operations.
Why Piaget developed his theory
Jean Piaget was born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland in 1896, the son of a professor of medieval literature. Jean published his first scientific article when he was only 11 years old. During his life, the scientist wrote 60 books and several hundred articles.
Jean’s interest in the intellectual development of children began when he received his degree and moved to Paris to teach at a boys’ school run by Alfred Bean, creator of the famous IQ test. There, Piaget noticed that the thought processes in children of different ages are significantly different.
A child’s mind is not a reduced copy of an adult
Observing children (his own nephew and daughter), the scientist discovered that a child’s mind is not just a reduced copy of an adult. Although before that, children were treated in exactly this way – as with small versions of adults. The scientist was one of the first to come to the conclusion that the way children think is significantly different from the intelligence of adults.
Children think differently
Piaget suggested that the way children think also differs depending on their age. Older kids don’t just think faster than younger kids. They think differently.
Then he concluded that children are no less smart than adults, the only thing is that they think differently. Albert Einstein commented on Piaget’s discovery as “so simple that only a genius could have thought of it.”
Child development stages
Sensorimotor stage: 0 to 2 years
Babies experience the world through movement and sensation: grasping for parents, objects, toys, breastfeeding, looking and listening. Gradually, they begin to understand that things continue to exist, even when you do not look at them. Then the kids realize that their actions can change something in this world.
All children’s experience during this period is “acquired” through basic reflexes, feelings and motor reactions. Children not only learn to do many new things (such as crawling or walking), but also begin to “learn” the language from the people they communicate with.
The sensorimotor stage of a child’s development is characterized by literally explosive growth and learning. Children make discoveries every day, interacting with the world around them, comprehending it and understanding how it works.
Jean Piaget broke this stage into several substages, because in the final part of the sensorimotor stage, early representational thinking appears in children.
According to the scientist, understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen is the most important discovery that a child makes at this stage of development. It is the understanding that objects are separate and distinct entities that helps children begin to associate names and words with objects.
Preoperative: 2 to 7 years
Babies improve in speech and thinking, but still think in very specific terms. Passing through this stage of development, children begin to learn to think symbolically, to use words and images to designate objects.
And although the foundations of language development are laid, basically, at the previous stage, the preoperative stage, by definition, is considered “linguistic”. This is one of the main distinguishing features of this stage of the development of the intellect.
Toddlers at this stage of development gain a lot of experience in role play. They learn by playing. The most interesting thing is that children at this age are still very egocentric, but they try to look at the world, people and things from the point of view of others. They literally have to struggle with logic and acceptance of other people’s points of view. Also, some children may still struggle with understanding the idea of permanence.
Such an experiment speaks about the difficulties of perception. We take clay, divide it into two absolutely equal pieces. At the same time, one of them must be rolled into a compact ball, and the other must be turned into a large flat pancake in shape.
When a child in the preoperative period is asked to choose one of these pieces of clay to play with, he usually chooses the flat one. Because the flat figure looks bigger.
Stage of organization of specific operations: from 7 to 12 years
At this stage, children develop logical thinking, so they study at school from this age. They begin to use inductive logic and can reason from specific information to general principles.
Children begin to make sense of specific events as well as understand the concept of conservation. For example, they already understand that a short wide cup can contain the same amount of juice as a tall narrow glass.
Children’s thinking becomes more structured. At this stage of development, the child becomes much more adept at using logic. But his thinking still retains concreteness and literalness. It can also be rigid (inflexible). Children at this stage of development tend to struggle with abstract concepts.
On the other hand, one can already speak of less egocentricity. Children begin to think about how other people feel and think. And also, they begin to understand that their thoughts are unique. And that not all other people must necessarily share their point of view and feelings.
Formal operations stage: 12 years and older
At this stage of development, the adolescent begins to think abstractly and also to reason about hypothetical problems. Children begin to be interested in questions of morality, philosophy, ethics, social and political problems. They undertake to discuss these topics using abstract thinking and ideas. They use deduction and reason, following from general principles to specific information, think scientifically about the world around them.
This ability to think about abstract ideas and situations is the most important sign of intelligence in the formal-operational stage of cognitive development. Children are already beginning to plan the future and reason about hypothetical situations – these are also the most important features of the intellect that appear at this stage.
This is not a quantitative, but a qualitative process
One of the important postulates of Piaget’s theory: the intellectual development of children is not a quantitative process. That is, the child’s intellect is not formed simply as the addition of new information and knowledge to the existing ones.
No, it is a qualitative change in thinking that occurs in children as they develop and as they pass through the four stages. So, a seven-year-old child does not just know more about the world than a two-year-old. Fundamental changes are taking place in his brain by this age.
Important concepts of Piaget’s theory
How does a child’s cognitive development take place, how does his intellect overcome each of the above stages? Let’s look at the factors that influence how children learn and grow.
Schemes
Schemes in the minds of children are categories of knowledge that help them to realize and understand this world. They are directly related to understanding and knowledge.
According to Jean Piaget’s theory, schemes include both categories of knowledge and the process of obtaining them. As life experience is accumulated, new information is built into existing schemes. How does this happen?
Assimilation
Let’s take a simple example. Suppose a child has schematic knowledge about some animal. About a dog, for example. If a child’s only experience is with small dogs, then the child may assume that they are all like that. Small, loud and fluffy. What happens when a child meets a huge dog for the first time? Of course you will be surprised. But he will perceive this new information, modifying the pre-existing schema to include his new observations.
So, the process of incorporating new information into existing cognitive schemas is known as assimilation. This is a subjective process. Because each of us tends to modify new experiences and information to fit our pre-existing beliefs. In the example we have given with the dog, it is precisely the case of the assimilation of the animal into the schema of the dog in the representation that exists in the child that is described.
Accommodation
Accommodation (derived from the Latin word “accomodatio” – adaptation to something), in Piaget’s concept, is a property of the adaptation process. Accommodation is used by us in the process of adaptation, when changes in our existing schemas are required as a result of obtaining new information or new experience. Also, during this process, new schemes can be developed.
Balancing
According to Piaget’s theory, all children try to find a balance between assimilation and accommodation. And this balance is achieved with the help of a mechanism that Piaget called balancing.
As the child progresses through the stages of cognitive development, balancing and maintaining a balance between applying previous knowledge (assimilation) and changing behavior to take into account new knowledge (accommodation). Thanks to balancing, children move from one stage of intellectual development to another.
The creation of intelligence is an active process
One of the most important postulates of Piaget’s theory is that the creation of knowledge and intelligence is, in essence, an active process. Here is what the creator of the theory himself said about this: “I consider myself an opponent of the view of knowledge as a passive copy of reality. I believe that to know an object means to influence it, to construct systems of transformations that can be carried out on or with this object. To know reality means to build systems of transformations that more or less adequately correspond to reality.
Thanks to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, the world has become much better aware of how human intelligence develops. Now we understand that children not only absorb knowledge and are its passive recipients. They are constantly exploring this world and experimenting.
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4 stages of the development of children’s intelligence according to Jean Piaget – Common children, Voronezh
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4 stages of the development of children’s intelligence according to Jean Piaget
As soon as we talk about child development, its periods and laws, the name of the Swiss psychologist and philosopher Jean Piaget immediately pops up. He managed to actually find out, and find out exactly, by experience: how children develop, what tasks they face at different stages, and in general – how we learn to think.
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Young Jean Piaget loved biology since childhood, constantly observed a variety of living beings and wrote articles about them. At the same time, he received a Ph.D. and was interested in psychoanalysis. All these activities and hobbies seemed to prepare him for what became the main business of Piaget’s life – to observe children. The young Ph.D. becomes a teacher at an all-boys’ school in Paris run by Binet, the inventor of the IQ test. Piaget helps Binet process the results of the test and draws attention to the fact that children of the same age constantly make similar mistakes. Mistakes adults don’t make. This led Piaget to the idea that cognitive development overcomes certain steps common to all, that our mind only gradually matures to understand certain concepts, and this happens in approximately the same way for all people. Later, in addition to other people’s children, Piaget also observed three of his own from birth.
Jean Piaget
Piaget’s method combined rigorous scientific observations and experiments (to which he was accustomed in his youth) and free conversation (as in his favorite psychoanalysis). Piaget’s own method was called “clinical conversation,” and it was excellent for studying children’s thinking.
What Piaget found out
According to Piaget, the central core of the development of the psyche is the intellect. The child develops and forms an increasingly adequate scheme of the situation – and thus, actively interacting with the environment, adapts to it. During this process, the child gradually begins to understand some of the laws that operate in the world of things and people. Each stage of development is characterized by typical errors (limitations) of thinking.
Stages of development of children’s intelligence
1. Stage of sensorimotor intelligence (0 — 2 years)
With the help of the senses and their movements, the child discovers the world around him, begins to see the connection between his own actions and their consequences. He begins to understand that he himself is something separate from the outside world. But the “inner plan” is not yet available to the child, he manipulates only specific objects.
2. Period of pre-operational submissions (2-7 years)
The child gradually begins to form an “inner plan”. Now he is learning to use symbols: a pencil is a thermometer, and a box lid is a boat. This stage is called preoperational because the child is not yet able to perceive certain types of experience.
For example:
objects that lie in a row, according to the child, become larger if they are arranged at large intervals;
Even after several tests, the preschooler is unable to understand that if you pour water from a tall and narrow glass into a low and wide one, then the amount of water will not change;
the child believes that a piece of plasticine will decrease if it is rolled out of a ball into a sausage. And the rope will become shorter if it is bent.
If you teach a preschooler the correct answer and explanation, he will perceive this information. But it is worth slightly changing the experiment, and the child will again begin to give the same answers. At the same time, he begins to understand the law of conservation of the number of objects (for example, balls) earlier than the law of conservation of matter (for example, water or plasticine) and the reversibility of operations.
The child’s thinking at this stage is self-centered: he can hardly understand that someone has a different point of view than his own. This partly explains the limitations of its capabilities at the pre-operational stage.
For example, Piaget showed children taken one at a time a model of three mountains, each of which had some distinguishing feature: a house, a river, or a snowy peak.
He also gave them several photographs, in which the mountains were depicted from different sides. The child was asked to choose a photograph in which the mountains were seen as the child himself sees them, from the same side. Usually the child was not mistaken. After that, Piaget planted a doll on the other side of the model and asked the child to choose a photo in which the mountains are depicted as the doll “sees” them. The preschoolers couldn’t do it and chose their photo again. Even if the child and the doll were swapped, everything was repeated: the child chose his picture correctly and could not take the “doll’s point of view”.
Piaget emphasized that egocentrism does not go away when the child has more experience, but only when he begins to realize that his point of view is only one of the possible ones, that he is not the only center, but one of many centers. Piaget called this transition from egocentrism to decentration the law of development.
3. Period of specific operations (7-11 years)
The child can already not only use symbols, but also manipulate them on a logical level. For example, add and subtract non-existent cows, combine objects into classes. He begins to understand the conservation of matter (if you divide a lump of plasticine into many small lumps, it will not become smaller) and the reversibility of operations. However, it still solves all the tasks separately, and the solution depends on the content of the task. The child still does not know how to generalize.
Having solved the problem about Vasya and apples, a first-grader may hang over the same problem about Lucy and cucumbers, simply because for him these are still different problems. A second grader is already quite able to understand why a square is a kind of quadrilateral, and a duck is a kind of bird. But if you ask him who is more numerous in the world, ducks or birds, squares or rectangles, then he most likely will not find an explanation and will begin to argue that there are “a lot” of both ducks and birds. And he has every right to do so. After all, although an eight-year-old can classify, understanding the relationship between part and whole requires something more – logical thinking.
And it develops later.
4. Period of formal operations (after 12 years)
Now concrete and abstract logical thinking is available to the teenager. He can imagine non-existent objects, think by analogy, understand metaphors, take the point of view of another person. Now he can solve problems “in a general way”, and he does not need apples with dogs for example. To think, a teenager no longer needs a connection with real physical objects or actual events. Operations have completely moved to the internal plan.
How children’s thinking is connected with speech
Piaget was the first to talk about the fact that the development of thinking is connected not with speech, but with the development of mental operations. That is why a non-speaking child does not mean an undeveloped child. Not speech, but operating with objects and concepts is the basis on which the intellect develops. And this development always goes from outside to inside, from the concrete to the abstract.
Since the time of Piaget, his methods have been improved, and his conclusions have been repeatedly verified, corrected and supplemented. Now analogues of clinical conversations are being used with might and main in diagnosing the development of children. Well, we should remember that it is impossible to either skip the stage of development or accelerate its passage. Although at the end of the previous stage, it is quite possible for children to begin setting tasks for the next one. For example, playing “phone” with two-year-olds, putting not a real phone to their ear, but its replacement symbol. Or to show five or six-year-olds that a large object can be light, and a small one can be heavy. Or write with 10-11-year-olds an essay “from the point of view of my dog.” After all, in the end, there is no clear boundary between the stages. The main thing is not to make gross mistakes that speak only about our adult egocentrism, which has no explanation from the point of view of development theory and therefore is not so forgivable.
Jean William Fritz Piaget is a Swiss psychologist and philosopher, author of works on the study of the psychology of children, creator of the theory of cognitive development, founder of the Geneva School of Genetic Psychology.
As a child, Jean Piaget was so interested in biology that by the age of 15 he had published several articles on molluscs. As a result, he was offered a prestigious position as caretaker of the mollusk collection at the Natural History Museum of Geneva. By the age of 20, he had become a recognized malacologist. At 19In 18, Piaget defended his dissertation in natural sciences and received his Ph.D. from the University of Neuchâtel.
During his studies, Piaget became interested in psychoanalysis, a very popular direction of psychological thought at that time.
After receiving his degree, Piaget moved from Switzerland to Paris and began teaching at a school run by Alfred Binet, the creator of the IQ test.
While helping to process the results of the IQ test, Piaget noticed that young children make the same mistakes that are not characteristic of adults.
Later, he created a general theory of stages of development, stating that people who are in the same stage of their development exhibit similar general forms of cognitive abilities.
In 1921, Piaget returned to Switzerland and headed the Rousseau Institute in Geneva.
In 1923 he married Valentin Shatenau. The couple had three children, whom Piaget studied from birth.
In 1929, Piaget accepted an invitation to take the post of director of the International Bureau of Education, at the head of which he remained until 1968 years old.
Every year he wrote speeches for the IBE Council and the International Conference on Public Education, and in 1934 he declared that “only education can save our society from possible collapse, instantaneous or gradual. ”
From 1955 to 1980, Piaget headed the International Center for Genetic Epistemology.
In 1979, the scientist was awarded the Balzan Prize for his contribution to socio-political science.
Jean Piaget died at 1980 and was buried in Geneva.
Scientific heritage – Theory of cognitive development
Piaget did not agree that knowledge could be forced by reinforcement. His theory of cognitive development argued that children actively self-construct knowledge in the process of manipulation and exploration of the real world around them.
Being a biologist familiar with the work of Darwin, he based his theory on the biological concept of adaptation. Just as the body adapts to its environment, brain structures develop to adapt to and reflect the world around them.
Understanding the world by children and adults is very different. Piaget showed that young children, for example, do not understand that a hidden object – a favorite toy or even a mother – continues to exist. The baby believes that if he does not see something, then it does not exist. And only later, correlating his ideas with his experience (the toy reappears, which means that it continued to exist when the baby did not see it), he comes to the construction of logical conclusions, replacing the previous erroneous ones with them.
Piaget, as a result of numerous experiments, came to the conclusion that the thinking of preschoolers is largely determined by erroneous logic. For example, most children under 7 years of age believe that the amount of liquid changes if it is poured into containers of a different shape.
Piaget showed that children correct these misconceptions over time by interacting with the real world and comparing the information received during this interaction with their understanding of the properties of objects.
Piaget believed that children construct new knowledge on the basis of their experience through the processes of assimilation (lat. assimilatio – “similarity”) and accommodation (lat. accommodatio – “adaptation”).
If the experience gained by the child does not conflict with the existing ideas about the world around him (similar to it) and fits into the existing framework, then its results (for example, knowledge gained by experience) are assimilated by him in the process of assimilation.
If the new experience of the child from interaction with the environment does not fit into the existing framework of children’s ideas, then its assimilation requires a restructuring of thinking in order to adapt to new conditions, and this occurs in the process of accommodation (adaptation of the whole organism to new conditions).
Understanding, built in the process of accommodation on the feeling of the fallacy of their previous ideas, leads to the creation of a new picture of the world order in the mind of the child, more complex and objective.
Piaget’s theory shows that as children develop their brains and gain experience, they go through four stages in their development, differing from each other in ways of thinking.
Piaget stages of cognitive development
Stage
Development period
Description
sensorimotor
From birth to 2 years
Infants’ cognitive development begins with their exploration of the world around them using their senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch) and movements. Babies come up with ways to solve sensorimotor problems, such as how to turn a lever to hear the sound of a music box, how to find hidden toys, how to put objects in and out of containers.
Preoperative
2-7 years
Preschool children use symbols to indicate their discoveries, during this period speech develops and a game with imaginary plots appears. However, children’s thinking still lacks the logic of the next two stages.
Stage of specific operations
11 years and older
Children’s thinking becomes logical. School-age children already understand that the volume of liquid does not change when it is poured into another container. They are able to classify objects according to certain criteria. But at this stage, the child’s thinking is not yet abstract and does not reach the thinking of adults.
Formal Operations Stage
11 years and older
Children develop the ability to think abstractly, which allows them to operate with symbols that are not objects of the real world, such as mathematical symbols. They are able to think about the achievements of science, and not just about the most obvious problems of the world around them.
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development convinced experts of the existence of an active position of children in acquiring knowledge, as well as that the thinking and mental abilities of children contain inexhaustible possibilities for acquiring knowledge.
Piaget explored children’s understanding of both the physical and social world. Piaget’s notion of developmental stages initiated many studies of children’s ideas about the world, about themselves, other people and the relationships between them.
Piaget’s theory stimulated the development of educational programs for preschool education, which were built on the basis of learning through discovery and direct contact with the environment.
Piaget’s theory in the 1950s launched a new evolutionary stage in the development of the general philosophy of constructivism, which originated in the 1920s, and formed the basis of the modern philosophy of child development.
The article uses materials from Wikipedia
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How many stages of intelligence did Piaget designate
Definition 1
Intelligence (mind) is the quality of the psyche, consisting of the ability to adapt to new situations, the ability to learn and remember based on experience, understanding and applying abstract concepts
Stages of development of the intellect according to Jean Piaget
According to J. Piaget, the central core of the development of the child’s psyche is the intellect. In the process of development, the child develops each time a more and more adequate scheme of the situation around him. All this contributes to the fact that in the process of interaction with the environment, the child gradually adapts to it. During this process, he begins to gradually understand certain vital laws that operate in the world of people and things.
Note 1
Each stage of intelligence development is characterized by a number of typical thinking errors (limitations).
J. Piaget developed the concept, according to which the development of the child’s intellect goes through several successive stages, each of which explains its development as a continuous process.
In order for the intellect to be fully developed, the passage of these stages is obligatory. The sequence of passing through the stages is unchangeable and stable, and the process of transition from one stage to another is imperceptible. Each stage is characterized by the fact that the child acquires more and more complex cognitive abilities.
In the event that a child’s transition from one stage to another does not occur in the same way as in others, then in this case one cannot speak of some kind of developmental deviation, just this child develops a little differently and the stages pass at an individual pace .
What is important in passing through the stages is not the age at which each of them occurs, but their sequence. For example, abstract thinking develops only after the child has learned all the concrete subjects.
Note 2
Initially, Piaget assumed that the development of the child is influenced by the environment and parents. However, later he understood and proved that no matter how parents encourage and “hurry” the development of the child, he will not develop at the pace and direction they need until he has the necessary psychological and physical readiness.
Stage of sensorimotor intelligence.
Period of preoperative representations
First stage of intelligence development , described by J. Piaget, is a sensorimotor stage that occurs from birth to 2 years of age.
This stage is characterized by the fact that the child, with the help of movements and sense organs, cognizes the world around him, begins to understand the relationship between his actions and their consequences. In addition, he begins to understand that he is part of the world. However, the “inner plan”, a child of this age is not yet available, he manipulates only specific objects.
Second stage of intelligence development , designated by J. Piaget, is the stage of preoperative representations, occurring at the age of 2 to 7 years.
This stage is characterized by the fact that the child begins to gradually form his “inner plan”, learns to use symbols. For example, during the game, the pencil can be a thermometer, and the lid can be a boat or raft.
The preoperative stage is called because the child does not have the ability to perceive certain types of experience. For example, a child believes that if the objects lying in a row are moved apart at large intervals, then there will be more of them, a piece of plasticine will be smaller if it is not rolled into a ball, but into a sausage, and the rope will not be so long if it is bent.
Of course, if the child correctly explains the necessary information, shows its effect on specific objects, he will perceive it and even remember it. However, he will not be able to apply this information in practice with other subjects and will also begin to indicate incorrect answers.
The thinking of children at this stage is egocentric. So, the child believes that only the information and skills that he has are truly true. This is due precisely to the fact that the child has limited opportunities at the preoperative stage.
J. Piaget pointed out that the child’s egocentrism gradually disappears, with the acquisition and expansion of his experience, as well as the realization that his point of view is not truly correct, there are also other views and opinions. This change indicates a transition from egocentrism to decentralization, as well as a transition to the next stage.
Period of specific operations. The period of formal operations
The third stage of the development of intellect is the period of concrete operations, occurs at the age of 7 to 11 years.
At this stage, the child can already use symbols and manipulate them on a logical level, for example, mental addition and subtraction, grouping objects.
The child comes to understand the conservation of matter, the reversibility of operations. However, generalization is not yet available to him, which is why he still solves all problems separately, and the process of solving a problem largely depends on its content.
Thus, despite the fact that the child knows how to classify, he still does not understand the relationship between the part and the whole, since for this understanding he needs to have logical thinking, which develops in him a little later.
The fourth stage of the development of the intellect , designated by J. Piaget, is the period of formal operations that occurs in a child after 12 years of age.
At this stage concrete and abstract logical thinking is already available to the child. He can imagine non-existent objects, think by analogy, understand metaphors, take the point of view of another person. Now he can solve problems “in a general way.” To solve, the child no longer needs to use objects (apples, dogs, birds, etc.) as an example. To think, the child no longer needs a connection with real physical objects or actual events. Operations have completely moved to the internal plan.
J. Piaget. Developmental Pedagogy and Psychology
J. Piaget
J. Piaget [6]. One of the most famous systems belongs to Jean Piaget, who based his system on the analysis of the development of thinking. According to Piaget, the intellect, as a living structure, grows, changes and adapts to the world. The differences between children and adults are due not only to the fact that children know less, but also to the fact that the way children learn is different from that of adults. Piaget suggested that children have some cognitive (thinking) limitations. As a person grows and acquires more knowledge, the ways of processing information in his cognitive structures become more complicated. The scientist identified three main periods in the mental development of the child, within each period there are several stages. All children go through periods and stages of development in a certain sequence, each new stage is based on the previous one, and this order is the same for all children.
The first period of development is called sensorimotor by Piaget, since at the age of two years children get acquainted with the world mainly through sensations – looking, grasping, sucking, biting, chewing, etc.
The second period – concrete operations, includes two stages: preoperative and operating room. The first stage is preoperative, typical for the age of two to six years. At this age, children form concepts and use symbols, but do so based on their experience. Unlike adults, children can only see things from their own perspective (egocentrism) and focus on one relationship at a time (centration). Often the child cannot think through the consequences of a particular chain of events. At the beginning of this stage, children take names so seriously that sometimes they cannot separate their literal meaning from the essence of this thing. So, a child can call the water in the mug “to drink”, and the water in the bathroom with another word, which means “to bathe” in his lexicon.
In cases where what is happening does not fit into the child’s experience, he can resort to “magical” ideas about cause and effect – for example, try to “spell” the bus so that he will come sooner. Also, the thinking of children of this age is characterized by “animism” (Latin “anima” – soul) – the animation of surrounding objects. For example, a child may decide that the elevator was “angry” with him and therefore slammed the door on the floor of his coat. At this stage, the child often has difficulty classifying objects and concepts.
At the second stage – the operating room (from seven to eleven – twelve years old), children begin to use logic in their thinking, to classify objects according to several criteria. The thinking of the child at this stage takes into account the hierarchy of classes. Thus, a car is a large group, within which there are subgroups of car brands, and within these subgroups there can be even smaller subgroups. Logical operations are successfully applied to actions with specific objects.
The third period – formal operations, from twelve years or a little later. The adolescent’s thinking develops to such an extent that he is able to operate with abstract concepts that are not based on visual images. Teenagers are not only able to think and talk about freedom, love, justice; they can build their conclusions and put forward hypotheses, reason by analogy and metaphorically, generalize and analyze their experience.
In the theory of cognitive development created by J. Piaget, the differences between the form and content of cognition are indicated. The content of children’s knowledge is everything that is acquired through experience and observation. The form of cognition is a special structure of human mental activity. As Piaget says, a person assimilates what surrounds him, but he assimilates it according to his “mental chemistry”. Cognition of reality always depends on the dominant mental structures. One and the same knowledge can be of different value depending on what mental structures it relies on. The most important pedagogical principle for Piaget is the recognition of the child as an “active explorer” who comprehends the world according to his own mental structure.
In studying the development of thinking, Piaget pointed to the interaction of the moral sense with the developing mental structures and the gradually expanding social experience of the child. The development of the moral sense according to Piaget is carried out in two stages. At the stage of moral realism, children are sure that the existing moral prescriptions are absolute and the degree of violation of these prescriptions is directly proportional to the quantitative assessment of what happened. Thus, the child will consider a girl who set the table and accidentally broke twelve plates as more guilty than a girl who intentionally broke only two plates in a fit of anger at her sister (following Piaget’s example). Later, children reach the stage of moral relativism. Now they understand that the existing rules in some situations can be significantly adjusted and the morality of an act depends not on its consequences, but on intentions. This Piagetian theory of two stages of moral development was developed considerably by Lawrence Kohlberg (see below).
Jean Piaget and the theory of intellectual development
Jean Piaget was born in 1896 in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, in the family of a professor of medieval literature. He remembered his mother as a person of a neurotic nature; it was her behavior that inspired the boy’s interest in psychology.
Child development
Piaget received his PhD in natural sciences from the University of Neuchâtel. Further, after studying for one semester at the University of Zurich, he became interested in psychoanalysis and soon moved to France. There Piaget began working at an educational institution for boys under the direction of Alfred Binet*, where he engaged in research in the development of the intellect. Until Piaget became interested in the topic of cognitive development, it was believed in psychological science that adults were simply more experienced thinkers than children. While working in the lab, Piaget became interested in the reasons children used to explain their incorrect answers to questions that required logical thinking. The scientist decided to conduct a systematic study in the field of cognitive development and did it – the first in the history of psychology.
In 1923 Jean Piaget married Valentin Schatenau and they had three children. By that time, the topic of intellectual and emotional development captured the scientist entirely, so he informally studied how his own children develop. These observations eventually led him to one of the most important and most famous discoveries – the theory of the phasic development of the psyche.
During his lifetime, Jean Piaget published more than sixty books and hundreds of articles. He left a bright mark not only in psychology, but also in the field of education, sociology, economics, jurisprudence and epistemology. The scientist died on September 16, 1980 years.
* Alfred Binet – an outstanding French psychologist and teacher, founder of the first experimental psychology laboratory in France; Together with T. Simon, he compiled a diagnostic test for the mental development of children, named after its authors. Note. ed.
Piaget’s Theory of Intellectual Development
When Piaget first started working on his theory, his approach was very different from everything scientists and researchers had done in this direction before him.
Instead of studying all the students, he focused on the children.
The theory was not about learning specific behaviors or knowledge, it looked at development in general.
Contrary to the generally accepted opinion at that time that the development of the psyche is a gradual process, during which human behavior becomes more and more complex, Piaget singled out several separate stages, describing them with clear quantitative characteristics.
Piaget believed that children are not just less competent thinkers than adults, but they are born with a basic mental organization, which is a set of genetic and evolutionary traits, and their learning and knowledge are derivatives of this structure.
Based on this premise, the scientist tried to explain the processes and mechanisms of the psyche in infants and older children, which over time allow them to learn to think logically and operate with hypotheses.
According to Piaget, children’s understanding of the environment develops gradually, and they inevitably encounter discrepancies between what they already know and what they learn.
In Piaget’s theory of intellectual development, three separate components can be distinguished.
1. Action schemas
Action schemas are the basic building blocks of knowledge that unite objects by similarity and difference. Each schema relates to a single piece of knowledge about the world—such as actions, objects, or concepts—and is a series of interrelated representations that are used to understand and respond to a particular situation. For example, if a child is shown a picture with a dog depicted on it, he creates for himself a diagram of the appearance of the animal: four paws, a tail, ears, and so on.
If the child can explain what he feels and perceives with the help of the scheme he already has, he is in a state of psychological balance.
Schemes of action are stored in the child’s memory and, if necessary, used by him in the future. For example, when the first time in a restaurant, the child creates a new scheme of actions associated with ordering dishes. Once in such an institution next time, he will already be able to apply his knowledge in a new, but similar situation.
Piaget also argued that some patterns of action are genetically programmed in children, such as the desire of a small child to suck on everything that comes to hand.
2. Processes that ensure the transition from one stage to another
Piaget believed that intellectual development is the result of the adaptation of knowledge and the human striving for balance. Adaptation of knowledge is carried out in two ways:
Assimilation – the use of an existing scheme of actions and its application in a new situation.
Accommodation – changing the existing scheme of actions in order to acquire new information.
To better understand how assimilation and accommodation work, let’s go back to the dog example above. Now the child has a diagram of the appearance of the animal: four paws, tail, ears. But when a real dog approaches him on the street, he will see other characteristics that are not included in his scheme.
It turns out that the dog is covered with hair, he licks his hand, he barks. Since there are no all these signs in the initial scheme, an imbalance arises, and the child begins to construct his own meaning. If the parent confirms that the new information also applies to the dog, assimilation occurs and balance is restored as the child successfully incorporates the new information into the existing schema.
But what if a child sees a cat on the street instead of a dog? Some characteristics are the same, although they are different animals. The cat meows, he can climb trees, he moves and behaves in a completely different way from a dog. Seeing a cat, the child goes out of balance, and he needs to coordinate (accommodate) new information, so he creates a new scheme, returning to a balanced state.
3. Stages of development of the intellect
Piaget believed that the mental development of the child goes through four stages. This is true for all children, no matter what culture they belong to, no matter where they live in the world. However, not all children go through the final stages.
Sensorimotor stage (birth to two years)
The child cognizes the world through the senses, as well as using objects. By the end of this stage, he realizes that objects and people do not disappear, even if he does not see or hear them.
Preoperative (two to seven years)
This is the stage of egocentric thinking, according to Piaget.
During this period of life, children are not yet able to understand the point of view of other people. They only have their own vision.
Concrete operations stage (seven to eleven years)
At this stage knowledge is accumulated. Although the child is still unable to understand abstract or hypothetical ideas, he is already beginning to make sense of concrete events logically.
Formal operations (age 11 and over)
At this stage, the child’s ability to manipulate ideas in the head, that is, to think abstractly, develops. It is during this period that children develop the ability for deductive and logical thinking and systematic planning.
Criticism of Piaget’s theory
Criticism of Piaget concerns mainly his research methods. Although he studied not only his own three children, but also others, all these children were from families with a fairly high social status – therefore, a very large sample was left without attention, and the results obtained by the scientist cannot be attributed to all sections of society.
In addition, a number of further studies revealed the fallacy of the assumption of an automatic transition from one stage of intellectual development to another. Many psychologists are convinced that environmental factors also play a key role in mental development.
Finally, according to many critics, Piaget underestimated the abilities of children, and four- and five-year-old children are much less egocentric than the researcher believed, and much better at understanding what is going on in their heads.
Nevertheless, thanks to the scientist’s hypotheses in psychology, a fundamentally new view of the mechanisms of the intellectual development of children has been developed, and his ideas have served as the most important building material for many other theories proposed since then, including those that refute his conclusions.
Paul Kleinman: Psychology. People, concepts, experiments .
Developmental psychology. The Cognitive Theory of Jean Piaget | Face Soul Actual psychology
Jean Piaget
J. Piaget built his theory of the development of children’s thinking on the basis of biology and logic. He considered the development of the cognitive activity of the child in the context of the general laws of the development of organic life.
The main goal of rational behavior, or thinking, J. Piaget considered adaptation to the environment. Ways of adaptation are called by him schemes. A schema is a repeating structure or organization of actions in certain situations. It can be simple movements, a complex of motor skills, skills or mental actions.
Piaget named assimilation, accommodation and balance as the main mechanisms by which a child passes from one stage of development to another. Assimilation is an action with new items based on already established skills and abilities. Accommodation is the desire to change one’s skills and abilities as a result of changing conditions and in accordance with them. Accommodation, restoring the disturbed balance in the psyche and behavior, eliminates the discrepancy between the existing skills, abilities and conditions for performing actions.
J. Piaget believed that one should strive to ensure that assimilation and accommodation are always in balance, because when assimilation dominates accommodation, thinking becomes rigid, behavior becomes inflexible. And if accommodation prevails over assimilation, the behavior of children becomes inconsistent and unorganized, there is a delay in the formation of stable and economical adaptive mental actions and operations, i. e. learning problems arise. The balance between assimilation and accommodation ensures reasonable behavior. Achieving balance is a difficult task. The success of its solution will depend on the intellectual level of the subject, on the new problems that he will face. It is necessary to strive for balance, and it is important that it be present at all levels of intellectual development.
Cognitive development occurs through assimilation, accommodation and balance, continuing throughout a person’s life.
An action scheme is that common thing that is preserved in an action when it is repeated many times in different circumstances, it is a mental structure at a certain level of mental development, a mental system or integrity that reproduces the logic of objective actions.
According to Piaget, there are four such stages: sensorimotor, preoperative, concrete operations stage, formal operations stage:
The initial stage of intelligence development is sensorimotor (from birth to 1. 5–2 years).
— At this stage, the child acts with material objects, learns the world through various actions.
— When balancing, the intellect of an infant is based on the data of the sense organs and bodily movements.
The second stage is preoperative (from 2 to 7 years).
— Children experience the world through their own actions. Their thinking tends to be overly concrete, irreversible, and egocentric.
The next stage is specific operations (from 7 to 11–12 years old)
— The child is able to perform systems of actions with objects in the mind, but based on specific material.
– Children begin to think logically, use concepts regarding specific objects or events.
– They can classify objects, build a hierarchy of concepts, comprehend the patterns of conservation.
The final stage is formal intelligence (from 11–12 to 15 years old)
– Adolescents can explore all logical options for solving a problem, think conditionally hypothetically, make assumptions and provide a chain of logical evidence.
— Formal thinking allows you to understand the point of view of another person. Kharkova D.Yu.
5th year student Safargalina E.I. 2nd year student Sterlitamak branch of Bashkir State University, Sterlitamak, Russian Federation DOI: 10.24411/2520-6990-2019-10938 FOUNDATIONS OF THE THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT PIAGET
Kharkova D. Yu.
5th year student
Safargalina E.I.
2nd year student Sterlitamak branch of BashSU, Sterlitamak, Russian Federation
BASES OF THE THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF PIAGET
Annotation
The article deals with one of the scientific areas of child psychology research, which is genetic psychology. The creator of this trend is Jean Piaget, a Swiss scientist and philosopher. The subject of research in genetic psychology is the development and origin of the intellect, the formation of concepts: time, space, object, etc. Genetic psychology studies children’s logic, the characteristics of a child’s thinking, the mechanisms of cognitive activity, the transition of forms of thinking from simple to complex.
Abstract
The article deals with one of the scientific directions of the study of child psychology, which is genetic psychology. The creator of this area is Jean Piaget — a Swiss scientist and philosopher. The subject of the study of genetic psychology is the development and origin of the intellect, the formation of concepts: time, space, object, etc. Genetic psychology studies children’s logic, the child’s thinking features, the mechanisms of cognitive activity, the transition offorms of thinking from simple to complex.
Keywords: early childhood pedagogy, Piaget, genetic psychology
Keywords: early childhood pedagogy, Piaget, genetic psychology
as a complex system of several components at once: biological, epistemological, psychological, logical and sociological. Piaget believed that genetic methods in psychology and psychological studies of the development of cognitive processes in the development of a child can provide answers to important questions of the theory of knowledge: how is the transition from ignorance to knowledge, from false to true knowledge; can talents and attitudes exist from birth, or do they only come with experience. Piaget considered intelligence as one of the ways to adapt to the environment. All living organisms need to create a comfortable environment for themselves. The influence of the environment leads to a failure in the body. In order to achieve harmony again, the body must always be in motion to compensate for the imbalance. For example, an external injury, such as a cut on the leg, activates a process that will eventually restore the skin on the wound. Piaget brings the desire for balance to the top step, not only cognitive, but development in general. The appearance of balance makes it possible to understand the aspects of the development of the psyche and mind. Cognitive adaptation is formed by two opposite0003
opposite processes – assimilation and accommodation. Although these two phenomena have different directions, they are directly related and complementary aspects of behavior.
Assimilation can be compared with the assimilation of food: each problematic situation is solved by existing actions or cognitive schemes. In the process of reading, one can observe the assimilation of information. Children can “grab” different objects using the grasp pattern. With the help of assimilation, the stability and preservation of the cognitive structure is ensured. In the case of accommodation, the schema applied to the new setting or goal changes; it gives you the opportunity to apply various options. Children learn to reach out their hands and fingers for each object in their own way, whether it be paper or a ball (the grasping pattern has undergone accommodation). By balancing accommodation and assimilation, improved adaptation can be achieved, but this phenomenon is inaccurate and temporary, it will again be replaced by an imbalance. It is not always possible to achieve a balance and then, any of these phenomena becomes predominant. The overbalance of the scales in the direction of assimilation can be seen by watching the children play. A block of wood for a child can easily turn into a doll, plane or car. Most often, accommodation can be observed in imitation and comparison of one’s behavior with the properties of external influences. Children’s minds are built around 9 actions0003
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and experiments with various objects. The subject, in order to cognize the object, needs to work with it at the same time: to grab, feel, bring closer, remove, move, etc. The accumulated experience is deposited in the child as a scheme of actions (one of the fundamental concepts of Piaget’s concept). This concept, precisely speaking, is those general actions that are preserved due to their repeated repetition. Otherwise, giving a more general concept of the scheme of actions, they say that this is a structured stage at certain levels of mental development. At some such stage of development, the scheme of actions becomes an operation (operational structure), hence the name of Piaget’s concept – operational. An operation is an internalized (internal) objective action that has become reversible and forms a system with others.
Already during our lifetime, we develop a structure of mental activity, which further depends on the experience gained and changes at each stage of development. Assimilation and accommodation allow mental activity to develop continuously and successively, and the peculiar organization of the mental act helps to distinguish the stages of intelligence. According to Piaget, the development of the psyche is a change in the intellectual structure between dominant stages, which tune into each other in a certain order at different speeds (depending on getting rich or poor experience).
Piaget singled out three stages of intelligence development: sensorimotor, concrete-operational (representative), and formal-operational. All periods are characterized both positively and negatively.
Piaget’s study of developing thinking begins from the first two years of life and consists in a practical and substantive analysis of the child’s activity. This is where the period of sensorimotor development begins. Piaget himself was the educator of two daughters, Jacqueline and Lucien, as well as a son, Laurent, and directly observed their development, thereby distinguishing six stages of sensorimotor development. On each of them, the transition of the innate mechanism and sensory behavior (for example, the sucking reflex) to forms of structured behavior is carried out. The period from the birth of a child to one and a half to two years can be characterized by developing feelings and motor apparatus: he begins to look, listen, touch, smell due to the manifestation of interest in the world around him.
There are sub-periods of sensorimotor intelligence: from seven to nine months, when the baby observes his own body; after the ninth month, when the formation of the objectification of the scheme of intellect in space takes place. At this stage, intelligence emerges when the child begins to use certain actions as a means to an end. At the end of the first sub-period, children discover
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many connections between their own actions and results – if you pull up the diaper, you will get the typewriter located there. The appearance of independent and permanent existence of other objects begins to appear. The property of the “constancy” of an object lies in the fact that further this object for the child gets the opportunity for an independent existence. The once missing object seemed to “cease to exist” for the child, now he is actively looking for the object in front of his eyes.
Another significant change is the fight against egocentrism and unconsciousness. The baby now distinguishes itself from the rest. Piaget assigned an important role to the processes of growing up, which create an opportunity for development. But in order for the baby’s intellect to develop, it is necessary to “communicate” with the outside world, manage objects, this allows the intellectual structures to be transformed and gradually improved.
And yet, each of these logical operations is specific and applies only to a real, tangible object and action with it, subject to a certain environment in which the child is comfortable.
The stage of the formal-operational structure is manifested in the child’s ability to reflect on topics of various subjects without much difficulty. The formal thought process is the main element of the logical thinking of an adult; elementary scientific knowledge, deduction and hypotheses are based on it. The ability of a person to come to conclusions according to the laws of elementary logic, the ability to put forward hypotheses and test them in experiments, to draw a conclusion, is called abstract thinking.
One often notices merit in adolescent children in the experimental derivation of some simple laws of physics. In such situations, the guys at the preoperative level act randomly, counting on a lucky break; children of a particular stage of development are more collected, trying several options. The child of the last stage, having made some attempts, stops them and begins to think about compiling various correct options. Then he proceeds to check them, analyzes them, studies their mistakes and successes. This course of action – a direct test of the possible outcomes of an event – is based on a new logical structure, which Piaget characterized using propositional language.
Adolescents show the ability to understand and build theories, join the view of
the world of an adult, go beyond the experience gained. Hypothetically speaking, the adolescent enters the realm of possible outcomes; ideals are more often than not erroneous. Just feeling the new social role of an adult, adolescents face difficulties, begin to consider different situations, as a result, the final stage of intellectual de-centering in a new environment begins.
Piaget identified some of the difficulties regarding the development of the intellect that occur during the period when the adolescent matures. During the formation of the life scheme, at the age of fifteen to twenty years, a structure of cognitive thinking appears, which each individual applies in a certain way, according to the required tasks, and a certain scheme is also formed for various activities.
Child psychology in our time has all sorts of difficulties. Issues of diagnosing, improving testing and methods for their implementation in a preschool educational institution. Thus, the materials obtained by leading psychologists in the past enable scientists to solve serious problems of our time in psychology.
References
1. B.L. Wulfson. Comparative pedagogy History and modern problems. 2003
2. Frenet S. Selected pedagogical works / Per. from fr. M., 1990.
3. Akimov A.A., Vildyaeva A.A., Agafonova A.A. Freud’s School of Psychoanalysis // Diary of Science. 2017. No. 5 (5). S. 7.
Preoperative stage of cognitive development
The preoperative stage is the second stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. This stage begins around age 2, when children begin to talk, and lasts until about age 7.
At this stage, children begin to participate in symbolic play and learn to manipulate symbols. However, Piaget noted that they do not yet understand the concrete logic.
The preoperative stage occurs around the age of 2 to 7 years. Speech development is one of the hallmarks of this period.
Piaget noted that children at this stage still do not understand concrete logic, cannot mentally manipulate information and cannot accept the point of view of other people, which he called egocentrism.
In the preoperative phase, children also become increasingly adept at using symbols, as evidenced by an increase in play and pretense. For example, a child might use an object to represent something else, such as a broom for a horse. .
Role play also becomes important – children often play the roles of “mommy”, “daddy”, “doctor” and many other characters.
Understanding egocentrism
Piaget used a number of creative and clever techniques to study the intelligence of children. One well-known technique for demonstrating self-centeredness is to use a three-dimensional image of a mountain. Children are often referred to as “three mountains task”. Children are asked to choose a picture that depicts the scene they were watching.
Most children do this without much difficulty. The children are then asked to choose a picture showing what someone else, , would have noticed when looking at the mountain from a different perspective.
Invariably, children almost always choose a scene showing their own view of the mountain. According to Piaget, children experience this difficulty because they cannot perceive the other person’s point of view.
Other researchers have also done similar experiments. In one study, children were shown a room in a small dollhouse. In the dollhouse, the children were able to see that a toy was hidden behind the furniture. The children were then taken to a full-size room that was a replica of a dollhouse. Very young children did not understand the need to look behind the sofa to find a toy, and slightly older children immediately looked for a toy.
Developmental psychologists refer to the ability to understand that other people have different points of view, thoughts, feelings, and mental states as a theory of mind.
Understanding conservation
Another well-known experiment involves demonstrating a child’s understanding of conservation principles. In one preservation experiment, an equal amount of liquid is poured into two identical containers. The liquid from one container is then poured into a cup of another shape, such as a tall and thin cup or a short and wide cup. The children are then asked which cup has the most liquid. Even though the amount of liquid was the same, children almost always choose the cup that feels fullest.
Piaget carried out a series of similar experiments on the conservation of number, length, mass, weight, volume, and quantity. He found that few children under the age of five showed any understanding of nature conservation.
Criticism
As you can see, most of Piaget’s attention at this stage of development was focused on what children were not yet able to do. The concepts of egocentrism and conservation focus on abilities that children have not yet developed; they lack the understanding that things look different to other people and that objects can change in appearance while retaining the same properties.
However, not everyone agrees with Piaget’s assessment of children’s abilities. For example, researcher Martin Hughes argued that the reason children failed on the Three Mountains task was simply that they did not understand it. In an experiment using puppets, Hughes demonstrated that children as young as 4 are able to understand situations from multiple perspectives, suggesting that children become less self-centered at an earlier age than Piaget believed. Interaction with others
Piaget’s explanation of the four stages of cognitive development
Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development suggests that children go through four distinct stages of mental development. His theory focuses not only on understanding how children acquire knowledge, but also on understanding the nature of intelligence. Piaget’s steps:
Sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 years
Preoperative: 2 to 7 years
Concrete life stage: age 7 to 11 years
Official stage of the operation: 12 years and older
Piaget believed that children take an active part in the learning process, acting much like little scientists, conducting experiments, observing and learning about the world. As children interact with the world around them, they constantly add new knowledge, build on existing knowledge and adapt previously put forward ideas for posting new information.
Illustration by Joshua Song, Verywell
How Piaget developed the theory
Born in Switzerland in the late 1800s, Piaget was a precocious student, having published his first scientific work when he was only 11 years old. His early exposure to the intellectual development of children came when he worked as an assistant to Alfred Binet and Theodor Simon when they were working to standardize their famous IQ test.
Piaget’s interest in the cognitive development of children was largely inspired by his observations of his own nephew and daughter. These observations supported his nascent hypothesis that children’s minds are not just smaller versions of adult minds.
Up to this point in history, children have been treated simply as smaller copies of adults. Piaget was one of the first to identify that the way children think is different from the way adults think.
Instead, he proposed that intelligence is something that grows and develops through a series of stages. He suggested that older children don’t just think faster than younger children. Instead, there are qualitative and quantitative differences between the thinking of young children and older children.
Based on his observations, he came to the conclusion that children are no less smart than adults, they just think differently. Albert Einstein called Piaget’s discovery “so simple that only a genius could think of it. »
Piaget’s stage theory describes the cognitive development of children. Cognitive development includes changes in cognitive processes and abilities. According to Piaget, early cognitive development includes action-based processes and then moves on to changes in mental operations.
Stages
By observing his children, Piaget developed a staged theory of intellectual development that includes four distinct stages:
Sensorimotor cascade
Age: from birth to 2 years
Main characteristics and developmental changes:
The infant learns the world through its movements and sensations
Children explore the world through basic activities such as sucking, grasping, looking and listening
Babies learn that things continue to exist even if they cannot be seen (object permanence)
They are separate beings from the people and objects around them
They understand that their actions can cause something in the world around them
At this earliest stage of cognitive development, infants and preschool children acquire knowledge through sensory experience and the manipulation of objects. All of a child’s experience in the earliest period of this stage occurs through basic reflexes, feelings, and motor responses.
It is during the sensorimotor stage that children experience a period of rapid growth and learning. By interacting with the environment, children are constantly making new discoveries about how the world works.
The cognitive development that occurs during this period occurs over a relatively short period of time and involves significant growth. Not only do children learn to perform physical activities such as crawling and walking; they also learn a lot about the language from the people they interact with. Piaget also broke this stage into several different sub-stages. It is during the final part of the sensorimotor stage that early representational thought occurs.
Piaget believed that the development of object permanence or object permanence, the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, was an important element in this stage of development.
Having learned that objects are separate and distinct entities and that they exist on their own outside of individual perception, children can then begin to attach names and words to objects.
Preoperative
Age: 2 to 7 years
Key characteristics and developmental changes:
Children begin to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent objects.
Children at this stage tend to be self-centered and try their best to see things from the point of view of others.
Although they improve language and thinking, they still tend to think about things in very specific terms.
The foundations of language development could have been laid at the previous stage, but it is the appearance of language that is one of the main signs of the preoperative stage of development.
Children become much more proficient at role play at this stage of development, but they continue to think very concretely about the world around them.
At this stage, children are learning through role play, but are still struggling with logic and understanding other people’s point of view. They also often struggle with understanding the idea of permanence. For example, the researcher might take a piece of clay, divide it into two equal parts, and then give the child a choice between two pieces of clay to play with. One piece of clay is rolled into a compact ball, and the other is smashed into the shape of a flat pancake. Since the flat shape is looks larger, a pre-op child is more likely to choose this piece even if the two pieces are exactly the same size.
Concrete stage of operation
Age: 7 to 11 years
Main characteristics and developmental changes
At this stage, children begin to think logically about specific events
They begin to understand the concept of conservation; that the amount of liquid in a short wide cup is equal to the amount of liquid in a tall thin cup, for example
Their thinking becomes more logical and organized, but still very specific.
Children begin to use inductive logic or reason from specific information to a general principle
Although at this stage of development, children are still very specific and literal in their thinking, they become much more adept at using logic. The egocentrism of the previous stage begins to fade as children begin to think better about how other people might view a situation.
Although thinking becomes much more logical in a particular working state, it can also be very rigid. Children at this developmental stage tend to struggle with abstract and hypothetical concepts.
During this stage, children also become less self-centered and begin to think about how other people might think and feel. Children in the concrete operation phase also begin to understand that their thoughts are unique to them and that not everyone else necessarily shares their thoughts, feelings, and opinions.
Formal operational stage
Age: from 12 years old
Main characteristics and developmental changes:
At this stage, the adolescent or young person begins to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems
The emergence of abstract thought
Adolescents begin to think more about moral, philosophical, ethical, social and political issues that require theoretical and abstract reasoning.
Start using deductive logic or reasoning from a general principle to specific information
The final stage of Piagetian theory includes the development of logic, the ability to use deductive reasoning, and an understanding of abstract ideas. At this stage, people become able to see many potential solutions to problems and think more scientifically about the world around them.
The ability to think about abstract ideas and situations is a key feature of the formal operational stage of cognitive development. The ability to systematically plan for the future and reason about hypothetical situations are also critical abilities that emerge during this stage.
It is important to note that Piaget did not see the intellectual development of children as a quantitative process; That is, children do not simply add more information and knowledge to their existing knowledge as they grow up. Instead, Piaget suggested that there is a qualitative change in the way children think as they gradually progress through these four stages. A child at the age of 7 years does not just have more information about the world than at age 2; In , the way he thinks about the world.
Important concepts
To better understand some of the things that happen during cognitive development, it’s important to first explore a few important ideas and concepts introduced by Piaget.
The following are some of the factors that influence how children learn and grow:
Diagrams
The diagram describes both mental and physical activities related to understanding and knowledge. Schemas are categories of knowledge that help us interpret and understand the world.
From Piaget’s point of view, the schema includes both the category of knowledge and the process of obtaining this knowledge. As experience develops, this new information is used to modify, add, or change pre-existing schemas.
For example, a child may have a schema about a type of animal, such as a dog. If a child’s only experience was with small dogs, the child might think that all dogs are small, fluffy, and have four legs. Suppose a child meets a huge dog. The child will accept this new information by changing the pre-existing schema to include these new observations.
Assimilation
The process of incorporating new information into our pre-existing schemas is known as assimilation. This process is somewhat subjective because we tend to modify experiences and information slightly to fit our pre-existing beliefs. In the example above, observing a dog and labeling it “dog” is a case of assimilation of the animal into the child’s dog schema.
Housing
Another part of adaptation involves modifying or modifying our existing schemas in light of new information, a process known as adaptation. Adaptation involves changing existing schemas or ideas as a result of gaining new information or new experiences. New schemas may also be developed during this process.
Balance
Piaget believed that all children are trying to find a balance between assimilation and accommodation, which is achieved through a mechanism that Piaget called balancing. As children go through stages of cognitive development, it is important to maintain a balance between applying previous knowledge (assimilation) and changing behavior to reflect new knowledge (adjustment). Balancing helps explain how children can move from one stage of thinking to another.
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One of the most important elements of Piaget’s theory to keep in mind is that it holds the view that the creation of knowledge and intelligence is an inherently active process.
“I oppose views of knowledge as a passive copy of reality,” Piaget explained. “I believe that knowing an object means influencing it, building systems of transformations that can be performed on this object or with it. Cognition of reality means building systems of transformations that more or less adequately correspond to reality.”
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development has helped us broaden our understanding of children’s intellectual development. He also emphasized that children are not just passive recipients of knowledge. Instead, children are constantly exploring and experimenting to understand how the world works.
Piaget cognitive developmental stages
What are the Piaget developmental stages?
Piaget’s stages of development are part of the theory of the phases of normal intellectual development, from infancy to adulthood. These include thoughts, judgments, and knowledge. The stages were named after the developmental psychologist and biologist Jean Piaget, who recorded the intellectual development and abilities of infants, children, and adolescents.
Piaget’s four stages of intellectual (or cognitive) development:
Sensorimotor. From birth to 18-24 months of age
Preoperative period. From toddlers (18-24 months) to early childhood (ages 7)
Concrete in working order. Ages 7 to 11
Officially in working order. From adolescence to adulthood
Piaget acknowledged that some children may go through stages at an age other than the average above. He also said that some children may exhibit characteristics of more than one stage at the same time.
But he insisted on the following:
Cognitive development always follows this sequence.
Stages cannot be skipped.
Each stage is marked by new intellectual abilities and a more complex understanding of the world.
Piaget’s 1936 theory broke new ground as he discovered that children’s brains work quite differently from those of adults. Before his theory, many believed that children were not yet capable of thinking as well as adults.
Some experts disagree with his concept of stages. Instead, they consider development to be continuous. Another criticism is that Piaget did not take into account how children’s culture and social environment influence their development.
Sensorimotor Stage
According to Piaget, in the early stages, babies are only aware of what is directly in front of them. They focus on what they see, what they are doing, and on physical interaction with their immediate environment.
Because they don’t yet know how things react, they are constantly experimenting. They shake or throw things, put things in their mouths, and learn the world through trial and error. Later stages involve purposeful behavior leading to the desired outcome.
Between 7 and 9 months of age, babies begin to understand that an object exists, even if they can no longer see it. This important milestone, known as object persistence, is a sign of memory development.
Once babies begin to crawl, stand and walk, their increased physical mobility leads to greater cognitive development. Toward the end of the sensorimotor stage (18–24 months), infants reach another important milestone, early language development, which is a sign that they are developing some symbolic abilities.
Preoperative
In this stage (toddler to 7 years old) young children can think of things symbolically. Their use of language becomes more mature. They also develop memory and imagination, which allows them to understand the difference between the past and the future and to pretend.
But their thinking is intuitive and yet not entirely logical. They are not yet able to understand more complex concepts such as cause and effect, time and comparison.
Specific operational stage
During this time, toddlers and teens between the ages of 7 and 11 demonstrate logical and concrete reasoning.
Children’s thinking becomes less self-centered. They become more aware of external events. They begin to realize that their own thoughts and feelings are unique and may not be shared by others or even be part of reality.
But at this stage, most children still cannot think abstractly or hypothetically.
Formal operational stage
Adolescents who reach this fourth stage of intellectual development—usually by the age of 11—can use symbols associated with abstract concepts such as algebra and science. They can think about things systematically, come up with theories, and consider capabilities. They may also think about abstract relationships and concepts such as justice.
Although Piaget believed in continuous intellectual growth, he insisted that the formal operational stage is the final stage of cognitive development. He also said that the further intellectual development of adults depends on the accumulation of knowledge.
Piaget’s stages of development
Along with stages of development, Piaget’s theory has several other basic concepts.
Schemas are thought processes that are essentially the building blocks of knowledge. For example, a child knows that he must suckle in order to eat. This is a schema.
Assimilation is how you use existing schemas to interpret a new situation or object. For example, a child who sees a skunk for the first time may call it a cat.
Placement is what happens when you change the schema or create a new one to fit the new information you are learning. The child adjusts when he realizes that not all furry four-legged creatures are cats.
The balance of occurs when you can use assimilation to accommodate most of the new information you are learning. This way you don’t keep adding new schemas all the time.
Using Piaget’s stages of development
Piaget’s theory influenced the education and upbringing of children. Here are some practical ways teachers and parents can put his ideas into practice:
Remember that children often learn best by doing things, not by hearing about them. You can’t learn to solve problems. It must be discovered.
The process of learning is just as (or even more) important than the end result.
Do not try to teach a child something he is not ready for. According to Piaget’s stages, children must master one level before moving on to the next.
Children learn as much from each other as they do from their parents or teachers. Give them joint projects or individual tasks.
Preparatory | Play Encyclopedia
The preoperative stage is the second of four stages proposed by Jean Piaget to describe the cognitive development of infants, children, and adolescents. Piaget was a developmental biologist who became interested in closely observing and recording children’s intellectual abilities. Piaget suggested that cognitive development occurs in stages, and distributed these stages according to the ages of children.
From birth to about 2 years of age – sensorimotor stage. The preoperative stage (age 2-7 years) runs from early childhood to early childhood. The specific operational stage is from 7 to 12 years. The formal operational stage occurs from the age of 12 to adulthood.
Piaget acknowledged that children may go through stages at different ages than what he considered normal, but insisted that cognitive development always follows this sequence and that stages should not be skipped. Each stage marks new intellectual abilities and a more complex understanding of the world.
During the preparatory phase, children learn to use the symbols of the language. Their thinking is before (before) operations, that is, they cannot use logic or transform, combine or separate ideas.
Between 2 and 7 years of age, preoperative children are described as egocentric. They are controlled by their own perceptions, thoughts and ideas and cannot take into account the point of view of others. The preoperative stage is divided into two sub-stages: the symbolic function sub-stage (ages 2-4) and the intuitive thinking sub-stage (ages 4-7).
By about 2 years of age, the emergence of language demonstrates that children have acquired the ability to think about something without the presence of an object. The ability to mentally represent objects and events allows for more complex symbolism. This can be seen as young children express themselves in their artistic attempts to draw to depict things they are familiar with, such as houses, trees, flowers, and people.
Because of their egocentricity, children in the sub-stage of symbolic function have difficulty distinguishing between their own views and those of others. The assumption that other children share the same feelings and thoughts can lead to difficulties in play situations when they encounter resistance to their ideas about how their play should be played. The main function of speech at this stage is to externalize one’s own thinking, rather than trying to communicate with others. Their conversations are often unrelated to what others are saying. Thus, young children often engage in parallel play with others rather than playing with them. They have not yet grasped the social function of language or rules.
As young children develop an attachment to symbols, they find it difficult to share objects or people they consider their own. Adults often mistake toys for selfishness and therefore see their toys as part of themselves, which prevents them from giving them up. When a new baby comes into the house, young children perceive that their mother is theirs alone as part of their symbolic “me and mine” mindset, and resistance to the “intruder” is often seen.
A kind of magical thinking also arises when we think that events that happen together cause each other. Therefore, children often become attached to a blanket or soft toy, because once this object was associated with comfort and good feelings, and subsequently they believe that it causes good feelings and begin to rely on it.
Young children are becoming more and more adept at using symbols, as evidenced by their play and pretense. Role playing as mom, dad, or other significant people they have been watching, as well as using objects to represent something else, becomes important at this age. When children discover dangers, unpleasant people, and experiences, they may begin to express their fears in dreams and symbolic play. Because of their feelings of powerlessness, superhero games often draw them in to help them feel more powerful.
Piaget described preoperative children as seeing the natural world alive, conscious, and purposeful. He used the term “animism” to describe children’s belief that inanimate objects such as their toys and teddy bears have human feelings and intentions. He identified four stages of animism. Children up to 4-5 years old believe that almost everything that is alive has a purpose. Between the ages of 5 and 7, only moving objects have a target. At the next stage, for children aged 7 to 9 years, only objects that spontaneously move are considered alive. K 9-12 years old children understand that only plants and animals are alive.
Preoperative children aged 4 to 7 enter the sub-stage of intuitive thinking. Primitive reasoning begins with the fact that the thought processes of children change from symbolic thinking to intuitive. Descendants can organize objects into primitive collections, but inconsistently. Because they tend to focus or only focus on one attribute of objects at a time, their organization can be one time in shape and color in another. This is called centering, and once children can move beyond this limited thinking, they can manifest classification and conservation abilities that become apparent at a particular operational stage.
Piaget described the preoperative stage in more detail about the limitations of children’s thinking and the mental tasks they cannot perform. These included the inability to decenter, preserve, understand that objects could be organized in a logical order, and perform inclusion tasks. He performed a number of experiments on the conservation of number, length, mass, weight, volume, and quantity. Conservation is the understanding that something remains the same in quantity even if its appearance changes. Pre-operational children focus on how the object looks now and cannot track transformations. They also fail to understand that the reverse transformation will return the material to its original state. These abilities are developed at the next specific stage of operation.
Jean Piaget and his theory and stages of cognitive development
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One of the most popular theories of cognitive development was created by Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist who believed that cognitive growth occurs in stages. Piaget studied children up to adolescence, trying to determine how they develop logical thinking. He tried to document the stages of cognitive development by observing children’s memory processes.
Jean Piaget
Basically, Piaget believed that people create their own understanding of the world. From the point of view of theology, he was a psychological constructivist , believing that learning is the result of a mixture of two processes: assimilation and adaptation. Children first reflect on their previous experiences to understand a new concept and then adjust their expectations to incorporate the new experience. This means that children continuously build knowledge based on newly presented ideas, resulting in long-term change. Piaget was more focused on the cognitive developments presented over time.
Related:
In his research, Piaget stated that cognitive development occurs in four stages throughout childhood:
The stages are in order.
Children did not skip the stages, but passed each of them.
There are visible changes from one stage to the next.
Stages are presented as building blocks, each of which consists of parts of the last stage.
Stages of cognitive development
This type of developmental model incorporates each stage into the next, which is why it is often referred to as a “ladder” model. On this ladder, Piaget outlined four stages of cognitive growth that occurred in children around the age.
Sensorimotor intelligence, from birth to 2 years.
Preoperative thinking, 2 to 7 years.
Concrete operational thinking, 7 to 11 years.
Formal operational thinking, from 11 years old.
Sensorimotor stage: Birth to 2 years
The first stage is aptly named after the way infants learn until the age of two. From birth, babies perceive information through their senses: touching, looking and listening. They are very fixated on the oral cavity and tend to put everything in their mouths. Piaget believed that this stage was valuable for their development, and each subsequent step is built on the growth that occurs at this stage.
We can observe the thought processes of infants through their actions. From about 6 months old, babies begin to organize ideas into stable concepts that don’t change. An infant may not understand a particular toy at first, but as he begins to look at it, feel it, and manipulate it frequently, he may visualize the object in his mind. This is how we can begin to observe knowledge in infants as they begin to demonstrate understanding of the object as it is. For example, by continuously playing with a toy animal, an infant begins to understand what kind of object it is and to remember his experience associated with this toy. Piaget designated this understanding as persistence of object , indicating knowledge of the toy even if it is out of sight. He considered this insight to be an important milestone in the sensorimotor stage and believed that it demonstrated differences in the thought processes of toddlers compared to infants.
The sensorimotor stage is unique in that it occurs without the use of language. Because babies can’t talk, Piaget did some creative experiments trying to figure out what they were thinking. His experiments were able to demonstrate that babies actually represent objects and understand that they are permanent. In one of his experiments, Piaget constantly hid a toy under the covers. Toddlers or children aged 18 to 24 months searched for the toy themselves, while infants under 6 months did not. Older infants have interpreted the concealment of the toy as an urge to seek it out, which is thought to support the idea of the object’s permanence.
Preoperative stage: 2 to 7 years
Children continue to use object representation important for the sensorimotor stage in a variety of activities. Although the way they represent objects has no logic or arguments, they continue to grow in this area until dramatic play . Artistic play, or the art of invention, is an indicative sign of this age and stage.
Since drama is considered to be educational, teachers often promote its use in the classroom. The preoperative stage occurs between the ages of two and seven, meaning that creative activity is encouraged from preschool through second grade. Drama play is considered one of the first demonstrations of metacognition in children, or dualistic thinking. While engaging in creative play, children simultaneously reflect on real-life experiences.
Specific stage of exploitation: ages 7 to 11
In Piaget’s next stage, children begin to present objects and ideas more logically. Although the thought process is not at the same level as adults, they become more flexible in their thoughts and ideas. This allows them to solve problems more systematically, which leads to greater success in learning activities at school. Piaget called this stage concrete operational, because he believed that children can manage specific objects, but do not yet think methodically about representations of objects. Only later can children think about abstract events and manipulate ideas about events. For example, a child might implement the rule “If nothing is added or taken away, then the amount of something stays the same.” “Applying system rules or ideas can help a child solve simple problems in the classroom, such as addition and subtraction problems or scientific calculations.
There are two things that distinguish concrete operational thinking from preoperative thinking. The first one is reversibility , which allows the child to control the order of any process. We can use the example of a scientific experiment with a shell or a float to demonstrate the existence of reversibility. In this experiment, the child places various objects in a bucket of water, testing whether they float or sink. A child in the preoperative stage will be able to describe the procedure performed, but only a child in a specific operational stage will be able to retell the experiment in various ways, for example, in chronological order or in random order. . Multi-step procedures are common in the classroom, making reversibility a valuable learning skill. Children who are still in the pre-operational stage may need help in performing activities in the form of prompts or reminders from the teacher. We can use the vocabulary learning task from the story as an example in class. The teacher can give the students a multi-step instruction: firstly, write down the words you don’t know when you meet them in the story, secondly, look up the definition before continue the story, and third, have a friend ask you questions about all the words you just learned. This type of multi-stage learning involves repeatedly returning to the first and second task, which can only be done by children who have already reached a particular work stage.
The second acquired skill is decentralization . This allows the child to take a step back and analyze the problem from several angles. The ability to look at the problem from a different point of view is a key feature of a particular operational stage. We can observe the appearance of this ability at the preoperative stage, when children begin to participate in dramatic play. For example, a child might use a banana to mimic a phone, demonstrating awareness that the banana is both a banana and a phone. Piaget argued that children at a particular operational stage make more informed and calculated choices, demonstrating that they are aware of their decentralization. An example in the classroom can be displayed as a simple worksheet. Using multi-step instruction, the teacher can ask students to identify all problems that meet two criteria: this is a two-digit subtraction problem, and it requires regrouping. The child is only responsible for solving problems that meet both of these requirements. A child in a particular operational stage can easily move between the first and second criteria, analyzing each problem to see if it meets both specifications. This task also assumes that the student is already able to independently regroup subtraction tasks.
Both reversibility and decentralization tend to go together in educational institutions. As you can see from the example worksheet, the procedures can be executed out of order as long as there are multiple criteria. Piaget had a popular example demonstrating the idea of the conservation of , or the idea that the quantity would remain the same despite the shape. For his experiment, he used two clay balls of the same size. Although a child in the preoperative stage may testify that two clay balls “look the same,” they base their assumptions solely on external observations. If one ball of clay has been stretched as thin as a hot dog, the child may claim that they are different in preparation for surgery, even if the same amount of clay was used for the mold. At a specific stage of work, the child understands that two different forms can be made from the same volume of clay. The child can justify their answer using reversibility, stating that “you can compress it back into a ball” or decentralize, for example, “it can be longer, but thinner.” Piaget argued that children at this stage can show conservation of quantity, despite to the form.
Formal operational stage: age 11 and over
As children progress to the formal operational stage, they may think about more abstract ideas. Like the concrete operational stage, the formal operational stage takes its name from the newly acquired skill of representing objects or events. In the classroom, the teacher can now ask hypothetical questions with reasonable expectations. Students must internally reflect on various ideas and manipulate multiple points of view at the same time. “What if the world had never discovered electricity?” “What if European settlers never left for the New World?” Abstract questions such as these force students to use hypothetical reasoning for an answer.
Piaget was most interested in hypothetical reasoning in scientific experiments, resulting in most of his research being done in middle and high school. In one study, students are asked questions about a pendulum, an axis on which weights are freely suspended. “What determines how fast a pendulum will swing: the length of the rope holding it, the weight attached to it, or the distance it is pulled away?”
The students participating in Piaget’s experiments were not allowed to physically solve the problem by manipulating the pendulum, they were asked to verbally justify the solution. This meant that people were forced to imagine all the factors independently, taking into account the factors that remained constant. The ability to solve this problem in a systematic way was a clear determinant of the formal operations in the thought process. The ability to manipulate different outcomes is a precise skill of the formal operational stage.
There are clear benefits for students who have already reached the formal operating stage. They require much less support in problem solving, which allows them to be more independent in the educational environment and need less guidance from teachers. However, this does not mean that they can successfully complete all academic tasks, and this is not the only way to do this. Self-regulation remains an important part of academic success; if a student lacks self-motivation or misbehaves, they don’t do as well in school. Formal operational thinking also does not involve special skills such as musical and artistic talent or athletic greatness. One of the criticisms of Piaget’s theory is that this stage only covered the solution of scientific problems in an educational environment, which most people do not encounter in their daily lives. Thus, many never reach this level of operational thinking, and if they do, they use it only in inexperienced and familiar situations. This proves that more research is needed on the development of personal and interactive problems in children and young people.
PREOPERATIVE STAGE
The preoperative stage occurs between the ages of 2 and 6 and is the second stage of Piaget’s cognitive development.
During most of the preoperative stage, the child’s thinking is egocentric or egocentric. According to Piaget, at the stage of preparation for surgery, it is difficult for a child to understand life from any other point of view than his own. At this stage, the child is very oriented towards me, myself and me.
Egocentrism is very noticeable in the relationship between two preschoolers. Imagine that two children are playing next to each other: one is playing with a coloring book and the other is playing with a doll. They take turns talking to each other, but each child is completely oblivious to what the other is saying.
Julie: “I love my cart, her name is Tina”
Carol: “I’m going to dye the sun yellow”
Julie: “She has long curly hair like my aunt”
Carol: “Maybe I can paint the trees yellow too.”
Julie: “I wonder what Tina’s eyes are made of? »
Carol: “I lost my orange pencil”
Julie: “I know her eyes are made of glass.”
This type of exchange is called “collective monologues”. This type of monologue demonstrates the egocentricity of the child’s thinking at this stage.
The egocentrism of a small child makes them believe that everyone thinks the same as they do, and that the whole world shares their feelings and desires. This sense of oneness with the world leads to the child’s assumptions of magical omnipotence. The world is not only created for them, they can control it. This leads the child to believe that nature is alive and controlled. This is the concept of egocentrism, known as “animism” , most characteristic of egocentric thought.
Closely related to animism is artificiality , or the idea that natural phenomena are created by people. Such as the sun creates a man with a match. “Realism” is the child’s idea that his own point of view is objective and absolute. The child thinks from one point of view and considers this reality to be absolute. Names, for example, are real to a child. The child cannot understand that names are just verbal labels, or imagine that they could have been given a different name.
In the preoperative stage, the child begins to develop the use of symbols (but cannot manipulate them), and the child can use language and words to represent invisible things. In addition, the preoperative child begins to cope with conservation problems. Although the child still cannot think in a truly logical way, the child may begin to refer to objects as part of a group. The child may have difficulty classifying before surgery.
At the last stage of the preoperative stage, the child begins to understand between reality and fantasy. The child also begins to understand sexual roles in society.
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Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development – Psychology in Action
Preoperative Preparation (2-7 years): During the preoperative stage, children continue to acquire motor skills; however, this stage is much more characterized by children’s play patterns and a lack of logical thinking. As in the sensorimotor stage, children in the preoperative stage are involved in highly egocentric thinking, in which they are unable to conceptualize the other person’s point of view as different from their own (e.g., ” My favorite food is pasta, so my friend Michael’s favorite food is also pasta!”). During this stage, children also engage in a lot of imaginary/symbolic play (eg, pretending a cardboard box is a racing car; having tea parties with soft toys or imaginary friends).
Notable cognitive characteristics of this stage are centering and, accordingly, a lack of understanding of preservation . When children are engaged in centering, they pay attention to only one property of the object, ignoring other properties and often making false conclusions. One way to observe the lack of preservation in children at this stage is to give them two equal-sized glasses with an equal amount of liquid, and then pour the liquid from one into a taller, thinner glass. When children see this, they will say that tall thin glass holds more liquid than shorter, wider glass, simply because tall glass is taller.
Specific worker (7-11 years old): When children reach a specific operational stage, they become capable of logical thinking in specific circumstances and adult-like thinking patterns begin to emerge. Although they are not yet able to engage in hypothetical or abstract thinking, they show a better understanding of the properties and relationships of objects than children in the pre-operational stage. Children at this stage are no longer self-centered—they can take other’s perspectives—and no longer show focus, and they now understand conservation. In addition, they can classify objects based on a variety of characteristics (e.g., colors, numbers, masses, shapes). According to Piaget’s theory, while children at a particular operational stage have difficulty with deductive reasoning (using a general principle to predict a particular outcome), they may use inductive reasoning (using a few specific examples to find an overarching rule or characteristic).
Formal Worker (ages 11-16 to adulthood): This stage develops the ability to think about abstract concepts. People in the formal operational stage use deductive reasoning and can engage in logical and methodical problem solving.
While Piaget’s theory certainly had an impact on developmental psychology, it is not without its weaknesses. First of all, the theory suggests that development is a smooth, continuous process; Once children have thought patterns typical of the next developmental stage, they no longer exhibit patterns typical of the previous stage. Anyone who has experience with children can tell you that this is not entirely true: development does not occur evenly, linearly, and children who exhibit thought processes specific to a particular operational stage one day may exhibit preoperative thought processes the next day. Second, Piaget’s theory assumes that all processes are common to a domain, and that the ability to reason about one domain means that one can reason about other domains. This theory also ignores other environmental factors that are critical to children’s development, such as language and other sociocultural factors.
Stages of a child’s intellectual development according to Jean Piaget
Jean Piaget, a Swiss scientist, psychologist, philosopher, worked in science for 60 years, he created the Geneva School of Psychology. J. Piaget studied the intellectual development of the child and in his writings showed how it changes throughout childhood and adolescence.
Examining the development of the child’s intellect, J. Piaget determined that it goes through a number of stages – these are stages or levels of development that successively replace each other. At each stage, a certain balance is reached, which is then disturbed, but the order of the stages remains unchanged.
Piaget believed that the process of the development of intelligence is a change of three large stages, during which the formation of three main intellectual structures takes place: first, sensorimotor structures (systems of sequentially performed material actions) are formed, then structures of specific operations arise (systems of actions performed in the mind , but relying on external visual data), later formal-logical operations are formed (the highest stage in the development of intelligence).
According to J. Piaget, intellectual development is a transition from the lower stages to the higher ones, and each previous stage prepares the next one, is rebuilt at a higher level.
Sensorimotronic stage
This is the period of sensorimotor intelligence that covers the first two years of life. The baby’s speech is not yet developed, there are no ideas, behavior is based on the coordination of movement and perception (that’s why it is called the sesomotor stage). Having been born, the child has congenital reflexes. For example, the sucking reflex may change over time: every day the baby sucks better and not only during meals, but also after he can suck fingers or objects that have touched his mouth. This is stage reflex exercises (0 – 1 month) . As a result, the first skills (1 – 4 meters) are also formed.
Then the baby turns his head in the direction of the noise, he can follow the movement of the object with his eyes and try to grab it with his hand. These are primary circular reactions (1 – 4 m.) or repetitive actions that are reinforced by the child’s own activity. Secondary circular reactions (4 – 8m.) appear when the baby is not focused on his activity, but on the changes caused by actions. For example, a child may shake a rattle for a long time in order to prolong the sound that interested him. Later, when actions give an unexpected effect (a new impression), the baby repeats it and reinforces the new scheme – this is the beginning practical intelligence (8 – 12 m.) . When a child deliberately changes his actions, actively experiments in order to look at the result, tertiary circular reactions appear (12 – 18 months) .
Further, the baby is already able to combine his actions in his mind and come to the right decision – internalization of actions (18 – 24 months) takes place. About two years, an internal action plan is being formed. For example, a child has toys in both hands and needs to open the door. He places them on the floor, while noticing that the opening door can hit them. He moves the toys to another place and opens the door.
This ends the first sensorimotor stage and the child moves on to another stage of representational intelligence and specific operations.
Stage of representational intelligence and specific operations
This is the period of thinking with the help of representations. The lack of development of verbal thinking and a strong figurative beginning lead to a kind of childish logic. The kid is not yet capable of proof and reasoning at the stage preoperative representations (2 – 7 years) . He focuses on the external signs of objects. He considers things as they are given by direct perception. For example, children think that the wind is blowing because the trees are swaying. J. Piaget called this phenomenon realism. Children with pre-operational ideas are characterized by insensitivity to contradictions, lack of connection between judgments, a tendency to connect everything with everything, a transition from the particular to the particular, bypassing the general, etc.
0010 egocentrism . Egocentrism is a special intellectual position of the child. Children perceive the world around them only from their own point of view, not understanding or accepting others. They choose what is best for them and closer. Egocentric thinking is characteristic of every period of child development.
By the age of 7-8, the stage of pre-operational representations ends. Children gain an understanding of the conservation of the amount of matter, as well as the fact that during transformations, some properties of objects are preserved, while others change. Stage 9 begins0010 specific operations (7 – 11 years old) . At this stage, children are able to reason and prove, take into account different points of view. For logical operations, visualization is necessary, they cannot be performed in a hypothetical plan, and therefore are specific. By the age of 11, preparation for the formation of scientific concepts begins.
The stage of formal operations
This is the highest period of the child’s intellectual development. At the stage of formal operations (11-15 years old) children are freed from attachment to objects given by perception and begin to think like adults. They can consider judgments as hypotheses from which various consequences can be deduced, thinking becomes hypothetical-deductive.
Stages of a child’s mental development
Most developmental theories recognize that a person develops in stages, that is, in order to reach maturity, he must successively go through several stages . There are several schemes for describing the mental development of a child.
Some researchers believe that mental development is a continuous and unchanging sequence of stages, each of which is prepared by the previous one. Others argue that the evolution of a child is a sequence of reorganizations, including the addition or suppression of some functions at certain points. We will focus on Piaget’s theory.
There are three major stages in a child’s intellectual development.
Sensorimotor stage (from birth to 2 years)
At this stage, the child acquires motor and sensory abilities. In other words, he listens, examines, hits, crushes, bends, pushes, pours. Thus, on the basis of hereditary mechanisms and the first motor skills, various actions are gradually linked to each other. This gives rise to new means to achieve certain goals.
The sensorimotor stage includes six stages:
Congenital reflexes (first month of life) – sucking, grasping. They are triggered by external stimuli and become more effective with repetition.
Motor skills (from 1 to 4 months) – sucking at the sight of a feeding bottle, grasping a bottle with a hand, etc. These skills are formed as conditioned reflexes.
Circular reactions (from 4 to 8 months) – grasping a string on which a rattle is suspended to make it make a sound, etc. This skill is formed through the development of coordination between perceptual systems and motor circuits.
Coordination of means and ends (from 8 to 12 months). The child’s actions become more and more deliberate, he is directed towards achieving the goal (for example, he moves the experimenter’s hand away to reach for the doll hidden behind it).
The discovery of new means (from 12 to 18 months) occurs in a child by chance, but causes the child to form a connection between the action and its result. For example, by pulling a rug towards him, a child can get a toy lying on it.
Invention of new means (18 to 24 months) – the child learns to find original solutions to problems as a result of already existing schemes of actions and suddenly emerging ideas.
Stage of specific operations (from 2 to 11 years old)
Further internalization of actions takes place and their transformation into operations that allow the child to compare, classify, measure, arrange in a row, etc. Thus, when dealing with concrete things, the child discovers that what he has finished building can be destroyed, and then recreated anew or in a different form. In other words, the child learns that there is a certain type of action that is reversible and can be integrated into general structures, and this allows him to operate with such categories as quantity, size, number, capacity, weight, volume, etc.
The concrete operations stage is also divided into several stages.
The pre-operational level (from 2 to 5 years) represents the first stage of the internalization of actions. It is characterized by the development of symbolic thinking, which allows the child to imagine objects or stimuli using mental images and designate them with names or symbols, rather than direct actions
However, the operations that the child is trying to perform at this time are limited by the still too narrow range of thinking and its egocentric character. At this age, the child does not seem to be able to take into account the various aspects of a given situation at the same time.
The first level of concrete operations (from 5-6 to 7-8 years) is reached when the child is able to understand that two attributes of an object, such as the shape and amount of a substance, are independent of each other (the fact that the sausage is long and thin, does not affect the amount of plasticine from which it is made). This idea of the preservation of some features of an object extends already to the material from which it is made, to its length, and then, at the next level of development, also to its mass and volume. In this period of time, the child acquires the ability to both arrange objects in a row (for example, in order of decreasing size) and classify them (learns to classify blue objects as blue, birds as birds, etc.).
At the second level of specific operations (from 8 to 11 years old), the child, in addition to the idea of conservation of mass and volume L, also receives an idea of time and speed, as well as measurements with the help of a standard. At the end of this period, the child, in addition, more and more deeply understands the relationship between the features of objects; this allows him to arrange objects in space, solve problems of perspective or simple physical problems, and show him the way to logical thinking, characteristic of adolescents and adults.
Stage of formal operations (from 11-12 to 14-15 years old)
At this stage mental operations can be performed without any specific support. In fact, we are talking about abstract thinking, functioning with the help of hypotheses and deductions.
Based on the book by J. Godfroy “What is psychology”
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Preschool Long Island | Preschools in Suffolk County
Overview
Preschoolers and toddlers live in a magical time! Adventure is always afoot, and there are great discoveries to be made. Preschool is a wonderland of opportunity to explore, discover, and encounter the world all at arms length, and in the spirit of good fun! Preschoolers develop a remarkable sense of well being, accomplishment, and independence at the Laurel Hill School.
The Preschool and Toddler curricula offer days full of excitement and discovery. Using a fully individualized and experiential approach, children are exposed to the basic social and academic concepts that they will need for advanced instruction in kindergarten and beyond. At LHS, we never underestimate the capabilities of very young children to grasp, process and interpret information, and we provide exposure to a world of ideas and concepts. As always our teachers work with children at their own pace and comfort level so that they finish each year with major cognitive milestones achieved.
The classrooms are fully incorporated into the school environment, with access to special equipment such as playgrounds and walking paths suited to their developmental stage. Daily time outdoors on our grounds helps balance the schedule of each busy day.
The Curriculum
Our fully academic program, based on the kindergarten-level skills in reading and mathematics as well as science and social studies, is delivered with an individualized approach.
During reading and math times, the class becomes a laboratory with three separate stations: primary instruction, lesson reinforcement, and exploratory play. Children are assigned to their own small group of 4 to 5 according to skill level, and rotate through each station.
Children receive initial exposure to major concepts in their teacher-facilitated primary instruction groups, then move to an educational assistant-facilitated group in which the primary lesson is reinforced through alternative activities such as art and cooking. Children share the learning experience with peers who share their up-to-the-minute educational needs, ensuring an environment in which all can participate.
LEARNING TO READ
Approach to literacy. LHS employs a phonemic awareness approach to reading. This encourages children to use their auditory and visual skills to learn to identify individual letters and sounds. The phonics approach also builds later skills for decoding and spelling. The individualized instruction and advanced skill development LHS offers allows some children to finish preschool reading at the level of a child who has completed kindergarten.
Instructional strategies. Our experiential instructional strategy includes puppetry, music and games to introduce children to letters and sounds. Each letter is presented in the form of a “letter person” that children can hold and interact with. Letter people have their own special characteristics as well as songs. The many levels of interaction with each letter allow children to internalize the essential phonetic information included in the lesson and heightens the phonemic awareness in general.
Library links. There is no better way to encourage a love of reading than to read with our children! Ongoing sharing of literature with children helps to build comprehension skills and reinforce concepts taught in class. Teachers ensure that these are interactive experiences with plenty of Q&A built in. Immersion of our students in literature is a focal point of the LHS experience.
MATHEMATICS
Exposure to concepts. The preschool mathematics program develops children’s spatial skills and familiarity with number concepts in addition to counting and number value skills. Children are taught number concepts (more than, less than), sorting and classifying, and pattern building, as well as number sequencing, telling time, coin identification, and numerical value identification.
Instructional strategies. Here too, LHS utilizes an experiential approach, teaching math concepts with the use of manipulatives such as place value blocks, geo boards, and shape cards. Mathematical concepts are continuously reinforced through games.
SCIENCE
The discovery-oriented science program exposes children to major concepts in natural science, and allows them to explore the natural environment hands-on. Each month, teachers create in-class experiments and field experiences to help children absorb topics such as the four seasons, the five senses, water, light and air, seeds and plants, marine life, magnetism and sound vibrations. Children’s natural curiosity about the natural environment is stimulated through these activities. Here again, literature is utilized to enhance and enrich exploration of the world of science.
SOCIAL STUDIES
The world comes into the classroom during social studies! Every two weeks, a brand-new theme is introduced. Themes span historical topics such as Native American culture and the discovery of America, holidays such as Earth Day and Thanksgiving, social issues such as fire safety, and political topics such as Martin Luther King Jr. ’s civil rights movement, the White House, and elections. It’s not unusual to spot our preschoolers composing letters to the President or acting out the arrival of the Pilgrims. Social studies topics are taught using modalities of creative drama, music, and cooking, reinforced with literature
LIBRARY
Children in the four-year-old program have the opportunity to visit the library for a specialized literature program. The program is founded in the concept of author study, introducing children to the variety of styles employed by children’s authors and encouraging them to develop their own. These experiences inspire a love of literature, and encourage pre-literacy skills.
SPANISH LANGUAGE STUDY
A specialized language program for young children, which pairs words with visual icons, helps preschoolers develop elementary Spanish language skills. Vocabulary is introduced in the context of sentences, and through interactive games and music. This engaging, high-energy program helps children feel excited about learning a new language, and capitalizes on the innate linguistic flexibility of very young children.
DRAMATIC PLAY
The learning capacity of very young children is maximized when all of their senses are immersed in brand-new environments. Laurel Hill’s preschool classrooms include a Dramatic Play area that transforms on a monthly basis. Complete with signage, vocabulary words, manipulatives, and topic-specific toys and art materials, the Dramatic Play area allows children to explore exciting new worlds. Teachers assist children to develop familiarity with these new settings, to become adept with their vocabulary, and to begin to establish relevant conceptual knowledge. In a single year, and without leaving their classrooms, the Dramatic Play area allows children to visit places as diverse as an animal hospital, airport, construction firm, farmer’s market, flower shop, and department store!
EXPRESSIVE ART
Art is a natural mechanism for young children to express their perceptions of the world. In addition to the individual projects that children have the opportunity to complete each day, Laurel Hill encourages large-format group projects that encourage children to create cooperatively. Using a variety of tools, including multi-sized and textured brushes, rollers, sponges, sticks and stamps, children collaborate to produce art that would be impossible to create independently. This is the very favorite part of the day for many children, for whom combining socialization with artistic exploration is a perfect fit.
MUSIC
Making Music. Singing, dancing, rhythm band, and movement games stir up the fun and enhance our learning each day. Our children enjoy daily music classes that stimulate our toddlers’ desire to learn, and create feelings of excitement and enjoyment.
GYMERCISE
Gymercise and Playtime Fun. Exercise and sports for our little tykes. Preschoolers receive physical education classes in our gym. Playtime fun happens indoors or outdoors in the early childhood playgrounds. There’s everything available for a preschooler to have healthful fun in his/her way.
EVALUATION
Laurel Hill considers it essential to keep you apprised of every aspect of your child’s progress. Children are informally evaluated through game challenges several times during the year to assess their accomplishment of milestones and absorption of concepts learned in class. Twice a year, parent-teacher conferences are held to give you an opportunity to discuss your children’s growth. Prior to the conference, teachers assess students progress on a one-to-one basis. The results of these assessments are described in a Progress Report which is reviewed during the conference.
Guide to Albuquerque Area Preschools and Childcare
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Choosing childcare or a preschool can be daunting. We hope this guide will serve as a one-stop-shop as you search for that place where you feel comfortable and where you know your little one will be cared for.
Manzano Day School
Founded in 1938, Manzano Day School is an independent, nonprofit elementary school for children in pre-kindergarten through fifth grade. As a Blue Ribbon School of Excellence, it is accredited by the Independent Schools Association of the Southwest (ISAS) and a member in good standing of the National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS). Manzano Day School is dedicated to innovative child-centered education, excellence in teaching, and Joy in Learning® to prepare children for a life of discovery and community involvement. In addition to the core subjects of reading, math, science, and social studies, the six co-curricular subjects of art, library, music, physical education, Spanish, and technology are part of every student’s schedule.
Pre-K Program
How to Apply
Admission FAQs
Register for Spring Open House
Ages 4+
1801 Central Ave NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104
(505) 243-6659
Montessori ONE Academy
Founded in 2007, Montessori ONE Academy is the only AMI-recognized (Association Montessori International/USA), authentic Montessori school in Albuquerque. With programs serving infant, preschool, and elementary students, children at Montessori ONE Academy are encouraged to explore, investigate and fulfill their natural curiosity about the world around them.
The Montessori Method—an approach that values the human spirit and the development of the whole child (physical, social, emotional, and cognitive)—approaches education from a global and subject-integrated perspective. Montessori ONE students progress through the programs at their own pace– unhindered by grade-level curriculum. Here, children learn that school can be a fun and exciting adventure… thus creating lifelong learners.
Parents of Montessori ONE students appreciate the diverse community, intergenerational and summer programs, on-site before and after-care, on-campus extracurricular programs, rich curriculum, and the nurturing and empowering atmosphere afforded their children. You are invited to schedule a tour and discover more about the globally-celebrated Montessori Method and how Montessori ONE Academy is helping students discover the joy of learning.
Website
Admissions
Schedule a Virtual Tour
Facebook
Ages 6 weeks+
9360 Holly Avenue, NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87122
(505) 822-5150
Escuela del Sol
Escuela del Sol’s 50+ year history provides a rock-solid education you can count on. Escuela del Sol Montessori, New Mexico’s first accredited Montessori school, offers a child-centered program for in-person learning. The staff at Escuela is committed to offering robust learning opportunities that adhere to century-old Montessori principles, which center around fundamental skills integrated in an interdisciplinary program to nurture creativity and enthusiasm for lifelong learning while fostering critical thinking and social responsibility.
Escuela offers an environment of kindness, courtesy, self-respect and consideration for others that is crucial to moral development, a sense of dignity, and academic success. The experienced Classroom Guides and staff at Escuela also know that safety is the top priority when it comes to your children, that’s why they are operating from a thoroughly researched, Covid-19 Operations Plan that includes expansive indoor-outdoor classroom spaces, and meets CDC, NM PED and NM ECECD guidelines.
Escuela del Sol Montessori is accepting applications for admission for Early Childhood, Elementary and Jr. High, ages 18 months through 14 years. Limited spaces are available. Escuela del Sol Montessori, an independent not-for-profit school in Albuquerque, NM, provides the best educational conditions to engage and nurture every child’s innate passion to learn.
Website
Instagram
Facebook
Early Childhood
Ages 18 months – 8th grade
1114 Seventh Street NW, Albuquerque, NM 87102
(505) 242-3033
Hope Christian Preschool
Hope Christian Preschool began this school year in our brand NEW state-of-the-art facility where our littlest Huskies enjoy spacious classrooms filled with natural light, girls and boys bathrooms in each room, and with access to their own preschool playground separate from the older elementary children.
With a student-teacher ratio of 12:1, our preschoolers receive the attention they need to develop academically, socially, and spiritually. Hands-on learning centers develop both fine and gross motor skills. Daily reading time, singing songs, and interactive lessons help students develop critical thinking and social skills. We promote the love of learning with a focus on cultivating hearts of gratefulness and service to others.
For our three year old students, we offer full day preschool options 3 or 5 days per week. Our four year old program is full time, 5 days per week. Both offer extended care before and after school on a secure campus.
Upon graduation from Preschool, students may continue their learning K-12th at HOPE Christian Elementary, Middle, and High School.
Give your child a strong foundation at HOPE Christian School!
3D Virtual Tour
Admissions
Curriculum
Facebook
Ages 3 & 4
6721 Palomas Ave NE, Albuquerque, NM 87109
(505) 822-5399
ABQ Childcare
ABQ Childcare is a non profit that has four locations. We have been serving the community for over 48 years! We offer New Mexico Free Pre-K for ages 3-5 and accept state assistance. We are open Monday – Friday 6:30 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. We have programs for school-aged kids before and after school, van transportation to local schools, and wrap around care for our pre-K programs. All of our locations are 5 Star Nationally Accredited through NECPA and we offer four free meals daily regardless of income. Stop by for an in-person tour or apply online at abqchildcare.com
Website
Instagram
Ages 6 weeks – 12 years
All Seasons Day School: 7700 Zuni Rd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
Alvarado Day School: 300 Alvarado Drive SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
ChildCo Day School: 3901 San Mateo Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87110
Little Corral Day School: 10111 Constitution Ave NE, Albuquerque, NM 87112
All Seasons Day School:(505) 266-3000
Alvarado Day School:(505) 266-5846
ChildCo Day School:(505) 881-3611
Little Corral Day School: (505) 299-0633
St. Luke Preschool
St. Luke Preschool is a faith-based, 5-star NAEYC accredited school offering high-quality programs for children ages 2 through 6 through the school year and six weeks in the summer. We are inclusive and provide a safe and nurturing environment that enables and encourages children to learn through developmentally appropriate play while developing a life-long love of learning and community. Please contact us to schedule a tour, meet our amazing staff, and receive enrollment information.
Website
Facebook
Ages 2-6 years
9100 Menaul Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87112
(505) 292-8812
Paradise Hills United Methodist Church Preschool
PHUMC Preschool has been faithfully serving our community since 1999. We are a licensed, faith-based, non-denominational Christian preschool that serves children ages 2-5. Our staff members are mature, fully trained, and dedicated moms who have a heart for children. We believe each child is an individual created by God.
Our program combines social interaction and free play with planned learning time that encourages developmentally appropriate learning. Our curriculum helps each child develop emotionally, spiritually, physically, and intellectually while building their self-confidence in safe, clean, and loving classrooms with low teacher/student ratios. Our two-year-old program allows children to start preschool without being potty trained. Our three-year-old program develops social and emotional skills. Our Pre-K program fully equips children for kindergarten.
The Preschool and Church offer two summer sessions for children aged 2 years-Kindergarten and 1st grade through 5th grade. Please contact us for information on our low rates and our summer dates.
Website
Facebook
Ages 2 years+
4700 Paradise Blvd. NW, Albuquerque, NM 87114
(505) 219-8799
Sunset Mesa School
Sunset Mesa School, a nonsectarian private school, provides instruction and learning opportunities for preschool, Pre-K, kindergarten, and elementary children through grade 5.
Sunset Mesa Preschool fosters early literacy, pre-writing, and fluidity in number sense through intentional activities and play designed to instill a love learning. Classrooms are staffed with highly qualified and experienced teachers proficient in early childhood development and education. Children enjoy a learning environment that is safe and designed to foster learning and social development.
Sunset Mesa Preschool offers parents a choice of Early Childhood and Montessori approaches to learning and we offer a variety of schedules including 2 full days, 3 full days, 5 half days, and 5 full days and a combination of 3 full days and 2 half days.
Website
Facebook
Ages 2.5+
2900 Morris St NE, Albuquerque, NM 87112
(505) 298-7626
La Esperanza Preschool
We provide early childhood education to children up to 5 years old and full-time childcare to school-age children.
La Esperanza CDC is a 5-star nationally accredited Spanish immersion & Christian education program. We provide high-quality care and well-planned and developmentally appropriate activities in a safe and healthy environment. We employ qualified professionals to provide that care and teach and use the most effective research-based curriculum in early childhood education.
Website
Facebook
Ages Infant+
5740 Night Whisper Rd, Albuquerque, NM 87114
1721 Wellspring Ave SE, Rio Rancho, NM 87124
Albuquerque: (505) 896-6764
Rio Rancho: (505) 891-2755
All Saints Preschool
For over 30 years, All Saints Lutheran Preschool has risen to meet the needs of families and our ever-changing community. We offer a structured, encouraging childcare environment, as well as a thoughtfully developed education curriculum. Our teachers are required to take continued education courses every year to stay current on the most up-to-date early education development practices.
We welcome, nurture, and love children of all faith backgrounds!
Come join our well-structured and supportive environment for all learning styles and activities.
Website
Ages Infant-PreK
4800 All Saints Rd. NW, Albuquerque, NM 87120
(505) 897-2144
Early Learning Preschool
Founded in 1983, Early Learning Preschool is a nonprofit parent cooperative serving Rio Rancho and West Albuquerque. We are committed to providing intellectually stimulating quality preschool and kindergarten readiness programs for children ages 3-5. Our education program encourages children through individualized curriculum to develop self-confidence by providing them an array of age-appropriate activities in which they will find success. Our educators introduce concepts and encourage mastery of those concepts by stimulating the child’s natural curiosity and creating a desire for the learning process through play and experiences.
Voted Best Preschool in Rio Rancho by Albuquerque the Magazine 2020 and Reader’s Choice Top 3 Award by Rio Rancho Observer 2020
Website
Facebook
Ages 3-5
2704 Southern Blvd SE # 10, Rio Rancho, NM 87124
(505) 892-5105
Cross of Hope
Cross of Hope’s preschool program is a weekday ministry of Cross of Hope Lutheran Church. The Preschool holds a Five Star quality rating operator’s license from the New Mexico’s Early Childhood Education and Care Department (ECECD). The preschool has successfully achieved accreditation through an International Christian organization.
The preschool provides a safe and loving community for children ages three and four years old. Child to staff ratio is an important aspect of the program. We meet and exceed state minimum standards in every class. Our Three’s Class ratio is 8:1 and our Four’s Class ratio is 9:1. Each one of our highly qualified and trained teachers is certified in both first aid and child CPR. In addition, each staff member completes hours of continuing education every year. The teachers strive to support children and families and provide a high-quality and engaging preschool experience.
Website
Facebook
Ages 3 & 4
6104 Taylor Ranch Rd. NW, Albuquerque, NM 87120
(505) 897-1832
Immanuel Lutheran School
Our Christian preschool ministers to all the needs of your child in a loving, safe environment. From 2 years old through 5 years, your child will benefit from social interactions with peers and with teachers holding degrees in early childhood. Mentor relationships with older students at ILS (K-8th grade) help to increase confidence with language development. Your child’s creativity is fed with arts and crafts, music, dress-up, and self-selected play.
Academics at Immanuel include thematic studies that are introduced with children’s literature and cover topics in math, science, social studies, and phonemic awareness. Spanish begins at 3 years old. Your child will work in centers, in small groups, and with the entire class as well. We also minister to your child’s soul using Bible stories, prayers, praise songs, and weekly chapel. At Immanuel, your child will be instructed by teachers who cherish your child. Call today!
Website
Facebook
Ages 2+
300 Gold Ave SE, Albuquerque, NM 87102
(505) 243-5665
Our Montessori School
Our Montessori school is a not-for-profit organization that provides an authentic Montessori education for infants/6 weeks through Kindergarten. We are a NM FOCUS 5-Star Accredited Program! We believe that during these early years each child’s gifts and abilities should be encouraged and supported to reach his/her maximum potential. Children will be introduced to individual as well as group lessons to encourage their learning through peer relationships and play. In addition to the Montessori curriculum, we provide lessons in art, Spanish, yoga, gardening, science, cooking, music, and sign language, creating a fulfilling experience for each child.
Website
Facebook
Ages Infant- 6 years
1111 Eubank Blvd NE Albuquerque, NM 87112
(505) 275-6111
Albuquerque Christian School
Founded in 1982, Albuquerque Christian school is the premier educational choice in Albuquerque for families seeking a Christ-centered community. Our student-focused environment is dedicated to academic excellence and the development of the whole person, guiding our students to become graduates that are committed to leadership and service through Jesus Christ.
As an ACSI accredited school, Albuquerque Christian School provides loving care and an exceptional education to children from preschool through eighth grade. We offer families full-time learning in person in Christ and adhere to strict Covid-19 safety protocols. We invite you to visit our school to tour our campus and facilities. We would love for you to meet our staff and students, as there is no better way to understand the culture of a school than to spend time with the people who bring it to life every day. We want you to get to know us!
Website
Facebook
Ages 3+
4931 McLeod Rd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87109
(505) 872-0777
YMCA of Central New Mexico
The YMCA has always focused on meeting the social, emotional and academic needs of our young learners so they can grow into the changemakers of tomorrow—and today is no different.
During these challenging times when routines seem to change daily, one thing remains the same: the Y provides a safe, enriching place for children to learn and grow, through essential child care for parents returning to work.
The Y’s early learning centers are staffed with people who understand the cognitive, physical and social development of children, the support parents/families need and the importance of maintaining a safe, clean environment for children to learn and thrive. At the Y, infants develop trust and security; preschoolers experience early literacy and learn about their world while being prepared for Kindergarten.
Opening available for: Infants: 6 weeks – 12 months
Toddlers: 1 & 2 year olds
New Mexico Pre-K: 3 & 4 Year olds (Free Program)
Website
Facebook
Ages 6 weeks- 4 years
201 University Blvd NE, Albuquerque NM, 87106
(505) 595-1515 option 3
1st Class Learning Center
We believe in our curriculum where each child develops according to age and capacity, having the freedom to develop physically, socially, emotionally, and intellectually without any pressure. We also believe children learn best when rules and limits are clear and consistent. Most importantly, we believe that children learn best by staff members who create an atmosphere that is loving, warm, caring and friendly by which all children feel accepted, safe, and a part of 1st Class Learning Center.
Mission Statement: “To provide a learning environment that is safe, enjoyable, interesting and peaceful for all children, their families and community.”
Website
Facebook
Ages 6 weeks +
5111 Homestead Circle NW, Albuquerque, New Mexico
(505) 898-5702
Christina Kent Early Childhood Center
Christina Kent Early Childhood Program is a non-profit, nationally accredited early care and education program. Our mission is to serve the children of economically diverse working families with quality child care, early education, and nutritional services. We have served the Albuquerque downtown area for over 100 years and are able to provide a sliding scale to assist with high child care costs.
We provide our families with a Reggio Emilia-inspired approach to curriculum. The Reggio Emilia approach is an educational philosophy focused on preschool and primary education. It is a pedagogy described as student-centered and constructivist that uses self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. Children learn best doing and choosing where they want to work during the day. This creates an intentional and thought-provoking classroom that challenges young learners. We offer free NM PreK as well.
Website
Facebook
Ages 2-5
423 3rd St SW, Albuquerque, NM 87102
(505) 242-0557
Calvary Preschool
Cavalry Preschool is an ECECD licensed 5-star rated preschool that is accredited by the Association of Christian Schools International.
Calvary Preschool staff strives to glorify God by providing an orderly, nurturing, and stimulating atmosphere for development as children begin to explore the world around them. Each child will grow mentally, physically, socially, and spiritually as they interact with a loving, caring group of adults and peers outside of their family. Our Preschool program includes guided exploration with toys and educational manipulatives that stimulate learning, music, physical education, peer interaction that stimulates social growth, and a creative, hands-on academic and Bible curriculum appropriate for each child’s spiritual and academic growth and development.
We serve three-year-old students to five-year-olds in our attractive, clean, and secure facility.
Upon graduation from preschool, students have the opportunity to continue on to Calvary Elementary.
For more information or to schedule a tour, please visit calvarychurchpreschool.com or call 505-338-0183. We would love for you to be part of our school family!
Website
Virtual Open House
Ages 3-5
4001 Osuna Road NE, Albuquerque, NM 87109
(505) 338-0183
St. John’s UMC Preschool Plus
Come join us at St. John’s UMC Preschool Plus!
We are a 5-star NAEYC Accredited, Faith based program. Our wonderful educators provide a high-quality preschool experience in a Christian environment that nurtures and support children and families.
We are excited to announce that we will open a new infant classroom! St. John’s Preschool Plus will be ready to serve families with children 6 weeks to 5 years of age, for the upcoming 2022/2023 school year.
Looking for summer fun? St. John’s has summer camps available this summer!
We have many programs to fit your family’s needs and would love to show you, our program.
Website
Ages 6 weeks – 5 years
2626 Arizona St NE, Albuquerque, NM 87110
(505) 883-0496
YDI Early Head Start
A better life begins with YDI Early Head Start, now enrolling children ages 6 weeks to 5 years, for free services in Bernalillo, Rio Arriba, and Taos counties.
YDI Head Start offers multi-cultural educational programs tailored to children’s needs, at home or in our 5-star accredited centers, by fully degreed teachers.
We provide medical, dental and health services, serve nutritious meals and offer classes and workshops for parents in all areas of child development.
Call today: 505-212-7239 or visit YDInm.org
Website
Facebook
Ages 6 weeks-5
Multiple Locations
(505) 212-7239
Additional Preschools & Childcare Options
Eastside Albuquerque
A Child’s Garden
ABC Preschool and Childcare
Albuquerque Christian School
Albuquerque Nursery School
All Seasons Day School
Alvarado Day School
Asbury United Methodist Church -PDO
Bluebird Daycare and Learning Center
Bright Minds Infant and Children’s Academy
Busy Bees Childcare
Calico Butterfly Preschool
Calvary Preschool
Caterpillar Clubhouse Daycare
Children’s Choice Preschool
Children’s Promise Center
Christ Lutheran
City of Albuquerque Child Development
Congregational Preschool
Coronado Children’s Center
Covenant Corner
Covenant Schools Del Norte
Discovery One Child Care
Early Childhood Center at Congregation Albert
East Gate Kids
Eastern Child Development Center
Eastern Hills Christian Academy
Elevation Children’s Center
Evangel Christian Academy
Heights Christian Preschool & Day Care
Hope Christian Preschool
Immanuel Lutheran Preschool
Jeanie’s Child Development Center
Jefferson Discovery Center
Kiddie Academy
Kid’s Castle
Kids Express (Hoffmantown)
Kids Under Construction
Kindercare
La Luz Early Childhood Center
Little Blessings Child Development Center
La Petite Academy
Lambs of Grace Preschool
Learning Tree Academy
Little Butterflies Preschool
Little Flower Learning Center
Miss Kelly’s Academy
Monte Vista Day Nursery School
Montessori ONE Academy
Mountain View Montessori
Noah’s Ark Children’s Center
Oak Grove Classical
Pando Little School
Peppermint Stick Preschool
Play to Learn Preschool
Salam Academy
Sandia Baptist Church
Sandia Montessori School
Sandia Presbyterian Preschool
Serendipity Day School
Southwest Child Care Early Learning Centers
SpringStone Montessori
St John’s Preschool Plus
St. Luke Preschool
St. Mark’s in the Valley Day School
St Paul’s Precious Possibilities
Stepping Stones Daycare and Learning Center
Steps Ahead Learning Center
Sunset Mesa School
UNM Children’s Campus
YMCA
Westside Albuquerque
1st Class Learning Center
ABC Preschool and Childcare
Albuquerque’s First Baptist Church PDO
All Angels Episcopal Day School
All Saints Lutheran Church Preschool
Building Bridges Child Development Center
City of Albuquerque Child Development Centers
Christina Kent Early Childhood Center
Cross of Hope Preschool
Escuela del Sol Montessori
Faith Kids
Kids Planet Child Development Center
Kindercare
La Esperanza Child Development Center
La Esquelita Learning Center
La Petite Academy
La Puerta De Los Ninos
Legacy Academy Preschool
Los Ninos Montessori
Magic Moments Child Care Center
Montessori of the Rio Grande Charter School
Manzano Day School
Mesa View Christian Preschool
Paradise Hills Community Preschool
Paradise Hills Methodist Church Preschool
Parkside Child Development Center – South
Shepherd of the Valley Preschool
SpringStone Montessori
St. Therese Catholic School
Teddy Bear Preschool
Western Heights Learning Center
Rio Rancho | Corrales
ABC Preschool and Childcare
The Children’s Corner
Cottonwood Montessori School (Corrales)
Covenant Schools Rio Rancho
Darling Tribes (Corrales)
Early Learning Preschool
Kidszone Preschool
La Esperanza Child Development Center
La Petite Academy
LEAP International Montessori School
Little Explorers
Memorable Moments
Rio Rancho Head Start
Shining Stars Preschool
SpringStone Montessori
St. Thomas Aquinas
East Mountains
Cibola House School
Count Your Blessings
First Steps Child Care
Holy Child Catholic School
The Learning Curve Child Development Center
Los Vecinos Head Start
Loving Arms Day Care Too
Moore Learning Center
Mountain View Head Start
Smarty Pants Preschool
Los Lunas | Belen | Bosque Farms
Auntie Nikki’s Daycare
Building Blocks Learning Center
Building Blocks Learning Center 2
Happy Hearts Child Development Center
Kids Korner Preschool
Little Angels Childcare Center
Little Learners
Midwest NMCAP
Peralta’s Playhouse
Pueblo of Isleta Head Start
Safe Site Educational Center
Sunshine Kids
Watch Me Grow Preschool
Placitas | Bernalillo
Bernalillo Head Start
Five Sandoval Indian Pueblos Head Start
La Petite Academy
Las Placitas Presbyterian Church-Mothers’ Day Out
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Brittany Espinoza
Brittany is a lifelong resident of New Mexico and has a passion for creating a thriving community, while supporting local businesses. She is married to her husband, Jason, and has three wonderfully wild children and a cute mutt name Tino.
Recently, her family moved to 4.5 acres in Sandia Park, where they enjoy hiking, watching the mountain wildlife, and hanging out at the Little League fields. In addition to being the sales director for ABQ Mom, Brittany also owns a government affairs and management consulting firm.
Table 5.3. Types of state and district requirements for kindergarten entrance and attendance, waivers and exemptions for kindergarten entrance, by state: 2018
Table Archive
Table 5.3. Types of state and district requirements for kindergarten entrance and attendance, waivers and exemptions for kindergarten entrance, by state: 2018
Click for the newest version of this table.
State
Compulsory school age
1
Kindergarten entrance age
State requires district to offer full-day kindergarten program
State requires district to offer half-day kindergarten program
State requires attendance
United States2
†
†
17
28
18
Alabama
6
5 on or before 9/01
Yes
No
No
Alaska
7
5 on or before 9/01
No
No
No
Arizona
6
5 before 9/01
No
Yes
No
Arkansas
5
5 on or before 8/01
Yes
No
Yes
California
6
5 on or before 9/01
No
Yes
No
Colorado
6 on or before 8/01
5 on or before 10/01
No
Yes
No
Connecticut
5
5 on or before 1/01
3
No
Yes
Yes
Delaware
5 on or before 8/31
5 on or before 8/31
Yes
No
Yes
District of Columbia
5 on or before 9/30
5 on or before 9/30
Yes
No
Yes
Florida
6 by 2/01
5 on or before 9/01
No
Yes
No
Georgia
6
5 by 9/01
No
Yes
No
Hawaii
5 on or before 7/31
5 on or before 7/31
Yes
No
Yes
Idaho
7 by first day of school
5 on or before 9/01
No
No
No
Illinois
6 on or before 9/01
5 on or before 9/01
Yes
4
Yes
4
No
Indiana
7
5 on 8/01
No
Yes
No
Iowa
6 by 9/15
5
5 by 9/15
No
Yes
†
Kansas
7
5 on or before 8/31
No
Yes
No
Kentucky
6 by 8/01
5 by 8/01
No
Yes
No
Louisiana
7
5 by 9/30
Yes
No
Yes
6
Maine
7
5 on or before 10/15
No
Yes
†
Maryland
5
5 by 9/01
Yes
No
Yes
Massachusetts
6
Local Education Agency (LEA) option
No
Yes
†
Michigan
6 by 12/01
5 by 9/01
No
No
No
Minnesota
7
5 on or before 9/01
7
No
No
No
Mississippi
6 on or before 9/01
5 on or before 9/01
Yes
No
†
Missouri
7
5 before 8/01
8
No
Yes
No
Montana
7 by the first day of school
5 on or before 9/10
Yes
4
Yes
4
No
Nebraska
6 by 1/01
5 on or before 7/31
No
Yes
No
Nevada
7
5 on or before 9/30
No
Yes
Yes
9
New Hampshire
6
†
No
No
No
New Jersey
6
LEA option
10
No
11
No
No
12
New Mexico
5 by 9/01
5 before 9/01
No
Yes
Yes
New York
6
LEA option
13
No
14
No
No
15
North Carolina
7
5 on or before 8/31
Yes
No
No
16
North Dakota
7
5 before 8/01
No
Yes
No
Ohio
6
LEA option
17
No
Yes
Yes
Oklahoma
5
5 on or before 9/01
Yes
No
Yes
Oregon
6
5 on or before 9/01
No
Yes
No
Pennsylvania
8
LEA option
18
No
No
No
Rhode Island
6 on or before 9/01
5 on or before 9/01
Yes
No
Yes
South Carolina
5 before 9/01
5 on or before 9/01
Yes
No
Yes
South Dakota
6
5 on or before 9/01
No
Yes
Yes
19
Tennessee
6
5 on or before 8/15
Yes
No
Yes
Texas
6
5 on or before 9/01
No
Yes
No
Utah
6
5 before 9/02
No
Yes
No
Vermont
6
5
20
No
Yes
No
Virginia
5 on or before 9/30
5 on or before 9/30
No
Yes
Yes
Washington
8
5 on or before 8/31
Yes
No
No
West Virginia
6 prior to 9/01
5 prior to 9/01
21
Yes
No
Yes
Wisconsin
6
5 on or before 9/01
22
No
Yes
Yes
23
Wyoming
7 on or before 9/15
5 on or before 9/15
No
Yes
24
†
† Not applicable.
1 Specific date at which compulsory age is reached is included only if specified in statute.
2 The total reflects the number of “Yes” responses in the column.
3 Children must be 5 years of age on or before January 1 of the current school year.
4 Districts must offer either full-day or half-day kindergarten.
5 Children enrolled in preschool programs (4 years of age on or before September 15) are considered to be of compulsory school attendance age.
6 Or otherwise satisfactorily pass an academic readiness screening upon enrollment in grade 1.
7 School boards may adopt an early admissions policy.
8 Metropolitan districts can establish a policy that a child must be 5 on or before any date between August 1 and October 1.
9 Or otherwise be assessed as prepared to enter grade 1.
10 Districts may admit children aged 4-5, and they must admit children aged 5-6. The cutoff date must be after October 1.
11 The Abbott districts are required to offer full-day kindergarten.
12 Children are required to attend full-day kindergarten in the Abbott districts.
13 Students must be between the ages of 4-6.
14 Districts are required to offer full-day kindergarten in Syracuse, New York City, Rochester, Utica, Buffalo, Cohoes, Watervliet, and Yonkers school districts.
15 Children are required to attend full-day kindergarten in Syracuse, New York City, Rochester, Utica, Buffalo, Cohoes, Watervliet, and Yonkers school districts.
16 The initial entry point into school is kindergarten, but a principal may override this for an exceptionally mature student and place the child in grade 1.
17 Districts may adopt a resolution establishing August 1 instead of September 30 as the required date by which students must have attained the specified age.
18 Students must be between the age of 4 and 6. Minimum age for kindergarten entrance is 4 years 7 months before the first day of the school year.
19 All children must attend kindergarten before age 7.
20 LEA may require students admitted to kindergarten to attain the age of 5 on or before August 31 and January 1.
21 In the 2018–19 school year districts must offer prekindergarten to all children who are age 4 before July 1.
22 Kindergarten entrance age is 5 on or before September 1 for 5-year-old kindergarten, or age 4 on or before September 1 for 4-year-old kindergarten.
23 Children must attend in districts that offer kindergarten.
24 School districts must establish and maintain relationships with a district that offers one full-day kindergarten.
SOURCE: Education Commission of the States, 50-State Comparison: State Kindergarten Through Third Grade Policies, retrieved June 6, 2018 from https://www. ecs.org/kindergarten-policies/. Data Source.
Table Archive
Early Head Start (EHS)/Head Start (HS)
Every child deserves the opportunity to succeed in life. And that learning process starts at an early age. 4C Head Start and Early Head Start programs promote school readiness and child development for eligible low-income families with children from birth to 5 years old. Early Head Start is open to children under 3 years old, while children 3 to 5 years old participate in Head Start. Head Start combines services such as education, early childhood development, health, nutrition, mental health, disability services, family support, and parental involvement with the goal of enhancing the child’s life and building a strong family unit. Through these services, Head Start empowers children with the confidence to excel in school and achieve self-sufficiency as adults.
Head Start is a federally funded program for low-income children and children with disabilities, with an emphasis on cognitive, social, emotional, physical and mental development for the child. Community Coordinated Care for Children, Inc. (4C) is the approved non-federal entity that provides Head Start services for Osceola and Seminole counties, and Early Head Start in Orange, Osceola, and Seminole counties.
CONTACT US
Orange County Early Head Start (under 3): 407-532-4365 Head Start (ages 3-5): 407-836-6590 (Services through Orange County Gov.)
Osceola County EHS and HS: 321-219-6201
Seminole County EHS and HS: 407-332-5090 (Longwood), 407-915-6510 (Sanford)
Program Goals
The overall goal of Head Start is to bring about a greater degree of social competence in children of low-income families. The child’s entire family, as well as the community, is involved to create a quality program and assist the child with school readiness. Here are the four main components:
Head Start
Present a variety of learning experiences to help children grow intellectually, socially, and emotionally.
Provide health services such as immunizations, dental, medical and mental health, as well as nutritional services and early identification of health problems.
Involve parents in the planning and implementation of activities. Parents serve on policy council and committees that make administrative decisions, participate in classes and workshops on child development, and volunteer in the program.
Provide outreach to families to determine what services they need.
Early Head Start
Provide safe and developmentally enriching care which promotes the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development of infants and toddlers, as well as prepares them for growth and development.
Support parents, both mothers, and fathers, in their role as primary caregivers and teachers of their children, and families in meeting personal goals and achieving self-sufficiency across a wide variety of domains.
Mobilize communities to provide the resources and environment necessary to ensure a comprehensive, integrated array of services and support for families.
Ensure the provision of high-quality responsive services to the family through the development of a trained and caring staff.
Policy Council
Policy Council is a parent’s way to get involved in the governance of the 4C Head Start program. Parents/guardians have a voice in major program decisions, including such things as recruitment and selection policies, personnel policies, budgets, and funding proposals. Every classroom elects a parent/guardian as a policy council representative and an alternate substitute representative. Meetings are held the fourth Wednesday of each month at the Orlando 4C office, 3500 W. Colonial Drive, starting at 6 p.m.
CONTACT US
Orange County Early Head Start (under 3): 407-532-4365 Head Start (ages 3-5): 407-836-6590 (Services through Orange County Gov.)
Osceola County EHS and HS: 321-219-6201
Seminole County EHS and HS: 407-332-5090 (Longwood), 407-915-6510 (Sanford)
Early Head Start Child Care Partnership
EHS-CCP is a partnership between Early Head Start and the School Readiness financial assistance program to offer high-quality child care with comprehensive services at limited child care sites to eligible parents who are working or attending school. Early Head Start will cover six hours at no cost to the parent, and the other four hours will be covered by School Readiness financial assistance with little cost to the parent. To participate in the program, a parent must be eligible for and be on the wait list for Early Head Start and School Readiness financial assistance. A parent must be working, attending school or a combination of both for at least 20 hours a week. A parent must be a resident of Orange County or Seminole County. Children must be between the ages of 6 weeks and 3 years old.
21 Important Things to Teach Your 2 Year Old
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At this age, children are like little sponges, picking up every bit of information about the world around them. The majority of things that your two year old learns will be through play and normal social interaction.
Everyday occurrences can provide numerous learning activities for your two year old. However, there are plenty of everyday skills and tasks that you can start teaching your toddler.
Being at home with two toddlers for awhile and just trying to make it to nap time, I realized that maybe I wasn’t teaching them enough. Between meal times, clean up, and just trying to prevent any bodily injuries, actual learning can seem to fall on the back burner.
This post may contain affiliate links which I would receive a small commission should you make a purchase.
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Two Year Olds Can Learn Through Play Activities
As a pediatric occupational therapist, I know that children can learn a significant amount of knowledge through their everyday play.
Toys and gadgets may be teaching them things like cause-and-effect, problem solving, and new language. They’ll also be developing key skills like hand-eye coordination and independence.
Both structured and unstructured play are important to develop these necessary skills. Most of what they learn, you won’t even realize that you’re teaching them!
However, if you’re not in the education field, you may be unsure of simple ways to teach your two year old or ways to incorporate new learning into everyday activities.
What You Can Teach Your Two Year Old
Below are a bunch of skills and concepts that you can help your 2-year-old to understand. Practice and exposure is the best way to develop new skills with your child.
Below is a list of learning activities for two year olds for the whole range up to 3. Not exclusively once they turn two.
Always remember that every child develops at their own pace so don’t worry too much if your child doesn’t know all of these concepts yet. This isn’t a list of what they should know at this point, but rather a guide to help you understand what they may be capable of learning at this age.
1. NEW WORDS AND CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH
Your 2-year-old should have gained a slew of new vocabulary words in the past year. Now they’re learning how to put these words together to form 2-3 word phrases, short sentences, and questions. Here are some of the common words, phrases, and concepts that your two year old may be able to say and understand:
Action words to help them communicate (more, go, come, want, up, down, etc. )
Manners (please, thank you)
Names of body parts
Animal sounds and names of animals
Names (their own first and last name, and names of family and friends)
Vehicles (cars, trucks, firetruck, airplane)
Household objects (names of certain food, utensils, furniture, clothing, etc that they use daily)
Colors and Shapes
Sizes (big, small, tall, short)
Directionwords (below, above, next to, on top, underneath, etc. although this may still develop more later)
Before they turn 3, they should have a pretty extensive vocabulary. If your child has several words, help them to group words together if they’re not doing so on their own. For example, if your child says “more,” repeat after them, “more Cheerios?” and have them repeat the two words together. If they say, “want water,” repeat after them, “I want water?” and have them repeat that as well.
Adding on words to their current vocabulary will help them speak in longer phrases and sentences.
If your child is not continuing to gain more words throughout the past few months, consult your pediatrician. Here are more tips to get your toddler to talk here.
2. READING BOOKS
At 2, your child should definitely get the concept of “reading” a book. Of course, they won’t actually be reading the words, but they will most likely grab a book and snuggle in the corner of the couch to flip through the pages.
Make sure they understand how to read the book from front cover to back cover and the right way to hold it. They will simply look at the pictures at this age, but as they get later in their 2’s, they’ll start to recognize that there are letters and words on the page that actually mean something.
When you are reading to them, be sure to use your finger to follow along with the words on the page so they start to associate the letters with what you’re saying. At this point, you can stop making up your own words or just describing the pictures on the page and actually read word-for-word. This way, your toddler will get the concept that a story is being told.
Have your toddler describe the pictures to you and you can even ask them questions about the pictures or the words that you just read. Questions like, “What color is the girl’s dress” or “Which one is bigger, the lion or the snail?” are appropriate at this age.
They’ll still benefit most from board books where they can easily turn the pages, but may start exploring books with thinner pages. Some favorite types of books around 2 years old are Lift-The-Flap Books, Touch-and-Feel Books, and Play-A-Sound Books.
They’ll love books with lots of pictures, their favorite characters and objects, or silly books. Check out my list of the Best Books for 2 Year Olds here.
Related Post: The Outstanding Benefits of Reading to Babies and Toddlers
3.
PROMOTE INDEPENDENCE
Your two-year-old is probably begging to do things on their own so give them these opportunities to learn, understand, and make mistakes (within limits, of course).
Of course they may not have perfected the skill yet, but the only way a child will learn these new skills is by doing it by themselves. You can help them to complete the task once they’ve already tried it on their own.
They should be increasing their independence in areas like:
Dressing: choosing their own clothes, taking on/off shirt/pants with help, underpants/pull-up with help, shoes, and socks, and even learning the right way to put on items (backwards or forwards)
Feeding: using utensils with some spills, choosing their meals and snacks, opening containers, drinking from a straw cup regularly, and practicing with an open cup with supervision. I love these OXO utensils for 2 year olds as they have a good gripper and can really pierce the food, but if your toddler wants to be even more like mom and dad, these ones are great toddler utensils also.
Brushing teeth and hair: Teach them how to brush back and forth on their own and using a cup to rinse. My toddlers LOVE using an electric toothbrush like this one, especially the ones with their favorite characters.
Cleaning up: wiping up messes, putting toys away, bringing dishes, cups, & utensils to the sink when done, throwing away their garbage, and using a handheld vacuum to clean
Hygeine: Blowing their nose, washing their hands, using a washcloth to wash themselves in the tub. Make washing hands and standing at the sink much easier by using stools and sink faucet extenders.
Transitions: Getting in and out of the car on their own, going up and down the stairs, ending one activity and moving to the next without complaining, turning on/off lights when entering/leaving the room
Be sure to model and show your childhood to do these skills the right way so that they don’t keep practicing something the wrong way.
4. PRETEND PLAY
Using their imagination opens up a world of fun and play for your toddler. This skill typically comes naturally as they copy and imitate what they see in the real world, in books, or on tv. They will use a combination of imagination and reality to copy the things they see daily, like these:
Cooking in a play kitchen with pots and pans
Hosting a tea party for their dolls and stuffed animals
Feeding, burping, and changing a baby doll with play spoons, bottles, and diapers
Talking on the phone with a play cell phone
Playing doctor with a doctor or nurses kit
Going shopping with a shopping cart and fake food
Driving a car
Sweeping, mopping, and vacuuming the floor
5. DRAWING AND COLORING
These are great fine motor learning activities for 2-year-olds. At this point, they should have moved past scribbling and be able to make some intentional marks on the paper, includinga straight line down, straight line across, and maybe even attempt a circle. Of course, these may not be perfect, but they should get the concept of making intentional marks.
They’ll love coloring pictures, but getting them used to making marks will help improve their drawing and writing down the road. Print out pictures of their favorite characters or get a coloring book from their favorite tv show.
Also, you can draw or print out pages with letters so they can trace and get familiar with the alphabet.
I highly suggest these finger crayons for the young ones. They are perfect for little hands and promote a good grasp when holding the crayons.
If you’ve already started using markers, you have probably discovered that toddlers and markers aren’t a good match (unless you want a mural on your wall), so these Crayola Mess-Free Coloring Sheets are my absolute favorites!
The markers come out clear if they are used on any other surface besides the paper. On these special sheets, they’ll turn a color so your toddler sees the masterpiece that they are creating. They have so many characters available so I’m sure you can find a pack that your child will love.
6. NUMBERS AND COUNTING
Your 2 year old may be able to count to 10 (with some errors at times) from memory and maybe even higher with more practice. They can also work on recognizing and identifying those numbers and counting objects.
You can practice counting with so many different, everyday objects:
count each step while you’re walking up the stairs
count the number of French fries on their dinner plate
count the number of toys in their bin
Numbers are everywhere so be sure that they are counting whenever they can.
The concept of one-to-one correspondence (one object is one number) comes later, but many toddlers can get the idea early on. Just show them how to point to each object as they count it and correct them if they start saying 2 numbers as they count one object or skip over objects when counting.
Related Post: 19 Activities to Introduce Counting to Your Toddler
7. LETTERS AND SOUNDS
Your child may already know many of the letters of the alphabet. They may be able to recite the ABC’s from memory (with some errors and help as needed). Now you can work on recognizing letters, as well as the sounds they make.
When talking about a letter, for example M: say M says mmm for mom. Always have them repeat you to etch it into their memory.
Be sure to have your child look at both uppercase and lowercase letters when learning. Most children are taught all of the uppercase letters first, however, the lowers case letters are the ones that they will see more often when they read or see words.
These name puzzles from Bloom Owl are a great way to get your child learning the letters of their name. They’ll love playing with the puzzle as they start to recognize the letters they see all the time.
By far my favorite resource for having your child learning letters and letter sounds is the Leap Frog shows on Netflix. They include Letter Factory, Phonics Farm, and more. If you have Netflix you can access these shows! My 20 month year old was reciting all of the letter sounds because he loves this show so much!
Related Post: Sticker Activity for Learning Letters
8. BUILDING
Building helps to improve your child’s hand-eye coordination and spatial awareness. They’ll be able to use their imagination and creativity to create masterpieces and then knock them all down when they’re done.
This Melissa & Doug Alphabet block set is great for small hands to stack. Two year olds also love Mega Blocks as they are perfect for stacking, putting together, and taking apart. My kids are obsessed with Magnetic Tiles and Bristle Blocks for building too.
These toys and learning activities for two year olds encourage imaginative play and let them problem solve and investigate the world around them. Tell them to build a robot, a tall building, or a table. They’ll love trying to come up with ways to make these items.
9. PUZZLES
Puzzles are a great activity for fine and visual motor skills (hand-eye coordination). Having to fit a piece into it’s correct spot by turning and manipulating it is great for visual-spatial awareness.
Your 2 year old may still enjoy doing inset puzzles with knobs or pegs, which allow them to easily match shapes and items and fit the pieces in a spot. If they seem to have moved past simple inset puzzles, they may be ready to start with interlocking puzzles.
If you want to try out some more complicated interlocking puzzles try these to start. Also the name puzzles mentioned above are great to also enhance letter learning at the same time.
10. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND GETTING OUTSIDE
Two-year-olds are known to be pretty wild so you probably won’t need much coaxing to get them active. However, make sure they’re getting plenty of physical activity to learn new gross motor skills. These include:
Jumping
Running
Climbing
Pedaling a tricycle or ride-on toy
Throwing/catching/kicking a ball
The best way to get them active is to give them lots of outdoor time. Take them to playgrounds to climb on the equipment as they offer so many opportunities for enriching gross motor skills. Take them for a walk and point out all the sights you see.
11. MUSIC, DANCE, AND RHYTHM
Children love rhythm and music so get them singing, dancing, and exploring their bodies with music. Put on music for them to dance to, sing along to their favorite songs with a microphone, or make their own music with toy instruments like maracas, xylophone, tamborine, etc.
You can also make musical ‘instruments’ with so many household objects, like shaking pill bottles, banging wooden spoons, or filling plastic Easter eggs or water bottles with uncooked beans or rice.
Songs are also the best way for little ones to learn and memorize new concepts. Therefore, you can sing songs like the ABCs, head, shoulders, knees, and toes, or Old McDonald to learn letters, body parts, and farm animals, respectively.
12. POTTY TRAINING
Around 2 is the typical age that most parents decide to start potty training. Between 2 and 3, many children will be fully capable of using the toilet.
You can start gradually by introducing the potty and have them sit on it during different periods of the day when you know that they usually go.
Be sure to wait until they’re ready and don’t force it on them. You can start slow and steady with gently potty training to get them familiar or dive all in on a 3-day potty training binge.
Here are some great tips on potty training your toddler here.
13. SENSE OF TIME
This is something that may not come until closer to 3 and of course your two year old will not be able to tell time. However you can still teach them a basic sense of how much time is remaining or when time is over.
For example, when you say “5 more minutes left to play until dinner time” or “go brush your teeth in 1 minute,” They still won’t have a true sense of how long these increments of time are, but you can try to make them aware that 1 minute is quick, compared to 10 minutes or 20 minutes.
Before they fully have a sense of time, try setting an audio or visual timer when you need to show them when time is up. For example, when you say clean up in 5 more minutes, set a timer for 5 minutes to ring when it’s time.
We love the Time to Wake clocks for my toddlers. They let them know when it’s time to call for mom or get out of bed by simply turning a different color when it’s almost time to get up or when they should leave their room.
This is a great visual way for them to “see” and understand time.
14. SAFETY
Of course, safety is a crucial lesson to teach your child. This is the age where they will probably have no fear or understanding of dangerous situations. The following practices need to be taught and don’t just come naturally to your little one:
not running away in public
not running out into a parking lot
stranger danger
staying close to mom or dad
being cautious when crossing streets
holding hands when in public or outside
sun safety: applying sunscreen, wearing hats
Speaking of safety for your little ones, the Whystle App is a great resource for all parents to have that tracks all safety information that’s important to your family. This includes product recalls for toys, food, and more that could promote dangers into your home. Download this app free on your phone and then there’s a free trial for the subscription so you never miss an important safety warning.
15. MANNERS AND RESPECT FOR OTHERS
Understanding how to properly treat others is a valuable trait to instill in your child. This goes for respecting both adults and other children. It’s important to teach your children how to use polite words and actions to show manners.
At this age, they are starting to test their boundaries and explore new ways of getting what they want. Instill rules for respecting others even through times of frustration.
Saying excuse me when needing someone to move or get their attention
Patiently waiting for a parent to finish talking to another parent before chiming in
Saying please and thank you shows consideration and appreciation
Making eye contact when speaking to others
Apologizing when you do something wrong
Share their toys or items that belong to them
No pushing, hitting, biting, or pulling hair to hurt others in any way
16. STAYING HEALTHY: GOOD HYGIENE AND EATING WELL
Teaching your child to practice good hygiene and healthy eating is great to start young. Build-in their hygiene routine throughout the day and they will become accustomed to this regimen. Eating healthy foods early on to set them off for a healthy diet for the rest of their life. These include:
eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and proteins. Avoid: processed foods, unhealthy snacks, and sweets
washing hands after meals and potty
brushing teeth morning and night
bathing daily
keeping their clothes and body clean while they eat or play
covering their mouth when they sneeze or cough
blowing their nose into a tissue
wiping their own privates after going potty
Complying with:
brushing and combing hair
cutting fingernails and toenails
cleaning inside ears with a child safety q-tip
Related Post: How to Get Your Picky Toddler to Try New Foods
17. ACTING APPROPRIATELY IN PUBLIC AND UNDERSTANDING “NO”
Toddlers are very ego-centric (only care about themselves). It’s totally normal for them to only think about how things will affect them. This almost always leads to inappropriate behaviors as they learn what behaviors get them what they want.
Don’t always give in to every cry and teach them that sometimes they can’t get everything that they want. Don’t always give them the cookie that they’re begging for or the new toy at the store. If they must get the object that they desire, make them earn it.
Teach your 2-year-old how to act appropriately to avoid tantrums in public. Try putting rules in place when you are out so they know what is expected of them. Always have a way to redirect or distract them when you see a tantrum starting (using something else they are interested in). Lastly, just avoid situations that could set them off.
This is a great article about Tips for Cry-Free Shopping with Your Toddler
18. HAVING A ROUTINE
Your child probably already has some routine in place throughout their day. However, you want to ensure that they are consistently doing what is asked of them so that they could even do it on their own if needed. The more structure that your child has in their day, the more they will start to understand time and a daily schedule.
I love using a routine or responsibility chart (like the blue/green one on the right) so my toddler can have a visual cue of everything that is expected of her. Use one with pictures instead of just words, (like this Mickey Mouse chart), so your toddler actually understands what it’s for.
Here are some examples of day-to-day routines that you can create a specific pattern for:
Bedtime: Brush teeth, go potty, wash hands, put pajamas on, read a story, go to sleep
Morning: Go potty, wash hands, brush teeth, get dressed, eat breakfast
Before naptime
Pre-dinner wind-down time
Cleaning time
Related Post: WhyYour Child Needs a Daily Routine and How to Make One
19.
STAYING ON TASK
A toddler has a very limited attention span (unless of course, they’re watching their favorite television show). It’s only reasonable to ask them to focus on a task for around 4-6 minutes at this age. However, it is important for them to be aware that once they start a task they should finish it to completion.
My daughter loves to grab a puzzle and put in 3 pieces and walk away or sit down and read 2 pages and then walk away.
The goal of teaching your child to stay on task is to complete what they start. Here are some tips:
While playing with your child, make sure that they complete the entire activity, ie. puzzle or read through the whole book, before they get up and run around.
If they’re coloring or building a tower, keep them engaged in that one activity for as long as possible before you let them move on to the next.
During mealtimes make sure they remain seated and finish their meal before getting up and playing.
Make sure they clean up one activity before moving on to the next
20. BEING A HELPER
Little kids LOVE to help grown-ups. They want to do everything that you’re doing because they’re starting to gain this growing confidence and independence. Invite them to perform tasks that they may not be able to do independently, but that they can help you with.
Get the mail
Take the trash out
Refill the toilet paper roll dispenser
Help with cooking: mixing, adding ingredients
Carrying in bags or groceries
Fill the dog bowl
Entertain a younger sibling
21. TECHNOLOGY
Technology or screen time should be limited for toddlers to 1 hour a day, but it is important for your child to learn how to use these devices. The fine motor skill of swiping, clicking, and sliding to nagivate through tablets and smart phones are something that your 2 year old can easily learn.
Ipad educational games like ABC Mouse are great to sharpen a lot of the educational skills listen above, as well as practice using a tablet or smart phone. My toddler loves ABC Mouse because of the wide variety of games and fun. She’s learning how to trace letters, numbers, make new sounds and words, etc. They’re giving a FREE 30-day trial now so sign up while you can!
Leapfrog Laptop is also a fun interactive computer that toddlers can easily use and learn on.
Most of these skills can be accomplished at some point while a child is two (24-35 months old), but every child develops at their own pace. This article is not intended to skew your mind into thinking that your child MUST know these concepts.
However, if you are looking for learning activities to do with your child, ways to engage their mind, or knowledge to teach them, these are some great tips. Your child is NOT behind if they can’t adequately do all of these things, but if you are concerned, please speak to your pediatrician.
Have fun teaching your two-year-old and enjoy watching them blossom this year. They’ll be growing and developing before your eyes so don’t blink! Here are some more great learning activity ideas to do with your 2 year old.
Related posts:
2 Year Old Development Activities
Discover fun 2 year old development activities! From educational to outdoor to craft activities, get a list of ideas to do with your toddler.
I’m not your typical crafty mom.
I don’t stock sensory bins or organize trays of card stock at home. I also don’t like how many toddler activities seemed to focus on the parents’ crafting skills, not necessarily the child’s.
And I’m more interested in child-directed learning, not the “final product.” It’s not so much about creating a beautiful item as it is about allowing kids to be curious and ask questions.
Still, even as a non-crafty mom, I wanted to provide my kids with 2 year old development activities that encouraged their desire to learn and explore. After all, toddlers still have the same curiosity as when they were infants, but with the ability to do more complex tasks.
Fun 2 year old development activities
Perhaps you can relate.
You’re more than willing to teach cognitive skills—you just need to do so in simple ways. You’d rather use regular materials in your home and find simple activities to fit into your tight schedule. And you’re looking for things to do that your 2 year old would learn in preschool that will stimulate her brain.
You’ve come to the right place.
Below, I’ve listed the best activities I’ve done with my kids when they were that age. I divided them into five categories for a total of 30 activities (which makes for a fun month-long challenge!). These activities are bound to keep your toddler busy and engaged.
That said, I purposefully kept these activities realistic to do as well. You won’t need to buy science kits or craft supplies galore. If you do decide to buy anything, you’re more than likely going to use the materials over and over.
And these activities are simple. We’re all busy, and we know 2 year olds don’t exactly sit still for hours at a time. They can definitely go at their own pace.
Hopefully, you’ll find them useful. As one parent said:
“I don’t even comment on blogs. But my toddler is going through the only wanting daddy phase and I’m trying to introduce new activities that we can do together during our quality time and this has really helped. I just wanted to say thank you for putting these ideas and resources together!” -Kaitlin
Table of Contents
Craft activities for 2 year olds
1. Play dough
Roll play dough into balls and count them one by one as you place them into a pile. Roll them into long strings and spell the letters of your child’s name. Encourage fine motor skills by allowing her pinch bits and pieces off of a large ball of play doh.
(Check out these Montessori fine motor activities for more ideas. )
2. Fractions with paper
Disclosure: This article contains affiliate links, which means I will earn a commission—at no extra cost to you—if you make a purchase.
Grab a sheet of paper, cut it in half, and explain how the two pieces make up the whole paper. Then, cut those two pieces in half, making quarters. Keep going, making eighths.
After each round of cutting, assemble the paper so your child can see how all the pieces form the original sheet. You can also get these pizza fraction toys to make it even more fun.
3. Matching game
Using card stock or index cards, write two sets of the letters of the alphabet and have your child match them together. Start with a few at a time to avoid overwhelming her with all 26. Either way, keep the letters all the same color so she understands that she’s matching the letters by shape, not color.
4. Glue by color
Cut tiny pieces of colored paper—for instance, blue, red, yellow, and green. Then, on separate sheets of paper, draw two circles per sheet using different-colored crayons. One sheet will have a blue circle and a red circle, while another has a yellow and a green one.
Finally, have your child glue the cut-up pieces into the matching-colored circles (green bits into the green circle, for instance).
5. Color mixing
Using the three primary colors, show your child how to mix and match to make new colors. A few to try include:
red + blue = purple
yellow + blue = green
red + yellow = orange
6. Counting with dot markers
Have your child practice numbers with dot markers. Print two sheets of paper in landscape format, with the numbers 1-10 along the side. Show her how to color the appropriate number of dots next to each letter, counting along with her.
FREE printables: Make these activities even easier with these ready-made printables! You’ll get a set to play the matching game, sheets to glue by color, printables to count with dot markers, and samples of my workbook, Letters and Numbers.
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Educational activities for 2 year olds
7. Sort items by color
Find a set of similar items and sort them by color. A few ideas include building blocks, magnets, cars—anything you’ve stored in a box! Then, make different piles or lay out empty bowls, one for each color.
Discover even more activities to do with 2 year olds.
8. Count everything
Play a game of counting everything. Count toys like building blocks and pom poms, or snacks like crackers and carrots. Use any opportunity to count. Climbing a set of stairs? Count the steps you take. Pushing her on a swing? Count each time you give her a push.
Check out these Montessori activities for 1-2 year olds.
9. Cut paper strips by size
Play a game of sorting by size, using 10 pieces of paper strips, ranging from one to 10 inches long. For instance, you’ll have one piece that’s one-inch long, then another that’s two inches long, and so forth.
Once you have all 10 pieces, shuffle them on the ground and encourage your child to arrange them in order, from smallest (one-inch) to largest (10-inch).
10. Sink or float
Gather a few household materials or toys and experiment to see which ones sink or float. You can do this during bath time, or pour water into a large container, like a bowl, water table, or kiddie pool. Find water-safe items with varying weights so your child can see different results.
Tip: After your water play, you can use the water for your plants!
11. Letters in the tub
My kids played with a set of foam pieces of the alphabet, which they used to learn even more about letters and numbers. I’d also show them simple words to spell, or how certain letters come together to form their names.
12. Trace and write letters and numbers
Worksheets like those in my Letters and Numbers workbook are another fun way to introduce your child to the alphabet. Start with large letters and encourage him to “trace” with his fingers, before moving on to smaller letters to trace with a pencil or crayon.
Outdoor activities for 2 year olds
13. Nature scavenger hunt
Make a list of items your child will likely find outdoors and help her collect her findings. A few ideas include leaves, twigs, rocks, pebbles, or flowers. Bring a bag to store the items, and cross the item off your list once you’ve found what you were looking for.
To make this game even easier, task her with finding just one type of item during your nature walk. For instance, my son loved finding baby pine cones, which our local park had plenty of. We’d simply make a pile of pine cones on the base of a tree until we found nearly all of them.
14. Collect and compare leaves
Collect a variety of leaves outdoors, lay your findings in a row, and talk about how each leaf looks and feels. You might talk about the different textures, colors, or shapes, and describe why some are soft and green while others are brown and crinkly. This will help build your child’s vocabulary!
15. Plant a seed
Plant a seed and watch it grow over the next few days and weeks. Depending on the weather, you can start the seeds in small containers indoors, or sow them directly into the ground outside. And stick to large seeds like sunflowers or green beans—these are easier to hold and grow quickly.
16. Bucket of ice
At a children’s birthday party at a friend’s home, the kids were intrigued with nothing more than a simple bucket of ice. They had found an empty water cooler with only ice and water, grabbing pieces of ice and moving them to the grass to watch it melt.
You can do something similar by placing a few ice cubes in a bowl and heading outdoors. Allow your child to grab the ice cubes and place them on the ground. Talk about the differences between how it melts on the grass versus the hot concrete.
17. Mud play
Find a spot in your backyard or park and pour water into the soil. You can even bring kitchen play items or old kitchen tools you no longer use so your child can do pretend play with the mud.
18. Sidewalk chalk
Grab sidewalk chalk and head to your sidewalk or park. Draw pictures, write words, and practice coloring in shapes. Sidewalk chalk lets her be creative, in a way that’s different from the crayons and pencils she probably uses often.
Practical activities for 2 year olds
19. Sweep into a square
Encourage your child to do chores with simple sweeping! Using painter’s tape (we have a bunch of these at home), make a square on your kitchen floor. Then, with a child-size broom, have her sweep all the dirt from the rest of the floor into that square.
20. Pouring
Place a bowl and a measuring cup filled with water on a baking sheet. (I like this Oxo one because it’s lightweight with a rubber grip for easy handling. ) Then, have your child pour water from the measuring cup into the bowl.
Using two measuring cups, she can pour the water into one measuring cup, going back and forth easily. She can also pour small items like dry rice, beans, or sand.
21. Basting with water
With liquid droppers for kids like these, show your child how to collect water by pinching the baster and dipping the end into a bowl of water.
Then have her open her fingers, drawing water into the baster. And finally, she can press the baster once more, releasing the water into another bowl. This is a fantastic way to develop fine-motor skills as well.
22. Tweezing puffs
With kitchen tongs (or tweezers for kids like these), have your child collect cotton or puff balls from one bowl to another.
If you use different-colored puff balls, you can also have her sort them by color or number. For instance, all the blues in one pile, or make a pile of one, then two, then three, and so forth.
23. Sorting laundry
As much as we dread laundry, you have to admit, it can make for easy 2 year old development activities. For instance, have your child sort laundry by type—from shirts to pants—or sort by color. She can also match socks or set aside household laundry like napkins and rags.
24. Water plants
Kids love watering plants! Use a simple watering can like this to help your child learn how to water both indoor and outdoor plants. You might even make this part of her weekly chores, something she can do every Saturday morning, for instance.
Places to go with 2 year olds
25. Children’s museums
Nearly every major city has a children’s museum your child will love. I prefer these types of museums because they invite hands-on participation (so I don’t have to holler “Don’t touch!” all the time). In Los Angeles, I love going to Kidspace, California Science Center, Discovery Cube, and Skirball’s Noah Ark.
Check out more things to do in Los Angeles with kids.
26. Libraries
Many libraries include activities for kids, from story time to magic shows to arts and crafts. Grab calendars from your local libraries so you can attend events specifically for toddlers. Plus, going to the library encourages you and your family to make regular trips to borrow and read books at home.
27. Nature walks
Explore a new trail or nature walk with your child! You might check out a local hike, the lagoon, or forests in your area. Bring a magnifying glass so she can observe curious finds along the way.
28. Sandbox or beach
Playing with sand either at the beach or in a sandbox at your local park can make for many fun 2 year old development activities. Bring sand toys and encourage your child to build, experiment with water, and learn through sensory play.
29. Botanical gardens
I love taking my kids to botanical gardens because they invite so much exploration. The trees and plants are wilder than more polished gardens, and they include streams and even animals like lizards, fish, and turtles.
In Los Angeles, my favorites are the UCLA Botanical Garden and the South Coast Botanic Garden.
30. Aquariums
Discover the ocean and marine world by visiting your local aquarium! Your child will have an up-close opportunity to meet many of the animals who live in water, while learning about ways to care for the environment.
Conclusion
As you can see, 2 year old development activities don’t need to be complicated or take too much time. You also don’t need to be the next Martha Stewart or produce finished crafts to offer your child a learning experience.
Instead, you now have at your hands a compilation of creative activities to start. She can play with mud or mix primary colors, and learn about sizes with paper strips or water volume with measuring cups. And most important, she’ll develop a love of learning, especially with these stress-free and fun activities.
You can teach activities to your busy toddler, even with limited time and materials, or a lack of any crafty inclinations whatsoever.
Get more tips:
4 Easy Ideas to Nurture Your Child’s Creativity
How to Raise Kids Who Love to Learn
Preschool Pros and Cons: Should You Send Your Child to Preschool?
How to Create a Math Rich Environment at Home
How to Encourage Your Child to Keep Learning in the Summer
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where to send a child to become a superman in Moscow
Schools of early development: where to send a child to become a superman in Moscow
Musical development with the project “Together with Mom”
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Mental arithmetic at AMAKids
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BrightFamily Baby Yoga
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Unusual concerts in the Peter and Paul Cathedral. 12+
Jazz, medieval and classical music on the organ.
Concerts in September
School “Ballet from 2 years old”
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It is possible to develop in an atmosphere of art, to form grace and a beautiful posture from an early age. The international network of schools “Ballet from 2 years old” makes professional ballet accessible and exciting even for kids.
Bratislavskaya st. , 18, bldg. one, Pavshinsky Boulevard, 24, Novoyasenevsky pr., 9, Reutov, Yubileiny pr-t, 57, Novy shopping center, st. Pervomaiskaya, 42, bldg. four, st. Dubninskaya, 36, st. Shirokaya, 30
Sign up for a free trial lesson
European Gymnastics Center
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The Center invites children from 1 year old, teenagers and adults to exciting gymnastics and acrobatics in an educational format. Come with any level of training and achieve results with pleasure!
st. Luzhniki, 24, building 4, st. Tolbukhina, d. 10, building 1, Aminevskoe sh., 6, MFC Kvartal WEST, st. Kulakova, d. 20, building 1, st. Zoya and Alexandra Kosmodemyanskikh, 23, RC “Rassvet”, st. Vorotynskaya, 18, shopping center “Ship”, Leningradsky Prospekt, 37B, shopping center “Start”, st. Uglichskaya, 12, st. Shirokaya, 30, Mytishchi, st. Mira, p. 32/2 , shopping center 4Daily, st. Bolshaya Cherkizovskaya, 125, p. four, Balashikha, Nosovikhinskoe sh. , vl. 4, TC “Nikolsky Park”, Lyubertsy, Oktyabrsky pr-t, 112, Vykhodnoy shopping center, st. Porechnaya, 10, shopping center MARi, Kashirskoye sh., 61 G, shopping center “Kashirskaya Plaza”, Rossoshansky pr-d, 3, shopping center “Prague”, st. Kakhovka, d. 29A, shopping center Prime Plaza, st. Polyany, 8, shopping center “ViVa”, Podolsk, st. Komsomolskaya, 24, SEC “Quartz”, Troitsk, st. Police Colonel Kurochkin, 8, Leninsky Prospekt, 123 V, shopping center “Galeon”, Michurinsky Prospekt, Olimpiyskaya village, 4, building 1, Trade House “Lux”
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Montessori City
The pedagogical system of Maria Montessori needs no introduction. Having quickly won the love of parents and educators, it spread throughout Europe. This program comprehensively develops the child, focusing, first of all, on independence. In total, there are 3 clubs in the network, they are the main venues of the Russian Montessori Institute. Each center has a unique learning environment for children from 6 months to 16 years of age. Details on the website.
st. Dekabristov, 27 (head office)
Montessori Center “Beautiful Green”
Beautiful Green is another center that follows the ideas of Maria Montessori. For babies from 8 months to 3 years old, there are developing nurseries, an older child can go to a local kindergarten, and children under 9years – to attend school based on the club. In addition to standard lessons and classes in a Montessori environment, the schedule includes classes in yoga, vocals, publishing and financial literacy. Read more here.
st. Petrozavodskaya, 15, bldg. 5 st. Lavochkina, 34
Waldorf Kindergarten and School “Way of Grain”
The Waldorf education system is not as well known in Russia as Montessori, but it also deserves attention. This program is aimed primarily at laying a healthy emotional foundation. To mature and harmoniously enter into life they also help in the Waldorf center “The Way of the Grain”. For the little ones, the Zernyshko studio operates here, where children study together with their parents. There is also a special developing class for special children. You can get acquainted with the life of students and their educators by looking at the official website.
st. Miklukho-Maklaya, 20A
Developing center “Club Pochemuchek”
Children from 1 to 7 years old attend the training center “Club Pochemuchek”, and kids under 3 years old attend the club with their parents. In the form of a game, comprehensive classes are held here aimed at the comprehensive development of the child and preparation for school. Schedule and cost here.
Simferopol Boulevard, 19, bldg. 1
Children’s Early Development Center “Little Prince”
Real professionals work with children at the Little Prince Center — candidates of pedagogical sciences, film actors, members of international Unions of Artists, world champions and candidates for master of sports. Toddlers and older children are engaged in fitness and karate, chess, choreography, learn English and German, play in the theater, pay attention to the study of science. The club works with children from 1 to 14 years old. If you are interested, look for detailed information here.
It is known that people who speak two or more languages cope with stress more easily, act more effectively in difficult situations, think more flexibly and be open to the world. Do you want to raise a bilingual child? In the kindergarten “School of Cooperation” children are immersed in the English-speaking environment from the age of 2. 5. Learn more about working methods on the site.
trans. Maly Poluyaroslavsky, 1
Studio of early musical development “Mozart-effect”
Children play, sing, create and dance to live classical music in Mozart Effect. Performers of the capital’s orchestras are invited to the classes. The beneficial effect of instrumental classics has been known for a long time, so if your child is between 1.5 and 7 years old, pay attention to this studio.
trans. Bolshoi Nikolopeskovskiy, 11
School-studio of chess Alexandra Kosteniuk
Playing chess contributes to the development of all forms of thinking, trains attention, memory, perseverance, teaches you to make decisions and see cause and effect relationships. The Alexandra Kosteniuk Chess Studio School is one of the few studios that take on teaching very young children. Kids who have just turned 3 years old study here. More details on the website.
st. Bakuninskaya, 17/28 Gogolevsky boulevard, 14, building 1
Centers for early swimming “Water World”
Swimming is fun for babies and older children alike. The crumbs are in the pool with mom or dad, and this helps to establish close emotional contact between the baby and parents. Education takes place with games, songs and fun. Classes give kids a good mood and healthy sleep after training. Early swimming centers “Vodny Mir” work with children from two months. Schedule and prices on the website.
Kuryanovsky 1st pr-d, 17, building 1
Children’s sports and health club “Semitsvetik”
In the club “Semitsvetik” kids are taught to swim from the age of 1.5 months. It has been observed that young swimmers begin to crawl and walk earlier. Classes are held both in a group and individually. In addition, you can call the instructor to your place to work out in your home pool or in the bath. Find more information here.
st. Samora Mashela, d. 6, bldg. 4 Khimki, st. Chkalova, 4A
Baby Yoga at BrightFamily
Pair yoga, like early swimming, helps to establish a deep trusting relationship between mother and child. Another of the undoubted advantages of baby yoga is the alignment of muscle tone in a baby, the development of motor skills, and improved sleep. Well, for young mothers, exercises will help to recover faster after childbirth. More information about the benefits of training, as well as schedules and prices, can be found on the BrightFamily Club website.
trans. Staromonetny, 18
Mental arithmetic at AMAKids
At the AMAKids Development Academy, five-year-olds don’t just learn how to solve problems mentally. Mental arithmetic teaches to think logically, to be attentive, develops memory and gives self-confidence. The organizers promise that after a couple of months of classes, a seven-year-old child will be able to simultaneously count in his mind and read poetry aloud. Read more.
Ave. Andropova, 38
Musical development with the project “Together with Mom”
The project “Together with Mom” is theatrical interactive performances, classical music concerts, musical fairy tales, classes in the “mother + baby from birth” format and others, one way or another related to music. You can come to classes with babies from 1 month old. Schedule of future concerts on the website.
trans. Krivokolenny, 5/4
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Experts told how to help a child adapt to a new school – RIA Novosti, 17.
08.2020
Experts told how to help a child adapt to a new school
It is better to transfer a child to a new school with the beginning of the school year, and so that he does not experience stress, you should prepare him in advance, introduce him to the new conditions… RIA Novosti, 08/17/2020
MOSCOW, August 17 – RIA Novosti. It is better to transfer a child to a new school with the beginning of the school year, and so that he does not experience stress, you should prepare him in advance, introduce him to the new conditions and select a teacher based on the procedure adopted in the family, experts interviewed by RIA Novosti told experts. Experts agree that before transferring a child to another school, you need to weigh the pros and cons and decide how serious the reasons for the transfer are and whether it is worth doing. According to the children’s ombudsman of Moscow, Olga Yaroslavskaya, the school should be as close to home as possible so that the child has an extra-curricular life and company. When to change school Neuropsychologist, child psychologist of the highest category in any case, it will be stressful for a student, regardless of his age. the best option would be to transfer after the end of the school year, in addition, the child needs to be prepared for this in advance. “The best option would be to warn the child in advance that he will have to change schools so that he can finish the school year, say goodbye to his team, get used to this idea, and go to a new school from the new academic year,” Punina says. How to help a child Informing will help the level of the child’s fear of a change of scenery. According to her, it is better, if possible, to come to school with the child before the official transition, to show it to him. Also, according to the psychologist, the presence of familiar children in the new school will be a favorable factor. “Such factors will reduce situational anxiety in connection with the transition than when a child is simply thrown into complete obscurity,” Punina explained. In turn, the children’s ombudsman Yaroslavskaya believes that it is very important to build contact with a new teacher, especially in elementary school. psychologist Punina noted that after transferring to a new class, for some time you need to carefully monitor the child’s condition, because he will not always be able to admit the existence of some problems in a new place. For example, a child may suddenly start to get sick more often, or he will start to have headaches when he does his homework, or bouts of pain in the abdomen, especially if control tests are coming. “That is, if a child’s somatic status changes dramatically, this is an occasion to take a closer look at the situation, to think whether this is specifically related to desire / unwillingness to go to school. You need to pay attention to how he talks about teachers, how he talks about whether he has made new friends sya. That is, it can be seen from a small child, he will not hide it, but will show it either in words or bodily symptoms, “says Punina. With older children, everything depends on the degree of trust and warmth of contact with parents, says the psychologist.
Federal State Unitary Enterprise MIA “Russia Today”
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Society, Moscow, Olga Yaroslavskaya, social navigator
Society, Moscow, Olga Yaroslavskaya, SN_Obrazovanie, Social Navigator
17 MOSKVA
aug – RIA Novosti. It is better to transfer a child to a new school with the beginning of the school year, and so that he does not experience stress, you should prepare him in advance, introduce him to the new conditions and select a teacher based on the order adopted in the family, experts interviewed by RIA Novosti told.
Experts agree that before transferring a child to another school, you need to weigh the pros and cons and decide how serious the reasons for the transfer are and whether it is worth doing. According to Moscow Children’s Ombudsman Olga Yaroslavskaya, the school should be as close to home as possible so that the child has an extra-curricular life and company.
August 14, 2020, 15:23 Coronavirus spread
Public events banned in Russian schools until the end of 2020
“To understand how to act when transferring a child to another school, you need to know why you are changing school. In my opinion, the best school is the one located in the yard. Because only in the yard school will a child have a full childhood with friends “When you take a child to another quarter or district, the child’s leisure time will be held outside his school company, outside of those interesting events that usually take place after school. And in the class he will be perceived as a stranger who only studies here. Therefore, you need to times before changing schools,” the Ombudsman said.
When to change school
Neuropsychologist, child psychologist of the highest category Yulia Punina notes that it is not worth rushing to make a decision about transfer, because the transfer to another school will in any case be stressful for a student, regardless of his age.
“At any age, a child, changing one condition for another, experiences adaptive stress. This will affect his well-being and many other things, because this is a change of team, it is possible to lose friends who were in a previous school, a change of adults , which begin to surround him, this is a new adjustment to the team in which he needs to take a certain role. Suppose, in the previous class, the child occupied leadership positions, was a local star, and moving to another school, he will have to assert himself again.This can cause certain difficulties “, – says Punina.
August 16, 2020, 09:58
Everything worked out. Sobyanin told how schools will prevent outbreaks of COVID
“If we make the transition in the middle of the school year, then this is the most unfavorable option. This can only be done if it is justified by some serious reason, for example, the fact that the child experienced bullying in the previous school. If we are not talking about such things, but about a child who normally existed in his team, then in the middle of the school year, transfer to another school and a change in conditions may be an indirect reason that the child’s performance may deteriorate, because all his adaptive resources will be thrown into getting used to new conditions, to build relationships,” says Punina.
According to her, the best option would be to transfer after the end of the school year, and besides, the child needs to be prepared for this in advance.
“The best option would be to warn the child in advance that he will have to change schools so that he can finish the school year, say goodbye to his team, get used to this idea, and go to a new school from the new school year,” says Punina.
August 14, 2020, 14:13
“Other methods”. Onishchenko is sure that it is important to find a replacement for masks in schools0009
How to help a child
As the psychologist Punina notes, informing will help reduce the level of a child’s fear of a change of scenery.
“If we are talking about the fact that any transition is a provocateur of anxiety, it’s about the unknown, then informing helps with any anxiety. The more the child knows about the new conditions, the easier the transfer process will be,” Punina believes.
According to her, it is better if possible to come to school with the child before the official transition, to show it to him. Also, according to the psychologist, the presence of familiar children in the new school will be a favorable factor. “Such factors will reduce situational anxiety in connection with the transition than when a child is simply thrown into complete uncertainty,” Punina explained.
In her turn, Children’s Ombudsman Yaroslavskaya believes that it is very important to build contact with a new teacher, especially in elementary school.
August 13, 2020, 17:15
Schools will be able to receive subsidies for hot meals
if the family has a gentle attitude towards the child and the regime, then a gentle person is needed, if the regime is observed in the family, you are a demanding parent, an appropriate teacher will do. spoiled the child, and now you want to call for order, then someone will do it for you. If you want an organized son or daughter, be like that yourself, “Yaroslavskaya believes.
Signs of difficulties
As psychologist Punina noted, after transfer to a new class, for some time you need to carefully monitor the child’s condition, because he will not always be able to admit the existence of some problems in a new place.
“Children can give out manifestations of emotional difficulties in different ways. First of all, attention should be paid to the general background of mood: in what state the child comes from school, and in what mood he leaves. Because small children, if there are any problems , sometimes they will say that they do not want to go to school, and sometimes they give out bodily symptoms, and this happens most often, “Punina says.
For example, a child may suddenly get sick more often, or have headaches when doing homework, or bouts of abdominal pain, especially if control tests are coming up.
“That is, if a child’s somatic status changes drastically, this is a reason to look at the situation, to think whether this is specifically related to the desire / unwillingness to go to school. You need to pay attention to how he speaks about teachers, how he talks about whether he has new friends. That is, it can be seen from a small child, he will not hide this, but will show it either in words or with bodily symptoms, “says Punina.
August 17, 2020, 03:15
In Russia, it was proposed to give families of first graders a separate day off
With older children, everything depends on the degree of trust and warmth of contact with parents, says the psychologist.
“If there is no confidential contact, then a teenager may react with a manifestation of isolation, his isolation may increase, unwillingness to tell anything. And this unwillingness to be in a particular place will be reflected in academic performance, he will lose any motivation to do anything in the curriculum. It is worth paying attention to such things and reaching a trusting level of communication in order to clarify the situation and connect in time so as not to bring the situation to some critical moments,” says Punina.
How do I know if my child needs it? » Teremok-Union – the development of children from 1 to 11 early development for children
When my son was one and a half years old, the doctors confirmed that he had a congenital intolerance to animal protein. In other words, he could not eat meat in any form. This did not prevent the child from developing healthy. But I began to suspect that an ordinary kindergarten, as they say, “does not shine” for him. And I was not mistaken.
A story in which you can easily recognize yourself
The kid grew up at home, in the company of a working mother, a working father and a working grandmother. As far as possible, we walked with him, played, drew. To be honest, it didn’t work out too well for me.
First of all, I really didn’t have enough time. After all, every mother, even without leaving for work, will find something to do. Washing, cleaning, breakfasts, lunches, watering flowers, chatting on the phone . ..
Secondly, I was bored almost all the time . Every time I forced myself. The child had to spend hours sculpting sand balls, walking around the playground from swing to swing, picking chestnuts on an industrial scale. And I wanted to go home, coffee and a laptop.
I am a good mother, and valerian is now produced in abundance, so there were no scandals. But more and more often, cartoons replaced various entertainments.
In bad weather, the child could sit in front of the TV for several hours a day.
Most of the experiments ended in a pedagogical fiasco. The loudest failure happened with drawing. I spent a week studying articles about the benefits of finger creativity. For two more days I picked up recipes to save money and make eco-friendly paints from improvised means. Another day I went around the shops in search of natural dyes, because they are sold in bulk only before Easter.
Jumpout OP 2-3
Then, when it was all over, I washed the kitchen, the furniture and the painter for an hour and a half.
Want to know how it went? Fast. The child drew two lines with his finger on the sheet, and then simply turned all four jars of paint over onto himself.
Gradually, I also lost faith in other advanced techniques. The son threw semolina for drawing, rubbed the plasticine into the polish, felt-tip pens dried up without caps, quietly praying for indulgence from under the sofa.
Things weren’t going well with my studies either. At 2.5 years old, the child managed with three dozen words, half of which he invented himself. I didn’t want to hear stories. He did not allow himself to sing categorically.
He also became extremely attached to his mother. Without me, he did not agree to stay even for a minute. With difficulty he went to visit, he could stand on the landing for 20 minutes, embarrassed to go into the apartment to friends or relatives.
On the playground, he did not communicate with other children, he simply did not know how to do it. He did not know how to share toys and make acquaintances. He did not understand what they wanted from him if a joint construction of a castle or mass loading of dump trucks was started in the sandbox.
When I said abstract things, such as “Share” or “Play with this boy”, my son did not understand their meaning. Because there was no way to show by example.
And then I decided that it was time to change something. So, when my child was about three years old, I thought about what an early development school is.
What the school of early development provides for our children
Of course, everything did not work out right away. After all, my baby was not the most sociable child in the world. But bright toys, smiling teachers, funny tasks captivated him from the first lessons. We spent a whole hour together playing, listening to music, singing, dancing. We were not distracted by the phone, the computer, the soup was not cooked on the stove.
A few weeks later, my son began to ask for a developmental program. And I realized that I also look forward to these classes with pleasure. And finally it dawned on me how much we missed this experience with him!
Enclosed in the monotonous surroundings of our house, we both needed new acquaintances and studies. I was getting used to how it is to be a mother of a two-year-old, my son tried to explore the world around him with pleasure.
This is the first and most important thing your child will learn at the center child development TEREMOK-UNION — enjoy the learning process!
In my mother’s opinion, it is not so important at what age the child learns letters and numbers. Creative activity, the development of fine motor skills and the harmonious upbringing of interest in the new in the baby, this is what lays the foundations for future successful learning. The corporate program of the school of early development in Teremka is based on these principles.
Are you sure that you can give him the same thing on your own, with home lessons and classes?
I couldn’t.
5 reasons why early development school is better than kindergarten
Reason 1. Rich infrastructure.
No one has so many toys at home, including educational toys, devices, sports equipment, musical instruments, construction kits, books, devices for applied arts. Add here a room equipped according to the Montessori method, a trampoline and a labyrinth. Children play with everything they can reach, and they are only praised for it!
At first, my son’s eyes widened from machines and robots that he could play with and practice at the same time.
Reason 2. Experienced teachers.
Each of my attempts to work with a child ended in our quarrel. It was sad and categorically did not suit either of us. But the next time history repeated itself.
Finally, I found articles on the Internet that our situation is quite typical. The reason is that your child perceives the parent in a certain role and does not understand when we stop being a mother and become a teacher. These are different worlds!
You can and should argue with your mother, express your opinion, learn to insist on your own in order to show that you are independent and mature. For children 2-3 years old, this is normal behavior.
The teacher should be listened to unquestioningly. Mom as a teacher is a bad idea, especially if this is your initiative, and the child himself did not plan to study. As a result, conflict and spoiled mood.
Educators who meet children in the development room love their job. They know how to find an approach to each kid.
The child is immediately ready for listening to this teacher. He agrees to do what is asked, and even tries to be noticed and praised.
Reason 3. Social circle .
When there are discussions about the best age to start early childhood development, it is important to take into account the environment in which your child grows up. It’s one thing if he has older brothers and sisters, peers with whom he regularly plays. It is completely different if at two, three, four years old the baby is still closed on mom, dad, nanny or grandmother.
Communication with other people is a powerful source of new experience, and the sooner we discover it, the better .
Do not think that only children lack experience. Every mother is ready to communicate with others about children, their habits, nutrition, illness and study. At the early development school, children under three years of age study with their parents. There are approximately 8 people in the group. This means that you have 8 experienced advisers and interlocutors who are just as interested in knowing how to treat a sore throat, cover up applesauce and choose winter overalls, just like you.
You will be happy to know that your problems are not unique and that you are doing a great job with them.
Reason 4. Time to be with the child and only with him .
For my son and me, not only the classes in Teremka, but also the way there and back became a pleasant ritual. We devoted this time to each other. We went to our favorite toy store “just to look”. We played different games along the way, talked.
For the little ones on the road, you can organize the game “Name what you see” or “What color is it?”. Older children will like to name objects with one letter, guess words or compose rhymes to them.
Similar tasks are used in the school of early development: the child sees an object and must say what it is, come up with a story or describe a picture on a given topic. All this perfectly develops speech, enriches vocabulary, helps the baby quickly navigate among phenomena and objects.
It has been noticed that the more a son or daughter learns, the more he becomes interested in something new. Thus knowledge gives rise to new knowledge.
Reason 5. Modern methods adapted for early development children of any age .
If you are not an educator, you will not have the time or experience to learn everything that is considered useful for early childhood development today. You may simply not know what to look for, what to pay attention to. We’ll have to act blindly, “at random.”
Unfortunately, no parent can avoid mistakes along the way. Here is an article that describes only the most common ones.
For example, I was “working ahead of the curve” all the time. And when my son didn’t want to draw at the age of 1, at a year and a half he didn’t want to build from blocks, at two he wasn’t interested in children’s karaoke, I concluded: “He doesn’t like it! We’re removing it.”
And never returned to the subject. In fact, much of what I unsuccessfully tried to introduce the child to was premature. I’m not a professional…
It’s a completely different matter if you send your child to an early development school. The corporate program is designed for a specific age. It has been tested on more than one group and is guaranteed to give the expected result.
Everything is scientifically based, from the duration of the classes to the game aids. A lot of time is devoted to creativity and physical activity, because this is the basis for the healthy development of children at preschool age.
Why is an early development school better than a kindergarten?
She is not better, she is different! There are many situations when a child cannot attend kindergarten. He is not yet mature, he does not perceive the regime well, he does not know how to solve “toilet issues”, he often gets sick. The list goes on and on.
What to do in this case? Sitting within four walls? Or is it still better to take the child somewhere instead of the garden?
Let’s not deprive the kid of so many entertainments!
There are more games, exciting activities, competitions, relay races, performances, holidays, excursions and themed parties at the Teremok-Union Early Development School in Kharkiv than I could have imagined until I brought my son there.
During the year of regular classes, your baby will learn a lot of new and interesting things, make friends, celebrate his birthday for the first time in a big company of children and animators.
Each lesson is a new creative experiment that develops taste, imagination, fine motor skills, and at the same time accompanies learning. Do not believe that drawing and modeling will help you learn to read? Read about this great article.
In a year you will be able to transfer your child to the next course, and so gradually, attending his favorite developmental school, he will receive pre-school education of the highest level. Any lyceum of the city will be open in front of you.
Choosing a developer: what to look for?
Now that we have found out what an early development school is and how old it is to enroll there, I will tell you how to look for a developmental program. The choice in Kharkiv today is large, and this is good, as competition raises the quality of services.
Tip #1. Feel free to ask the administration about everything in the world.
It’s better to spend a little more time, but find out for sure everything you need:
where classes are held, what is the temperature and humidity in the rooms in different seasons;
what kind of training the teachers have, education and experience;
what methods the training program is based on. There are schools of development that work only on the theory of Montessori, Glenn Doman, the Waldorf methodology, and complex author’s programs. There are specialized speech correction centers, sports, dance, art schools for early development. Choose what you need depending on the interests of your child;
how the classes are held, how many kids are in the group, how much time is allotted for sports and outdoor games.
Ask for a tour of the study rooms, and it’s best if you come with your child. Watch his reaction. Children’s perception is not distorted by conventions, so if a son or daughter likes it in a development game, this is a good sign!
Tip #2. Choose a school that is convenient for you to get to.
Ideally, if it is within walking distance. You can combine the road with a walk in the fresh air, have time to chat with your child, discuss your and his news.
Tip #3. Take advantage of trial lessons at early development school Teremok-Union.
This is the perfect opportunity to see how the classes are going, meet the teachers and see how your little one will enjoy it!
Anna Khodakovskaya
mother of two wonderful sons, actress of the Star Pearls theater, blogger
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We became partners of the All-Russian festival of cartoon concerts “Soyuzmultfilm”
We have great news! We became partners of the All-Russian
festival of cartoon concerts “Soyuzmultfilm”.
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Lyceum for kids – Leader
“Lyceum for Toddlers” is an educational and developmental complex for children from one and a half years old to school, where an atmosphere of joy, curiosity and knowledge is created in a cozy home environment.
Our advantages
Small groups
Unique Elite Education Program
Simulation of an individual program according to a convenient schedule
Family environment
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1. How long has the Lyceum existed?
Lyceum for kids 15 years old. Over the years, we have become a family where they wait, love, understand, teach and create the most comfortable environment for the development of the child.
3. How many children are in one group?
We conduct training in small groups of up to 8 people with an individual approach to scheduling the child.
2. What is the peculiarity of the program of the Lyceum?
We offer educational sets, depending on the interests of the child and the request of the parents. We have part-time groups with children staying from 3 to 5 hours. Depending on employment and family plans, the child can attend the Lyceum 1, 2 or 3 times a week.
The educational set includes a basic intellectual development course, fitness or choreography classes, an art workshop, a music lesson, sand animation, English, as well as lunch and a walk.
5. Is it safe for a small child to stay on the territory of the Lyceum?
Lyceum is located in a detached modern mansion. The safety of children is ensured by the presence of an alarm button, a fire alarm system, access control via a video intercom. The territory of the Lyceum has a stone fence 2.5 m high and outdoor lighting around the perimeter.
7. What measures are taken to keep the child healthy?
We comply with all the requirements of SanPiN, we take the necessary measures to reduce the risk of spreading infections: all rooms are treated with disinfectants daily, closed-type recirculators MEGIDEZ are used for air disinfection, and temperature control is organized. On the territory of the Lyceum there is a closed-type playground where physical education classes, walks and outdoor games are held.
4. What learning outcomes can be expected?
Educational activities are carried out according to the unique author’s program “Six Steps to School”, developed taking into account all the requirements for the upbringing, development and education of a preschooler. It provides a high level of successful development of primary school educational programs. Our graduates show excellent results.
6. Where is the lyceum for kids located?
Lyceum is located in a separate modern mansion at the address: st. Mira, 460/2. Convenient transportation makes it easy to get to us from any part of the city.
Summer playground “Merry Planet”
from 3.5 – 8 years old
Interesting learning, creative entertainment, new friends, games, fruits and a happy me!
Mom and baby
Step one – from 1.5 to 2 years
Child-parent relationship training “Cooperation”, speech development course “Logorhythmics for child prodigies”, socialization in the studio “Igrolochka”. Joint classes for adults and children. Read more
Step two – 2 to 3 years
Psychological training “Independence”, speech development course “Logorhythmics for child prodigies”, socialization in the studio “Igrolochka”. Gradual withdrawal of adults from the group. Read more
Intellectual development and socialization
Third step – from 3 to 4 years old – training for the development of intelligence “Golden Beads”, training for the development of speech “Logorhythmics”, training for learning to play together “Player”, training for physical development “Ladder”. A pedagogue-psychologist works with the group Read more
Fourth step – from 4 to 5 years – training for the development of intelligence “Seekers”, special course “The World Around Me”, training for learning to play together “Player”, training for physical development “Ladder”. A teacher-psychologist works with the group. Read more
Preparing for school
Step five – two years before school – educational and developmental course “I get knowledge”, a special course on the formation of reading skills “Reading with passion”, plot-role-playing games in the studio “Igrolochka”, physical development training “Ladder”. A teacher and a psychologist work with the group. Read more
Sixth step – a year before school – educational and developmental course “Soon to school”, special course “Funny arithmetic”, training to improve reading efficiency and physical development training “Ladder”. The participation of children in the regional Olympiad “On the Road of Knowledge” and psychological monitoring of the assessment of school readiness are envisaged. More
Artistic Development
Art Workshop Program – from 3 years to 2nd grade school
Courses aimed at the formation and development of a child’s artistic taste and creative skills. For the little ones, the study of primary colors, work with a palette and derivative colors is provided. For younger students – designing from paper and natural materials, drawing, modeling and appliqué.
Vytvoryashki – 3-4 years old, DIY Miracles – 4-5 years old, City of Masters – 5-6 years old, Dreamers – 6-7 years old, Art Workshop No. 1 – Grade 1, Art Workshop №2 – Grade 2
Physical development
The program is aimed at the general physical development of the child, improving coordination, orientation in space, strength endurance, sense of rhythm, flexibility, dexterity; strengthening the muscles of the back and limbs and teaching proper breathing.
Toddler Fitness – 3 to 5 years old: a complex of group sports activities with elements of gymnastics, aerobics, choreography, yoga. Read more
“Choreography in outdoor games” – from 5 to 7 years: ground gymnastics, elements of choreography and improvisation. Read more
Mental arithmetic
Program “Mental arithmetic” – age 5-7 years
Mental arithmetic is an original system for developing intellectual abilities and teaching mental counting. Mental arithmetic is a high-speed way to perform mental arithmetic. The working tool is a special abacus – an abacus. Exercises on the abacus develop fine motor skills, attention, memory, harmonize the work of the cerebral hemispheres.
Addition and subtraction. Start 1
Addition and subtraction. Start 2
English
Program “English” – age 5-7 years
The peculiarity of teaching English to preschoolers is that it is not just sitting at the table and leafing through books and notebooks. The course for preschoolers was created specifically for children 4-6 years old and is conducted in a playful way. In children, involuntary memorization prevails, which is why a game, a song or a comic book is the learning process.
General course – 4-6 years: Starting level, Starting level +
Summer playground “Merry Planet”.
The program is aimed at high-quality, properly organized summer educational and developmental leisure for children.
Age 4-5.5 years . Courses “Vytvoryashki”, “My world”, “Fitness for kids”.
Age 5.5-7 years . Courses “Amazing nearby”, “Preschool development”, “Art workshop”, “Choreography in outdoor games”, “Logorhythmics”
Age 7-9 years old . Courses “Prevention of violations of written speech”, “Calligraphy”, “City of Masters”, “Choreography in outdoor games”.
Find out more
Calligraphy
Calligraphy is not just beautiful handwriting! The child develops thinking, memory, dexterity, coordination, attentiveness, fine motor skills. Children remember letters better when they write them. Such an effect is not given either by working on the keyboard, or by following the forms of letters with the eyes. Read more
The art of sand animation
The child joins the game with sand with his whole being – emotionally, mentally, physically. This creates favorable conditions for the manifestation in children of concentration, curiosity, enthusiasm, as well as for relaxation. Mental and emotional reserves are activated, which is expressed in physical forms created by hands. Read more
Speech therapist
Speech therapist is a specialist who detects speech disorders and corrects them. The work of a speech therapist is necessarily complex. He studies the causes, mechanisms, symptoms, course, structure of speech disorders and selects a system of corrective action in each case individually. Read more
After-school group
Not all children have unemployed grandparents or parents who can look after the child after school. If you want your child to spend his free time in an interesting and useful way, and you were calm for him during the day – you are welcome to us! Read more
Children will have a rest and spend time with benefit. Depending on age, we will be engaged in: complex development in a Montessori environment, reading and mental arithmetic, literate writing and calligraphy.
Theme weeks, workshops, outdoor games, art workshop, choreography in outdoor games, trips to the park and museums. And of course, delicious breakfasts, lunches and afternoon snacks.
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from 7 to 10 years old
Center for Social and Psychological Assistance to Families and Children Ulyanovsk Regional Family Resource Institute
Center for Social and Psychological Assistance to Families and Children Ulyanovsk Regional Family Resource Institute
Complex developmental classes
from 1 to 7 years old
Hummingbird, early childhood development club
Hummingbird, early childhood development club and 1 more place
Krokha
group for children with parents
for 1 year
Center for Social and Psychological Assistance to Family and Children Ulyanovsk Regional Resource Institute for Family
Center for Social and Psychological Assistance to Family and Children Ulyanovsk Regional Resource Institute for Family
Recruitment in progress
Preparation for school
from 4 years
Smart, regional cultural and educational center
2nd lane Mira, 26
learn more
Online and offline
Speed Reading
Abacus, Intellectual Development Center
st. Krasnoarmeiskaya, 13, bldg. 2
49, Leninskogo Komsomol ave.
from 1 year
Smart, regional cultural and educational center
2nd lane Mira, 26
learn more
ABC Reader
Abacus, intellectual development center
st. Krasnoarmeiskaya, 13, bldg. 2
learn more
Extended day group
Bright School, group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Bright School, group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Individual speech therapy classes
3 to 7 years old
Small School
Small School
Speech Therapist
Victoria Child Development Center
Victoria Child Development Center
Preparing for School
4 to 7 years old
Victoria Child Development Center
Victoria Child Development Center
Child Development Course
3 to 7 years old
Bright School, group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Dreamers
creative association
Impulse, youth club
Impulse, youth club
Preschool children
developmental school
9
9
from 5 to 7 years
Regional Palace of Children and Youth Creativity
Regional Palace of Children and Youth Creativity
Preparing for school
Fox cub, kids club
Fox cub, kids club
Chess
from 4 years old
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Mom + baby
from 1 to 3 years
Fox cub, children’s club
Fox cub, children’s club
Mathematics. Preparing for the OGE in mathematics
Grade 2-7
Dialogue, a network of foreign language schools
Dialogue, a network of foreign language schools and 6 more places
Baby Academy
from 6 to 9 years old
Regional Palace of Children and Youth Creativity
Regional Palace of Children and Youth Creativity
Preparation for school
5 to 7 years old
Dialogue, a network of foreign language schools
Dialog, a network of foreign language schools and in 6 other locations
Mother and baby
1.5 to 3 years old
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages languages
Bright School, Language School Group
3 Hour Mini Garden
Fox Cub, Kids Club
Fox Cub, Kids Club
Speech Therapist
Bright School, Language School Group
Bright School, Bright School, group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Psychologist consultation
from 3 to 10 years
Small school
Small school
Speech pathologist
Miracle children, child development center
Miracle children, child development center
Mini-garden
from 3 to 7 years
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Speech therapist consultation
from 3 to 7 years old
Small school
Small school
Mini-kindergarten for children from 4 to 6. 5 years old
4 to 6 years old
Apple Tree Preschool, private kindergarten
Apple Tree Preschool, private kindergarten
Integrated development
3 to 5 years old
Fox cub, kids club
Fox cub, kids club
Colored hands
painting studio
from 4 years old
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Educational activities
from 1 to 7 years old
Miracle children, child development center
Miracle children, child development center
Mini kindergarten
from 1 to 4 years
Mary Poppins, mini-kindergarten
Mary Poppins, mini-kindergarten
Self-education
from 9 years old
Free Spirit School
Free Spirit School
Preparation for school
Speech therapist and I, speech correction center
Speech therapist and I, speech correction center
Teaching to play the synthesizer and violin
Belcanto, vocal school for children and adults
Belcanto, vocal school for children and adults
Sewing lessons
from 7 to 18 years old
Image, fashion theater
Image, fashion theater
Stars
complex developmental classes
2 to 3 years old
Baby-Star Early Development Center
Baby-Star Early Development Center
Speech Psychologist
from 2 years old
Pure stream, speech development center
Pure stream, speech development center
Mini-garden
Happy Kids, early development center
Happy Kids, early development center
Umnichki
comprehensive educational classes
3 to 4 years old
Baby-Star Early Development Center
Baby-Star Early Development Center
Excellence Students
Preschool Group
5 to 6 years old
Baby-Star Early Development Center
Baby-Star Early Development Center
The Art of Photography
12 to 17 years old
Kids&Ideas, school for young journalists
Kids&Ideas, school for young journalists
Mini-garden with English slope
from 2 to 3 years
Family Club
Family Club
Online and offline
Pochemuchki
complex developmental classes
from 3 to 5 years
Extension, children’s development club
Extension, children’s development club
Art therapy for children and women
from 5 years old
Your place, art space
Your place, art space
Short stay group for children
from 3 to 12 years old
Kaleidoscope, family center for creativity, development and leisure
Kaleidoscope, family center for creativity, development and leisure
Primary school grades 1-4
from 6 to 10 years old
Dialogue, family school
Dialogue, family school
Online and offline
Development of memory and reading speed
Primary school course
from 7 to 10 years old
Seven Kids, intelligence development center
Seven Kids, intelligence development center and 2 more places
Vocal
12 to 17 years old
Sound Generation73, Design Lab
Sound Generation73, Design Lab
English
Group Lessons
Cloud 9Studio, English language studio
Cloud 9 Studio, English language studio
Early musical development
mum+baby
from 1 to 3 years old
Your place, art space
Your place, art space
Dance school
Bureau of children’s affairs, educational space
Bureau of children’s affairs, educational space
Lego extension
7 to 10 years
LegoDom, children’s development center
LegoDom, children’s development center
Dive into the object
Dialog, family school
Dialogue, family school
Bass guitar
MUZETT, music workshop
MUZETT, music workshop
MUZETT, music workshop
vocal school for children and adults and adults
Belcanto, vocal school for children and adults
Mental arithmetic by SmartyKids
from 4 to 12 years old
unique – Smartykids, developing mental arithmetic center
unique – Smartykids, Developing Mental Arithmetic Center
Mental Arithmetic
Wunderkind SmArtykids, Mental Arithmetic Center 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 menths, Center of Mentual, Center for Mental Mental drums
for children and adults
Not School of Drums
Not School of Drums
ArtSaturday
KidsArt, creative studio
KidsArt, creative studio
Preschool
with Montessori course
3 to 7 years old
Pink School, Early Childhood Development Center
Pink School, Early Childhood Development Center and 7 more locations
Bright Skills
School for the development of universal skills and abilities for adolescents
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Bright School, a group of schools for the study of foreign languages
Mini kindergarten
from 3 years
Lingua +, language development center
Lingua +, language development center
Online and offline
School preparation
from 5 to 7 years
Extension, children’s development club
Extension, children’s development club
Children’s choreography
from 3 to 5 years
Serebro, dance school
Serebro, dance school
Choreography
7 to 18 years old
Obraz, fashion theater
Obraz, fashion theater
Early development school
1 to 3 years old
Pink School, early childhood development center
Pink School, early childhood development center and 7 other locations
Mini-garden
Krasnoarmeiskaya, private kindergarten
Krasnoarmeyskaya, private kindergarten
Mathematics
Leo, child development center
Leo, child development center
Lego-nanny
from 1 to 6 years old
LegoDom, children’s development center
LegoDom, children’s development center
Comprehensive preparation for school
for children from 5 and 6 years old
from 5 years old
Lingua +, language development center
Lingua +, language development center
Mini-garden
Miracle children, child development center
Miracle children, child development center
Happy 9 early development center
Happy Kids, early development center
Choreography
12 to 17 years old
Sound Generation73, Design Lab
Sound Generation73, Design Lab
Mini-kindergarten
Rechetsvetik, early development school
Rechetsvetik, early development school
Online and offline
Kinder school
preschool education
from 5 to 6 years old
Seven Kids, intelligence development center
Seven Kids, intelligence development center and 2 more places
Workshops for children and adults
Development Resource Center
Resource Development Center
Online and offline
Individual consultations of a logoped
Literal, Children’s Development Club
Oblast, Children’s Development Club
Rast Reading
Wunderkind SmArtykids, Mental Arithmetic Center
Vunderkinds 9000 Classes with a defectologist. Psychologist.
autism, ADHD, mental retardation
Speech therapist and I, speech correction center
Speech therapist and I, speech correction center
Online and offline
Mental arithmetic
from 4 years old
Seven Kids, intelligence development center
Seven Kids, intelligence development center and 2 more places
Preparing for the OGE and EGE
Cloud 9 Studio, English language studio
Cloud 9 Studio, English language studio
fashion design
from 7 to 18 years old
Obraz, theater of fashion
Image, fashion theater
Preparation for school
from 4 years old
Chisty ruchey, speech development center
Chisty ruchey, speech development center
Early development school
Speech therapist and I, speech correction center
Speech therapist and I, speech correction center
Periodicals
9 to 13 years old
Kids&Ideas, school for young journalists
Kids&Ideas, school for young journalists
Zero class
5 to 7 years old
Dialogue, family school
Dialogue, family school
Online and offline
Teaching reading
Seven Kids, intelligence development center
Seven Kids, intelligence development center and 2 more locations
Speed Reading
from 5 to 12 years old
UNIQUM — SmartyKids, developing mental arithmetic center
UNIQUM — SmartyKids, mental arithmetic development center
School preparation
5 years old
Wunderkind Smartykids, Mental Arithmetic Center
Wunderkind Smartykids, Mental Arithmetic Center
Drawing and drawing
Leo, Children’s Developing Center
Leo, Children’s Development Center
9000
from 1 year
Pure stream, speech development center
Chisty Ruchei, Speech Development Center
Weekend Children’s Club
for preschoolers and schoolchildren
Sova, Foreign Languages Club for Children
Sova, Foreign Languages Club for Children
Lessons with a speech therapist
9004 for adults and children and I, speech correction center
Speech therapist and I, speech correction center
Online and offline
Literacy and calligraphy
course for younger students
from 7 years old
Seven Kids, intelligence development center
Seven Kids, intelligence development center and 2 more places
Speech therapist
Leo, children’s development center
Leo, children’s development center
Sailing
Seven winds 90. sailing school
Seven winds, sailing school
Qigong
Your place, art space
Your place, art space
Creative development
from 4 years
SmartyKids prodigy, mental arithmetic center
SmartyKids prodigy, mental arithmetic center
Light extension
7 to 15 years old
Light, Language Learning Center
Light, Language Learning Center and 9 more locations
Daily Activity & Programming Examples for Child Care
Children thrive with routine and structure in their lives- in a world where they have little control, it gives them a sense of autonomy and security. When children expect what’s coming it also frees their minds for creativity and imagination, so that they can relax into a familiar and comfortable routine and get busy doing the important work of playing and learning.
Structure also helps the child care centre run smoothly, as it assists large groups of children to navigate the often tricky transitions with more ease and efficiency, and is a way for educators to ensure that each desired area of learning is being met and progress monitored.
Having a daily routine that is designed to best meet the needs of the children and the staff, will go a long way in creating a productive and happy child care centre. We have compiled some child care programming ideas and provided some child care program examples to get you started.
General flow of the centre
To start planning a child care program, ideas on what you would like the overall structure of the centre to look like are important. Start with the basic schedule, such as timing of food, naps and outdoor/indoor sessions, and then build on this for optimum child care programming. Examples of this basic schedule could look like this:
6:30 – 9:00am
Children arriving and free indoor play
10:00am
Morning tea
10:30am
Structured indoor play/activities
12:00pm
Lunch
12:30pm
Structured outside play/activities
2:00pm
Story and sleep/rest time
3:00pm
Afternoon tea
3:30 – 5:00pm
Pick up and outside free play, late snack
5:00pm – 6:00pm
Storytime and indoor play until close
Once the overall routine has been decided, you can start planning the specific child care activities, games and learning outcomes you’re aiming for in each time slot. While you can get creative with this, each program should be meeting learning and development aims and national Early Learning Centre guidelines and recommendations.
Areas to cover in your daily program activities include:
Physical skill development
Social and interpersonal relation skills
Speech and language development
Creativity and art
Self-help skills and life skills
Problem-solving, critical analysis and mathematical concepts
Working as a team and independently
Each room will have a different focus depending on age and ability level, and should also be tailored to meet the needs of individual children.
Babies program
In this age group the program should mainly be focussed on developing a routine and secure attachment with carers, as well as establishing and maintaining feeding and sleeping habits. Carers should use singing, reading and one-to-one interaction to encourage cognitive development, and facilitate age-appropriate activities such as tummy time to assist physical development. Read about activities for babies age 0-6 months here to gather ideas for your babies room.
Toddlers program
The toddlers program should be focussed on developing and practicing self-help skills and daily tasks, and socialising with other children. Through free and structured play, toddlers can practice learning to take turns, collaborate on larger games or play projects, and development of social and communication skills. Plenty of reading and singing encourages language and vocabulary development, so this should also form a part of the program.
At this age, toddlers are also beginning to test their skills with risk-taking play (https://toddle.com.au/thecorkboard/risky-play) and behaviour, so having appropriate outlets for this such as climbing stations, water play and use of age-appropriate tools will help them to explore this in a safe manner. Plenty of outdoor play is encouraged, as it helps to burn their enormous amounts of energy and practice a host of physical and cognitive skills. Check out these child care activities ideas for toddlers to help plan your toddlers program.
Preschool program
This age group is building on skills through the same mediums as the toddler group, with an added focus on literacy, mathematical concepts and science. Develop opportunities through play and child care/family daycare activities that teach these skills in a natural way such as indoor and outdoor play, group activities and opportunities for solo play.
Here are some ideas for preschool child care activities:
Painting – kids can paint cards for their parents and practice their letters on the inside
Outdoor scavenger hunt- give kids clues (such as colour and texture based) and a basket, and let them find treasures that match the clues in nature
Building blocks – get pre-schoolers involved in collaborative castle or village building
Art and craft – children love activities that involve drawing, cutting, glueing, and they learn a lot in the process
Music- use rhythm instruments or even pots and spoons to practice keeping time to songs
Get started on creating your ultimate child care program using some of these child care programming examples, and the multitude of easily accessible childcare programming templates, or family day care programming templates, available on the internet. Bring your own personal flair as an educator to your program so that it reflects your child care centre and what makes it special, and sign up to Toddle to connect with potential families and showcase your unique program.
Early Learning Activities, Ideas & Programming Support for EC Educators!
If you are feeling a little unmotivated to setup or create at the moment you will find a HUGE collection of playful ideas, inspiration and programming support for educators and parents when you scroll through 2018’s most visited posts and pages here on The Empowered Ed blog – I’ve already categorised them into my Empowered Ed 8 Essential Learning Areas and they are waiting for you below!
I was actually updating my records recently and was amazed to find out that this Empowered Educator website had nearly 1 million pageviews in 2018!! THANKYOU to all of those that visited the blog, emailed, left messages, asked questions, joined my Facebook Group, became a member of the new Empowered Ed Hub, opened a weekly newsletter or downloaded one of my professional development resources or training!!
We truly have become an Empowered Educator Community and I’m so proud of you for seeking out the support you need, wanting to increase your skills in certain areas, continually providing engaging learning experiences and environments for young children or just recognising and embracing the fact that we are always learning something new no matter our level of education, training or practical experience…. and it’s ok (in fact I’d say empowered!)to go back to basics or seek to simplify to achieve that goal without spending your life savings or nights hiding in the cupboard with a chocolate and glass of chardonnay!!
So I thought it might be helpful as we head further into 2019 to take a closer look at the 2018 stats and share with you the most frequently visited blog posts in what I consider to be the 8 essential areas educators and other readers are currently finding helpful and above all supportive to their different roles! Perhaps there might be something you missed even if you are a regular reader (and who could blame you – time is so hard to come by in this job!).
So let’s scroll down through the Empowered Educator 8 essential learning areas I’ve put together for you. I’d also suggest saving this page to your bookmarks or pinning to your favourite Pinterest board as you are going to want to come back and forth as this is a huge collection and treasure trove of support for you!
This is the Empowered Educator learning area that readers visited most frequently in 2018 so if you are feeling overwhelmed in this area or just want to simplify and revisit the basics please know that you are definitely not on your own in wanting to access support with your planning! Here are the top 8 posts for this category in 2018…. .
Understanding Observations, Reflection and Linking in Early Childhood Settings.
Analysis, Reflection and Evaluation in Early Childhood Programming.
Early Childhood Programming Made Simple – Part 2 Using Observations Effectively
Child Portfolios in Early Childhood Settings – Are they Necessary?
Working with the Framework Learning Outcomes – Part 1 LINKING
If you are a regular reader of this blog you will already know I absolutely love finding ways to encourage children to develop a respect for the world around them. By including them as active participants in their own learning AND making it easy and fun they are more likely to continue with the actions and skills they are learning as they grow older.
As early childhood educators and parents it is up to us to ensure children can access opportunities to look after the world and community around them in a variety of different ways…and that doesn’t just mean having a vegetable garden and chickens! Let’s take a look at some of the most popular posts in this category for 2018…
Reusing Tyres in Outdoor Play Spaces
Repurpose spools and reels for play!
Sensory Clay Nature Ornaments
Make a Recycled Plant Pot Scarecrow
Outdoor Play Areas – Part 4 – Incorporating Sustainability
Recycling Fun with Rubbish and Pallets!
Recycling with children – easy ideas to get them involved!
Effective and Safe Green Cleaning for Home and Daycare!
Recycled Play Series – #1 Outdoor Fun
Introducing Sustainability to Children…. Ideas and Inspiration!
Sustainability in the Garden – How to Make a Worm Tower!
Setting up indoor and outdoor playful learning environments doesn’t have to mean overcomplicating, spending huge amounts of money or taking 2 hours to set up a Pinterest worthy invitation to play each morning. It’s about knowing and understanding the needs of the children in your care, thinking outside the box, using what you already have in different ways, inviting children to take ownership of their space and ensuring they feel a sense of belonging.
Browse through the most visited posts in this category last year for a little inspiration and some simple strategies to try whether working in a home based or centre based environment!
Setting up Invitations To Play – Inspiration from Educators
5 Important elements to include in your natural outdoor play space
Creating Early Learning Spaces for Multi-Age Groups
Community Inspiration – Outdoor Play Environments
Playful Learning Spaces for Babies and Toddlers
Creating Outdoor Playspaces & Experiences for Home Daycare!
Designing Outdoor Play Spaces – Part 1 Assess & Reflect
Outdoor Play Series – #1 Working with Small Spaces
Providing regular opportunities for children to engage in sensory play is important to me as both an educator and a Mum. I truly believe if I hadn’t offered sensory play experiences to my twins from a young age the issues one has had with sensory processing challenges would have been a lot worse and we wouldn’t have made the progress we have over the years. We have gone from gagging and throwing up when her foot touched wet sand to painting and crafting with wet sand!
Never underestimate the power of sensory play….it’s one of the most popular search topics on my blog so let’s take a look at what readers were interested in throughout 2018!
Make your own Sensory Small World
Make your own rainbow sensory balls for play!
15 Strategies to encourage SPD toddlers to eat!
10 Easy ideas for sensory sand play
Gardening with Children – Make a Sensory Plant Tower!
Crowns from Nature – Mess Free Sensory Fun
Sensory Exploration & Play-based Learning with Playdough.
Soapy Sensory Slime
‘Crossing the Midline’ …Activities for Toddlers!
Sensory Painting for children – Exploring texture through art
Play is indeed a child’s ‘work’ and so very important to all stages of development. There are many ways we can introduce, encourage and extend upon play based learning – no big budget or fancy equipment required! Why not try some of these favourite ideas and experiences visited by Empowered Ed readers last year.
Using Open Ended Materials in Outdoor Play.
Extending Block Play for Early Learning
20 Ideas to Encourage Outdoor Rainy Day Play
Taking Dramatic Play Outside – Ideas to get you started!
Toddler Foam Block Shape Stamping!
Ideas for reading to active toddler groups
Sensory Fine Motor Magnet Fun with Recycled Materials
We’re going on a Goopy Bear Hunt…. .Fine Motor Sensory Fun!
Playful Tubs and Trays for Toddlers
5 Easy and Safe Slime Recipes
I’m pretty passionate about the benefits of family day care environments and supporting home based educators in their dual role of educator and small business owner. It’s not for the faint hearted or lazy that’s for sure, but it can be oh so rewarding to set up your own environment and run your early learning service according to your philosophy and principles while welcoming children and families to your home each day.
Because I have walked in the shoes of a family day care educator as well as coordinator I know the effort and skill it takes and how easy it can be to feel isolated and unsupported in your work….and that’s why I will continue to share articles that speak directly to the specific needs of Family Day Care educators! Perhaps one of the most popular posts in this category for 2018 could help you too!
Setting up for Home Daycare…Part 1
Family Day Care Educators & Environments – Part 1
Choosing a Family Daycare Scheme – what do you need to consider?
Home Based Early Childhood Services – The real story.
Designing play & learning spaces for home – Part 1 Indoors.
Setting up a Family Day Care – Is it right for you?
Setting up for Home Child Care – Tips for keeping your house a home!
Ideas for promoting and advertising a home day care business.
Documenting in Home/Family Day Care Part 2 – Finding your programming style.
Interviewing new parents for your Family Day Care Service – 5 Top Tips to ensure your success!
The Educational leader can take many forms within the early childhood profession and is an important role….however it can also be a stressful role, especially if leaders are not clear on exactly what it is they are meant to be doing! Depending on the early learning service type it can be a complex job description and ongoing support is essential to the success of a cohesive and happy team…as well as leader!
In 2019 I’ll be sharing articles and resources with a greater focus on helping educational leaders better understand & simplify their role, motivate, mentor and initiate change where needed. If you are an educational leader make sure to check out the resource shop here on the website or visit my TPT store if you find that easier. In the meantime you can get started on some previous articles that support the varied role of leaders and educators.
Marketing Strategies for Child Care Services
How to become an assertive early years educator.
How to Engage & Communicate with Families Effectively
10 Tips to Manage Daycare Paperwork!
Process V Product in Early Learning – Can we find a balance?
Educator Organisation Series – Part 2 Orientation Packs.
Stress & Anxiety in the Early Childhood Profession.
Designing Outdoor Play Spaces – Part 1 Assess & Reflect
How to Support Communication in the Early Years.
Writing Engaging and Useful Newsletters for Parents
Sustainability – How can Early Years Educators show evidence of embedded practice?
Often the most popular or played with resources and equipment are the ones you have made yourself with budget friendly or recycled materials. Instead of wishing you had a bigger budget or adding yet another page to your wishlist why not try one of the projects or activities below – make sure to include the children in your process!!
Make your own chalk paint!
Make your own resources for Play. Recycle. Upcycle. Create!
Homemade Toddler Feltboard Easel
DIY Easy Resources for Play
Easy Sensory Slime Recipe for Play
12 Easy DIY Sensory Table Projects
How to make and play with Homemade Paint
How to invite dramatic play using prop boxes.
Magic Marble Playdough
DIY Natural Playspaces – Chairs, Buses and Climbing Frames!
Playful Storytelling – Using a Story Bag, Basket or Prop Box
Wooden Stump Geoboards – Taking Math Play Outdoors!
8 Ways to Play Outdoors with Wood Cookies
DIY Outdoor Balance Scales
I hope you have found this collection of ideas and inspiration (as well as the freebie resources on certain pages) helpful – perhaps it has reignited that mojo and motivation to take action! Did any of the posts in this collection help you in some way? Let me know your favourite in the comments below – I love to hear from readers!
How to Plan for & Observe Babies and Toddlers in Early Learning Services!
To plan effectively for the 0-2 Years age group takes a little thinking outside the box. You need to give yourself permission as an educator to work differently, use an alternate planning system,document then reflect and communicate in a way that perhaps you haven’t used before when working previously with older children – but makes a whole lot more sense when it comes to meeting learning outcomes for babies and toddlers.
In this blog series – Planning & Play for Babies & Toddlers I’m sharing with you ideas to help make planning play experiences and programming for this age group not only easier and faster but also more meaningful and effective for the children and carers.
What will this Baby/Toddler Planning & Play Series Cover?
The WHAT. The WHY. The HOW
This first post in the series shares with you WHAT it is we actually need to do as early childhood educators working with Babies & Toddlers, WHY we need to do this when it comes to meeting not only the planning cycle steps but also meeting the wellbeing, nurturing and safety needs of a child 0-2 years in care. And finally, a brief introduction into HOW we are going to make it happen!
How to Observe & Tools to Use
You will find out WHY recording the learning, meaningful moments and progress of a baby or toddler needs a different approach. We’ll explore WHAT you can observe and HOW to use different observation formats and tools effectively.
Learning Environments, Voices & looking Forward
We finish the series with part 3 and it is in this post that you will find out how to create and support learning in Baby & Toddler environments, seek out , incorporate & use the child’s voice in your planning (even when they are non verbal!) , empower and support educators working with this age group and end with some strategies for closing the planning cycle loop and taking some simple action steps to help get you moving forward!
Ready to get started on Part 1 of this series? Let’s Do It Empowered Ed!
Planning & Play for 0-2 Years – Part 1 – What, Why & How.
Before we talk about creating an overall planning system and how to fit all the necessary paperwork in, let’s take a minute to break down and get clear on WHAT it is we actually need to do And WHY when it comes to meeting not only the planning cycle steps but also meeting the wellbeing, nurturing and safety needs of baby.
The 5 areas I list for you below ideally should already be part of your early learning curriculum and focus if working with the 0-2 years age group. (It is with any early years age group really) but the younger ages have a larger focus on routines, wellbeing and parent communication due to their high level of physical and emotional needs.
5 Essential Focus Areas for Early Learning with 0-2 Years
Family Communication & Belonging
Indoor & Outdoor environments are safe, challenging, welcoming.
Routines are flexible according to children’s specific needs day to day but children generally know what they can expect and when.
Assessment & documentation systems in place and organised to collect essential information to inform ongoing programming and save time by not doubling up or recording unnecessary information
Reflection processes that are simple but consistent and useful.
Communicating with Families and the Cycle of Information
When planning and setting future learning goals for children we want to try and include multiple sources of information that we have recorded or documented over different time periods. This then all comes together to form a clear picture using a summative assessment (or similar) at regular intervals throughout the year.
The cycle of information needs to be continuous and consistent to help you to plan effectively for both individual children as well as groups and as I mentioned earlier above family communication plays a larger role in this process – especially when planning for babies and toddlers.
Try to make it a regular part of your planning system/process to incorporate both educator observations and the family information you gain throughout the year using the consistent and meaningful family communication tools and strategies you have put in place already. All information can help you to form a more comprehensive picture of the child in your care. This is an important way you can include the child’s voice in your overall program.
Now that you have a better understanding of why family communication and gaining knowledge regarding the child’s general family life is actually an important part of your programming, you might be looking for a few tips to help you make your current process a little more effective….and that doesn’t mean more complicated or time-consuming – it means using your time and tools more effectively!
Try some of the following suggestions…
7 Simple Ideas to Collaborate Meaningfully with families – and help you plan more effectively for babies and toddlers!
Be respectful and acknowledge that parents are always the child’s first teacher.
Support a strengths-based approach with parents which basically just means that you take the time to recognise that families have strengths too – you are aiming for a partnership rather than assuming you are always the expert or must know better!
As mentioned previously – put orientation and daily communication systems in place to learn as much as you can about baby or toddlers’ home experiences and family life/culture.
Communicate and exchange information consistently every single day – not just when you need to know something or ‘get the chance’. If a child’s core educators cannot be present to speak with parents at either drop-off or pick up times then put clear communication processes in place so that other educators know how to effectively communicate information about the child’s day. Use simple communication books if you have a large team of educators doing different shifts.
Make it quick and easy for parents and carers to communicate with you! Use easy to read, visual formats, ensure parents who are unable to pick up or drop off also have access to information about their child’s day via the cloud or email systems, use surveys but keep them brief – no one wants to write paragraphs of information just to check off your boxes!
Explore ways you can communicate more effectively with your ESL Families.
Put in place a child orientation process that includes opportunities for parents to share relevant information with you easily and feel confident that not only their child feels a sense of belonging and trust but this also extends to the family as a whole.
So now we want to take that ongoing cycle of information we have gathered using our regular communication tools, what we already know about the development of and learning of the babies and toddlers along with the information provided by the families during the room orientation process and figure out how to incorporate that into our overall planning system so we are not doubling up, feeling overwhelmed and worst of all not meeting the child’s needs and family expectations.
When simplified, the planning and documentation cycle tells us we need to do the following:
Gather information about the child’s needs, strengths, progress, well-being and development. We do this in the form of child or group observations.
We then need to bring our various methods and sources of information together and think about what the information we have collected is telling us – This is our Analysis of Learning.
Once we have made sense of our observations- (which just means analysing and making connections to learning outcomes and our knowledge of developmental milestones – the Analysis of Learning) we can then make a judgement or decision about how we want to move forward and create an individual plan for baby or toddler – This is our Forward Planning & Evaluation.
But what if they don’t do anything for me to observe and write down?
I hear this a lot and I understand perfectly where it comes from! I have worked as a lead educator in busy baby rooms with a group of mainly under 6 months old with very high care needs. There might be a ratio of educators to children under 2 but if you have worked in a centre based early learning service you know that your 0-2 group might be made up of all mainly younger babies instead of a mix of ages so your day and routines can change quickly according to the group dynamic!
Honestly, you just finish one round of nappy changes, bottles, snacks and changing cot sheets then you are back to the beginning of the cycle again – what do you find ‘meaningful’ enough to write an observation on…and when do you get the time to do this anyway?
This is where we need to think outside the box remember? That cycle where it feels nothing noteworthy is happening is actually providing valuable opportunities for reflection, communication, observation and ideas for next week’s plan!
Although slightly different for family daycare educators who might only have 1-2 children under 2 years each day in a mixed age care environment the group dynamics can change quickly when you have to meet the unique and often demanding needs of infants and young toddlers so many of these same planning strategies and tips apply. They still require a different approach to plan effectively.
However, before you start shaking your head at me (I see you there!), this doesn’t actually have to mean adding work to what you currently already do with the older children. It just means collecting your information in different ways more suited to a baby’s daily routine and care needs.
“That daily cycle & routine where it feels nothing noteworthy is happening is actually providing valuable opportunities for reflection, communication, observation and ideas for next week’s plan!.”
– The Empowered Educator –
What can Educators look for when documenting an observation?
Strengths
Interests
Needs
Changes in routine
Developmental Milestones
Interactions with educators, other children and adults.
Reactions & Emotions
Gestures and different movements to the usual.
The trick to simplifying observations for baby and toddler is not to overthink the moments you choose to record. Narrow your focus and see the importance in the smaller everyday actions, moments and everyday routines. Compare to the knowledge you already have of the child.
“The trick to simplifying observations for baby and toddler is not to overthink the moments you choose to record..”
Consider ways you can include families and other professionals to guide your approach and understanding toward every baby and toddlers individual learning journey. Make time to develop consistent and easy to understand parent communication systems like ‘our day’ and ‘my day’ forms, whiteboards, photos, displays of special moments etc and how you can make it easier for parents to also add their own information and thoughts in return.
Ensure your family and child orientation process to your family day care or baby room is simple yet informative and useful to you as an educator and also the child’s family. Clearly explain your philosophy, daily interactions, weekly program, routines etc.
Record family expectations, cultural considerations and goals for their baby or toddler while attending care. Review consistently using your current planning cycle system or try this one to help get you started.
Decide on the observation formats and tools you want to use and if you will combine a few different types or just stick to the app or style you are most confident with. Ensure whatever formats use they tell the entire story of learning rather than just a small moment from the overall experience. Aim to be descriptive – this doesn’t have to mean lengthy and complicated – just descriptive enough to give you a good idea of the child’s play and voice as it unfolded. More about how to include a baby or toddlers voice who is not verbal in part 3 of this series.
Don’t assume that just because you wrote a fantastic observation about a meaningful moment that this will magically help baby or toddler progress on their learning journey or improve their wellbeing! It’s now up to you to decide how you can extend the learning moment in different ways for this child. Don’t forget to come back and record how this went to close you planning cycle loop – Evaluate.
“There is no set number of observations you are required to do – this is about recording, assessing and extending the ongoing progress of a child’s individual learning and discovery journey. ..record those observations not because you have to, but because they stood out to you as important in the child’s learning journey.”
– The Empowered Educator –
Although a baby’s day and routine may seem mundane when it comes to choosing what to observe and record on a regular basis – try and think about what is happening in the baby’s world. What is happening for them that is different or new no matter how small?
This is where your knowledge of each child’s routine, progress, current interests and home culture comes in. This is why you put a little extra time into collecting this information upon orientation and during consistent and meaningful parent communication.
Spending the time to set up effective communication tools and routines based on baby’s identified needs (if you don’t know where to start with setting up this system use my Baby & Toddler Planning & Communication Templates and then making it your priority to nurture and really get to know them, in turn helps you to observe more meaningfully and actually analyse the useful information you have collected in a more time efficient and meaningful way.
I like to encourage educators not to fall into the trap of writing down observations just because they haven’t filled this month’s ‘quota’ There is no set number of observations you are required to do – this is about recording, assessing and extending the ongoing progress of a child’s individual learning and discovery journey.
Some moments may seem very simple but it doesn’t mean they aren’t meaningful and important in that child’s life right now.
Record those observations! Not because you have to, but because they stood out to you as important or memorable in the overall snapshot of this child’s learning journey.
That’s it for Part 1 in this series Empowered Ed’s – awesome effort sticking with me to here! Take some time to revisit this post over the next week and reflect on the What, Why & How of Planning & Play with the 0-2 Years age group before we dive into Part 2!
If you are a subscriber to the Academy For Empowered Educators make sure to look for the Baby & Toddler Planning & Play resources and templates mentioned throughout this post to give you a helping hand with some of the strategies I have mentioned here in Part 1 of this series (you already have access to them inside member hub – so go look now!) Don’t forget you can also download one of the hundreds of activity idea guides linked to learning outcomes – especially created just for the 0-2 years age group!
Not a Hubster yet but want to save time on your planning and access regular webinars and training videos? Join us inside here!
In Part 2 of this series I will be simplifying the documentation of observations in the 0-2 Years age group. You will find out WHY recording the learning, meaningful moments and progress of a baby or toddler needs a different approach. I’ll explain WHAT you can observe and HOW to use different observation formats and tools effectively.
A Little About Me
Jodie Clarke is an early childhood professional supporting educators who want and need to stay passionate about the work they do! She has 30 years hands-on experience in the early childhood and human services sectors across many different roles.
Jodie is mum to 3 in Australia and has already helped thousands of educators with their work through her popular blog posts, activity ideas, online training and e-books.
Why Child Care Programming Is Important
In early childhood settings, a stimulating educational program and practice are necessary to achieve learning outcomes. The goal of a professional child care service is to support children’s learning and development, therefore, planning and programming must be a priority. The Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF) can be used as a guide in designing and implementing a curriculum. Services approach planning and programming differently because there are no templates for curriculum in childcare settings.
Educators must be able to tailor a program for various age groups and implement the same. Moreover, continuous evaluation of children’s learning outcomes as well as regular reflection on principles and practices will aid in the creation of a solid program. In the following blog, we’ll discuss the importance of a program and give some examples.
What is Programming in Childcare?
Child care programming is a process that educators use to plan for each child’s development and learning. Programming in childcare is a conscious initiative to plan and implement a curriculum. To develop a good program, information on children’s skills, understandings, interests, strengths and weaknesses must be collected from families and educators and interpreted on a regular basis. This information enables educators to make decisions on how to support each individual child’s learning journey. Programming will include a continuous process of thinking about what experiences must be provided for children and why.
The goal of the curriculum plan is to be able to achieve a learning outcome based on the Early Years Learning Framework. Hence, each experience and activity included in the programming must have a learning outcome. The outcome can only be achieved if the learning opportunities on the curriculum plan, which children are to engage with, are available for a child as planned.
Although there are clear markers for quality, the ACECQA National Quality Standard (NQS) does not provide a template for services. They believe that curriculum development and practices should take their cues from each child’s current knowledge, ideas, culture, interests and abilities.
Why is it important?
Children learn and develop daily and they need tools to aid their journey. Since most development and change will occur in a child’s first 5 years of life, the earlier they get assistance the better. The right environment and guidance is important in this early age and a structured program can be the springboard for early childhood development.
In addition, child care not only plays a major role in the learning and development of children but also prepares a child for future transition to schooling. A well-planned and curated program develops foundational skills in children and will go on to benefit them in the future. Individualised programs developed with the parents or families through careful planning and strategic approaches will certainly be beneficial to a child. A program planned out for the next few weeks allows staff members to be involved by allowing them to focus on strategies to help kids progress.
By law, as stated in the Children’s Services Award, it is mandatory for educational leaders and educators to receive 2 hours of non-contact programming time per week. This time can be used to complete documentation for children’s developmental programs. The list below outlines the specific benefits of childcare programming.
Promotes Shared Learning and Collaboration
Partnerships with other families help a child’s development. Children are given opportunities to learn and develop and make decisions, choices and problem solve whilst playing and observing with other children, regardless of age, gender or cultural background. Check this article for planning specific areas in your child care.
The professionalism of Child Care Service
Professional child care educators think critically every day and make decisions about what they are going to do to improve. Having a program enables them to identify what areas they need to work on and they actively seek to change by writing observations about themselves and the children and getting feedback from parents and families.
Coordinators and staff members are also qualified and are involved in day-to-day activities of different age groups so they are also able to contribute to planning. Through critical reflection, educators and coordinators can provide the best possible experiences of children. Find a professional child care service through Space.
Helps with Development
Planning with families and children allows educators to make better decisions about how the program can help a child’s learning and development. Understanding what is important with input from the family and feedback on children’s interests and current developmental level will enable their planning to focus on play-based activities that create a clear link between the program and developmental outcomes.
Documentation of Experiences
Program documentation is another important aspect. With a plan in place, educators can document information and experiences that have significant learnings. Information about a child may be gathered through:
Conversations before or after the service
Meetings with family members
Books for communication or exchange of information
Diaries where families can document ideas and suggestions or other data regarding their children outside of the service.
Having individual portfolios to store children’s learning, observations and stories are also advisable. Children and families are encouraged to contribute to the portfolio by revisiting events and learning experiences. Other helpful articles are accessible when you register to Space.
Important areas to cover
In order to provide a safe and nurturing environment, early childhood teachers must be trained to develop and implement a preschool program that meets the needs of the children in their care. A good program reflects children’s perspectives on their own lives and shows that their thoughts, feelings, values and beliefs are respected. Quality programs also show how children develop understandings, skills and dispositions through active learning.
In order for children to develop properly, they need to be exposed to activities that allow them to practice different skills they are working on. As services aim to help children learn a spectrum of things, play and activities should cover the following topics:
Communication and Language
Each day providers should have planned activities they will do with the children such as reading books or singing songs to improve communication and develop language. By reading, singing and reciting nursery rhymes, we introduce children to language and build their vocabulary. We also help them develop listening skills that are critical for understanding instructions, learning new ideas and developing their own storytelling abilities.
Physical skills
Each area of the classroom or playroom should be well-stocked with age-appropriate toys and materials so that children are constantly encouraged to participate in active play for physical development. For outdoor play, providers can set up obstacle courses that encourage children to move around and improve gross motor skills.
Problem-solving and Decision-making
Cognitive skills should also be considered when choosing the activities and learning games. By playing and exploring, children learn and develop thinking skills through their curiosity. Play-based learning exercises will make kids more likely to enjoy the learning process. Children’s ideas will eventually form and they will go from observing to thinking and acting.
Social skills
Interacting with others on a regular basis teaches individual children how to better engage with their peers and gain a better knowledge of their emotions. Kids should also learn social skills like sharing and cooperation, working together, taking turns, participating in activities, following simple instructions and communicating their wants and needs. Fundamental values such as being kind, sharing, cooperating, asking for help and respecting others are life skills can benefit children.
Creativity and Art
For indoor play, there should be time for free play where children can choose what they want to do. Free play allows children to be free in their play and express themselves creatively while they practice fine motor skills such as cutting with scissors or holding crayons.
Teamwork and Collaboration
As children work together on a project such as building a structure with blocks, they begin to understand the importance of sharing resources and working together with others.
Examples of Childcare Programming
Play is vital for both newborns and children. Through play, they learn, process, investigate and bond with others. Since every child is unique and will have different interests at certain times in their lives, it is important for a preschool program to be adaptable to these changes and incorporate them into their programs. Child care programming examples help educators plan the best experiences for children. They provide inspiration and ideas to assist in planning meaningful learning experiences that are informed by the child’s interests and strengths, align with the EYLF and NQS and meet licensing regulations. Starting Blocks has a few sample programs for children’s learning. Below are examples of activities for newborns and toddlers to help centres, parents or families plan activities for children as they explore the world.
Programs for New-borns
Programs for newborns should intentionally cultivate a secure attachment with carers and establish routines, such as feeding and sleeping habits. It should also provide babies with a range of sensory experiences while ensuring that the physical environment is safe and comfortable for babies to move around in.
A program for babies would include:
Adult led experiences such as singing, reading, talking and storytelling;
Child initiated play and exploration such as tummy time;
Opportunities for babies to learn through play; and
Sensory rich activities that exposes them to light, sound and movement.
These experiences are taught in one-to-one interactions between the baby and the educator. At most, one educator should responsible for no more than four children.
Programs for Toddlers
Programming for toddlers often focuses on assisting children in developing their language, independence, and social abilities. Planned experiences will frequently focus on assisting toddlers in engaging in play experiences that will allow them to practice and build their skills in different areas.
One-on-one and small-group activities should be planned yet flexible enough to allow children to participate in each experience in the way that best suits their interests and skills. Staff will serve as guides and role models, assisting kids in negotiating with others and effectively expressing their feelings. Other special moments like reading learning stories and singing can also be part of the program which are helping children develop language and vocabulary.
Finally, an abundance of physical play should be included since toddlers need the energy outlet and a safe environment to explore their physical capabilities this can be done through a combination of indoor play or outdoor activities.
YWCA Child Care Services and Programming
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YWCA reaches 2.3 million women, girls and their families through more than 200 local associations in 45 states and the District of Columbia.
YWCA reaches 2.3 million women, girls and their families through more than 200 local associations in 45 states and the District of Columbia.
Since 1868, YWCA has provided early childcare programs, and today we are proud to serve over 200,000 kids annually through childcare, Head Start, and Pre-K programs. These programs promote child development and school readiness, while enabling parents to obtain and retain employment.
“Nicky faces many obstacles throughout his 4 years of life thus far. He is a twin and twins are typically developmentally delayed a little bit. On top of that challenge, Nicky also faces physical problems including epilepsy, kidney issues, GI tract issues, and more. This doesn’t hold Nicky back from smiling, laughing, and being the best brother to his two sisters.
…Every parent wants their child to succeed and grow despite whatever developmental challenges might be present. Over just a few months, Nicky did just that at YWCA Tri-County Area’s (YW3CA) EEC…We took him to the same doctor, months later, and she was shocked about how much he had improved. She claimed his improvements were miraculous,”
— from YWCA Tri County Area, PA
Providing safe and affordable care for children is crucial for working women. Further, it is proven that strong programs build resilience in children. We believe that a parent should never have to choose between getting help due to a Domestic Violence situation and caring for their child. We are intentional with our wrap around services because it what our clients deserve.
We believe that all families regardless of income should have access to systems of early care and education. We work with early childhood educators and families directly to ensure that this happens. Additionally, we offer services to assist care providers in their knowledge of best-practices. Our Provider Services staff offers assistance and educational opportunities to those (licensed or license-exempt) who provide child care and early education.
Additionally, our associations provide programs that serve young people of all-ages though after-school, summer camp, and enrichment activities for children, teenagers, and young-adults.
A Snapshot of Our Programs
Early Childcare Programming
Enrichment Programming
As part of our commitment to providing safe and reliable care for all children and their families, we recognize that this starts with our youngest clients.
YWCA Early Learning Academies at YWCA El Paso
YWCA Early Learning Academies are on a mission to provide excellent early childhood education in a fun, enriching environment. Their goal is to bolster positive social, emotional, and academic development while promoting school-readiness. With more than 40 years of experience in early childhood education, YWCA is the best choice for childcare in El Paso. They offer eight daycare locations around town and convenient hours for working parents.
YWCA Silicon Valley Childcare Centers
YWCA Silicon Valley Child Care strives to create a safe and socially just child-centered environment where children learn to understand, value, and create a society where all people are treated equally. Each child’s individual needs, personality, cultural background, and families are valued and supported. Children’s learning is fostered through S.T.R.E.A.M (Science, Technology, Recreation, Engineering, Art & Math) activities through daily opportunities for hands-on, active exploration and discovery in a variety of learning and constructive play activities.
YWCA TriCounty Area
The Early Education Centers offer children the opportunity to learn and grow in a creative and nurturing space, preparing preschool children for success in kindergarten and beyond, and enriching school-age children through after-school programming and summer camp. Classrooms for children 6 weeks through pre-kindergarten include infant/toddler, preschool, Early Head Start, and Pre-K Counts. Technology is also utilized in the classroom with iPads that allow teachers to record each child’s achievements in real time and share them electronically with parents. Classrooms have also added Hatch interactive educational software, which provides children with lessons in literacy and math through challenging games.
YWCA recognizes that learning doesn’t end at school which is why we’re proud to offer dynamic and diverse programs to enrich the lives of the children and youth that we serve.
YouthLeads (national initiative)
Launched in 2018, Youth LEADS (Leverage, Energize, and Define Solutions) is an initiative to combat gender-based violence among youth by providing young leaders with the platforms, network, and organizational support they need to create change. Youth LEADS looks to young people to drive the solutions that will change the culture and end violence in their communities.
TechGYRLS (multiple locations)
This youth empowerment program has been crafted to raise girls’ interest and confidence in the critical areas of science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM). The TechGYRLS Program helps young girls develop 21st Century skills like creativity, collaboration, communication, and critical thinking/problem-solving skills. The program offers students a safe, supportive, girls-only environment for exploration and learning using hands-on inquiry-based curriculum.
Our Work in Action
Toddler Childcare Program – Beaumont
We channel that boundless energy and tap into their natural curiosity to maximize their development during this exciting time
At Kids ‘R’ Kids, we understand the unmatched energy and curiosity of toddlers. As such, we are confident our program fills their day with challenging and engaging activities to build on previous knowledge and present them with new opportunities to grow.
Our Kids ‘R’ Kids Toddler Program is kid-paced while still fostering important developmental skills and making learning fun!
Toddler Kids ‘R’ Kids Tour Our School
VIDEO: Discover why Kids ‘R’ Kids is the Smart Choice for your toddler
What We Provide Our Busy Learners
Building Language — We provide our toddlers an American Sign Language program, which has been shown to help with nonverbal and eventual verbal communication. Your child will be able to effectively communicate their needs with caregivers and peers, leading to more met needs and a more nurturing environment
Stories and Songs — Entertaining stories coupled with a variety of silly, fun songs help your toddler’s imagination continue to grow while they learn those important skills needed for the next developmental level
Creativity — Our classrooms are designed with imagination in mind. We offer age-appropriate learning centers for your toddler as they explore their abilities in music, art, early literacy, pretend play and more
Fine and Gross Motor Skills — We know that an active body is a healthy body while playing indoors or outdoors on our large, age-separated play spaces. Whether a child is learning to walk, running at full speed, reaching for the monkey bars or simply tossing a ball to a friend, they will learn all about their body and celebrate accomplishments both great and small
Social Interaction — When children enter the world of toddlerhood, they become more aware of the world around them. We understand the importance of friendship and cultivating harmonious relationships with teachers and peers. At Kids ‘R’ Kids, your toddler will learn how to have positive interactions, regardless of differences in nationality, religious belief, or cultural norms
Contact us today!
At Kids ‘R’ Kids, we believe laughter and play are essential components to learning. Our Toddler Childcare Program is filled with fun daily activities and lessons, creating a welcoming space for children to make friends while enjoying lots of laughter. It is supported by our highly-qualified and compassionate staff, making Kids ‘R’ Kids an amazing place for your child to grow and thrive!
Knowing your toddler is safe is crucial to your peace of mind
Safety
Clean Classrooms: Include a personal place for your child’s belongings, organized learning centers, disinfected toys and play areas, and child-sized sinks for washing hands
Certified Teachers in: Infant/Child and Adult CPR, and First Aid
Glass Walls: Unlike typical day care centers or childcare providers, our classrooms feature tempered glass walls for maximum visibility and safety. This promotes an open, bright atmosphere as well as a clean environment
Safety Guard on Door Hinges: Our doors are padded at the hinges so that little fingers don’t get pinched when doors are opened and closed between classrooms
Regular Drills for: Tornado, fire, hurricane and school lock-down
Secure environments put the focus where it belongs…on your toddler
Security
Electronic Security: Coded entry so only authorized visitors may enter the facility
Hiring Process: All staff undergo extensive state-mandated background checks
Front Desk: Our front desk is always staffed so that a watchful eye is supervising the facility, ensuring authorized entries only
Security Cameras: Every classroom in our facility has security cameras that are monitored at the front desk. The owners and staff can easily observe classroom activities throughout each day. Families can login to a secure, password-protected website to check in on your child periodically
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Our teachers make mealtime fun as well as a learning experience!
Meals
Children eat all meals together using family-style seating in our kid-friendly café
Teachers monitor all eating times
Meals are prepared in our commercial-grade kitchen, which is kept separated from the classrooms
Each day, our in-house chef prepares nutritious meals that exceed USDA guidelines
All allergies are documented and kept in the front office with administrators
Our school is a nut-free zone
Susan, Nicole and Stacy
“My twins are unique, and Kids ‘R’ Kids adapted programs to meet their needs. ”
Our programs emphasize the development of every aspect of busy toddlers through our whole-child approach. We facilitate Brain/Cognitive, Social, Emotional, Physical and Behavioral Development, while aiding in the enhancement of communication, language and literacy skills.
Activities engineered to expand your toddler’s mind infinitely
Brain & Cognitive Development
At the successful conclusion of our Toddler Program, your child will:
Understand quantity and numbers, as well as the concepts of distance, weight, dimensions, and time
Understand patterns, shapes, and mathematical problem solving
Demonstrate an understanding of community, culture, ethnicity, and geography
Demonstrate an awareness of community economics and how events are related
Participate in dance, visual arts, voice and drama while exploring the use of instruments and objects to express creativity
We focus on the WHOLE child – heart and soul…
Social & Emotional Development
With the aid of our highly skilled teachers, your child will:
Develop self-awareness
Engage in self-expression
Demonstrate self-control
Develop relationships and social skills with adults
Develop relationships and social skills with peers
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We provide an atmosphere where your child can thrive
Physical Development
Through a blend of engaging activities both inside and outside of the classroom, your toddler will:
Practice safe, healthy habits
Participate in activities related to nutrition
Demonstrate an awareness of the body in space and its relationship to objects in space
Use senses to explore the environment and process information
Develop gross motor skills
Develop fine motor skills
Setting parameters as personalities take shape
Behavioral Development
Before moving on to our Preschool Program, we’ll ensure that your child:
Demonstrates initiative and self-direction
Demonstrates interest and curiosity
Sustains attention to a specific activity and demonstrates persistence
Engages in a progression of individualized and imaginative play
Demonstrates a cooperative and flexible approach to play
The art of expression is vital to your toddler’s developmental growth
Communication, Language & Literacy
By the successful conclusion of our Toddler Program, your child will:
Listen to conversations and demonstrate comprehension
Acquire vocabulary introduced in conversations, activities, stories, and/or books
Use non-verbal communication for a variety of purposes
Use increasingly complex spoken language
Demonstrate increasing knowledge of the alphabet
Demonstrate awareness of print concepts
Use writing for a variety of purposes
Acquire meaning from a variety of materials read aloud
Develop early phonological awareness
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how to choose and test the right thing, what they teach and how the training is carried out
Sergey Galiullin
worked at the children’s online programming school
I worked at the children’s programming school: I was engaged in texts and communications.
Along the way, I figured out the learning process, and also looked at how competitors work.
First of all, I will rely on the programs of reputable programming schools for children – Codabra, Coddy, Codland, Codium, Algorithmics and Geekbrains. All schools have been operating for more than five years, they are often included in reviews and recommendations on children’s educational resources, teachers are carefully selected, and on websites you can find almost all the information you need to make a decision.
What is taught in courses
Most programming schools help to achieve two goals: to understand that a computer is needed not only for games and social networks, and to gain applied skills – I will tell you more about them.
Develop games. This is taught to preschoolers, elementary schoolers and older children – depending on the age, development platforms change, and the acquired skills become more complex.
Beginners’ courses – usually attended by elementary school students – create simple animations for funny characters and master the visual programming language Scratch, which can be used even by those who cannot read.
Older students come up with their own scenarios for games, learn to use 3D effects, create game levels. This helps to develop imagination, learn programming languages for the Minecraft, Roblox and Unity platforms, and even get acquainted with the basics of entrepreneurship: ready-made games can be placed on Epstore or Google Play and earn money on advertising.
/list/game-engines/
7 game engines on which you can create your first game
There are many courses on game development, prices depend on the complexity of the platforms and their popularity. For example, Unity game development courses last from 72 hours and cost from 50,000 RUR.
Such games are developed by students at the Codland School. Source: kodland.org
Develop mobile apps and websites. Children learn HTML, CSS and JavaScript, get acquainted with the basics of layout, including mobile, learn to set goals and achieve results.
In some courses, such as Geekbrains, students work in “adult” online services that allow you to collect their sites: Figma, Tilda and Redimag. This helps not only to master applied skills that children can use in the future, but also to make school more interesting: for example, instead of the usual essay on history, you can make a website or a mobile quiz and surprise the teacher and classmates.
These courses are suitable for children from 12 years old, last from 40 hours and cost from 30,000 RUR. Students learn about machine learning and learn how to create simple versions of artificial intelligence, such as a program that can recognize pictures of cats, or a telegram bot.
Such courses will help deepen your knowledge of mathematics: the creation of neural networks is closer to mathematical modeling than just programming. The courses are suitable for children from the age of 14, last from 40 hours, on average they cost from 45,000 RUR.
Protect data on the Internet. These courses teach information hygiene and network security rules, understand how data encryption works, and learn Python at a basic level. All this helps to develop both general educational skills – for example, critical thinking – and applied ones: after such courses, students can easily recover data that they accidentally deleted.
Typically, students aged 10 years and older are invited to data protection classes: courses last from 20 hours and cost an average of 20,000 RUR.
Vlog. Students learn to identify the needs of their viewers, come up with a channel concept, write video scripts, and finally shoot and edit videos. Even if the child does not become a blogger, these skills will be useful to him in school presentations, and indeed when creating any projects.
Children from 10 years old take part in such courses, the course lasts from 20 hours and costs from 20,000 rubles.
/tiktok-money/
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How learning works
It is important not only to find an interesting topic, but also to find out in advance whether it will be convenient for the child to study. Otherwise, he runs the risk of quitting classes in the middle of the program simply because of “technical” difficulties: a tiring road to class or too fast pace in the lesson. I’ll tell you what formats classes have and how to choose the right one.
Online or offline. A few years ago, almost all schools held offline classes: this made it easier for teachers to maintain a friendly atmosphere, help children with difficult tasks and receive feedback from them. During the pandemic, most schools switched to online teaching, and now they offer students the choice of studying in person or online.
By itself, online is no worse – most often, children and the teacher meet in zoom conferences, complete tasks, share the screen in case of problems and the teacher helps them correct mistakes. If the computer freezes or there are other technical difficulties, they are solved by the support service.
/list/online-education-for-children/
For future art historians and programmers: 11 powerful online courses for children
at least for the first time, while the child is getting used to it.
The site where the online class is held depends on the school: in Coddy and Geekbrains, the teacher and students meet in zoom conferences, in Codabra they study in the Discord game messenger, and in Algorithmic they use interactive platform. Previously, in some schools, children simply studied material from pre-recorded videos, but now this practice has been abandoned.
Individual or group lessons. The standard format for programming courses is group lessons. Some schools, such as Codabre, provide one-time individual lessons – in case the student missed the general meeting and cannot cope with the material on his own or wants to study a more complex topic that is not yet available in group courses.
In “Codium” and “Coddy” you can initially choose an individual format if parents doubt the group one: for example, they consider the child to be too shy, they know that he learns the material more slowly than others, or, conversely, they think that he will be bored in the group because he already knows how to program at a high level.
Game or project approach. Almost all schools use a project approach – in the classroom, children do not just gain knowledge or solve programming problems, but create some kind of product, for example, a mini-game or several pages of a website.
But for preschoolers and first graders, it is better to choose courses with a game approach: for example, in Codabra and Coddy, classes for 7-8 year olds are built as an exciting quest.
Long or short course. The progress of the student depends on the number of classes, but it is important not to overload the child with lessons so as not to discourage the desire to program.
Standard courses consist of 20 lessons once a week: this is considered the optimal pace. But there are other options as well. For example, mini-courses of 10 lessons in “Codabra” or “Codium” will help you quickly learn the basics of certain skills – this is useful for students who want to try different things. And in Codland, some courses last for 32 lessons and allow you to dive deeper into the topic if the child has already decided on the specialization.
What other parameters are important when choosing a course
Several other important parameters can affect the quality and cost of training. I’ll tell you what to pay attention to so that training is effective and does not take up most of the family budget.
Experience of teachers. Top-notch developers rarely go to work in online schools. This is due both to the level of salary and professional ambitions – programming schools pay less than large IT companies, and not all developers and team leaders want to work with children.
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How to find a good tutor
Therefore, classes in programming schools are usually taught by graduates of technical universities, including very strong ones, such as Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology or Bauman. Nevertheless, their professional level may differ: some schools pay attention only to the knowledge of the material and the ability to program, while others also take into account the experience of working with children and the pedagogical skills of future teachers.
Codland school teachers graduated from technical universities and win pedagogical competitions. Source: kodland.org
Hardware and software. Usually, for children’s courses, Windows 7 or MacOS 10.10 and the installed Google Chrome browser are sufficient. But to develop games on Unity, you will need 20 gigabytes of free space and at least 4 gigabytes of RAM: not all home computers have such parameters, which means that you will have to buy a new gadget for courses.
Schools that conducted and continue to conduct offline classes used to rent laptops – this is not usually practiced now, but it is better to check with school managers.
/guide/study-notebook/
How to choose a laptop for study in 2022
For example, this laptop will do: it will definitely have enough processor power and RAM. Source: dns-shop.ru
School website. The school website usually provides detailed information about courses, class format and teachers. First of all, I recommend paying attention to the detailed program and the results that students can achieve: this will help determine whether the content of the course matches the expectations of the child and parents.
It is also important to find out the requirements for a child – most often, younger students should be able to use a mouse and be able to read, while older children should know English at an elementary level and be able to type.
Codabra has several courses dedicated to game development: in order not to miscalculate the choice, it is better to study the program of each in advance. Source: codabra.org On the Algorithmics website, you can learn about the features of the classes: they take place on a special learning platform that allows you to learn at your own pace, but at the same time actively interact with other students. Source: algoritmika.org
Reviews about the school. I recommend studying reviews on third-party resources: in 2GIS, Otzovik, Advisor: this will allow you to learn not only about the advantages of the school, but also about its shortcomings.
In addition to the work of teachers, pay attention to how the interaction with managers works. Sometimes parents like what and how they teach in courses, but they are completely dissatisfied with the service – technical support does not respond to problems, managers do not explain well how to pay for classes: all this can also affect the comfort of the learning process.
This is a Geekbrains profile on the review service. You can already find your bearings here, but it is better to read all the reviews. Source: otzovik.ru The main thing is to read the details, and not just pay attention to the “asterisks”. Sometimes a negative review arises due to a banal misunderstanding, and a positive one is published after the first trial lesson – it is difficult to judge long-term prospects by it. Source: mooc.ru
Also study the reviews of former teachers: they can draw the attention of parents to problems and difficulties that are not visible from the side of the parent and student.
For example, a former Codabra teacher scolded the school for the way classes were organized and the work of methodologists was organized. At the same time, the founder of the school answered him in a separate post and tried to explain the problems in the work of the school: public correspondence helps to understand in detail the organization’s work system and understand whether such an approach to teaching a child likes or not.
Terms of payment. Some schools allow you to pay for courses not in full, but for one lesson. In this case, pay attention to the time of the lesson for which prices are indicated on the site: usually this is the cost per hour, and classes often last two hours.
Programming schools often allow you to pay for classes with the help of maternity capital, but you should check with managers before starting classes.
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Attend a trial lesson. All schools have them, but they are arranged differently. For example, in Geekbrains and Codland, a trial lesson is free of charge, and in Coddy, they offer to pay for one lesson as a test, so far without a subscription.
Before a trial lesson, find out who is conducting it: the teacher or the manager. The first option is preferable: after a lesson with a manager, it will be difficult to understand how the courses are actually taught.
Sometimes trial lessons just show how the work works, and sometimes they help to identify the interests of the child: this is useful if the student is not completely sure about the choice of the course.
After the trial session, ask your child if they liked the exercises and the teacher, if it was difficult or, conversely, too easy. If in doubt, it is better to go to trial classes at other schools and compare impressions.
Try summer intensive or short courses. Programming schools hold intensives during summer and other school holidays. The topics of the courses may vary — they are brighter and more popular than regular classes: for example, in Codabra in the summer they could learn how to shoot short videos for Tiktok, and in Coddy, the guys tried to draw anime-style illustrations.
/list/chemu-nauchitsya-za-kanikuly/
Children’s camps where they will learn how to cook, program and make movies
You can also try short courses of up to 10 lessons – they will take two months, the child will quickly achieve the first results, and the parent will understand how useful and interesting it is for the child.
On weekends, Coddy offers free master classes: where a child can achieve the first results and understand if he likes programming. Source: coddyschool.com
What to pay attention to during classes
Usually a child experiences courage and pleasure from the first lessons, but a little later the wow effect disappears, and the tasks become more difficult and there is no longer a desire to study further. This is normal: if contact is established with the teacher and the child feels comfortable in class, the adaptation period will not last long.
But sometimes a child’s refusal to study can also signal other problems: for example, boring lessons or conflicts with a teacher. To figure out what exactly is the reason for the child’s unwillingness to continue classes and whether it is worth going to courses further, I recommend paying attention to several parameters.
Whether the child wants to program. It happens that a child simply does not fit the program of a particular course: for example, it turned out that programming games is not as fun as playing them. In such a situation, you can offer the child to go to trial classes of other programs or ask the teacher to give assignments on other topics – in order to identify the interests of the child and figure out which course is best for him.
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English, programming and logic: 9educational online games for children
How is the relationship with the teacher. Pay particular attention to this item in both individual and group sessions. In a group, a child can communicate with peers, but the teacher still remains the core and main source of information and support. If the teacher pays little attention to the child, ignores his questions, insults him, then complain to the manager, and also demand to organize a direct conversation where you can ask questions and sort out the problem.
The child may also have problems due to an unusual communication style. In some schools, for example in Codabra, teachers do not complain to parents about absenteeism or the child’s behavior, but sort these problems out with the student himself. If a child is not accustomed to an open dialogue about a problem, then he may perceive this as criticism and attack.
How technical support works. At the start of classes, technical problems may periodically arise: while parents and the child are not yet familiar with the platform on which the classes are held, or with the necessary programs. Ideally, the support service should respond instantly, but if there are many calls, then a delay of several minutes is possible. If technical support takes a long time to respond or cannot solve the problem, contact the manager – technical support is always included in the cost of the lesson.
What results does the child achieve. Evaluating the results is not easy if you don’t understand how programming works. When the child makes the first game, you will understand his strength, but this will happen in a few months, and mini-projects may seem formulaic and simple. Ask the teacher to explain to you how to properly evaluate the results – what to look for and how to understand them.
Attend class yourself, at least occasionally. So you will understand how easily the child copes, see the work of the teacher and feel the atmosphere in the lesson.
Remember
When choosing courses, it is most important to focus on the interests, goals and age of the child.
When choosing a specific online school, pay attention to the teaching experience of teachers and the requirements for students — your child may need to improve their English before classes.
Sign your child up for a trial lesson, but be prepared to pay for it.
Attend some of the classes so it will be easier for you to understand what you are paying for and how hard it is for your child to study.
Pay attention to the relationship between the child and the teacher – interest and involvement strongly depend on them.
TOP-25 Programming Courses for Kids [08.2022]
There is no doubt that programming and IT is one of the most promising career paths in the 21st century. But along with great opportunities comes high competition. To succeed in this industry, it is better to start training already in childhood, especially since today children can also learn relevant skills online. We have prepared for you a selection of the best programming schools and courses for children.
08/22/2022 Updated
We have updated our rating and updated all the information for 2022. We update all information once a week.
Top 7 Schools for Beginners in 2022
Read also:
Free online courses. TOP 100 in 2022
The same courses, but in more detail:
Contents
Top 7 Schools for Beginners in 2022
Same courses, but more:
Journey to a successful future
Education for the present and future
Teaching children to code and make games
Scratch lessons
Entering IT: helping you master the digital world
International school for young children from 4 to 18 years
Learn to code already at school
Online course on programming for children and teenagers
Courses from other sites:
Free courses
FAQ
Summary
1
Journey to a successful future
GeekSchool
Summer Promotion Get discounts up to 50% 👈 We guarantee employment – or reinter the money Discounts are available by professions in directions: 🍓 Marking 🍓 Design 🍓 Development according to the unique methodology of “KESPA”; – assistance in finding employment; – portfolio projects.
Duration: from 3 to 15 months, depends on the course;
Cost: from 18,000 ₽, or 12,600 ₽ with a discount;
Age: 7-17 years;
Format: theory, practical tasks;
Certificate of completion: certificate.
GO TO SITE
Destinations
The site offers several educational programs for children of different ages (first graders, junior high school students, high school students), which will help to explore the following areas:
Python.
Scratch.
JavaScript.
Artificial intelligence.
How will you study?
Groups up to 15 people.
Developed community of students.
Lots of practice and project work.
Teamwork and communication: quizzes, competitions, discussions.
Benefits
Several courses to choose from for students of all ages
Strong experts teach
Lessons in the format of live webinars
Interesting practical tasks
Support of a mentor and methodologists
Discounts, installments, tax deductions, payment by maternity capital
Shortcomings
Not detected
GeekSchool courses:
Python Programming Fundamentals is a solid curriculum for children aged 11-17. During the training, children will understand the basics of programming, the structure of web applications, and begin to write their first programs. They will study linear algorithms, branches, loops, functions, arrays, HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, Flask, Jinja2, databases and CRUD, SQLite, will be able to independently create and deploy applications on the server.
Basics of Web Development – the curriculum is also designed for teenagers 11-17 years old. In 3 months, students will learn how to set up the environment, create HTML pages, work with tags, tables, hyperlinks, tag attributes, learn the style sheet, cascading, block model, JavaScript, Bootstrap.
Minecraft: Python Programming is a program for students aged 11-14. Main topics: variables, math, strings, booleans, if construct, while loop, functions, lists, dictionaries, tuples, multithreading, object-oriented programming. Learning in a playful way using the example of Minecraft makes the learning process exciting and interesting.
Web design: creating sites in Tilda, Figma, Readymag – a curriculum for children aged 11-17 with a finished project in the portfolio.
2
Education for the present and future
SkySmart (Codium)
Duration: flexible;
Cost: from 799 ₽ per lesson;
Age: from 7 years old;
Format: video lessons with a tutor, practical tasks, tests;
Certificate of completion: not declared.
GO TO SITE
Destinations
The school offers many courses to choose from. There is a gradation according to the level of preparation of the child: for beginners, students with basic and advanced knowledge, gamers.
So, for beginners from scratch, useful basic digital literacy courses are offered for different operating systems – MacOS, Windows, Scratch base, game development base on Construct 3.
Enthusiastic gamers will be able to enroll in a course on Roblox, App Inventor, Thunkable, creating games in Minecraft.
Students who have a basic knowledge of programming will be able to deepen them in courses on Python, mobile application development and websites.
For advanced young programmers, a Python course is also recommended, as well as programs for working with Unity and Unreal Engine game engines.
Training
Learning in a browser, all information on one tab: video chat with a teacher, practical tasks, tests.
Individual training program.
Many practical tasks, work on projects.
Teacher feedback, progress tracking.
Lesson lasts 50 minutes.
Advantages
There is a free introductory lesson
Courses for different ages and levels of knowledge
Discounts for packaged lessons
Disadvantages
No certificate of completion, although much more important – acquired knowledge, ready-made projects
SkySmart training programs:
Website development course is designed for students aged 12-18. In the process, the child will be able to learn HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and also complete 2 full-fledged projects for their portfolio – a resume generator, a T-shirt store.
Curriculum Programming in Python is suitable for children aged 10-18. Step by step, students will understand the basic terms and concepts, begin to perform practical tasks, moving on to more complex topics.
Digital Literacy Course for Windows for kids just getting started with the digital world. It will help you learn how to create presentations, spreadsheets, work with office programs, learn the basics of video editing, and also learn the principles of cybersecurity.
3
Teaching children to code and make games
XYZ Junior
XYZ School has a new promotion – up to 50% discounts on all courses and annual programs. The discount is valid until June 28 – there is time to choose the right direction in training. This is your chance to master a sought-after profession and get into game development – XYZ has training in 2D, 3D, game design, programming, special effects and business. Some courses will start soon. You can find the same one at the link.
Duration: 14-29 months, program dependent;
Cost: 91 760 ₽ — 232 800 ₽, depends on the program;
Format: group online lectures, practical tasks;
Age: 7-17 years old;
Certificate of completion: not declared.
GO TO SITE
Destinations
Game development, game design in Roblox Studio.
Programming in MineCraft.
Programming, game development in Unity.
Training
Group lessons with a teacher (up to 10 people in a group), lasting 2 hours.
Gamification of the educational process.
Several courses to choose from, the ability to switch to another direction.
Parallel study of English in the field of IT.
Development of flexible skills: the ability to speak in public, work in a team, logic, creative thinking.
Chats with teachers, classmates, support for solving any educational and organizational issues.
Benefits
Interest-free installments, discounts
Development of not only applied programming skills, but also flexible competencies
A lot of practice, work on projects
Disadvantages
Less attention is paid to the child in mini-groups than in individual lessons
Training programs from XYZ Junior:
On the Roblox course, in 14 months a child will learn how to create their own games, universes, master Lua programming, and also learn the basics of composition, working with color, that is, they will receive a knowledge base on game design.
Minecraft Core Curriculum is 29 months long. During this time, the child will learn the JavaScript language and be able to use it to program games, learn how to create game characters, improve school knowledge in mathematics and English.
On the course on working with the Unity engine, the child will be able to create artificial intelligence, several games in C #, and improve their teamwork skills.
4
Scratch 9 Lessons0271
Study at home
Duration: lessons of 30 minutes, total 64 lessons;
Cost: from 720 ₽ per session;
Age: 7-10 years;
Format: online tutoring;
Certificate of completion: certificate.
GO TO SITE
Direction
Learning the Scratch language.
Training
Individual lessons with a teacher.
Interactive presentation of material.
Automatic homework check.
Monitoring progress for parents: regular reports, open lessons are held periodically.
Individual learning path.
Flexible schedules.
Advantages
Individual approach and maximum attention to the child
There is a free introductory lesson
Discounts for packaged lessons
Disadvantages
One direction only
5
Enter IT: helping you master the digital world
Foxford
Duration: optional;
Cost: depends on the exchange rate;
Age: 6-18 years;
Format: webinars, recorded courses;
Certificate of completion: not declared.
GO TO SITE
Destinations
Educational programs of different levels of complexity for children of different ages (preschoolers, schoolchildren, adolescents) in such areas as programming, creating games, websites, animations.
Training
Training in the form of live broadcasts or recorded lessons.
Emphasis on practical knowledge, work on projects.
Convenient selection of courses by age and skill level.
Parent progress report.
Benefits
There is a free trial lesson
Installment plan, very nice discounts for registered courses
Many courses to choose from
Disadvantages
The child will not receive as much attention as with individual training
FoxFord courses:
Data Science (Machine Learning in Python) – a recorded course of 24 lessons, designed for grades 7-11. With its help, children will learn Python programming, data processing, learn the basic machine learning algorithms, libraries for building ML models.
At the Algorithmic Course for Grade 1 , students will receive a fundamental base in mathematics, computer science, and will develop logical and algorithmic thinking.
Server administration in Minecraft is a curriculum for high school, which provides such universal knowledge as setting up hosting, installing a server core, plugins, and skills in working with an FTP client.
6
International School for young children from 4 to 18 years of age
CODDY
Duration: depends on the course;
Cost: depends on the exchange rate;
Age: 3-16 years;
Format: in person or online;
Certificate of completion: certificate.
GO TO SITE
Destinations
Fundamentals of programming in Python, JavaScript, Java, HTML, CSS, game development. Education starts already from preschool age, but there are many courses for older children. At the same time, the school actively cooperates with universities, in particular with the VMK of Moscow State University. Lomonosov, in the development of their courses.
Training
Lessons for 2 hours, 1 or 2 times a week.
Small groups up to 8 people.
Programs are age-appropriate.
On the site you can check the availability of branches in the city.
Benefits
Face-to-face training possible in the offices of real IT companies
Maximum practice
Disadvantages
Not all courses are available online
7
Learn to program already at school
Yandex Academy Lyceum
Duration: 2 years;
Cost: free of charge, with student selection;
Age: Grade 8-10;
Format: in person and remotely in 162 cities;
Certificate of completion: certificate.
GO TO SITE
Destinations
A solid 2-year program has been developed. During this time, students will learn how to program in Python, as well as master industrial programming.
Training
Due to the Covid situation, education can be conducted remotely, but the Lyceum is specialized in full-time education.
Lessons twice a week.
Groups up to 17 people.
Advantages
Free and solid education
Strong teachers
Disadvantages
No full-fledged online format, you need to have an offline platform in your city, you can check the address on the website
Strict competitive selection (testing, interview), you need to devote about 8 hours per week to training
8
Online programming course for children and teenagers
Hedu
Duration: 20 lessons;
Cost: 32 thousand rubles;
Format: webinars, practical RDs;
Age: middle and high school students;
Certificate of completion: certificate.
GO TO SITE
Destinations
The course is aimed at giving children general knowledge of computer science, introducing them to popular programming languages: HTML, CSS, PHP, SQL (MySQL), Java.
How will you study?
Webinar training. All recordings of classes are saved, they can be viewed in your personal account.
Practical homework, interactive tests with expert verification.
Accompanying experts and course coordinators at all stages of training.
Protection of the final project.
Benefits
Completion of the portfolio with the final project.
There is an installment plan
Ability to communicate with a mentor
Disadvantages
No individual approach to the student
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Rates from other sites:
Codabra Online School offers several areas of learning programming for children aged 7-17: Python, Unity, Minecraft, Roblox and Scratch, there are also separate training programs for the development of games, applications, websites, digital design.
Programming courses in Python, Java, C for schoolchildren at the Specialist training center at the Moscow State Technical University. Bauman is a great option for those who want to prepare for admission to a university. There is a large selection of training programs at different levels, you can study full-time or remotely.
At IT Future Online school specializes in private 1 on 1 lessons with a teacher. The school works with traditional areas: Scratch, Minecraft, programming sites and web services, game development, web design. There are also courses on 3D modeling, video editing, video blogging.
Children from 5 years old are accepted to the Shkodish programming school. In individual lessons, children will be able to get basic computer literacy, master the Microsoft office suite, as well as Scratch, Kodu Game Lab, Python, and learn how to make websites.
Children from 5 to 15 years old attend the Codim School. It offers age-adapted learning paths that allow you to master the necessary base, gradually moving on to more complex topics – block programming, coding, robotics, graphic design, 3D.
The RobX platform specializes in robotics. There are traditional courses on Minecraft, Scratch, as well as specialized courses on the basics of electronics with Microbit boards, game development on the Arduboy console, creating an autonomous vehicle in the Duckietown gym, parametric modeling, C ++ programming.
Algorithmika is an international network of educational institutions that provides a foundation not only for programming, but also for mathematics. It implements both online and face-to-face training with centers in 300 cities. There are courses on computer literacy, visual programming, blogging, graphic and game design, game and website development, Python development. In addition, there is a separate department of mathematics with courses for different age groups, including discrete mathematics.
The Moscow School of Programmers offers comprehensive IT training and fundamental programming knowledge for 3 years. The school has been operating for more than 20 years, its students have repeatedly become winners of Olympiads and world champions in robotics. The training center cooperates with the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, the Higher School of Economics, and the Phystechpark.
EasyPro Academy is an online school with a personalized approach. The child is engaged with his personal tutor. There are several popular areas to choose from: Python, Scratch, Java, JavaScript, Unity, Roblox Studio, Django. Based on the results of the training, he will be able to receive both a universal knowledge base and career guidance: Python or Java developer, web programmer, etc.
RoboLab’s Unity course provides kids ages 12-17 with an excellent knowledge base on game development. Training takes place in mini-groups in the format of webinars. Students will study in detail the interface of the game engine, the basics of C # programming, the principles and paradigms of OOP (object-oriented programming), and will gain practical experience in creating a shooter and platformer.
The Pixel Children’s School offers both individual and group lessons. The site specializes in teaching programming and robotics. In addition to online courses at Pixel, children can also improve their knowledge in the format of a summer school, online camp, face-to-face lessons in Moscow and other cities of the country.
Codemika teaches children throughout the school – from grades 1 to 11. The main goal of the platform is to give the child fundamental knowledge of IT technologies and prepare him for admission to a specialized university. Spotlight on Scratch, Python, Java.
Z-Mind is another programming school that combines different formats: individual and group courses, the ability to study at home. In addition to standard areas and game development, there are interesting curricula for creating bots for Telegram or Vk, as well as for finding vulnerabilities and building information security as part of the White Hacker course.
On the ProgKids platform, you can sign up for individual lessons with a teacher or choose an independent learning format in which the child will learn from video lectures and instructions without the help of a mentor.
Hello World School specializes in personalized learning. A free trial lesson is offered to determine the level and interests of the future student, to choose the best program.
On the Python course from Tut Good, the child will be able to master one of the most popular and promising programming languages with a personal mentor, create their first scripts and technological projects – a blog, a robot.
A small computer academy at the TOP center aims to give the child universal skills that will definitely come in handy in the future. For children aged 9-12, a course has been developed that teaches them to perceive a computer not as an entertainment gadget, but as a tool for development and creativity. The guys will get website building skills on WIX, Canva, HTML5, CSS, master LEGO robotics, learn how to create gadgets on Arduino. This course also includes a module on 3D modeling, designing virtual worlds. Students will create their own 2D games on the Unity engine, gain the skills of a game designer with the ability to create two-dimensional and three-dimensional animations, short cartoons. But that’s not all. Also, the guys get a base on development (Kodu, Construct3, Python), designing and prototyping mobile applications with augmented reality, learn how to create and promote video content on Youtube, will be able to program a microcontroller on Micro:bit, get acquainted with photo and video editors, master photo / video tools processing, artificial intelligence technologies, neural networks, big data.
The educational plan for 13-14 years old largely duplicates these modules, but provides in-depth knowledge on the topic.
The Credo platform offers courses in the most popular areas: a basic Scratch course for children aged 7-12, website development (from 9 years old), Python and Java (from 10 years old). These curricula will help you master the universal knowledge of the developer, improve analytical and logical thinking, improve school performance, and also lay the foundation for your future profession. On the course on creating websites, the student will understand the basics of composition, typography, website designers, and layout. While studying Java, he will be able to develop algorithms, write, test and debug code, create animations, games, get acquainted with the PyCharm development environment in Python lessons and gain experience in creating his own mini-games.
Codologia is an online platform for children that works in 3 areas: computer literacy, PL, digital design. The SP faculty consists of the following modules: Python, C# + Unity, C++, Java + Android. At the Faculty of Computer Literacy, you can start learning pixel art, CoSpaces, Mit AppInventor, Scratch, Construst, Kodu. The design department teaches Gimp, Sketch Up, Blender, Krita, Inkscape, video editing and processing.
The course from the Definit platform is based on the capabilities of the Pictomir environment. The courses are suitable for children 5-8 years old who are just getting acquainted with a computer and programming. This is an excellent introduction to the topic, which will teach the rules of interaction with electronic gadgets, introduce concepts such as logic, programs and software products, algorithms, loops, operators, blocks, language syntax.
X-Lab is a unique educational format from TOP Academy aimed at the comprehensive development of a child: creativity, creativity, leadership qualities, logic, critical thinking, increasing the speed of learning and much more. There is face-to-face/online training.
The Minecraft programming curriculum from Aitigenio is designed for children from 9 years old. Graduates will learn how to develop their own objects and worlds, improve their knowledge in mathematics. Teachers try to find an approach to each child: they use exciting videos, simulators, game teaching methods. In addition, all the necessary materials are collected on a digital platform, so parents do not have to buy textbooks and manuals.
Programming Games for Kids with Scratch for Beginners on Udemy is an affordable video course that will provide skills in creating computer games and programs, understanding the basic principles of development, using a structural approach, using markup, coordinate grid, degree measure of angles and other special tools.
A 2-year general course from the Unium federal network will help you take the first step towards a prestigious profession. It will lay the fundamental foundations, understanding the principles of OOP, creating algorithms. After completing the course, students will be able to master the actual programming languages used by most modern developers of software products for computers and mobile devices, create user interfaces, understand numerous technical aspects and design work. Upon completion of the course, students will be able to create projects in Python, C# and Javascript.
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Free courses
Fundamentals of C Programming. Tasks in Stepik developed in collaboration with the YoungCoder website. It is designed for students in grades 6-7, it will clearly talk about the syntax of the language, in the course of practical work it will teach you how to solve algorithmic problems.
YouTube channel of the Pixel School, which contains a lot of practical video tutorials on creating games, programming, and preparing for state exams in computer science.
YouTube channel of the ITGenio school, in which, in addition to game development and programming language, there are also video tutorials on solving olympiad problems, special courses on learning Adobe Photoshop, After Effects, Illustrator, 3ds.
Harvard CS50 is a legendary Harvard prep course in JavaRush adaptation that can be recommended to high school students.
YouTube channel of Oleg Shpagin with a huge selection of video tutorials in different areas.
Box Island is a cool game app for learning to code.
Code.org is an international educational platform in English.
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FAQ
What is programming for children?
Naturally, a 5-year-old child cannot program a neural network or write code for an online store or landing page. To teach children programming, there are special “children’s” languages, with which kids begin their journey into the world of IT. Today, most children start learning with the Scratch language. In middle and high school, Pascal is added to them, as well as languages that are already fully used by professionals: JavaScript, Python, Java, etc. If a child learned Scratch, algorithms, development principles in childhood, it will be much easier for him to start mastering more complex, high-level languages (group C, Kotlin, etc.) and specializations as a teenager. At the same time, with a sufficient base, already at the age of 12-13, a teenager may well choose web design, Android or iOS development.
Why does a child need to learn programming?
Programming skills are called the “new literacy” for a reason. The ability to handle digital, Internet technologies is an indispensable skill in 2022 and in the 21st century as a whole. Without it, it will be much more difficult for a child to succeed in the future. IT professions are one of the most promising career paths and it is unlikely that this will change in the coming decades. In addition, knowledge of the PL today is also necessary for many other specialists: analysts, marketers, scientists, representatives of the medical and construction industries. But learning programming languages in childhood is not only a contribution to a future career. This is a huge contribution to the overall development of the individual. Here are just a few examples: 1. Motivation to study. When a child learns mathematical and physical formulas at school, he most often has no idea where and how he can apply them. Therefore, he does not really want to study them. Programming teaches you to solve specific problems with a clear result. The same knowledge in mathematics and physics in this industry finds its specific application. And often in an interesting game form. It is worth adding to this the English language, which is an indispensable skill of a modern developer – and we get the result: programming will help to interest the child in several subjects from the school curriculum at once. 2. Development of logical, analytical thinking. To create even a simple program or game, a child needs to build logical chains, think through the sequence of actions. On such tasks, children learn to analyze events, structure thoughts, organize their actions and tasks, and find relationships. 3. Self-realization and creativity. Many parents today worry about the fact that their children are constantly sitting on TikTok, other social networks or spending hours playing online games. You are unlikely to be able to overcome this interest, but directing it in a creative direction is quite realistic. Agree, creating your own game with unique mechanics, drawing a character is much more fun than just a game. And so the child will be able to combine his hobby with development. 4. Creative thinking. Development is not only technical knowledge and strict logic. The implementation of any task has several solutions. Therefore, this activity also teaches the child extraordinary and non-linear thinking, the search for different solutions.
At what age to learn programming?
Small children learn new things much easier and faster, so you should not delay the start of learning. Most of the training centers offer an initial course for children 6-7 years old, but if you wish, you can also find schools that deal with the smallest – from 3-5 years old. Most importantly, choose a pace and intensity that is comfortable for the child. The basic programming skill forms the foundations on which the child will then begin to build his career guidance. So, if you think that IT is only for adults, change your mind and enroll your child in courses as soon as possible.
How to choose a school or programming courses for a child?
In this article, you will be able to evaluate a large list of training centers and online sites, which is sure to have what you need. I will tell you about the important nuances of the choice: 1. Format of training (online, face-to-face, group or 1 on 1 classes, webinars, workshops, video lectures, etc.). You know your child and can understand which option will be more effective for him. Someone likes to communicate and will be more motivated in group classes, other children are shy and feel more comfortable either in individual lessons or without a teacher at all. Also in our selection, we focused on online platforms, although there are schools in the ranking that offer a blended learning format. If you are inclined to offline, then we recommend that you pay attention to the Engineering Institute of the Moscow State Technical University. N.E. Bauman with excellent opportunities for further admission or the CrushPro school. If you’re not sure what to choose, testing out multiple formats helps. Fortunately, many schools have begun to provide free access to one or more lessons. Try it and your child will tell you which option he likes best. 2. Read reviews. Beautiful promises and a stylish website design do not always correlate with the professional work of the school, so be sure to read what alumni write on independent sites. 3. Direction. Programming is a very general term for a wide range of specializations. After the child receives basic knowledge on the topic and computer literacy skills (working with the office suite, the ability to make presentations in PowerPoint, protect their personal data), you should think about choosing the direction of coding. It can be website development, mobile development for Android or iOS, Game Development, Web design, cyber security, etc. Typically, such courses are selected based on the interests of the child. But if he himself has not yet decided, you can try several routines or test lessons. You need to understand that the directions are very different. So, game developers will learn Unity engines, Unreal Engine, Game Maker, PyGame modules, while the future front-end developer will master HTML, CSS, and JavaScript layout.
Read also:
Learning to program in C++. TOP 20 Online Courses + 10 Free Courses
Summarizing
The requirements for IT professionals are constantly growing. If 5 years ago a semester was enough to study the minimum base for employment at the lowest level in the company, today employers expect much more from newcomers. In our selection, we have collected a variety of courses: elementary, advanced, intensive, optional.
You can find the best option, get trained and get a professional qualification. If you want your child not to spend years in universities, but to get a promising skill with which you can quickly start earning money, start your own business, these courses will be a great start.
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Online programming courses for kids ⭐ Digital Academy
Well
School
Rating
Price
Installment plan
Duration
Link
First steps in development
Geek Brains
83.2
43 200 ₽
–
11 months
School website
Computer literacy
Geek Brains
83.2
21 000 ₽
1 750 ₽/month
4 months
School website
Online Programming Course for Beginners
Onskills
56. 0
1 900 ₽
–
1 month
School website
Programming for the little ones
CODDY
0.0
750 ₽
–
10 months
School website
Fundamentals of programming and algorithms
CODDY
0.0
750 ₽
–
–
School website
web mastering
CODDY
0.0
750 ₽
–
–
School website
Online Programming Course for Kids and Teens
HEDU (IRS.academy)
0.0
32 000 ₽
–
1 month
School website
Python programming for kids
Pixel
0. 0
3 500 ₽
–
–
School website
Creation of sites in HTML, CSS, JavaScript for children
Pixel
0.0
3 500 ₽
–
–
School website
Programmer
Rebotica
0.0
59 940 ₽
–
–
School website
Game developer
Rebotica
0.0
59 940 ₽
–
–
School website
Programming in Python
Foxford
0.0
4 430 ₽
–
6 months
School website
Programming is one of the skills of the future. RBC Trends analyzed the new forecasts of Russian and foreign futurologists at the end of 2021 and came to the conclusion that in a few years the ability to code may come in handy even for journalists or linguists. For example, such combo professions as “data journalist” or “digital linguist” will appear.
Source: www.pexels.com
And in Russia, according to the estimates of the Ministry of Digital Development, there is a catastrophic shortage of IT specialists: the market lacks at least 500,000 workers in various areas of information technology. This means that programming skills will be in demand for many more years and it makes sense to learn this already at school. That is why programming courses for children appeared.
When and how to start teaching programming to children
The ability to write code in the near future may become as much a skill as the ability to read or write. Therefore, a child can start mastering the code quite early. There are courses adapted for kids 4-5 years old.
Source: www.pexels.com
Courses are divided into age groups, because there are peculiarities of information perception and memorization at different ages. The younger the child, the more his learning is like a game. Also, all course producers try to develop programs with a clear goal, for example, to learn how to create a cartoon or a game, an application or a website. So it is easier for the child to maintain motivation and to reach the final of the program with interest.
Will my child be successful in his professional life because he started coding at the age of 5? Of course, there is no definite answer here. It is difficult to keep a child’s constant interest in something. Rather, we are talking about a useful activity, the fruits of which will help your specialist of the future to better understand the profession and adapt to the new world.
Read also:
Financial literacy courses for children
Oksana Guler
5 min.
Today a child can start his way in IT in different directions: learn programming languages in general or with an emphasis on a specific language, master web design, game development or robotics.
At the basic programming courses your child will learn to:
think like a developer and turn any task into a team;
write code in Python, JavaScript or C#;
work in some frameworks and libraries.
If your child likes to spend a lot of time on the computer or gadgets, programming can be a great and rewarding hobby for him. Below we talk about courses that will help him take his first steps in development.
A selection of programming courses for children
First steps in development
The course is designed for schoolchildren 7-10 years old. During the training in the first module, your child will learn about the device of a computer, learn to work with basic programs: mail, Word, Excel, Internet applications. In the second module, your future developer will get acquainted with the world of programming and learn how to create games and cartoons in Scratch. The third module is dedicated to programming in Minecraft.
Duration of training 11 months, 46 lessons in the program. At the end of each module, your child will defend the final project: a presentation in PowerPoint, a game, a game block in Minecraft.
Tuition for the course:
43 200 ₽
Difficulty level
for newbies
Duration
11 months
Demo access
Yes
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
Yes
Feedback
yes, from the teacher
document at the end
certificate
Go to course page
Computer literacy
Classes will be interesting for children from 8 to 10 years old. Course participants will learn how to work with a graphic editor, mail and cloud storage. Also, children will be told how to make working at the computer safe and how to find useful information on the Internet.
The program consists of 4 thematic modules and is designed for 4 months.
Tuition for the course:
21 000 ₽
Installment:
1 750 ₽ ×
12 months
Difficulty level
for newbies
Duration
4 months
Demo access
No
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
Yes
Feedback
Yes
Go to course page
Online Programming Course for Beginners
The course is useful for novice programmers, students, schoolchildren and beginners. You will learn how to create websites in HTML, CSS and JavaScript. You will understand how to set up a server and build teamwork.
The program lasts 15 days and consists of 18 lessons. The course includes lessons: “The float property” and “Why do we need React?”. At the end of the course, you will pass a test and receive a certificate.
Tuition for the course:
1 900 ₽
Difficulty level
for newbies
Duration
1 month
Demo access
No
Learning Format
webinar
Hometasks
yes + tests
Feedback
yes, from the teacher
Internship
No
Help in finding a job
No
document at the end
certificate
Go to course page
Programming for the little ones
The course is suitable for kids 4-6 years old who can already be without parents for some time and are passionate about games on their phone or tablet. On the course, your child will learn how to program in Scratch, create their own mini-games and cartoons, work with graphics and sounds. Your future programmer will try teamwork and improve their counting and reading skills.
Training lasts from 10 months and is divided into 10 modules. The duration of training depends on the chosen tariff: you can study individually or in a group, online on weekdays and weekends, offline on weekends or according to an individual schedule.
Tuition per hour:
Difficulty level
for newbies
Duration
10 months
Demo access
No
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
No
Feedback
yes, from the teacher
document at the end
certificate
Go to course page
Fundamentals of programming and algorithms
The course is adapted for students aged 5-7. Your child will start learning object-oriented programming and start coding in CoffeeScript, a simplified version of JavaScript. And he will also understand the basics of digital literacy and safe use of the Internet.
Training lasts 3 months. The duration of training depends on the chosen tariff: you can study individually or in a group, online on weekdays and weekends, offline on weekends or according to an individual schedule.
Tuition per hour:
Difficulty level
for newbies
Demo access
No
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
Yes
Feedback
yes, from the teacher
document at the end
certificate
Go to course page
web mastering
The course is designed for children aged 11-14. Your child will master HTML, JavaScript, PHP, CSS and learn how to create beautiful and functional websites. Also on the course, students will deal with the algorithm and the creation of sites in practice, independently create an interactive image gallery and publish their project on the Internet. And also get acquainted with web layout tools.
Training lasts 3 months. At the end of the course, your future webmaster will make a graduation project – a website based on a ready-made design layout.
Tuition per hour:
Difficulty level
for newbies
Demo access
No
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
No
Feedback
yes, from the teacher
document at the end
certificate
Go to course page
Online Programming Course for Kids and Teens
The course is suitable for middle and high school students, including those planning to become programmers. Your child will understand the basics of web development, learn HTML, CSS, PHP and MySQL. And also get acquainted with the Java programming language.
The training lasts 20 hours and includes 20 lessons. At the end of each lesson, your child will do homework to reinforce what they have learned. Classes are online and available for recording. The school also offers a VIP rate with individual lessons and feedback from the teacher.
Tuition for the course:
32 000 ₽
Difficulty level
for newbies
Duration
1 month
Demo access
No
Learning Format
video lessons
Hometasks
No
Feedback
No
Internship
No
Help in finding a job
No
document at the end
certificate
Go to course page
Python programming for kids
The course is adapted for children and teenagers aged 10-14. Your child will gain basic Python programming skills, deal with conditionals and mathematical functions. And he will also learn how to make useful applications, for example, a calculator.
The course includes 12 lessons that take place online and are available in the recording. At the end of the course, each student defends the final project in the form of a project in Python.
Subscription fee:
3 500 ₽
Difficulty level
for newbies
Demo access
Yes
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
Yes
Feedback
Yes
Internship
No
Help in finding a job
No
document at the end
certificate
Go to course page
Creation of sites in HTML, CSS, JavaScript for children
The course is suitable for children and adolescents aged 12 and over. In the first module, your child will learn the basics of web development and master HTML and CSS. In the second module, a block on programming in JavaScript awaits him. In the final module, your future web developer will understand the ReactJS library and develop his own high-speed one-page website.
The course consists of 36 lessons and is divided into 3 modules. In each module, your child will do homework to reinforce the material.
Subscription fee:
3 500 ₽
Difficulty level
for newbies
Demo access
Yes
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
Yes
Feedback
Yes
Internship
No
Help in finding a job
No
document at the end
certificate
Go to course page
Programmer
The course is designed for children and adolescents aged 8-16. The course teaches basic and advanced programming, working with Tkinter, games and chat bots.
The course program contains 7 modules, as well as the creation of projects and their presentation. The lesson plan is drawn up taking into account the individual schedule, and the program itself adapts to the interests of the student.
Tuition for the course:
59 940 ₽
Difficulty level
for newbies
Demo access
Yes
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
Yes
Feedback
Yes
Internship
No
Help in finding a job
No
document at the end
No
Go to course page
Game developer
The course is designed for children and adolescents aged 8-16. The course will teach you how to work with the Roblox platform and the Unity platform, create and test games. Also, course instructors will tell you how to create objects, work out special effects and write scripts for character interaction with the environment.
The Roblox Platform Training contains 6 modules and the Unity Platform Training contains 4 modules. The program includes practice, the lesson plan is drawn up taking into account the individual schedule, and the program itself adapts to the interests of the student.
Tuition for the course:
59 940 ₽
Difficulty level
for newbies
Demo access
Yes
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
Yes
Feedback
Yes
Internship
No
Help in finding a job
No
document at the end
No
Go to course page
Programming in Python
The course is suitable for students who want to learn Python. In the classroom, your child will get acquainted with the syntax of the Python language and create their first programs, learn to work with the libraries time, random, turtle. He will also be able to create his own chat bot using the telegram API, openweathermap for telegrams and discord.
Training lasts 1 academic year and includes 24 lessons. After each lesson, your child will complete homework to reinforce the material. Classes are online and available for recording.
Tuition per month:
4 430 ₽
Difficulty level
for newbies
Duration
6 months
Demo access
Yes
Learning Format
online
Hometasks
Yes
Feedback
yes, from the teacher
document at the end
No
Go to course page
Read also:
Robotics courses for children: opening the door to the world of programming
Oksana Guler
5 min.
Our children will live in a world where being able to code will probably be as important as knowing English is now. Therefore, today teaching children to program is an excellent reserve for the future.
Why programming is the new literacy and why teaching it to children
The ability to program is as important as the ability to read. These are the requirements of the market and the new world. We analyze the HSE report “Universal Competences and the New Literacy” and explain why and how to teach a child to program
Computer literacy skills help anyone to solve everyday and professional tasks. According to a study by the Open University of Israel, programming stimulates creative thinking and forms the ability to learn. The authors of the report “Universal Competences and the New Literacy” compare the development of computer literacy with the stages of development of literacy as the ability to read, write and count.
There are two stages in the history of literacy:
In the first stage, the text becomes part of the infrastructure. They occupy a central place in people’s lives. The text was used as a tool for creating laws and developing strategies. This is especially true of land laws, which began to be drawn up in the form of written texts instead of personal certificates.
In the second stage, the text becomes an integral part of everyday life. Through mass literacy campaigns since the 19th century, most people have learned to write and read. Literacy helped to access information in newspapers describing events, leaflets with recommendations for farmers and accounts to track debts. The more people mastered the skills of reading and writing, the more widespread literacy was to become.
Computers first become part of the infrastructure when they are used by the government for the census. Universities, airlines and the banking sector have been using computers since the 1950s. Around the 1980s, computers became available to most people, and knowledge about computers began to penetrate from the fields of narrow specialists into the lives of ordinary people. People were more likely to use computers when contacting hospitals, organizing government administration data, and managing education.
Then computers become a part of life. The ability to write a simple program or code is gradually becoming a basic skill. Programming and computational thinking expand the possibilities and become a mandatory requirement for any specialist – from a physicist to a journalist. The ability to read and understand computer code is becoming more in demand, so programming is moving from specialized knowledge to universal literacy. This is the literacy of using modern tools of communication and work – computers. And if this is an aspect of literacy, then it needs to be developed from childhood.
Programming develops computational thinking. This is a set of techniques for solving problems in computer science, but applicable in any field. For example, computational science helps in education. A special platform collects data on student activities. Using the data, the teacher tracks underperforming tasks in order to create a new curriculum.
Computational thinking teaches you to formulate a problem, look for a solution and analyze it. Programming is part of the computational mindset and the most efficient way to master it. For example, before programming, we analyze and break the task into subtasks. Programming concretizes computational thinking and can become a tool for gaining knowledge.
The four main components of computational thinking
(Photo: Krauss, Prottsman 2016)
Jean Piaget, a constructivist pedagogical ideologue, proposed the idea that children learn faster when they form their own ideas about what they see and draw their own conclusions, and not when they are told how they should perceive the world. Children are not passive recipients of knowledge, but on the contrary, they construct it themselves.
Seymour Papert, a programmer and one of the founders of the theory of artificial intelligence, added: effective learning occurs when a student creates an object that is meaningful to him, be it a sand castle or a theory. Constructionism combines two types of construction: children construct things in the real world and construct new ideas in their heads. Two types of construction create a continuous learning spiral: when a child has new ideas, he constructs new things in the real world. Programming helps children bring these ideas to life.
Through programming, the child develops computational thinking. Computational thinking helps children develop problem-solving skills, creative thinking, learning and collaboration skills.
Develops problem solving skills
Programming and computational thinking help children learn network relationships: communicate in chats, video conferences, social networks. When solving complex problems, children use four main components of computational thinking: decomposition, pattern extraction, automation, and abstraction.
Teaching children to code is not about becoming programmers in the future. The goal of programming is to prepare children for computational thinking, which will help them confidently cope with complex problems of the 21st century that have no unique solution.
Children will be able to apply “computational” approaches in different contexts and disciplines. If a child has learned to decompose a large problem into small fragments, find similarities in different elements, identify and eliminate insignificant details, build fragments into a single algorithm to obtain a result, he will be able to solve problems in any discipline.
Economics of education
Heads of IT companies on education: “Every child should become an expert”
Stimulates creative thinking
Mitch Resnick, head of the research team that developed the Scratch programming language, believes that creativity can be sustained, nurtured and stimulated.
At the computer, children consume information, play games, and only a small part of the time invent and create something of their own. The trend began to change with the proliferation of programming tools for children, such as Scratch, Alice or Kodu. With the help of such tools, children learn to create games, animations, stories and artistic elements. Programming helps to support and stimulate creativity, opens up sources of inspiration to express your ideas and reveal your personality.
MIT Media Lab Professor Mitch Resnick explains why it is important to teach children not only to read with new technologies, but also to create them
Develops the ability to learn
By learning to program, children learn to think in a new way. If the written program does not work or does not work as the child expected, he has to figure it out and come up with a solution to the problem. The child begins to understand new ideas and learns to learn.
Compared to other learning activities, programming is a gentler and gentler process. Working with code helps to learn from your mistakes and does not cause discomfort if children make them. For example, a child might cancel a command to fix a bug in the code, make edits, and try something new. Thanks to programming, children are no longer afraid of mistakes. Here’s what the mother of the girl who worked at Scratch said:
Computational participation
A child begins to appreciate learning to code when he expresses himself through a product that he can show to others. This approach is referred to as “computational participation”.
Professors Cafai and Burke described computational participation in Linked Code: Why Kids Need to Learn to Code. They believe that computational participation is about solving problems and developing intuitive systems with and for others. Exploring the cultural and social nature of human behavior using computer science concepts, practices and approaches. For example, working in groups and using other people’s codes.
Through collaborative programming, a collaborative environment can be created in the school. Programmed games or stories that a child creates can connect different children to each other.
Canadian charity The Learning Partnership leads the way in computational participation. They bring together businesses and educators to create coding education programs for primary school children
Stimulates learning motivation
In a traditional classroom, the teacher gives assignments and the students solve them. If children have intrinsic motivation to learn, this approach will work, but not for everyone. At the same time, children have almost no time and resources for self-expression. Computational participation helps solve this problem through personalization and reliance on intrinsic motivation.
Personalization. In programming, children personalize projects by “adding themselves to them. ” For example, in the Scratch program, you can add your photo and voice recording. Personalization engages in learning, makes it more interesting and motivating.
Reliance on intrinsic motivation and interests. Through programming, you can use the internal motivation of the child, and not use the system of external rewards. For example, Scratch selects individual projects to show on the homepage, instead of direct rewards in the form of points, points, or stars. Children are happy when their project is chosen. The idea behind this approach is to motivate others by giving them new ideas. The user profile does not say how many times his projects appeared on the main page, but only on how many projects the child worked on.
The usual result of programming is a project. The child immediately sees whether the program is working or not. If it doesn’t work, he tries to understand what needs to be learned to complete the project. The student is motivated, it is interesting for him to look for answers to questions to which the teacher does not know the answer, but he can definitely help find them.
According to a study on the development of computer thinking, a formal setting develops systematic thinking and approaches, while an informal setting helps children develop motivation and identify areas of interest. The ideal environment should combine both. The spread of technology blurs the boundaries between formal and non-formal education. The teacher no longer needs to “pass through himself” all educational programs – the students themselves build new connections with the world.
Professors Cafai and Burke created two learning environments to evaluate the differences between structured learning and extracurricular environments. In each of them, students created digital stories with the same teacher for ten weeks.
According to the results of the study, in the extracurricular environment, fewer children completed their projects, but made them harder and bigger. The students in the club used more creative programming skills and collaborated twice as much with their peers. At the same time, for those who are just getting acquainted with programming, a structured lesson will be more effective.
Comparison of classroom and club learning environments
The authors of the report “Universal Competences and the New Literacy” suggest supplementing the classroom with making, programming activities and trips to technology parks.
Making. Educators bring children together in extracurricular activities to create physical or digital projects – making. Creating a real product gives students an incentive to learn, the opportunity to apply knowledge in practice and understand what else needs to be mastered.
Based on the philosophy of making, schools can be created. For example, in 2011, Brightworks School was opened in San Francisco for children from 5 to 15 years old. They use a fully project-oriented approach to teaching children there. In the classroom, students make projects, for example, they build a “Children’s City”.
Programming clubs for children are being created all over the world. They are based on the CoderDojo movement, which encourages communities to create free-access programming camps called dojos. For example, in Russia there are two international free clubs run by volunteers CoderDojo and Code Club.
Programming activities. At these events, participants are given materials to teach programming lessons themselves. It remains for the teacher, parent or child to gather other children together and start learning. For example, Code.org, a non-profit organization, hosts three popular international coding events, the Hour of Code, Code Week EU, and the Bebras Challenge.
Hour of Code is an hour-long learning program designed for all ages in over 45 languages. The Hour of Code is held in 180 countries.
Code Week is a two-week event for children organized by volunteers around the world. Code Week is held in 50 countries. Almost 1 million people took part in 2016 in Europe.
The beaver competition is held every year in 38 countries for children aged 8 to 19. Under the terms of the competition, each participant is given 45 minutes to complete 18 tasks in the field of information technology. The organizers do not require special programming skills, so everyone can handle the tasks. The competition is held on the basis of schools with the support of teachers. The winners receive certificates and prizes.
Children’s technology parks. These are educational sites for schoolchildren. Technoparks install high-tech equipment to motivate children to study design and computer technology.
For example, Quantorium is a network of children’s technology parks in Russia. Now there are 24 technoparks in 19 regions of the country.
Why teach children to code
Programming and computer skills are the new universal literacy as the ability to read or write.
Helps specialists of different disciplines in their work. Workers with programming skills are more in demand in the market.
Develops computational thinking. Helps to solve problems, make decisions and analyze them.
Supports, nourishes and stimulates creative thinking. Helps to come up with new solutions and projects.
Develops the ability to learn, correct mistakes and search for new areas of knowledge.
Unites and helps to find a common language with other people.
Motivates children to learn, ask questions and seek answers.
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Is it possible to saturate the IT market by teaching programming to children
Programming in Ukraine is a fishing rod with which you can catch oily fish. Many programmer dads understand this, so even before the birth of their first children, they begin to fantasize about how a three-year-old daughter will write her first script in JS. After all, if 53-year-old Obama succeeded, what can we say about children who absorb knowledge like SpongeBob? Especially if the programmer father is sitting at home, and the cabinets are bursting under old textbooks on C ++, Unix and TCP / IP.
Raise a programmer out of a child
How realistic is this? On this issue, the debaters are divided into two camps: conservatives and progressives. The former believe that a person is born with certain skills and lives with them all his life. The second is sure that everything can be learned.
For a long time science was on the side of conservatives. This upset those to whom genetics said: “Not in this life, my friend!” – something that others don’t have” . Although, of course, conservatives also have a hard time: finding and developing your talent is another task. But over the past 30 years, more and more attention has been paid to this topic, which has resulted in studies that have been framed in bestsellers like Talent is Overrated and Talent Code. It turned out that not only genetics: you can very radically pump the brain and body in any direction, if you approach it competently and create the necessary conditions. So, who knows, maybe my cat will still be able to be taught to parse XML (those same paw-scraping movements at the tray).
Cognitive development of children
Children think in symbols and images – otherwise they would not play boring (from the point of view of adults) games with soulless objects, which in their imagination necessarily come to life. It would seem – here it is, abstract thinking! But abstract thinking requires more – the ability to use concepts, to operate with complex abstract concepts and conclusions, the ability to understand generalizations, to be able to abstract and build connections between phenomena and concepts.
So, symbols and images alone will in no way attract abstract thinking, without which there is nowhere in programming. First you need to get hold of at least logic.
According to Piaget’s theory, a child under 4-7 years old still cannot fully use logic. For example, it is difficult for him to keep two concepts about the same situation in his head at the same time. If a four-year-old girl is shown a picture with eight dogs and three cats (she is able to identify cats and dogs on it), and then ask – “Are there more dogs or animals here?”, then she will most likely answer “there are more dogs.” This is because it is difficult for a child to focus on two subclasses and a class at the same time.
So the logic will start to give soot only from the age of seven. Until that time, it remains only to be content with symbols and images.
In the period of 7-11 years, the child begins to properly use the logical apparatus. But it is too early to talk about abstract thinking at this time: it begins to develop with might and main only at 11-12 years old, allowing the child to make generalizations, put forward hypotheses and assumptions. At this age, the tomboy’s thinking allows him, finally, to fully break away from specific objects.
That is, the optimal age to start learning how to program a spherical child in a vacuum is 7-8 years old. This hypothesis is confirmed by the intention of the UK Ministry of Education to introduce programming in schools from the age of five. Isn’t it too early? Not at all. It is unlikely that anything will prevent teachers from introducing programming concepts gradually, layering more and more new concepts from year to year. After all, why not go through “Hello, World!” back in childhood? In addition, in schools, from the first grade, they begin to teach mathematics, a very abstract science. If a child feels comfortable in arithmetic lessons, then for sure he will be able to carry out the same calculations in computer science lessons. Only not in a notebook, but on the screen.
Does this approach work?
How to know. For example, Maxim Zaslavsky, who started programming at the age of 7 thanks to his father, already by the age of 13 felt that he had seriously advanced in programming: he started with Visual Basic 6, then got acquainted with HTML, and at the age of 9-10 he was already studying C#. Now he is studying computer science at Princeton University, studying ASP.NET and is preparing to release a couple of sites: for the university and for local musicians.
Maxim himself advises parents to come up with something more visual as a pet-project for a child, where there are more pictures, in order to intrigue. In this regard, the search engine loses to some colorful game. Maxim’s story is a successful example of childhood programming that led to something.
On the other hand, having a father who is a programmer and a mother who is a sysadmin does not guarantee a bright future in Silicon Valley. An apple does not fall far from an apple tree only if the apple tree grows on a plain, and not, say, on a hill or rock. Children are not at all like their parents, both in character and in interests. Of course, the family influences the child and there is a possibility that he will bend towards the ancestors, but it can also be the other way around: the child, after looking at dad and mom sticking out at laptops every day, will think: “Well, no, I’d rather move more and communicate with people, I’ll go to the realtors! “.
A child may choose a different path both out of protest, in spite of the parent’s occupation, or simply because, for example, he would rather play the violin than shovel code. And it’s quite possible that for every child who got a computer and textbooks and became a programmer, there will be a child who had all this, but did not become a programmer. And there are many examples of people around who have been taught the piano since childhood, and then they hate it all their lives.
Maybe we teach children the wrong way?
If you rely on schools with their constantly yawning computer science teachers, prodigal flowcharts and languishing processors, then there will be no business. The development of a child as a programmer in such an environment occurs not thanks to, but in spite of. Obviously, the quality of teaching needs to be improved. The only problem is that schools, like any state structures, are too inert for quick and high-quality transformations.
It’s not good to wait by the sea for the weather – that’s why parents who want to raise a programmer choose the path of home education: they either teach on their own or invite a mentor once a week. Such an approach cannot fail to yield at least some fruit. Based on the same principles of “10,000 hours”, “deliberate practice” and “practice makes perfect” that come through from many books and studies on the topic of ability and talent, the child will be doomed to improve his programming skills. And not only a child.
Personnel shortage in the IT market
To understand how to solve the shortage of specialists, let’s look at how the USSR satisfied its personnel shortage in the field of science.
After all, on the one hand, with something, but with science in the USSR, everything was in chocolate. When it dawned on the ruling elite that technical education should be raised in schools, many universities of the Union began to create faculties of general technical disciplines and labor, which could train qualified teachers.
In 1956, the production of “Young Technician” began. Ten years later, a magazine on children’s technical creativity “Modelist-Constructor” began to be published. The young soviet not only got the opportunity to enroll in the design bureau at the school, but, starting from 1968, he could take part in the regular all-Union competitions of rocket modellers-schoolchildren. A real design paradise – just have time to collect building materials from landfills for design activities.
Yes, and the humanities faculties were bursting with crowds of people willing and paid, so it was even easier to enter technical specialties where you need to think, in a sense, than others. All cards in the hands of the future scientist!
But was it a great science?
Here is what Alexander Nikonov said about this in his book “Behind the Façade of the Empire”:
On the one hand, everything looked great. The number of scientists in the USSR grew steadily. Students aspired to science, there were competitions for graduate school. On the other hand, I myself worked in science, and I don’t need to tell stories about advanced Soviet science. I know firsthand about dozens of useless research institutes that prepared projects and reports that no one needed. I know about the chronic lag of our science from Western science. I know that the drop in the level of knowledge among university graduates, which many are now complaining about, did not begin yesterday.
Nobel laureate in physics Vitaly Ginzburg spoke about science in the USSR:
No need to idealize Soviet science! Indeed, in some areas, such as physics and mathematics, she was at a very high level. Well, this is understandable: the communists needed a bomb from physics, so the physicists had a lot of money. I remember when the Americans first detonated the atomic bomb, my salary immediately tripled. But there were completely failed areas in Soviet science, the clearest example of this is biology, cybernetics.
Obviously, the Soviet approach did not work. They tried to take it in quantity: go out onto the Soviet street, throw a stone – you will hit an engineer. They tried to take the quality – it was not possible. Even throwing all its resources into armaments and science, the USSR could not catch up with the West. Although it would seem that at that time the children, and then the students, had all the cards in their hands.
Will it be “great IT”?
All these initiatives of parents and government programs sooner or later run into the same problem – the human factor. Don’t feed one with bread – let him dig into electronics, don’t touch the second, leave it by the canvas, seduce the third with the programmer’s salary, and he, the scoundrel, having all the trump cards for moving to IT, will sit in the scientific research institute, growing his algae, because he it is interesting.
Will the mass popularization of programming among children be able to raise their level of development and broaden their horizons? 100%. Will a tomato grow from a sunflower seed if you plant it in a greenhouse, give it textbooks on tomato science and take care of it like a tomato? May be. Genetic engineering works wonders, and a person is perfectly able to adapt and adapt. Another question is whether it will bring him pleasure. For where there is no reward in the form of pleasure, there is no long-term progress.
So trying to teach a child, if not to teach, then at least to acquaint a child with programming is a noble cause (a mean tear of nostalgia for the “Encyclopedia of Professor Fortran”). Well, then everything will depend on the level of democracy in the family and the desires of the child himself.
As for the saturation of the IT market, there have always been few intelligent people, so the prospect of satisfying the shortage of personnel in IT should be considered more in terms of increasing the number of coders who could perform simple and routine tasks than in terms of increasing the number of real programmers.
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what is the use – School of programming Pixel on vc.
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Can a student at the age of 6-7 start learning programming? We have collected 5 reasons to send a first-grader to courses on creating games and websites.
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About 75% of children in Russia attend extracurricular activities. Most often, parents think about how to entertain the child: they give it to dances, football or to a music school. Using the Pixel school as an example, we will talk about the benefits of alternative activities – extra-curricular lessons for children aged 6–7 in programming and robotics.
Professional developers often start learning the basics of programming from school. According to the Stack Overflow developer survey, over 54% of professional programmers have written their first line of code by the time they are 15 years old. And before that, they attended classes in computer science and mathematics with interest.
Programming is a sought-after and promising area that requires a lot of time, effort and energy. The earlier a child is immersed in IT, the higher the likelihood that he will become a first-class specialist. And if in the future the child chooses another profession, learning to program in any case will give useful skills for adulthood. Now let’s see what skills we are talking about.
Solve problems yourself
Children improve their problem-solving skills as soon as they take on their first task. The ability to cope with difficult or new situations is problem solving. In the context of programming, coders constantly challenge complexity. IT practice requires children to:
break tasks down into small, manageable subtasks;
set priorities;
formed hypotheses;
achieved their goals through difficulties.
This method of problem solving is also applicable in many other areas. For example, scientists form hypotheses and test them one by one, and in management, all work is built around solving problems.
Creative thinking
Creative thinking is the skill of generating unique and fresh ideas. In the classroom, children not only learn programming languages, but also design 3D models, create computer games, and even program robots. Depending on the chosen training program, the child can develop creative thinking through:
Robot assembly. The robotics course involves working with the WeDo 2.0 constructor from Lego Education. In the classroom, the guys, together with the teacher, design some kind of mechanical object, connect it to a computer and program it to perform actions (for example, walk or move limbs).
Computer games. Students develop their own games using the visual programming designer Kodu Game Lab. The guys create landscapes and characters, write game scenarios and learn to distinguish between genres in the game industry.
Programming languages. Schoolchildren of 6-7 years old program with the help of children’s language Scratch Junior. It looks like a Lego constructor: programs are assembled from multi-colored “bricks” – blocks. This language is much simpler than the popular Java and Python, making it ideal for coding at a young age. In the classroom, children invent and “revive” characters, create game backgrounds, draw interactive postcards with musical effects, and also program simple games.
Love for mathematics
A child’s school performance often suffers because of the exact sciences. Mathematics requires concentration, patience and logical thinking. And these skills are not easy to develop. Then children’s programming can come to the rescue. Coding games and assembling robots literally bring up in the child a love for the exact sciences.
The student has the opportunity to independently create computer games and “revive” the designer, only for this you need to improve mathematics a little. Believe me, this is a strong motivator for a child of 6-7 years old.
Children use mathematical principles in the classroom in a playful way that makes learning formulas and solving problems fun and understandable.
Perseverance skill
Programming is one of the few professional disciplines in which it is perfectly acceptable to fail. Not only is a failure immediately recognized—that is, the program “breaks” and doesn’t work as intended—success literally cannot be achieved until all errors have been worked out.
The simplest programs require the developer to understand a set of problems and solve them; otherwise the code will not work. In the classroom, children often face similar problems, then the teacher joins the work and teaches the child not to give up and find solutions.
With all the disappointments and setbacks comes the real payoff – resilience. Successful people in life are not those who avoid failure, but those who see it as a useful signal.
THE Top 10 Daycares in San Jose, CA | Affordable Prices
Recent daycare reviews in San Jose, CA
Elham Daycare
We cannot say enough nice things about Elham and her family, because she has been a loving, patient, and kind teacher and caretaker of our child for the past four years. She truly loves all her kids and treats them like family! Not only do we know our son is well taken care of in a clean, safe homewith a fun yard to play in, Elham is a great teacher and uses a preschool curriculum to teach all the basics in shapes, colors, letters, numbers, and writing starting at an early age. Our son never attended a typical pre-school, but starting school in the fall we know he is well prepared knowing alphabet and numbers, drawing shapes and letters, and even started getting into the basic math problems she teaches.
It’s such a great environment for learning and fun for kids of all ages – from mere months old our kid was consistently around a diverse group of babies and kids of all ages, which has helped him be very gentle with babies as he got older along with learning to be a good friend with kids his own age. We could not have asked for a better daycare for all these years, not to mention her rates are super reasonable for the area and she is always flexible and understanding for those times you need a bit earlier or later. We’ll miss Elham when we have to leave, but glad another child will get to make a new friend and teacher!…
– Lisa C
Everrose Daycare And Preschool
This is absolutely one of the best daycare so far. Best part is the family is friendly, educated and approachable. Our daughter has been going here since she was 2, and she loves it. She came home everyday with activities. In the beginning she wasn’t too thrilled about going to daycare, but now shewakes up everyday telling us to take her to daycare.
If you’re looking for a safe, creative, and loving environment for your little one’s this is it. As a first time parent we always have doubts about sending our daughter to daycare, but this daycare put all of that at ease. Also, the pictures and videos they send at the end of the day is a bonus. …
– Estella A
Step By Step Academy
I met Ioana at school pickups. She was super friendly to my daughter. Started during covid and am amazed by how loving and caring she is each and every day. She has a special place in my daughters heart. And from the very first day she would sit and hold my daughter during nap time, (as until thenshe would sleep like that only) And slowly transitioned her to sleep on her own. She is the best. The care the love the things my daughter has learned and grown into, I couldn’t have done it myself. Can’t stop praising her enough.
Love her and her care team….
– Ridhim
Lingling Daycare
We are so happy with Ling Ling Daycare. Lindsay is so knowledge. She answers all my questions and always give us daily update on how my son is doing. We started Ling Ling when my daughter was five months and now she is in preschool. When we pass by Lindsay to pick up my son she always want to getout of the car to say “Hi”. My kids learn so much from Lindsay. I am so happy that we found this place….
– Casey C
Ali’s Home
As first time parents, finding quality care for our daughter with someone we trust was extremely important. Ali has not only exceeded our expectations but has become an extended member of our family! Our daughter gets so excited when we tell her she’s going to Miss Ali’s.
Ali is patient, kind, andvery attentive to each child she watches. Her home is welcoming and very clean. She provides an abundance of toys, music, arts & crafts, outdoor time, you name it! She’s even been teaching our daughter Spanish.
If I could give her 10 stars I would. Parents: if you want peace of mind for child care, I highly recommended Ali!…
– Rebecka B
Daycares in San Jose, CA
Diane’s Daycare
2389 Woodland Ave, San Jose, CA 95128
Starting at $85/day
Description:
Welcome to Diane’s Daycare.
My love is to provide your children with a safe, healthy, and home environment that fosters growth. I have been providing home daycare for my parents for over 20 years.
Co-parenting is my underlying philosophy behind my passion for providing daycare. I work with parents each day to understand their children’s physical and behavioral changing that each child experiences during growth. Easing separation anxiety (mostly for parents), having open tools for various temperaments, adjusting menus for picky eaters, and potty training tips are examples of my co-parenting skills.
I offer a flexible schedule. I allow working parents to not worry if they need to drop off or pick up their children early or need additional care for special situation. I understand that these situations arise every day in this very competitive work environment that we live in.
My parents have all been referred to me from either current or past parents and many of my parents are returning parents.
My home is limited to only 6 to 8 children depending on age so my availability is reserved to parents that want true home daycare; my home is home when they are not at home.
Please feel free to call me any time for any questions. I am always here to help.
Diane
Owner, Daycare Provider
Cell/Text: 408-807-8467
*State of California Department of Social Services License
*Certified EMP International
*Certified MEDIC First Aid for pediatric CPR and First Aid for children, infants, and adults….
Elham Daycare
5384 Romford Drive, San Jose, CA 95124
Starting at $400/day
Description:
Elham Small Family Home Child Daycare.
My rates are very reasonable compared to the high rates of preschool, and your kid would learn similar educational material that they would in preschool. I provideholiday, overnight or weekend care with notice in advance.
I have been running my daycare for more than 14 years; I really enjoy taking my time with babies and kids. The daycare is part of my house which is a large common area to play and learn. I treat my daycare’s kids like my own, since they all call me “mama” right when they start talking. 🙂
There is a separate/private room for babies or children who need a quiet environment to rest.
The house is facilitated with the central system of heater and air condition.
When the weather permits, we play in the safe, private and large size backyard.
Very clean and healthy environment.
Children will be entertained and taught alphabet, numbers, shapes, colors and many other fun activities.
Feel free to call Elham any time at the following number:
Cell: (408)210-5090….
Recent Review:
We cannot say enough nice things about Elham and her family, because she has been a loving, patient, and kind teacher and caretaker of our child for the past four years. She truly loves all her kids and treatsthem like family! Not only do we know our son is well taken care of in a clean, safe home with a fun yard to play in, Elham is a great teacher and uses a preschool curriculum to teach all the basics in shapes, colors, letters, numbers, and writing starting at an early age. Our son never attended a typical pre-school, but starting school in the fall we know he is well prepared knowing alphabet and numbers, drawing shapes and letters, and even started getting into the basic math problems she teaches.
It’s such a great environment for learning and fun for kids of all ages – from mere months old our kid was consistently around a diverse group of babies and kids of all ages, which has helped him be very gentle with babies as he got older along with learning to be a good friend with kids his own age. We could not have asked for a better daycare for all these years, not to mention her rates are super reasonable for the area and she is always flexible and understanding for those times you need a bit earlier or later. We’ll miss Elham when we have to leave, but glad another child will get to make a new friend and teacher!…
Reviewed by Lisa C
KidsPark
2858 Stevens Creek Blvd., San Jose, CA 95128
Starting at $10/day
Description:
Hourly Care
On your own schedule. Come when you need us days, evenings and weekends.
For young children new to childcare, keep your first visits short till they are comfortable with the routine.
Back-up Care
Be prepared. Come for a tour and register so you are ready if there is a schedule glitch or your regular provider or school is closed
For young children, have them visit a few times before they are left for a full day so they are comfortable with the environment.
Preschool Education
Pick your schedule. Pick your days. Perhaps come for 1 or 2 days a week until they are use to school. Then, add more days.
Do you usually come Monday-Wednesday-Friday but one week you miss Wednesday? No problem, come Tuesday or Thursday or skip a day.
Lessons are repeated throughout the week in new ways to engage all learners. This method is ideal with children on different schedules. Each child is exposed to the same material.
No need to pay when you are on vacation or your child doesn’t attend….
San Andreas Day Care
1509 San Andreas Ave, San Jose, CA 95118
Starting at $110/day
Description:
San Andreas Daycare doors have been open since August, 2018. I am a wife and a mother to three girls. I am extremely reliable, loving, nurturing, peaceful, laid back and very experienced. I have cared for somany wonderful families with young children over the years.
My program includes reading, singing, art and outside exploring and exploring our imagination. I focus on learning letters, numbers, colors, shapes and animals names. I love teaching infants how to crawl, walk, talk and when child shows interest potty training; when parents are ready. I am a wonderful cook and can’t wait to meet your family….
Skyway Child Care
4485 Illsley Ct., San Jose, CA 95136
Starting at $20/day
Description:
We provide safe, affordable, high quality care. At Skyway child care, your child will grow in a loving and caring environment. Batool Afjei, Licensed Caregiver with over 10 years of experience operating anin-home day care. Committed to providing high quality care in a home environment. Skyway Child care offers children the opportunity to learn and grow. Your child will be provided with one-on one contact. This will allow to build stability and better nurture and support your child as they grow. Our goal is to give you a sense of comfort and confidence knowing that your child’s well-being is our top priority.
OFFERINGS/RATES:
FULL TIME (4-5 DAYS) $400.00
PART TIME (2-3 DAYS) $350.00
DAILY (ONE FULL DAY/WEEK) $120.00
HOURLY $20.00
Visit our website: skywaychildcare.com
Call or Text: 408-499-1914…
Sandy’s Child Care
5049 Leigh Avenue, San Jose, CA 95124
Starting at $120/day
Description:
I’m a mother of three girls, 22, 25, and 29. My husband and I have been married 31 years this October. While our girls were growing up, I took of care of children, one or two at a time, sometimes 3 or 4 as ourgirls got older. I’ve cared for infants, toddlers and while our girls were in elementary school and middle school, after school care. My love of children also carried over to when I owned a Jazzercise franchise for 19 years. During this time, in addition to teaching adult classes, I also taught classes for K-5th grade. I taught PE at a few schools, held after school programs, and summer camps. I also volunteered at a school every spring for 9 of those years by teaching a dance to the four kindergarten classes for their Dance Fest.
I’m still caring for children just 1-2 at a time so I can give the children all of my attention. I love reading to the children in my care, going on walks to the park, singing, bubbles, play dough and arts and crafts. Most recently I was taking care of a little boy, 22 months old. I cared for him since he was 4 months, they recently moved.
If you’re looking for a small, loving, home daycare situation with someone who loves to read to your children and has wonderful references, please contact me….
Description:
Hello!
My name is Saima and I run a home daycare in West San Jose, California called EverRose Daycare and Preschool!
I have worked at Kinder Care, Primary Plus, and One World Montessori. I also receivedearly child care education from West Valley College and I am a mom, raising five kids, ages ranging from nine to twenty-three.
My license number is: 434415436
Daycare is where a child takes his or her first steps. To begin with, it is important for children to grow, learn, and thrive in a safe and caring environment. They should be given the opportunity to have fun and enjoy their time at daycare.
This is our goal: to provide a positive home atmosphere that in turn promotes the physical, intellectual, social, and emotional growth of the children. Various unique learning experiences will be provided on a daily basis for this purpose.
-We have openings for infants, toddlers, and school age children
-CPR, First Aid, and Preventive Health certified.
-Lunch and snacks
-Large enclosed outdoor play area
-Preschool curriculum
-Conveniently located and accessible from Highways 280 and 85, and Lawrence and San Tomas Expressways
-Only ten minutes away from Apple’s headquarters
Check out our website: www. everrosedaycare.com
For more info:
email: [email protected] or
call/text: 408.821.5658….
Recent Review:
This is absolutely one of the best daycare so far. Best part is the family is friendly, educated and approachable. Our daughter has been going here since she was 2, and she loves it. She came home everyday withactivities. In the beginning she wasn’t too thrilled about going to daycare, but now she wakes up everyday telling us to take her to daycare.
If you’re looking for a safe, creative, and loving environment for your little one’s this is it. As a first time parent we always have doubts about sending our daughter to daycare, but this daycare put all of that at ease. Also, the pictures and videos they send at the end of the day is a bonus….
Reviewed by Estella A
Description:
Hi my name is Nancy, I have been married for 34 years. I have a 32 year old son and I have a 30 year old daughter. I also have to amazing little grand daughters, ages 4. 5 and 2.5 year old. I was a stay athome mom when my 2 children were toddlers. When they entered kindergarten I worked at their school for 10 years as a teacher’s aid in 2nd grade. When my 2 children went to high school I decided to open my own home daycare. I had always hoped to do that. I have had my daycare since 2005. I enjoy scrapbooking, going to Disneyland with my family, I love to cook, I
enjoy gardening. My husband and I are involved with the Make a wish foundation.
Most days I have 6 children in my care. We have sharing on Tuesdays and Thursdays. We have music time, circle time, and craft time daily. The children have many activities, and toys to play with during the day. We go outside also (weather
permitting). On days when we play outside the children have ride on toys, water tables, balls, chalk, and other things that they enjoy.. I provide 2 healthy snacks , breakfast, and hot lunches. Each child has a bucket and a daily journal that they bring to daycare each day. I write in a journal so that the parents can see what kind of day their child had. These are just a few things about my daycare. If you would like more information about my daycare please feel free to contact me. I look forward to meeting you. Have a wonderful day!…
Description:
Thank you for visiting my page!
I’ve partnered with parents in raising their kids since 1995, when it was my way of providing for my family while home with my own kiddos. I live on a tree lined street nearHacienda School, providing a nurturing family environment for the kids. Having an abundance of experience with young kids, I’m happy to assist parents with parenting questions or concerns anytime. I enjoy relationships with all my daycare parents, working hand in hand with them in offering a wonderful experience for their kids.
Your family’s health, safety and well being are my highest priority! I’ve worked diligently to protect my daycare families during this pandemic and continue to follow all guidance at all times, including being fully vaccinated and masking.
It’s important for my families to be in community with each other, which I foster by hosting Friday night dinners at my home as well as Halloween and Christmas celebrations for the families. I look forward to resuming these fun activities when it is safe to do so!
I serve nutritious, delicious meals and snacks including whole grains, organic milk, organic infant formula and organic fruits and vegetables.
I offer each child personal care and attention as we enjoy our daily activities promoting preschool and kindergarten readiness, socialization skills and self esteem.
I have a large, shady patio where the kiddos can play in the sandbox or water table, or draw pictures with sidewalk chalk. My lawn is very spacious, where kids enjoy a playhouse along with various toys to climb up and slide down. Sometimes we just run around in the sprinklers!
Contact me to arrange a time for me to show you what I’m all about….
Description:
We are following all CDPH guidelines and currently requires all individuals who are two years of age and older to wear face coverings over their nose and mouth, unless they are (1) eating or drinking. We arealso try maintain 6-feet distance while kids are playing eating or sleeping. We are fully in compliance with all cdc guidelines.
Being a mother of two, I understand that leaving your kids can be frightening; therefore, we are dedicated to having your kids feel at home in our family daycare. We offer a preschool program that develops the social, emotional and physical well-being of every child. Our mission is to understand that every child is unique and special in their own way.
*State Licensed, First Aid Certified, CPR Certified.
*Language: English, Punjabi, Hindi.
*Non Smoker Home, Non Alcoholic home, no pets in house.
*8:00 AM -6:00 PM, M-F.
*Ages 4 month and up.
*Small group, After/Before school, Homework help, Pickup and Drop offs.
*Fresh homemade hot meals from prepared from scratch, pure vegetarian meals.
*Healthy snacks (veggie & fruits).
*Infant meals prepared at home.
*Big playground in backyard with a tall fence, cleanest learning environment.
*Lots of age appropriate toys, lots of board/brain games, lots of books.
*Home has safety locks everywhere.
*Progressive preschool education, Fine Motor, Gross Motor.
*Art, Cooking, Science, Math, Singing and Dancing.
*Story telling, Alphabet (ABC), games, Phonics, Reading, Writing.
*Teaching new English words, Prepare for school.
*Playing together and sharing with other children.
Contact us for a tour & please bring your state ID for tour.
Thank you,
Learn N Play Daycare…
Description:
Working with children has been my passion for many years. One of the most fulfilling experiences in my career as a physical therapist was promoting a healthy physical development for children of all ages. Inthe many years of working as a childcare provider, caring for children has been a responsibility I have taken very seriously.
In a fun, loving, play based environment, I strive to meet the physical, cognitive, social and emotional growth of each individual child.
I have completed CPR / First Aid, Safe and Healthy Training and I have taken SIDS classes.
I am fluent in English, Italian and Romanian.
Our program is designed to include planned and spontaneous activities in response to a child interests where indoor and outdoor play, art, music, movement are incorporated into daily plan.
In addition we include:
craft activities around weekly themes;
large fenced backyard with age appropriate play structures for children of all ages;
weekly music class;
potty-training when age appropriate;
preschool based activities for older children;
home-cooked meals with organic ingredients.
One of the goals is to create an appropriate educational environment which guides children from one developmental level to another.
Each child is unique and deserves everything that makes him/her happy and keeps him/her interested in learning new things everyday….
Recent Review:
I met Ioana at school pickups. She was super friendly to my daughter. Started during covid and am amazed by how loving and caring she is each and every day. She has a special place in my daughters heart. Andfrom the very first day she would sit and hold my daughter during nap time, (as until then she would sleep like that only) And slowly transitioned her to sleep on her own. She is the best. The care the love the things my daughter has learned and grown into, I couldn’t have done it myself. Can’t stop praising her enough.
Love her and her care team….
Reviewed by Ridhim
Colleen’s Day Care
802 Spindrift St, San Jose, CA 95134
Starting at $275/day
Description:
I am a licensed provider for over 19 years. I pride myself that my environment is a loving and safe place for children.
*Activities are age appropriate.
*We bring activities that enrich each child withstories, ABC, colors, and shapes. *Our children also learn independence, sharing, communication with classmates and others. Along with everything else, we include a preschool program to get our little ones ready for Kindergarten.
*A backyard that offers a variety of play activities for the children.
*All meals are provided by the guidelines of the 4C’s food program.Vegetarian meals upon request.
*Business hours are 6 am to 6 pm.
*Ages are newborn to 5 years old.
*CPR, First Aid, Finger Printed and background clearness.
*Over 32 units of Early Childcare Education.
*Along with private, we also take subsidized programs….
Watch Me Grow Daycare
1615 Almond Blossom Ln, San Jose, CA 95124
Starting at $1700/day
Description:
Coping with kids and work everyday can be a delicate balancing act, but help is right around the corner! We are a licensed Home Family daycare, providing your community with quality child care services for over9 years. Our commitment is to offering a secure supportive environment for your child to develop his or her academic, physical, and social skills at their own pace, and, most of all, to make learning fun! In addition to plenty of love, we also provide the cleanest, most well-equipped facilities for your child to explore and grow in, and we pride ourselves in offering the highest standards of service….
Lingling Daycare
3216 Birchwood LN, San Jose, CA 95132
Starting at $1600/day
Description:
We are dedicated ourselves to teaching children more than 10 years. We are well-qualified and experienced
We are trilingual English & Chinese (Mandarin & Cantonese).
We provide organic healthy and nutritiousfood.
We are offering a safe and clean place for the kids, as well a fun learning environment for the children including-reading and music, colors and shapes, numbers and alphabets.
HOUR OF OPERATION: Monday to Friday (8:00 am to 6:00 pm).
Full-time and part-time are available.
Located near Morrill Middle School and Great mall
Children ages 2/m to 5/yrs.
Please call or text Lindsay at 415-521-6441
to schedule a visit. Please send me a text msg or leave a voicemail if I missed your call. I will get back to you immediately. Thank you and we appreciate your business.
Lindsay….
Recent Review:
We are so happy with Ling Ling Daycare. Lindsay is so knowledge. She answers all my questions and always give us daily update on how my son is doing. We started Ling Ling when my daughter was five months andnow she is in preschool. When we pass by Lindsay to pick up my son she always want to get out of the car to say “Hi”. My kids learn so much from Lindsay. I am so happy that we found this place….
Reviewed by Casey C
Next Generation
2205 Corktree Lane, San Jose, CA 95132
Costimate: $243/day
Description:
History:
My mother (Suzie) and I work together to take the best possible care of your children. We started this business back in 2005 in Virginia under her name. She has a lifetime history and experiencetaking care of children both personally (4 children, 6 grandchildren, and 8 great grandchildren) and professionally (home daycare in Virginia). I teamed up with her all these years as a helper in caring for children, as well as handling the business management, accounting, marketing, etc. I have a Bachelor’s degree in Accounting and Banking Management in 1977 and worked in a bank back in Iran as a Financial Expert in Industrial Projects for 23 years.
In 2014, my mother reduced her activity level. I continued rendering the same services under my name and my license in San Jose. Currently she is my best experienced consultant. We moved to San Jose to be closer to my niece and her family. Due to certain family situations back in 1986, my mom and I became responsible for raising my niece who is now a successful doctor in San Jose. Back then, I took this responsibility of raising her very seriously and started searching and studying Dr. Maria Monterssori. I was fascinated by the method and used it in the upbringing of our now accomplished niece.
We were so impressed by the results of using the Montessori method that we decided to follow this approach in our daycare setting to nurture and develop our children. We believe in the infinite potential of the confident, curious child. We approach education this way because it nurtures engaged, intellectually curious individuals who are prepared to define their own success and contribute to the world in truly original ways.
I’m a licensee and also certified by State Of California in CPR (Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitations), AED (Automated External Defibrillations), First Aids (Infants, Children and adults), Healthy Habits (Nutrition and Well-Being for Young Children), DRDP (Desired Results Developmental Profiles), Social Emotional Developments, Motor Skills and Movements for Young Children’s Physical Developments. In accordance with the California State law, rules and requirements we are both fingerprinted.
Food:
We prepare well balanced nutrition of all organic foods, fruits, grains, vegetables, protein and dairy. Spending time in the backyard for at least an hour a day helps us and our children to get fresh air and Vitamin D to grow healthy bones, teeth, nails and strengthen our immune system….
Description:
Licensed as a large family daycare, we are a Montessori preschool in essence. Currently, we are enrolling children between the ages of 2 and 6. Since its inception, our school has been well loved by ourchildren as well as our parents.
“Ms. Sierra has been a beacon of hope and comfort for us regarding our child’s education and social skills development. She exudes both professionalism and compassion as a preschool teacher.
She loves all her students, nurturing them in a way a parent would; from providing them with fundamental education in a fun, collaborative, and creative way to giving them healthy meals. In addition to teaching them math and languages (Spanish, English, and Chinese), she is very meticulous about tracking the progress of each of her students..”…
Ali’s Home
1495 Santa Fe Dr, San Jose, CA 95118
Starting at $10/day
Description:
Hello Parents!
I am a mother of a 7yo boy and a 6yo girl and a Preschool Teacher offering care at my home, a nurturing, safe and clean environment. I have a lot of experience with infant/toddlers andgetting preschoolers ready for kindergarten.
I am inspired by Reggio Emilia and Montessori philosophy:
-Focus on the whole child. I give them tools to learn to become independent, well-rounded, and responsible to be polite and helpful.
-One hundred languages. I encourage children to express themselves in many different kinds of ways (drawing, painting, music, dance, stories etc).
-Hands-on learning. This Improve engagement, focus and better learning outcomes.
-Lots of open-ended projects.
-Nutrition. I try to provide healthy choices at every meal. I usually prepare meals from scratch using good quality ingredients. I let my kids help me prepare food as much as possible, definitely one of my favorite things to do with them!
I am Infant/toddler certified.
-Background check and fingerprinted.
-Health and safety training.
-CPR, First Aid.
-Great professional references
If you are interested in something like this please do not hesitate to contact me for more information.
Looking forward to hear from you!
Sincerely,
Ali…
Recent Review:
As first time parents, finding quality care for our daughter with someone we trust was extremely important. Ali has not only exceeded our expectations but has become an extended member of our family! Ourdaughter gets so excited when we tell her she’s going to Miss Ali’s.
Ali is patient, kind, and very attentive to each child she watches. Her home is welcoming and very clean. She provides an abundance of toys, music, arts & crafts, outdoor time, you name it! She’s even been teaching our daughter Spanish.
If I could give her 10 stars I would. Parents: if you want peace of mind for child care, I highly recommended Ali!…
Reviewed by Rebecka B
“ET” Kids!
5083 Country Lane, San Jose, CA 95129
Starting at $8/day
Description:
We are passionate about family! Each family is valued and each child is valued as an individual. I have over 35 years’ experience and my partner has 15. We are committed to each child’s growth building trust,joy and happiness through play, cooking, academics, field trips, parks, libraries, art, music, and honesty! We provide part-time and full-time care, as well as after school care, preschool program, holiday care, drop-in care, and babysitting/after hours.
Preschool Program:
-Full days
-Half days
Curriculum
Academics: We have circle time plus one on one time to work on colors, shapes, numbers, phonics, and small motor skills. Your child will be confident and ready to learn because learning is ENJOYABLE and REWARDING for your child at ET Kids!
Music and Drama: The children join in Music and Theater games that promote laughter, creativity, and applause for one another.
Field Trips: Hands-on and environmental activities! Having group outings stimulates community appreciation and team building in your child. We are off to see… The park, library, ice cream parlor and more! We will have a calendar with the planned projects and field trips for each month.
Gardening: Harvesting green beans, tomatoes, and snow peas; creating a bouquet of flowers!
Arts and Crafts: working with all types of art mediums to learn our basic skills.
After School Program:
-2, 3, & 5 day rates
-Drop in Welcome
-Kinder care offered
-Open 7am – 6pm. Extended care offered.
-All snacks and meals are provided and prepared fresh daily. Healthy menu!
-Daily activities such as cooking, drawing/painting, building, crafts, water fun, musical instruments, walks, dramatic play, gardening, etc.
-Weekly field trips such as library, parks, BBQ, etc. Every month we hand out our calendar with the scheduled activities.
-Daily “homework time” scheduled…
Description:
Joyous program provides children the opportunity to learn, create, and explore exciting new experiences. We understand these first years are critical in your child’s development. At Joyous Home Daycare, wefoster your child’s development through play, and natural expression in a fun and safe environment. Call now to reserve your spot as openings fill up quick.
Age: 3 months to 5 years
Hours: Monday – Friday from 8:00 am to 5:30 pm
Staff Credentials: CPR, AED, First Aid, Preventative Health and Safety
Contact us….
Cinderella
Curie Dr, San Jose, CA 95119
Starting at $22/day
Description:
Hello, my name is Haki. I can take care of your infants and toddlers in a safe, fun, educational environment with playground and activities. I do accept full-time, part-time, night time, weekend and summer. Iteach alphabet, numbers, shapes and colors. I provide breakfast, snack or lunch according to family’s diet. References are available upon request.
I am a mother and have a lot experience with children. I am friendly, very patient, honest, reliable, cheerful, and responsible, I am also a non smoker. I have taken care of over 50 kids from newborn to 6 years old. I will take excellent care of your children. I am very mindful of children’s safety. I always prioritize their well being before mine. If you are interested in my services, please call….
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FAQs for finding daycares in San Jose
In 2022 what type of daycare can I find near me in San Jose, CA?
There are a variety of daycares in San Jose, CA providing full time and part-time care. Some daycares are facility-based and some are in-home daycares operated out of a person’s home. They can also vary in the degree of education and curriculum they offer. Additionally, some daycares offer bilingual programs for parents that want to immerse their children in multiple languages.
How can I find a daycare near me in San Jose, CA?
If you are looking for daycare options near you, start several months in advance of when you need care for your child. Care.com has 2759 in San Jose, CA as of October 2022 and you can filter daycares by distance from San Jose or your zip code. From there, you can then compare daycare rates, parent reviews, view their specific services, see their hours of operation and contact them through the website for further information or to request an appointment.
What questions should I ask a daycare provider before signing up?
As you visit daycare facilities in San Jose, CA, you should ask the providers what their hours are so you can be prepared to adjust your schedule for drop-off and pick-up. Ask what items you are responsible for bringing for your child and what items you may be required to provide that will be shared among other children or the daycare staff. Also, make sure to check directly with the business for information about their local licensing and credentials in San Jose, CA.
5 Best Child Care Centres in San Jose
Day care center playground. Source: Pixabay
Below is a list of the top and leading Child Care Centres in San Jose. To help you find the best Child Care Centres located near you in San Jose, our team at Kev’s Best put together our own list based on this rating points list.
San Jose’s Best Child Care Centres:
Scuttlebugs Child Development Center
Community Child Care Council
San Jose Day Nursery
Roxana’s Day Care
Bright Horizons
The top rated Child Care Centres in San Jose are:
Scuttlebugs Child Development Center – the center promotes a child-teacher-parent bond
Community Child Care Council – has been impacting the lives of children, youth, seniors and families
San Jose Day Nursery – rendering a necessary learning curriculum and excellent childcare services
Roxana’s Day Care – with a purpose and devotion to create a diverse and creative atmosphere for children
Bright Horizons – gives a reliable ambiance that cultivates curiosity and education
Scuttlebugs Child Development Center
Scuttlebugs Child Development Center. Source: Screenshot from www. scuttlebugscdc.com
Scuttlebugs Child Development Center was conceptualized by Sam, among the creator and associates of the center. They love languages, music, reading and therefore do their youngsters. Every child discovers and engages first hand in the abundance of not only their American culture but the nationwide cultures all around them.
They all love their children. The center ensures to promote child-teacher-parent connection or three dimensional bond. That really is, therefore, rewarding nonetheless it’s also crucial that their children love arriving daily to see their own educators in addition to their buddies. Parents may then realize truly currently a sheltered, safe and caring place for their children to learn and grow in their travel to becoming well rounded and well mannered.
Products/Services:
Security, Eats, Health, Extra Step, Whole-Child, Extra-Curricular
LOCATION:
Address: 3291 Stevens Creek Blvd, San Jose, CA 95117 Phone: (866) 777-0040 Website: www. scuttlebugscdc.com
REVIEWS:
“Our daughter has had a wonderful experience here and we would highly recommend it! Perks: the teachers are wonderful, everything is included in the cost (food, diapers, etc.), they focus on child development, not just watching your children. The cost is very reasonable as well! Thanks for all that you do Scuttlebugs!” – Colin Triplett
Community Child Care Council
Community Child Care Council. Source: Screenshot from www.4c.org
Community Child Care Council‘s partnership started in 1971 when an organization of parents discovered that their access into the present child development services had been limited since these certainly were prevented by benefiting from superior child care services which other kids in wealthy families were not receiving. Their concerns were assessed by community activists and teachers, and it had been ascertained their child care demands were really perhaps not being met. Then in 1972, the county united at the partnership, and 4 Cs was yielded.
The center has provided many services and programs for all children and even nutritional program. They take pride in employing great individuals who will surely take care of your child for exceptional development.
Products/Services:
Child Care Resource and Referral, Subsidized Child Care Programs, Child Care Food Program, Family Child Care Home Education Network, Early Head Start, Child Care Initiative Project, Kaleidoscope, Health, and Safety Training and Reimbursement Program TrustLine, Senior Nutrition Program
LOCATION:
Address: 150 River Oaks Pkwy F-1, San Jose, CA 95134 Phone: (408) 487-0747 Website: www.4c.org
REVIEWS:
“Great place and people.” – D. Murray
San Jose Day Nursery
San Jose Day Nursery. Source: Screenshot from www.sjdn.org
San Jose Day Nursery is located in 8th Street in downtown San Jose. Since 1916, the San Jose Day Nursery is focused on providing significant learning programs and superb childcare services for your small kids in the area. At an intricate public ecosystem, the Nursery attempts a team and boards that have a diversity of skills and heritages, compassion and relativity in family connections, and direction at the behavior of programs and service administration.
All teaching staff have been trained in child growth. The vital blend of technical instruction and experience functions as the supply of the expertise required to deal with the complicated problems of the kids and families.
Products/Services:
Preschool Care and Education, Infant and Early Toddler Care and Education, Older Toddler Care and Education
LOCATION:
Address: 33 N 8th St, San Jose, CA 95112 Phone: (408) 288-9667 Website: www.sjdn.org
REVIEWS:
“It’s a big place, enough space for activities. ” – Bukky- Third Culture Individual
Roxana’s Day Care
Roxana’s Day Care. Source: Screenshot from www.roxanasdaycare.com
Roxana’s Day Care‘s purpose and dedication would be to develop a diverse and creative atmosphere for kids to grow naturally, funny and more creatively. They present a familiar and reliable atmosphere so that they encounter the world in new intelligent ways at their own movement. Assessing and learning out of those natural parts provides a naturally comprehensive world for them to flourish in.
A number of their customers see Roxana’s Day Care as not a nursery but also at dwelling. They supply a verified community for the parents and families inviting them to engage in and learn together. Parents feel safe and safe knowing that their devotion to their kids’ growth creates a caring connection for the students and family equally.
Products/Services:
Full-Time Day Care, Part-Time Day Care, After School Programs, Before School Programs, Special Needs Care, Summer Care, Meals Provided, Twins/Siblings Care
LOCATION:
Address: 518 War Admiral Ave, San Jose, CA 95111 Phone: (408) 225-1561 Website: www. roxanasdaycare.com
REVIEWS:
“I am so glad that I found a place that my daughter loves to go to every day! There is always something new at Roxana’s Daycare while still maintaining an awesome routine for the children. Her home is so organized and full of opportunities for creativity and imagination. The backyard is wonderful and they serve home-cooked meals! It’s definitely a place where I feel my daughter is in good hands. The amount of time and love that Roxana puts into her home definitely shows! I am so grateful that I found Roxana and Erika, they are truly awesome at what they do! Thank you, ladies!!” – Silvia Flores
Bright Horizons
Source: Pexels
Bright Horizons‘ duty is to present an inspirational and engaging environment that fosters learning and curiosity. An appreciation for the exterior is encouraged by their two private outside playgrounds. Their families originate in communities that are nearby, making a high-value environment and robust parent ventures.
Children graduate Bright Horizons with the relevant skills they will need to be successful in public or private schools. In polls, faculty and first-grade teachers report that Bright Horizons pupils are eager pupils that are socially and socially ready for years beforehand. Their centers also have strict rules for security and cleanliness and they are pleased to be known as a health-and-wellness version for child care centers.
Products/Services:
The Infant Classroom, The Toddler/Two Classroom, The Preschool Classroom, The Kindergarten Prep Classroom
LOCATION:
Address: 6120 Liska Ln, San Jose, CA 95119 Phone: (408) 225-3276 Website: www.child-care-preschool.brighthorizons.com
REVIEWS:
“Excellent daycare! The teachers we have had from Infant Room and Toddler 2 have been outstanding. They provide detailed updates daily on my child’s progress and development. My child has also learned so much over the past year.” – Zabrina Han
Alain Atkins is the senior editor for Kev’s Best. Alain has been working as a journalist for nearly a decade having published pieces in many print and digital publications including the Argus Leader and the Huffing Post. Alain is based in St Louis and covers issues affecting his city and state. When he’s not busy in the newsroom, Alain enjoys backpacking.
Paying for Care | Santa Clara County Childcare Resource and Referral
Home
For Families
Paying for Care
For many families, paying for childcare can be a financial burden. The R&R Program can refer you to programs that may provide assistance with paying for childcare (see options below). The R&R Program does not provide financial assistance for childcare payments.
In Santa Clara County, a number of programs exist to support families in need. Each program has its own application process and possibly a waiting list. Families should contact each program below directly to find out about application processes and how to apply for all programs that interest them. If you would like support with determining which program to contact, please contact the R&R Program at 669-212-KIDS (5437) or email [email protected].
Alternative Payment Program
The California Alternative Payment Program (AP) is available for children birth through 12 years old. The AP system allows a parent to choose the setting for their child from a wide array of pre-approved providers including large and small family child care homes.
There are two agencies coordinating AP vouchers in Santa Clara County. To find out more about qualifying for Alternative Payment Vouchers and to view income eligiblity and other requirements, please contact:
Choices for Children at 408-297-3295 ext. 0 or visit their website.
Go Kids, Inc. at 831-637-9205 or visit their website.
Subsidized Early Learning Programs
The following programs offer subsidized care:
Alumn Rock School District
Associated Students, San Jose State University
California Young World Inc.
Campbell Union School District
Catalyst Kids
East Side Union High School District
De Anza Community College
Gilroy Unified School District
Grail Family Services
Go Kids, Inc.
Kidango
Luther Burbank School District
Mandala Children’s House
Martinson Child Development Center Inc.
Milpitas Unified School District
Moreland School District
Mountain View Whisman School District
Palo Alto Unified School District
San Jose Conservation Corps (operated by YWCA Silicon Valley)
SJB Child Development Centers
Santa Clara County Office of Education (SCCOE)
Santa Clara Unified School District
Sunnyvale Elementary School District
YWCA Silicon Valley
West Valley College CDC
Mission College CDC
The following qualifying income chart applies to the programs in the table above:
**This chart does not apply to Head Start. Please contact Head Start at (408) 453-6900 or view visit their website.
The following are program descriptions for the different types of subsidized early learning programs:
General Childcare and Development
General childcare and development programs are state and federally funded programs that use centers and family child care home networks operated or administered by either public or private agencies and local educational agencies. These agencies provide child development services for children from birth through 12 years of age and older children with exceptional needs. These programs provide an educational component that is developmentally, culturally, and linguistically appropriate for the children served. The programs also provide meals and snacks to children, parent education, referrals to health and social services for families, and staff development opportunities to employees.
California State Preschool Programs
The California State Preschool Program provides both part-day and full-day services that provide a core class curriculum that is developmentally, culturally, and linguistically appropriate for the children served. The program also provides meals and snacks to children, parent education, referrals to health and social services for families, and staff development opportunities to employees. The program is administered through local educational agencies, colleges, community-action agencies, and private nonprofit agencies.
Head Start and Early Head Start
Head Start and Early Head Start are nationwide, federally-funded early childhood programs for low-income children, ages birth to five. It is designed to provide comprehensive services in preparation for public school. Services include cognitive and language development, medical, dental, mental health, nutritional, and social services. The program places particular emphasis on parental involvement.
Other Community-Based Programs
City of San Jose Programs
Please visit the City of San Jose’s Parks, Recreation, and Neighborhood Services Department website to learn more about the many programs offered for city youth.
Home – San Jose Day Nursery
Welcome to SAN JOSE DAY NURSERY
100 Years of learning
Ages Served
Infant program: 6 weeks to 2 years Toddler program: 2 years to 3 years Preschool program: 3 years to 5 years
MORE INFO
Hours of Operation
7 am to 6 pm (Children must be in attendance by 9:30 each day)
MORE INFO
Meals
Included in tuition Breakfast, Light Morning Snack, Lunch and Afternoon Snack.
MORE INFO
San Jose Day Nursery is a high-quality hands-on learning Child Development Center located in the heart of downtown San Jose that accommodates the financial needs of all working families.
Our Mission is to promote child excellence through outstanding early care and education, parent engagement, and community partnerships.
MORE INFO
You can see the GLOWING RESULTS in every child’s smile
Friendly
SJDN staff build positive relationships with both children and families in the program, and develop partnerships with parents to support their child.
Education
All staff are trained in child development practices and many have a degree in the ECE field. SJDN requires staff to continue their professional development, no matter their level of education.
Qualified
In addition to experience with children in some capacity, SJDN staff qualifications include a desire and passion for working with children and a commitment to the field of early education.
Play Areas
The indoor and outdoor environment supports children’s learning in all areas of development. Materials are selected to enhance and support children’s play.
Experienced
All staff have experience working or volunteering with children, whether it be in a center based program or more informal setting.
Learning
Staff facilitate children’s learning by providing hands on learning experiences that support development in all areas.
Carol
Carol was a single mother of a six-month old baby girl when she came to us very worried about who would take care of her daughter when she made the decision to go back to work and school. The tuition subsidies that Carol received for her daughter enabled her to “finally get off welfare” (quote from Carol), get a job and support her family, and go back to school. Carol feels secure in the care her daughter receives at the Nursery and she feels grateful that “Staff are so loving”. Carol’s daughter has since graduated from the Infant to the Toddler Room, and has progressed and is now a happy Preschooler in our program. Carol is amazed at the progress her preschool daughter has made by being part of the Nursery environment; she has also recently enrolled her new baby in our infant program, who is also progressing happily in the loving and nurturing care of our infant staff team. We are proud of Carol, too, as she has recently graduated from a teacher credential program and now has a full-time teaching position that has enable her to increase her income and bring her family closer to self-sufficiency. Her family still is not to the level of complete self-sufficiency, but thanks to generous donations from our financial supporters, she is able to balance her child development costs with her costs of providing the necessities for her family!
David
David was initially attracted to the Nursery 3 years ago because it offered income based tuition that he could afford for his two children while he was working and going to school. He enrolled his children and became an active part of the Nursery’s thriving community of children and families. When he was laid off from his company he was concerned that his children would have to leave the Nursery and miss out on the important early learning they were experiencing. Fortunately, the Nursery was able to provide him subsidized funding to keep his children enrolled. When the State of California budget cuts resulted in the Nursery losing that subsidized funding he once again faced the inability to pay for quality early learning experiences for his children. Once again the Nursery stepped up and found alternative financial support so his family could remain part of the Nursery community. He is extremely grateful to the staff at the Nursery for helping him find the necessary financial resources in his family’s time of need.
Chloe
A sweet, cheerful, three year-old was enrolled in San Jose Day Nursery’s subsidized early learning program when she was 13 months old. Little “Chloe” has endured many changes in her young life. She was put into foster care when her mother was unable to raise her. She was unsuccessfully returned to her mother several times, and finally adopted by her foster parents. During this transition time in little “Chloe’s” life her foster parents kept her enrolled at the Nursery to provide her important stability in an already unstable life. Throughout all these changes, her foster parents, in partnership with the Nursery, provided her consistent love and support. Her foster mother, now parent, cannot say enough good things about the care she receives at the Nursery, “Children are encouraged to be respectful, independent and to have empathy for others. The Nursery teaches children in a non-aggressive way to be good at setting boundaries and how to express themselves.”
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Find Top In-Home Child Care Providers in San Jose, CA
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Before-school care in San Jose
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Tutoring in San Jose
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Child Care FAQs
The national typical hourly rate in 2022 is $20. 00 per hour for nannies and $17.50 for babysitters. Rates can vary based on the child care provider’s experience, certifications, employment status, and travel expenses. When calculating the cost of child care, you should also account for the number of children they’ll care for and additional responsibilities like household tasks or homework help. Learn more about how to set competitive rates for attracting the best babysitters.
The best way to find child care near you is to post a job detailing your needs on Sittercity, which will be shared with our community of available babysitters and nannies. We’ll notify you when child care providers apply to your job, and from there you can proceed with interviews, background checks, and reference checks so you can find the perfect fit for your family.
You can find experienced and passionate child care providers near you to provide the best care for your child, either in-home or virtually. Child care providers can help families with managing strict schedules, transportation to activities, homework help, last-minute coverage, date nights, and more. Whether you’re looking for full-time, part-time, live-in, or temporary care, you can count on Sittercity for finding passionate and experienced child care providers.
Families find trustworthy child care providers on Sittercity who are passionate about providing safe and enriching care for their children. Many providers report they are First Aid and CPR certified to provide the best care for your family. Babysitters and nannies have the option to complete regular background checks, and you can easily request a recent background check if they don’t have one or it is not recent. Families can also request to see professional references!
Our dedicated team also champions safety across our platform every day. Child care providers go through an identity verification process Berbix when registering an account. Some additional safety measures include Family Watchdog screening, babysitter and nanny reviews, and secure messaging.
Nannies and babysitters share the same primary responsibility of providing safe and enriching care for your child, but there are a few differences between them. Nannies are more commonly associated with regular work, whether full or part-time, offering daily or consistent care to a particular family. There are also several different types of nannies, including au pairs, house managers, doulas, live-in, and overnight nannies.
Babysitters, on the other hand, are typically hired for irregular or occasional work, either full or part-time. If you’re looking for last-minute care for date night, or the occasional few hours after school, a babysitter is a great best option.
Identifying the type and frequency of child care you’ll need is the best way to decide whether a babysitter or nanny is a better fit for your family.
Child care providers on Sittercity love providing enriching experiences for your children, and sharing their passions with them. They’re happy to participate in outdoor activities like sports, or indoor activities like music, baking, tutoring help, and art. Wherever your child’s interests lie, child care providers on Sittercity can engage them in a nurturing way.
Childcare Volunteer Program in San Jose – Costa Rica
Next start date available: Oct 10, 2022
Excited to do Childcare volunteering in Costa Rica – San José? International Volunteer HQ’s Childcare project empowers volunteers to help in community centers, daycares, and schools that care for and entertain children outside of school hours. This is an important service in Costa Rica where many schools are overcrowded and only run in either the morning or afternoon. Volunteers will gain childcare experience while assisting local staff to provide a safe, structured and fun environment where kids can grow and learn.
Highlights:
Programs start every Monday
Affordable fees from $380 for 1 week
Includes accommodation, breakfast and dinner, airport pick up, orientation and 24/7 support
Care for children before and after their short school day
Enjoy Costa Rica’s warm and beautiful beaches
Learn about life in San Jose by staying with a local family
Apply For Free
Key information
Provide a safe space for children to learn
Based in and around San José
Local homestay accommodation
Volunteers aged 16+ and families
Up to 5 hours volunteering a day
Fully hosted experience from $380 for 1 week
Durations from 1 – 24 weeks
Spanish language lessons available
This program is ideal for:
Energetic volunteers who enjoy playing, talking and laughing with children and are interested in education. You’ll have the support of the local staff so experience is not necessary.
What to expect and how you’ll make an impact
Overcrowded classrooms in low-income parts of Costa Rica mean students often only attend school in either the morning or afternoon and are generally left to their own devices for the rest of the day. Community centers aim to fill this gap with further education and games so that children have a safe, stimulating and structured learning environment for a longer period of time. This gives children the opportunity to build skills and support networks and increase their chances of continuing education to later gain employment.
As a Childcare volunteer you’ll assist local staff with their efforts to care for and entertain a large number of children up to the age of 11. Yours will be a hands-on role providing much-needed support in general activities. Much of the time is spent outside, as classrooms are often small and crowded.
Childcare volunteer work can vary but usually involves:
Setting up games and activities
Helping with homework
One-on-one interaction with children
Teaching basic hygiene skills
Assisting with meals
Why do Childcare volunteering in San Jose with IVHQ?
When you volunteer with children in San José you’ll be adding value to the local community, while also developing personally and professionally by:
Improving access to education for children in San José
Helping students develop life skills in a safe place
Practicing your Spanish
Developing your communication skills
Gaining childcare experience
Immersing yourself fully in Costa Rican culture
Exploring San José, Costa Rica’s lively capital
Volunteer requirements
Volunteers under the age of 16 must be accompanied by a parent or guardian to participate in this program
Volunteers aged 16-18 are required to provide IVHQ with parental consent in order to participate on the program, and may be asked to provide additional documentation to the local team
Volunteers aged 16-18 volunteering without a parent or guardian can volunteer for a maximum duration of 12 weeks.
All volunteers aged 13+ are required to provide a criminal background check to IVHQ prior to departure. Those aged 13-17, if unable to obtain a criminal background check, can provide two character reference letters instead
All volunteers are required to have adequate volunteer travel insurance
All volunteers must speak fluent English.
Are you eligible to volunteer?
Submit a free application so we can confirm your eligibility and check availability for your preferred dates.
Apply For Free
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IVHQ volunteer orientation
Exploring San Jose, Costa Rica during an IVHQ weekend
Exploring San Jose, Costa Rica during an IVHQ weekend
Exploring San Jose, Costa Rica during an IVHQ weekend
Recommended online TEFL course
We encourage volunteers on IVHQ’s Teaching and Childcare projects to come prepared by completing some relevant training, such as a Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) course. Although formal teaching qualifications are not required on these projects as volunteers are supported by local staff, taking a TEFL course enables you to gain more from the experience. Visit our Online TEFL Course page to learn how to gain an internationally recognized TEFL certification at a discounted rate.
Get TEFL certified online
Read reviews from Childcare volunteers in San Jose
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Location
San José is Costa Rica’s modern, metropolitan, cultural hub. The capital city has been hailed as one of the most visited destinations in Central America and is the central point for tourists arriving in Costa Rica. It’s got excellent eateries, an interesting variety of museums, markets, shops, parks and nightlife and is only a short trip to any of the numerous natural attractions and adventures in the region.
Arrival and orientation
After you have registered for the program, please book your flights to arrive at Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO) in San José on the Sunday before your start date.
When you arrive, you will be greeted at the airport by a member of the local team and taken to the volunteer accommodation in San José. This is included in your Program Fee.
We recommend that volunteers under the age of 18 travel internationally with a notarized letter from their parents to support their documentation. If you are traveling in Costa Rica prior to your program, the local team will pick you up at your San José accommodation the day before your orientation.
Your check out is at 11am on the last Saturday of your program.
The compulsory program orientation is hosted by our Costa Rica team at their offices in San José on Sunday or Monday.
Orientation covers everything you need to know for your volunteer program in Costa Rica – an introduction to Costa Rica, its customs, language training details, rules and expectations, safety, travel opportunities in Costa Rica, and an introduction to your project and placement. The orientation will also give you a chance to meet other volunteers and swap contact details for weekend travel and socializing.
Volunteer schedule example
First day
You will be escorted to your placement by a local coordinator and introduced to the placement staff you will be working with.
Weekdays
During the week, you will have a morning or afternoon shift, which will last around 3 to 5 hours. Your volunteer work and hours are dependent on the location and type of project you are participating in but a typical morning schedule is as follows:
8:00 AM
Breakfast with your host family.
9:00 AM
Leave home and travel to your placement. You will join the local staff and will receive a duty roster and plan for work.
12:00 PM
Lunch at a local restaurant.
1:00 – 6:00 PM
Work at the placement usually ends. You are free to travel back to your accommodation, go sightseeing or take Spanish lessons.
7:00 PM
Dinner with the host family.
Weekends
Whether you want to explore or relax on your weekends in San José , there’s plenty of opportunity to do both. Stroll down the bustling Central Avenue in downtown San José and take in a museum, listen to street performers or do some shopping. Then check out the stunning architecture of the National Theater of Costa Rica, taste-test the city’s fabulous coffee or sample a brew from San José ’s blossoming craft-beer industry.
It’s worth noting that Sunday is a religious day of rest and many stores and restaurants will be closed. Costa Ricans tend to devote Sundays to spending time with their family. If you wish, you can accompany your host family to their local church, as a Latin American church service is a unique and special experience for many volunteers.
On long weekends you may choose to travel around the rest of Costa Rica and the many cities, volcanoes, jungles, coffee plantations and beaches which are more than worth a visit. Many of these are only a short trip from San José .
Most IVHQ volunteers choose to take advantage of our Costa Rica – Travel and tour add-ons in their free time. Please note that volunteers on more remote projects such as Turtle Conservation and Eco-Agriculture Conservation will only be able to join these activities before or after their program.
Accommodation and WiFi
Volunteers in Costa Rica are accommodated primarily in a homestay with a local host family – it’s an immersive experience that connects you with an authentic insight into the Costa Rican way of life.
You will find living conditions are comfortable and all homestay families have been approved by our local staff. You can expect your accomodation to have electricity, drinkable running water and western bathrooms. Low pressure showers are common and the water is not always heated, especially in more remote project locations. Bedrooms have single and bunk beds with bedding provided. You can expect to share a room with up to four other volunteers of the same gender in some homestays, however it is possible for volunteers to upgrade to a private room for $62 per person, per week.
WiFi is available in the majority of homestays and you will have access to computers and WiFi at the local team’s office in San José. For volunteers based in more remote locations, we recommend purchasing a local SIM card for your unlocked smartphone.
Please note, volunteers under the age of 18 who are travelling solo will be accommodated separately from those over the age of 18, in a homestay. If there are other volunteers under the age of 18 participating at the same time, the local team will do their best to ensure they are accommodated together.
Meals
Volunteers are provided with breakfast and dinner at their accommodation. Breakfast typically consists of toast, fruit, eggs, rice and beans accompanied with tea or coffee. Dinner usually includes: meat (typically chicken), starches and vegetables. Costa Rica’s national dish, Gallo Pinto, is made of rice and beans and served with nearly every meal.
Lunches are not provided to San José -based volunteers, as they are typically away from their accommodation at midday. Budget between $5 and $10 per day to buy lunch.
If you have specific dietary requirements, our local teams and homestays can cater to you, however keep in mind that as a volunteer, there is a need to be flexible.
Typical volunteer breakfast
Typical volunteer breakfast
Typical volunteer breakfast
Typical volunteer dinner
Typical volunteer dinner
Typical volunteer dinner
Volunteer accommodation dining room
Volunteer accommodation living room
Typical volunteer bedroom
Typical volunteer bedroom
Volunteer accommodation
Pricing
Duration
Program Fee
Due 30 days before you start, or within 48 hours if you register inside of 30 days. Covers the cost of hosting you.
1 week
$380 Equivalent to $54/day
2 weeks
$670 Equivalent to $48/day
3 weeks
$955 Equivalent to $45/day
4 weeks
$1,205 Equivalent to $43/day
5 weeks
$1,410 Equivalent to $40/day
6 weeks
$1,615 Equivalent to $38/day
8 weeks
$2,025 Equivalent to $36/day
10 weeks
$2,435 Equivalent to $35/day
12 weeks
$2,845 Equivalent to $34/day
16 weeks
$3,665 Equivalent to $33/day
20 weeks
$4,485 Equivalent to $32/day
24 weeks
$5,305 Equivalent to $32/day
Apply for free
Accommodation
Breakfast and dinner
24/7 in-country support
In-country program orientation
Pre-departure support from your Program Manager
Airport pick-up
Personalized preparation tools, guides and check lists
Access to IVHQ’s preferred insurance and flights partners
Discounts on language lessons
Discounts on travel and tour add-ons
Certificate of International Volunteering
Learn more about what’s included in your IVHQ Registration Fee and Program Fee.
All programs attract a Registration Fee of $299
in addition to the Program Fee. This covers all pre-departure support services.
A 5% international banking fee is added at point of payment.
Additional things to budget for include: Visa, flights, travel insurance (mandatory), vaccinations, criminal background check, public transportation to and from your placement each day and return to the airport when your program finishes.
Recommended spending money: Volunteers in Costa Rica generally find US$150 – US$200 per week to be sufficient for expenses, such as lunches (except for Turtle Conservation and Eco-Agriculture Conservation volunteers), in-country tours, and Spanish language lessons.
We believe that no volunteer adventure would be complete without experiencing the natural wonders of your host country. That’s why we offer volcano and coffee plantation tours, surfing lessons, mini adventures and more, exclusively available to IVHQ volunteers in Costa Rica as affordable add-ons.
Please note that volunteers on the Turtle Conservation and Eco-Agriculture projects are only able to do the following add ons before or after their program, not during.
Please contact us or your IVHQ Program Manager to book or get more information about any of the following activities and tours.
Volcano Tour (Half Day) – $77
Your half day Volcano Tour will take you to either Poas or Irazu volcano, depending on the weather. Both are active volcanoes with exciting thermal activity and stunning scenic views. There are short walks to the volcanoes, so it’s not strenuous, but we do encourage sturdy, closed toed shoes for the journey.
Volcano Tour (Full Day) – $155
Arenal Volcano is one of the youngest and most active volcanoes in Costa Rica. Located in the small pueblo of La Fortuna, the entire area is a paradise for adventure lovers and nature enthusiasts. On the way to La Fortuna, the tour stops in a visit to the artisan pueblo of Sarchi. At Arenal, participants have 3 hours of free time to enjoy the hot springs. Bilingual guide, entrance fees, lunch, and dinner included. Pick up at accommodations at 7:00 AM. This tour is 15 hours long. Note, this tour ends at 10:00 PM.
Adventure Combo (Full Day) – $200
Volunteers spend a full day exploring La Paz Waterfall and gardens and an expansive animal sanctuary, followed by a Paos Volcano Tour and Coffee Plantation Tour. This full day includes breakfast, lunch, private transportation, a local bilingual guide, and all entrance fees.
Mini Adventure – San Jose (6 days/7 nights) – $1253
The Mini Adventure combines the major hot spots into a 1-week excursion that can be added at the beginning or end of your volunteer program. You will be accompanied by a certified bilingual tour guide for each trip, using San Jose as your home base between tours.
This 6-day adventure complements your volunteer experience, without the stress of trip planning! It will begin on Sunday and finish the following Saturday morning, and accommodation is included from the Saturday before your adventure begins. Please note that your meals are not included on this trip.
This Mini Adventure includes:
ARENAL VOLCANO & HOT SPRINGS
Arenal is a majestic active volcano in the northern part of Costa Rica. En route, you stop at Sarchi, a town known for its beautiful and intricate Costa Rican arts and crafts, and souvenirs. You enjoy a typical lunch overlooking Arenal volcano at La Fortuna before relaxing at the Hot Springs Resort & Spa. Wade and swim in mineral pools filled with naturally hot water from volcanic springs. After a delicious buffet dinner, you head back to San Jose.
BRITT COFFEE TOUR
Learn how Café Britt changed the course of history and coffee beans in Costa Rica! This tour shares the story behind Costa Rica’s most famous gourmet coffee. The guided tour lets you trace the process of coffee production from bean to cup and discover how Costa Rica’s unique micro climates and fertile soils create the ideal conditions for growing the world’s best coffee beans. You also learn from the experts how to prepare coffee using traditional methods. Of course, the tour culminates in a coffee tasting! Bilingual guide and entrance fees included.
ZIPLINING
This canopy tour takes you on an exhilarating, zipline adventure through lush, green canopy and across the majestic Cataratitas River. The tour also includes the “Tarzan Swing,” “Superman Cable,” and the “Elevator” — thrilling features that provide added adrenaline and panoramic views of the surrounding area. There is a safety orientation by expert, bilingual guides before setting out and participants quickly gain confidence on the course of 12 different zip lines and 18 tree platforms. Bilingual guide, entrance fees, and lunch included.
ANIMAL SANCTUARY & LA PAZ WATERFALL GARDEN
The tour begins with a drive along the Panamerican Highway and passes by the Agriculture Monument, the Monument to Juan Santamaria, and the famous Mango Park. La Paz Waterfall Gardens is a nature park and wildlife sanctuary where participants hike along natural and manmade trails in the rainforest, trekking from waterfall to waterfall. In the wildlife sanctuary, participants visit the largest butterfly observatory in Costa Rica, an impressive hummingbird gallery, serpentarium, and see monkeys, birds, and big cats. The tour ends with a delicious buffet lunch. Bilingual guide, entrance fees, and lunch included.
WHITEWATER RAFTING
The Pacuare River is a truly memorable whitewater rafting adventure! This tour combines nature, wilderness, and excitement. Rio Pacuare runs through a true river gorge and is flanked by steep rock and filled with wildlife and cascading waterfalls along the route. The whitewater includes Class III, IV, and V rapids and it is an exciting descent! Along the way, there is a buffet lunch served on the river bank. Before starting the adventure, there is a safety orientation so everyone understands the basics of rafting–no previous experience necessary! During the route, professional photographers take pictures and shoot videos, which can be purchased at the end of the trip. All equipment is provided, including helmet, paddle, and lifevest. Expert bilingual river guide and lunch included.
TORTUGA ISLAND
Tortuga Island is located 22.2 km (12 miles) off Puntarenas on the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. The island is a 48.5-hectare (120-acre) protected nature reserve It has an area of 120 acres, as it remains a protected forest; and is recognized as an “Ecological Blue Flag site” due to its pollution-free, crystal clear waters that are free of pollution. On the trip out to the island, participants may spot dolphins, sea turtles, and aquatic birds. On the island, participants bask on the white sand beaches, take a swim in the ocean, hike the nature trails, and enjoy lunch. Breakfast and lunch included.
If you would like to add a Mini Adventure to your trip, you can arrange this directly with your Program Manager once you are registered for the program.
Beach & Jungle Mini Adventure – Manuel Antonio (6 days/7 nights) – $882
The Beach & Jungle Mini Adventure combines the major hot spots into a 1-week excursion that can be added at the beginning or end of your volunteer program. You will be accompanied by a certified bilingual tour guide for each trip, using Manuel Antonio as your home base between tours.
The Beach & Jungle Adventure week allows volunteers based in Manuel Antonio to really explore the beauty of this stunning part of Costa Rica. This 6-day adventure complements your volunteer experience without the hassle of arranging your own trips and accommodations. It begins on Sunday and finishes on Friday, and accommodation is included from the Saturday before your adventure begins.
This Mini Adventure includes:
MANUEL ANTONIO NATIONAL PARK
Manuel Antonio National Park is considered one of the most beautiful places in Costa Rica! You visit pristine beaches and coral reefs amid the natural wonders of the tropical rainforest. You make a short hike into the jungle and from there can choose to relax and enjoy the beach, sunbathe, or trek through the park’s trails. In the park, there are multiple species of monkeys, iguanas, birds, and sloths. Bilingual guide, entrance fees, and snacks included.
RAINMAKER JUNGLE TOUR
Rainmaker Park is a private biological reserve originally created for scientific research. The Park is located approximately 30 minutes from Manuel Antonio. The tour begins with a short hike through the rainforest, looking for birds, insects, and amphibians, as you trek over hanging bridges and natural trails up to the top of Rainmaker Mountain–at the summit, there is an amazing view of the Pacific Ocean! The hike continues on trails and through the Canopy Walk bridge system spanning 250 meters (1/4 mile). The suspended bridge design permits minimal forest impact, while giving hikers the opportunity to explore the rainforest from a bird’s eye view. The tour also includes a visit to several waterfalls and a refreshing dip in a natural pool. The tour ends with a delicious traditional Costa Rican lunch. Bilingual guide, entrance fees, and lunch included.
CANOPY ZIP-LINE
A beautiful zipline adventure in Costa Rica! The tour begins with a short 20-minute drive to Santuario Park, which is an extensive primary rainforest. The zip lines are long and fast and Santuario Park Canopy has the third-longest cable in the world–approximately 1.6 km (1 mile) long. The tour has over 3.6 km (2.2 miles) of total zip line across 10 lines and 14 tree platforms. Other activities include nature walks, hanging bridges, and a rappelling activity. Bilingual guide and lunch included.
JUNGLE NIGHT TOUR
The most beautiful concert, led by the orchestra of nature, begins when the sun goes down. Walking on safe trails, this guided tour, takes you on a magical experience through the nocturnal forest in search of the night-active fauna characteristic of the area, and learn about the flora that sustains the forest life. Take advantage of your guide’s experience spotting the hidden wonders of the forest and take beautiful photographs aided by the UV light and flashlights included.
WHITE WATER RAFTING
The tour begins with a 1-hour drive from Manuel Antonio past rural villages and palm tree plantations. The Savegre River is considered the cleanest river in all of Central America–the river originates at the top of the San Gerardo Dota mountains and runs super-cold. The trip is filled with the incredible landscapes and natural waterfalls of the rainforest. Class II and III rapids. There is a safety orientation so everyone understands the basics of rafting–no previous experience necessary! All rafting equipment, an expert river guide, and snacks are included. The activity includes snacks and a typical Costa Rican meal after the tour.
NAUYACA WATERFALL
Nauyaca Waterfall is one of Costa Rica’s most iconic natural attractions! The tour begins with a 1-hour drive, followed by a 4.8 km (3 miles) hike back to Nauyaca. At Nauyaca Falls, most hikers love to take a refreshing dip in the pool at the bottom of the waterfall. Time and weather permitting, the hike may also include a stop at Portalón Waterfall. On the way back to Manuel Antonio, participants enjoy a delicious, traditional Costa Rica lunch. This is a scenery-rich tour and participants always take amazing photos! Bilingual guide and lunch included.
SUNSET SAIL TOUR
This is an amazing ocean tour sailing along Manuel Antonio’s gorgeous Pacific coast. Participants enjoy free-flowing drinks and snacks at the onboard bar during the cruise to Biesanz Beach. Along the way, participants may be able to spot sea turtles, dolphins, and migrating whales (seasonal). At the beach, participants can swim, snorkel and explore. Bilingual guide, lifevest, snorkel gear, drinks, and lunch included.
If you would like to add a Mini Adventure to your trip, you can arrange this directly with your Program Manager once you are registered for the program.
Coffee Plantation Tour (Half Day) – $50
Enjoy a half-day tour of the Britt Coffee Plantation, a working coffee farm, led by your own expert guide. You’ll have the opportunity to learn about the coffee production from plant to cup, and enjoy a coffee tasting at the end of your tour.
PADI Scuba Certification (7 days/6 nights) – $990
The Scuba Certification program takes place in Manuel Antonio, Costa Rica. Spend the week learning how to scuba dive with PADI certified instructors on the beaches of Costa Rica. The price is inclusive of your pick-up in San Jose and transportation to and from Manuel Antonio, along with your housing for 6 nights in a private room with a host family who will provide you with breakfast and dinner.
Surf School (7 days/6 nights) – $612
The Surf program is based in Manuel Antonio, Costa Rica and is an exciting week-long opportunity for you to learn how to surf some of the world’s most beautiful beaches. Your price includes your pick-up in San Jose and transportation to and from Manuel Antonio, along with your housing for 6 nights in a private room with a host family. This is also inclusive of breakfast and dinner.
Whitewater Rafting – Manuel Antonio (Full Day) – $120
Enjoy a day white water rafting alongside an expert guide along the Savegre or Naranjo river, and experience class I, II, III, and IV rapids. To join this excursion you must know how to swim and must be comfortable around swift-flowing water. Your rafting guide will provide a brief safety orientation and information about navigating the river, and all rafts will be followed in the river by safety guides in kayaks.
Zipline – Manuel Antonio (Half Day) – $99
Spend a half-day zipping your way through the jungle on a zipline tour led by professional guides. You’ll have the chance to glide over raging rivers, jungle canopy, and interact with wildlife throughout your journey. Participants must be comfortable with heights and please note that meals are not included.
How to book IVHQ’s recommended add-ons:
When you apply for an IVHQ volunteer program, make a note of which tours and add-ons you’re interested in on your application form so we can check availability and prices for you.
Once you’ve paid your registration fee, your IVHQ Program Manager will be able to book your place on the tour(s) you have chosen and help you organize your trip.
Spanish language lessons
Fluency in Spanish is not a prerequisite for the IVHQ Costa Rica program, however, learning basic conversational Spanish will help you maximize the benefit of your program. Volunteers interested in taking Spanish lessons can arrange these directly with the local staff once in Costa Rica at the program orientation. The language lessons are tailored to each volunteer’s current level of Spanish and classes run from Monday through to Friday. The cost is very affordable and offered exclusively to IVHQ volunteers. Please note these lessons are not available on the Holiday Experience, Eco-Agriculture or Turtle Conservation projects.
San Jose Language Lessons:
2-hour Small Group Classes: $145 per week
1-hour Private Classes: $225 per week
2-hour Private Classes: $455 per week
Check what’s required to visit Costa Rica
Check out the widget below to find out what the Covid-19 restrictions and visa requirements are for Costa Rica, based on your country of residence.
Safety and support
IVHQ follows best practice and industry-leading health and safety procedures, which are regularly reviewed and optimized as part of the B Corporation recertification.
All volunteers encouraged to complete our interactive pre-departure training.
All local teams trained on best practice volunteer management & First Aid.
All IVHQ programs are required to adhere to IVHQ’s Risk Management Policy.
All volunteers have access to 24/7 in-country support from our local team.
Protecting against COVID-19:
Learn more about IVHQ’s safety
Essential country information
Capital
San Jose
Population
5 million
Languages
Spanish
Currency
Costa Rican Colón (CRC)
Time zone
UTC−06:00
Weather and climate: Costa Rica is unequivocally a tropical country. Although you get much cooler temperatures in the mountains, the average annual temperature for most of the country lies between 71°F (21.7°C) and 81°F (27°C). The coolest months are from November through to January, and the warmest months are from March through to May. San Jose stands at approximately 1170 meters altitude and has a mean annual temperature of 69°F (20.6°C).
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Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare – Children’s hospital B 1235
Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: Pediatrics and Childcare This Children’s hospital is located at 1235 – San José, Recife PE, 50670-901. It is one of 207 Children’s Hospitals B Brazil. The address of Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare is Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 – San José, Recife – PE, 50670-901, Brazil hc-ufpe/especialidades3Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: paediatrics and childcare can be contacted on 558121263691Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: Pediatrics & Childcare has been rated 2 (out of 5 stars) by 2 reviewers online.
Some places around Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: paediatrics and childcare are located –
UFPE Clinical Hospital
(University Hospital) Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 – Cidade Universitária, Recife – PE, 50670-901, Brazil (approx. 105 meters)
Clinical Hospital – HC-UFPE: Cardiology
(Heart Hospital) Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 – San José, Recife – PE, 50670-901, Brazil (approx. 100 meters)
general surgery
(Hospital) Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 – San Jose, Recife – PE, 50670-901, Brazil (approx. 100 meters)
Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and child care
(Children’s Hospital) Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 – San José, Recife – PE, 50670-901, Brazil (approx. 100 meters)
Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: Psychology
(Psychiatric Hospital) Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 – San Jose, Recife – PE, 50670-901, Brazil (approx. 100 meters)
Death Check Service
(Government office) Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n – Cidade Universitária, Recife – PE, Brazil (approx. 221 meters)
Dentistry course
(Preparatory School) Av. Da Engenharia, 14-156 – Cidade Universitária, Recife – PE, Brazil (approx. 275 meters)
24 hour bank
(ATM) R. Gen. Polidoro, 1050 – Varzea, Recife – PE, 50740-050, Brazil (approx. 366 meters)
Distance From Major Landmarks
The distance between Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare and Clinical Hospital – HC-UFPE: cardiology is approximately 100 meters
The distance between Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: Pediatrics and Childcare and General Surgery is approximately 100 meters
The distance between Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare and Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: Psychology is approximately 100 meters
The distance between Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: Pediatrics and Childcare and General Surgery is approximately 100 meters
Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 – San José, Recife – PE, 50670-901, Brazil
Location
FAQs:
What is the contact number for Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and child care?
The contact number of Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare is 558121263691.
Does Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: paediatrics and childcare have a website?
Yes, the Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: Pediatrics and Childcare website is http://www.ebserh.gov.br/web/hc-ufpe/especialidades3.
What is the ranking of Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare?
The Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE rating for pediatrics and childcare is 2 out of 5 stars.
What is the address of Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare?
The address of Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare is Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 – San Jose, Recife – PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
Where is Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: pediatrics and childcare located?
Hospital das Clínicas – HC-UFPE: Pediatrics and Childcare located at 1235 – San José, Recife PE, 50670-901.
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University of San Jose California – Study America
Maria Guryeva
Tutor and Educational Consultant in the USA
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San Jose University (SJSU) is the oldest public educational institution in California. Being a large university, the university has more than 134 bachelor’s and master’s degrees with 110 specialties. SJSU’s location in downtown San Jose California – the heart of Silicon Valley – makes the learning environment exceptionally rewarding for students. Firms and agencies in Silicon Valley accept SJSU students for internships, summer work programs, and to help with research and development projects. San Jose State University defines its mission as “to enrich the lives of its students, to impart knowledge along with the necessary skills to apply it to serve our society, and to expand the knowledge base through research.” California State University San Jose is a great place to learn, grow and thrive!
Facts about the university
Founded: 1857
Type of institution: university, public
Degrees: Bachelor’s (4 years), Master’s
Application Fee: $55
Religious Affiliation: No
Campus Enrollment: 32,773 students
Graduate Starting Salary: from $56,100/year
University History and Grounds
California State University San Jose was founded in 1857 and is therefore considered one of the oldest universities on the West Coast. It was originally a regular school for teachers established under the California State University system. At 1935 became a public college and received university status in 1972. San Jose State University is located close to downtown and its museums, but the elegant buildings and lush lawns transport students and visitors to another era. Like most universities, the campus is a mix of old and new, and one of the “new” buildings is the modern Martin Luther King Jr. Library building.
The main campus covers 154 acres in downtown San Jose, California. The four oldest buildings, the remains of the original campus 1910th century – Tower Hall, Morris Daley Hall, Washington Square Hall and Dwight Bentel Hall. The campus contains more than 50 large buildings (23 academic buildings, 7 hostels) in 19 city blocks. The main entrance is at Fourth and San Carlos Streets.
The 62-acre South Campus, approximately 1.5 miles south of the main SJSU campus, is home to the stadium, athletic fields, and Spartan Village student housing. The University of San Jose boasts a year-round Olympic-sized swimming pool that is the largest in Northern California. The Center has basketball and racquetball courts, a small gym and climbing wall, and hosts rock concerts and other events. The Students’ Union has a bowling alley, cafeteria, bookstore, and games room.
Study Programs
The University of San Jose is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. It currently grants bachelor’s and master’s degrees. There are no doctoral programs. Bachelor’s degrees are awarded in a number of different disciplines, including:
African American Studies,
Art and Design, Aviation,
Science and Humanities,
Economics,
environmental studies,
industrial and systems engineering,
meteorology,
nursing,
recreation and leisure,
social sciences and theater arts.
Master’s degrees are awarded in 65 fields, the main ones being:0101 arts,
education
English,
chemistry,
marine sciences,
economics,
history,
social work and interdisciplinary studies.
The Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) is also awarded. You can learn more about study programs on the official website of the university. The city campus has about 30,000 students (including international students). Statistically, Silicon Valley employs more San Jose University alumni than any other college or university.
Tuition fees
The University of San Jose is committed to providing affordable, high quality education. Undergraduate tuition in 2020 is $7,852 for California residents and $19,732 for international students. Master’s studies in 2020 will cost $9,286 for a resident and $18,790 for others. This is excellent value for money for one of the best colleges in the country and low tuition fees compared to neighboring universities in Silicon Valley. 62 students (0.23% of undergraduate students) received a grant or scholarship, with an average of $8,795.
Maria Guryeva
Do you have any questions? Ask, I will answer.
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A-HOTEL.com – Zadún, a Ritz-Carlton Reserve Hotel, San José del Cabo, Mexico
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Boulevard Mar de Cortez
, San Jose del Cabo
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(4.2 km from center
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Offering a restaurant, Zadun, A Ritz-Carlton Reserve is located in San José del Cabo, 2. 6 km from La Playita Beach. It features an outdoor pool and a fitness centre. Free private parking is available on site. The hotel has a bar. The property has a garden and a private beach. Room service is available. There is an ATM in the hotel building. The property provides ticket service.
This 5-star hotel offers a hammam and children’s playground. Guests at Zadun, A Ritz-Carlton Reserve will be able to enjoy activities in and around San José del Cabo, like cycling.
Puerto Los Cabos is 2 km away and San Jose Estuary is 7 km away. The nearest airport is Los Cabos International Airport, 12 km from Zadun, A Ritz-Carlton Reserve. An airport shuttle can be arranged for an extra fee.
922 EUR
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Zadun, a Ritz-Carlton Reserve
Boulevard Mar de Cortez, San José del Cabo
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Accommodation Nearby Zadun, a Ritz-Carlton Reserve
Casa dos amigos
0.6km
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Zadun, a Ritz-Carlton Reserve
*****
Mexico
, San Jose del Cabo
01. 10.22, 7:09
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Living in nearby towns
Santa Rosa (2 hotels)
– 6 km
Santa Catarina
– 7 km
San Jose Viejo
– 8 km
La Laguna (4 hotels)
– 9 km
Guayabo (1 hotel)
– 9 km
El Bedito (18 hotels)
– 11 km
Santa Anita
– 12 km
La Canteria
– 14 km
El Paraje (1 hotel)
– 16 km
El Cardoncito
– 17 km
Zadun, A Ritz-Carlton Reserve, San Jose del Cabo
org/BreadcrumbList”>
Mexico
Baja California Sur
San Jose del Cabo
Pets allowed
Availability
At
Offering a restaurant, Zadun, A Ritz-Carlton Reserve is located in San José del Cabo, 2.6 km from La Playita Beach. It features an outdoor pool and a fitness centre. Free private parking is available on site. The hotel has a bar. The property has a garden and a private beach. Room service is available. There is an ATM in the hotel building. The property provides ticket service.
This 5-star hotel offers a hammam and children’s playground. Guests at Zadun, A Ritz-Carlton Reserve will be able to enjoy activities in and around San José del Cabo, like cycling.
Puerto Los Cabos is 2 km away and San Jose Estuary is 7 km away. The nearest airport is Los Cabos International Airport, 12 km from Zadun, A Ritz-Carlton Reserve. An airport shuttle can be arranged for an extra fee.
Facilities and services
Nearby, nearby
Restaurants and cafes
Buzzards Bar and Grill Cafe/bar
1.9 km
Toro’s Pizza Cafe/Bar
2.6 km
Teachers Coffee Cafe/bar
5. 0 km
La Mexico Cafe/Bar
5.0 km
Drinking Time Cafe/bar
5.0 km
Villa Tranquilidad Cafe/Bar
900.0 m
In the vicinity
Plaza Central
5.0 km
Mamoyas
6.0 km
Parque Sumiko Sanay
7. 0 km
Beaches in the vicinity
LA PLAYITA
2.6 km
La Playita Beach
150.0 m
Nature
Nearest airports
Major attractions
* Actual distances may vary as they are measured in straight lines.
General conditions
Checkin: 00:00 – 00:00
Checkout: 09:00 – 12:00
Location
Boulevard Mar de Cortez, 23403 San José del Cabo, México
Availability
Important Information
Due to the coronavirus (COVID-19), masks are mandatory in all common areas of this property.
All information and photographs are the property of the hotel owner. Zadun, A Ritz-Carlton Reserve.
Jobs Nanny in San Jose, vacancies on Flagma
There are no jobs in San Jose that matched your criteria. Pay attention to vacancies in other cities.
Simakova G.E., FOP | Kyiv, UA
in San Francisco 68 km, full time, work experience from 1 year and above, higher education
Need a nanny in the USA for 6 months for a baby of 2.5 months. There is only one child in the family. Mom is Russian, husband is German-Italian, friendly family, they travel a lot. Work schedule 6/1, from 7-8 (as the baby wakes up) to 19.00 Responsibilities include: looking after…
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September 2, 2021
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in California City 429 km, full time
VACANCY: Nanny in USA
Work for half a year
Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off
Very wealthy family
Living with an employer
The family provides food
Family travel
Place of work: USA
Salary: $3000 per. ..
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July 5, 2022
Home Staff, s.r.o. | Prague, CZ
in California City 429 km, full time, work experience from 1 year and above
Urgent! We invite you to work in the family NANNY.
California, USA
RFP: $3,000. The family pays for the travel expenses.
Two children: 3 and 5 years old.
Rotational method of work 3/3 months; 6/1.
EU citizenship + visa (we help).
It is important that the nanny has experience and…
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June 29, 2022
Simakova G.E., FLP | Kyiv, UA
in San Francisco 68 km, full time, work experience from 1 year and above
Russian-speaking families in America are constantly looking for domestic staff. If you are 20-60 years old and you have a US visa, we will arrange for you to work in a Russian-speaking American family! No prepayments on the territory of Ukraine before departure. Approval…
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September 2, 2021
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in San Francisco 68 km, full time
VACANCY: Housekeeper in the USA
Ukrainian family
Place of work: USA
Homestay work
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: from $2000 per month
Responsibilities:
– House cleaning 270 sq. m.
-Putting order in …
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August 5, 2022
Your Nanny FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Penn Hills, full time
VACANCY: Nanny – caregiver in the USA with homestay Schedule 5 working days a week Family provides meals Flight at the expense of the family Location of work: USA, Pennsylvania Salary: 2500 dollars per day month Responsibilities: -Care for two…
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13 hours ago
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Chicago, full-time
VACANCY: Nanny – caregiver in the USA Work for 1 year Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off Live-in work with employer Family provides food Flight at the expense of the family Workplace: USA Salary: $ 2800 per month Responsibilities:…
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7 days ago
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Michigan City, full time
VACANCY: Nanny – Educator in the USA, Michigan
Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off
Very wealthy family
Living with an employer
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: $3,500 per. ..
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23 days ago
Zolotova Lika, FLP | Zaporozhye, UA
in California, full time
Two children: 3 and 5 years old.
Shift work: 3/3 months.
Working hours: 6/1.
It is important that the nanny is experienced and knows how to handle two young children. How to overcome conflicts between children. I understood…
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August 23, 2022
Yatskovskaya M.K., FOP | Melitopol, UA
in California, full time
We are applying for a job up to a Nanny. California, USA. RFP: 3000 dollars. Witrati on the road sіm’ya pay. Two children: 3 and 5 years. Rotational work method: 3/3 months; 6/1. Gromadyanstvo EU + visa. It’s important that the nanny was certified and knew that…
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August 12, 2022
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Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Chicago, full time
VACANCY: Nanny in USA, Chicago
Work for half a year
Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off
Very wealthy family
Living with an employer
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: $3500 per. ..
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August 11, 2022
Your Nanny, FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Chicago, part-time
VACANCY: Nanny in the USA
Schedule 2/2 with a second nanny
Place of work: USA
Homestay work
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: from 1800 dollars per month
Responsibilities:
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August 5, 2022
Your Nanny FLP | Kyiv, UA
in Atlanta, full time
VACANCY: Nanny in Atlanta, USA
Schedule 5 days a week, 2 days off
Living with an employer
The family provides food
Family travel
Salary: $3500 per month
Responsibilities:
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July 29, 2022
Family Service Agency, ChP | Kyiv, UA
in Washington, full time, work experience from 5 years and above, vocational secondary
Obov’yazkova nayavnist vіzi in the United States, auto rights. Obov’yazki: Take two children at the cages 1. 6 years and 5 years. Drive by car to the nursery until the 8th wound. For the duration of the day – private cleaning of the house, …
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July 9, 2022
Mira, Corporation | Kyiv, UA
in San Diego, full time, work experience from 1 year and above
A Russian-speaking family needs a nanny and a housekeeper all rolled into one. Three children 5 and 6 years old boys and a girl 2 years old. Main responsibilities: cleaning a 2-storey house, cooking, collecting children for school and garden. Requirements for a woman: age…
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Mira, Corporation | Kyiv, UA
in Houston, full time, work experience from 1 year and above, vocational secondary
Need a nanny and housekeeper for a family with one child, girl 4 years old. The child is the priority! The girl needs to be collected in the morning for school, the parents themselves take and bring. She is at school until 15:00/15:30. Cooking for the girl, cleaning the nursery. ..
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Family Service Agency, ChP | Kyiv, UA
in New York, full time, work experience from 1 year and above, vocational secondary
Need a nanny with US visa or green card, US residence permit. A 7-month-old baby needs professional round-the-clock care. Parents’ requirements – spoken Ukrainian and English.
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May 26, 2022
Family Service Agency, ChP | Kyiv, UA
in Washington, full time, work experience from 1 year and above
Nanny required with an open US visa for a child of 1 year 4 months. Experience working with families preferred.
Responsibilities: caring for a 1.4-year-old child – hygiene, cooking for two children, feeding, walking, development. Help with an older child aged 8…
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May 26, 2022
Marushchak S.M., FLP | Nikolaev, UA
in Florida City, full time
Accommodation: Free
Need a nanny for a 1. 4 year old girl. The family is Russian-speaking. Place of work – USA, Florida. Responsibilities – full care, development, organization of leisure, walks and everything related to the child. There is a housekeeper and a cook. Schedule – 5/2,…
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February 24, 2022
Simakova G.E., FLP | Kyiv, UA
in New York, full time, work experience from 2 years and above
Since mid-March.*The family lives in a house of 450 sq. m. 40 minutes from Manhattan (New York). 4 people (2 adults and two children) Children girls 3 years and a boy 2 months. The eldest goes to kindergarten, and the youngest is with a nanny all day. In the morning you need to raise …
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February 23, 2022
Hotels San Jose Pinula, Guatemala | Rent a room from 457 RUB per night
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Hotel Paraiso, San Jose PinulaHotel
View on map 200 m from city center 1. 3 km from hotel city center
Price from
RUB 686
/nightSelect
N/A
El Tular Santuario Natural Villa San Jose PinulaRecreation center
View on map 2.6 km from the hotel City center 1.3 km from the hotel City center
and a golf course in a villa located in a popular area.
Price from
RUB 4 803
/nightSelect
N/A
Hotel Y Resort Quinta Del Sol San José PinulaHotel
See on the map 2.1 km from the city center 900 m from the hotel 900 m from the city center
playground available for children.
Price from
RUB 4 403
/nightSelect
N/A
Hotel Don Chinto, CabanasHotel
View on map 3.3 km from city center
Price from
RUB 2,802
/nightSelect
N/A
Luna Llena, Parque De MontanaLuxury tent
See on map4.6 km from city center
Featuring a playground and board games for guests with children, this villa is located 4 km from the city centre.
Price from
RUB 3,717
/nightSelect
N/A
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Radisson Hotel And Suites Guatemala CityHotel 912.9 km from San José Pinula 12.9 km from the hotel City center 12.9 km from the hotel and barbecue grill.
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Nostalgic Hostel B&BHostel
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Hotel AjauHotel
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Hotel El Meson GuatemalaHotel
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Situated next to the National Palace Guatemala, the hotel has 1 rooms patio.
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Conquistador Hotel & Conference CenterHotel
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Hotel Estacion Gerona Bed & BreakfastBed and Breakfast
See on the map 14.0 km from the hotel San Jose Pinula 14.0 km from the city center highlands of Guatemala, near the National Palace.
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HistoricoHotel
View on map16.2 km from San José Pinula16.2 km from the hotel City center
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Hotel Metropolitano GuatemalaHotel
See on map 15.3 km from San José Pinula 15.3 km from hotel City center 15.3 km from hotel
The hotel is located a few steps from the Cathedral of Guatemala City and offers 16 rooms overlooking the city.
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Casa Familiar La ArboledaHomestay
See on map 11.6 km from the hotel San José Pinula 11.6 km from the hotel City center
Located in Zona 16 district and 4.9 km from Ciudad Ecological Park, this villa provides a fully equipped kitchen with an electric kettle, dishwasher and coffee maker.
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Hotel Ajau Colonial GuatemalaHotel
View on mapSan Jose Pinula 14.9 km from hotel City center 14.9 km from hotel
This family-run hotel is located in the Litegua 1 district, close to Zona 1.
Very good1414 reviews10
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RUB 1,944
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Hilton Guatemala City, GuatemalaHotel
See on map 8.7 km from the hotel San Jose Pinula 8.7 km from the hotel City center
The kitchen of the hotel offers amazing views of the mountains and serves Mediterranean cuisine2 luxurious rooms.
Excellent5656 reviews10
Price from
RUB 5 889
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Hotel CantabriaHotel
See on map 14. 9 km from San José Pinula 14.9 km from City Center
This hotel is located close to Maya World Day Tours in the heart of Guatemala and offers 8 rooms.
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Hotel Ciudad ViejaHotel
View on map 12.9 km from the hotel San José Pinula 12.9 km from the hotel City center 12.9 km from the hotel
and offers 26 rooms overlooking the garden.
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San Gregorio Hotel & SpaHotel
View on map 14.8 km from the hotel San José Pinula 14.8 km from the hotel City center and excellent location in Villa Canales It offers comfortable rooms, as well as facials and massages.
Price from
RUB 7 262
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Posada Belen Museo InnHotel
View on map 14. 6 km from the hotel San Jose Pinula 14.6 km from the hotel City center
The hotel is located near the Paseo de la Sexta in Guatemala and consists of 10 rooms in colonial style.
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Price from
RUB 2,058
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Suites Jardin ImperialAparthotel
See on map 11.2 km from the hotel San José Pinula 11.2 km from the hotel City center
Ideal11 reviews10
Select
N/A
Stanza Hotel & SpaHotel
there is an indoor pool.
Select
N/A
Casa JocotenangoBed and breakfast
See on map 15.9 km from San José Pinula 15.9 km from the hotel City center at 15.9km from the hotel
This budget hotel provides a convenient base for exploring Guatemala, with Musac and Cerrito del Carmen nearby.
Very good99 reviews10
Price from
RUB 2,516
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Hotel CapriHotel
See on map14. 6 km from the hotel San Jose Pinula14.6 km from the hotel City center
Located next to Pasaje Tatuana, the hotel has 66 rooms overlooking the city.
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Hotel ExcelHotel
See on map14.7 km from San José Pinula 14.7 km from hotel City center
The hotel is located near Zoológico Nacional La Aurora and offers views of the garden from the rooms.
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Bed & Breakfast AjbeBed and breakfast
View on map 12.0 km from San José Pinula 12.0 km from the hotel City center 12.0 km from the hotel
Located in the Zona 15 district, a few steps from Ixxell Local Costume Museum, this hotel offers 8 rooms with garden views.
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RUB 4 288
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Ac Hotel By Marriott Guatemala CityHotel
See on map 11. 0 km from San José Pinula 11.0 km from hotel City center 11.0 km from hotel
Located in a resort area, this hotel offers a shared lounge and library, as well as nearby Plaza Fontabella Shopping Mall.
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Hotel Belvedere GuatemalaHotel
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Bed and Breakfast Give House GuatemalaBed and breakfast
View map 14.8 km from San Jose Pinula 14.8 km from city center
90. from Museo de Musicos Invisibles, offers guests a continental breakfast.
Excellent1414 reviews10
Price from
RUB 2,173
/nightSelect
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Hotel Casa Salome GuatemalaHotel
View on map16. 1 km from San José Pinula 16.1 km from the hotel City Center
Museum Cathedral of Guatemala City is located nearby.
Excellent77 reviews10
Price from
RUB 3,945
/nightSelect
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Naths Apartment GuatemalaApartment
See on map 10.7 km from San José Pinula10.7 km from City Center
This apartment features 3 bedrooms, an indoor pool and a terrace.
Excellent11 reviews10
Price from
RUB 4,689
/nightSelect
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Quetzalroo Boutique Hostel Guatemala Hostel
View on map 12.7 km from the hotel San Jose Pinula 12.7 km from the hotel City center
Hostel located 30 minutes walk from the center of Bovatana , offers rooms overlooking the terrace.
Very good11 reviews10
Price from
RUB 2,287
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Hotel De Don Pedro GuatemalaHotel
View on map 17 rooms with city view.
Price from
RUB 2,287
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Hotel Vista Quince GuatemalaHotel
See on the map 10.0 km from the hotel San Jose Pinula 10.0 km from the hotel City center 10.0 km from the hotel a la carte on site.
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Villas SantanderHotel
View on map10.8 km from San Jose Pinula10.8 km from City Center
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Cayalito Apart Hotel GuatemalaHotel
See on the map 10.8 km from the hotel San Jose Pinula 10.8 km from the city center
The hotel is located 8 km from the center, playground and playroom available for children.
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Hotel Vista Encantada Villa CanalesHotel
See on the map 9.8 km from the hotel San Jose Pinula 9.8 km from the city center
Price from
RUB 4 060
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Alojamiento Exclusivo En Zona 16Guest house
See on the map 10.1 km from the hotel San José Pinula 10.1 km from the hotel City center
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Guest house 90 Delsque Hotel 90 Delsque N/A
Guest house0003
See on map10.1 km from San José Pinula10.1 km from City Center
Price from
RUB 2,573
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Casa VerdeGuest house
See on map 15.0 km from San José Pinula 15.0 km from hotel City center
The hotel is a short drive from the National Palace and invites guests to visit the a la carte restaurant at territory.
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Not available
View on map 14. 2 km from San Jose Pinula 14.2 km from City Center
Select
N/A
Beautiful 1 Bedroom Apartment In Shift CayalaApartment
View on map San Jose Pinula 10 km from City Center. 10.5 km from the hotel
Select
N/A
Silver Inn0002 Select
N/A
Cozy Stays Cayala Apartments 5Apartments
View on map 10.5 km from the hotel San José Pinula 10.5 km from the hotel City center
Price from
RUB 5 318
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Hermoso Loft En Casa Antigua En Zona 1Apartment
See on map 15.0 km from San José Pinula 15.0 km from hotel City center
Select 9000 Nice3
Stay2 N/A 900 Homes Share0 family
Price from
RUB 5,718
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Cozy Stays Cayala Apartments 7Apartment
View map to the mountains.
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Understanding the Five Domains of Early Childhood Development
From birth to death, living and learning go hand-in-hand. However, nothing quite compares to the first few years of our lives, when we first learn to walk, talk, and interact with other people and our environments — as well as process how these things make us feel. Although children progress at different rates, there are a number of key milestones each individual should hit as they develop. When a deficiency is recorded, early intervention services can be administered to try to minimize or limit the effects of a suspected intellectual or developmental disability.
To determine eligibility for early intervention, a child will either receive a qualifying diagnosis (such as autism) or display a 25% or greater delay in one or more of the five domains of development. These include: physical, cognitive, communicative, socioemotional, and adaptive. Let’s take a glance at each of these areas, what they entail, and what to look for.
Physical
This domain involves the senses (taste, touch, sight, smell, hearing, and proprioception — or bodily awareness of one’s orientation in space), gross motor skills (major movements involving large muscles), and fine motor skills (involving small muscles, particularly of the fingers and hands).
Humans develop physical ability directionally, from top to bottom and the center outward. A baby will at first have the ability to turn the head and sit upright, before being able to reach, grab, and eventually walk and run as they progress into toddlerhood (2-3 years). All the while child should be able to instinctively respond and react to stimuli in his or her physical environment.
Cognitive
The cognitive domain of development refers to the ability to mentally process information — to think, reason, and understand what’s happening around you. Developmental psychologist Jean Piaget divided cognitive development into four distinct stages.
During the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development (0-2 years), humans are essentially limited to perceiving the world on a purely sensory level. And adult makes a funny face at you? Laugh at what you see. Dangles a toy in front of you? Reach for it.
By the time a child reaches the preoperational stage (2-6 years), he or she is beginning to incorporate language into his or her analysis of people and surroundings. However, in most cases, logical functioning isn’t quite there yet — the child may yet have trouble “putting it all together.”
Prior to hitting puberty, a child should have arrived in the concrete operational stage (7-11 years), where he or she can process events and information at face value, but will still generally not be able to accommodate abstracts or hypotheticals.
Persons 12 years and up are said to be in the formal operational stage, able to perform the intricate mental gymnastics that make human beings so remarkable. Thinking in the abstract — such as envisioning hypothetical scenarios, forming strategies, and parsing through different viewpoints — becomes a regular part of interfacing with one’s reality.
Communicative
The ability to comprehend, utilize, and manipulate language may be the single most powerful skill a person can develop. The four aspects of language development are phonology (forming a language’s constituent sounds into words), syntax (fitting those words together into sentences according to language’s rules and conventions), semantics (meaning and shades of meaning), and pragmatics (how the language is applied in practical and interpersonal communication). The maturation of verbal communication skills can vary markedly between individuals — but by two years, many toddlers are capable of at least telegraphic speech, simple sentences communicating the essence of a want or need.
Socioemotional
To truly thrive, we must learn to exist peacefully within ourselves and coexist with others. As a child develops within the socioemotional dimension, he or she learns how to successfully regulate his or her own internal emotional state and read the social cues of others. Strong emotions can be controlled or expressed properly; confrontation can be managed without violence; we can evolve empathy toward others.
By 6 months, a baby should be reacting to facial expressions and reciprocating.
By a year, clear preferences in terms of likes and dislikes should begin to surface — as well as recognition of the familiar versus the unfamiliar.
By two years, a child should be engaging in parallel play with his or her peers. Each child may be involved in a separate activity, but they are interested in each other’s activities and comfortable in each other’s company.
By three years, the awareness of self should have begun to form, and an ability to express feelings.
By four years, the child should be able to cooperate with others, abide by simple rules, and manage emotions without tantrums or aggression.
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Adaptive
Adaptive development refers to the self-care component of growing up, taking care of things like eating, drinking, toileting, bathing and getting dressed independently. It also entails being aware of one’s environment and any hazards it may pose, keeping oneself safe and protected. A child should have made significant progress in these areas before his or her fourth birthday.
If you suspect a deficiency in any of these areas, do not hesitate to apply for ECCM’s Early Intervention Services and get your child back on the right track. Early intervention may help minimize the need for further services and supports down the road and maximize a child’s potential.
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Domains of Development – Human Development
Domains of Development
Human development is comprised of four major domains: physical development, cognitive development, social-emotional development, and language development. Each domain, while unique in it’s own, has much overlap with all other domains. It is important to understand these concepts, because everything related to human development can be traced back to these four domains.
Physical Development Physical development is defined as the biological changes that occur in the body and brain, including changes in size and strength, integration of sensory and motor activities, and development of fine and gross motor skills.
Physical development in children follows a directional pattern. Muscles in the body’s core, legs and arms develop before those in the fingers and hands. Children learn how to perform gross (or large) motor skills such as walking before they learn to perform fine (or small) motor skills such as drawing. Muscles located at the core of the body become stronger and develop sooner than those in the feet and hands. Physical development goes from the head to the toes.
As kids enter the preschool years, their diets become much more similar to that of adults. Eating a variety of foods is also important to ensure that kids get the nutrients that they need for healthy physical development. Instead of allowing children to fill up on juice and milk, experts recommend limiting the intake of such drinks. If a child is filling up on juice and milk, then they are probably missing out on eating other foods.
Cognitive Development Cognitive development is defined as the changes in the way we think, understand, and reason about the world. As mentioned under the Roles of the Theorists tab Jean Piaget developed great theories regarding the cognitive development of children. Piaget’s stages of cognitive development illustrates a child’s growth.
Stages of Cognitive Development
Social-emotional Development Social-emotional development is defined as the changes in the ways we connect to other individuals and express and understand emotions.
The core features of emotional development include the ability of a child to identify and understand their own feelings, to accurately read and comprehend emotional states of others, to manage strong emotions and their expression in a beneficial manner, to regulate their own behavior, to develop empathy for others, and to establish and maintain relationships.
Healthy social-emotional development for infants and toddlers develops in an interpersonal context, specifically that of positive ongoing relationships with familiar and nurturing adults. Emotion and cognition work together, informing the child’s impressions of situations and influencing behavior.
Children will experience a range of emotional and cognitive development related to interactions and relationships with adults and peers, identity of self, recognition of ability, emotional expression, emotional control, impulse control, and social understanding.
Below is a video explaining the social and emotional development a child should experience from birth through childhood.
Language Development Infants understand words before they can say. In other words, comprehension precedes production of language. Children differ enormously in the rate at which they develop language.
The four different aspects of language include all of the following; phonology – the sounds that make up the language, syntax – the grammar of the language, semantics – the meanings of words, and pragmatics – how we use language in social situations to communicate.
Two areas of the brain are particularly important for language development and use: Broca’s area is important for the production of speech, and Wernicke’s area is important for understanding and making sense out of speech.
Children move through stages of language development, but there is a good deal of variability from child to child in the age at which each stage appears. Before they are able to use words, infants communicate by crying, cooing, babbling, and gesturing. Infants and toddlers begin verbalizing by using one word at a time and then create primitive sentences when they put two words together. When children make sentences that contain only the essential words this is called telegraphic speech. Fast mapping allows children to add words to rapidly to their vocabulary.
Below is a video demonstrating the four stages of language development
Developmental Domains of Early Childhood
First published July 2011. Updated 2018.
I’m going to sound a bit like a textbook right now. I’m sorry. Bear with me. You’ll be glad you did…I hope. 🙂
I was taught in my early childhood courses that there are 6 domains of early childhood development. I say there are 7, but we’ll get to that later…
All home school, preschools, and daycare programs should aim to address each of these developmental domains when teaching a young child.
This concept of developmental domains is the foundation for the content of I Can Teach My Child. Everything I post relates to one of the childhood development domains below. I try to make sure there is a variety of activities (not all alphabet activities, for example), but obviously the Social/Emotional and Self-Help/Adaptive domains won’t have the depth or breadth as the others.
Gross Motor Development
This involves learning to use all of the “big” muscles in our body. Crawling, walking, running, skipping, jumping, and climbing are all examples of gross motor activity.
Activities To Practice Gross Motor Development:
Gross Motor Action Dice
Baby Obstacle Course
DIY Soccer Goal
Rough-&-tumble play with Daddy is great for gross motor development!
Fine Motor Development
Fine motor activities teach hand-eye coordination. These type of activities require a child to learn to precisely control the muscles in the hands. Things like coloring, writing, cutting with scissors, using tweezers, tearing paper, etc. all help build fine motor skills.
Activities To Practice Fine Motor Skills:
Bird Feeder Activity
I Love You To Pieces Craft
Rainbow Pot of Gold Treat
Language Development
This developmental domain includes alphabetics, phonemic awareness, oral, and written language. Even though your little one won’t be able to read for several years, you can (and most definitely should) read to her. Talking about things throughout the day (even when it feels silly) is especially important as well. Learning the ABC’s (as well as the sounds each letter makes) is another example of a language activity.
Language Development Activities:
Animal Sounds For Toddlers
The Ultimate Guide To Dr Seuss Activities
Wordless Picture Books
These Heart Breaker Number Puzzles are a great way to reinforce one one-to-one correspondence and number recognition.
Social and Emotional Development
Your child is a social being! Learning to “play” (especially with others) is a skill. “Teaching” in this domain also involves making sure a child feels safe and nurtured. Manners and using kind words might also be examples included in this domain.
Social & Emotional Development Activities:
14 Ways To Demonstrate Love To Your Child
Feeling Buddies Review
Best Board Games for Young Children
Feelings Matching & Memory Game
Peek-a-Boo Christmas Tree
Make A Cup Telephone
Counting Kisses Game with Toddler
Little Brother and his baby friend learning to share
Self-Help or Adaptive Development
Activities in this developmental domain include learning to dress oneself, feed oneself, using the toilet, brushing teeth, bathing, tying shoes, etc. Everything that a child needs to know to start being more independent could be included in this domain.
Big Brother likes to help Little Brother get clean
Adaptive Development Resources:
7 Tips for Transitioning To A Big Kid Bed
How To Teach Kids To Tie Shoes
Goal Setting For Kids
Getting Kids Putting On Shoes
Your Child’s Development
The main thing to know about the developmental domains is they are all equally important (hence the equal parts of the pie).
Running, jumping, and climbing are just important for a child as learning the ABC’s. Most of all, let your child be a child!!! After all, if they don’t have time to be a kid now, when will they?
Each of these domains are also interrelated. For example; when your baby starts crawling (a gross motor milestone), he will also be enhancing his cognitive abilities by learning about the world around him. Learning new words will encourage him to participate more in social situations.
Just watch your child for a few minutes and you will see how each domain affects the others!
The 7th Developmental Domain: Spiritual & Moral
Finally, I told you earlier that I think that there are actually 7 domains. You won’t find this one in any textbooks! Unlike the others, I think that the spiritual domain is the most important and I will make no apologies for it.
Teaching your child to love and obey God is the most important thing you can ever do! Recognizing the difference between right and wrong will fall in place if you are simultaneously teaching and modeling God’s love. In my opinion, this is the area that is most lacking in our culture today. And if parents don’t teach it, who will???
These Advent Boxes helped us capture the true meaning of Christmas.
Spiritual & Moral Development Activities:
A Proverb A Day Handwriting Practice
Birthday Box Ideas
Blessing Bags
Scripture Cookies
David and Goliath Craft
Books of the Bible Activities for Kids
Sunday School Activities for Toddlers & Preschoolers
Whole Child Development Research for Inclusive Play
Physical, Social-Emotional, Sensory, Cognitive, and Communication
Playgrounds can be special places where the developmental needs of all children, including those with disabilities, can be secured by intentionally providing opportunities for physical, social-emotional, sensory, cognitive, and communicative benefits of play.
Children with disabilities need to be able to explore and interact with objects and the environment to support their physical development. Investing in inclusive play for children with disabilities requires supporting their interactions with peers to develop social learning, problem solving, social exchanges, cooperation, turn-taking, roles, and the empathy necessary for social and emotional development.
The coordination of joint activity, which occurs across the social environment of play, is critical to cognitive development and must be available to children with disabilities.
Positive sensory development requires children with disabilities be able to regulate their sensory input within an environment.
Communication development occurs when children with disabilities are able to independently model social interactions and effectively communicate with their peers.
Researchers, educators, and early childhood professionals have emphasized the interrelatedness and interdependence of developmental domains and processes. The developmental domains are linked not only with one another, but also with factors such as culture, social relationships, experience, physical health, mental health, and brain functioning. Therefore, the process of creating truly inclusive and embracing play experiences should start with an appreciation of the five domains of child development.
Physical Domain
The domain of physical development involves biological and physical development, which includes gross motor and fine motor skills, and also addresses growth and physical activity. Motor skills allow children to make purposeful movements and learn the physical characteristics of self and the environment.
Social-Emotional Domain
Social opportunities are one of the most important benefits of play for child development. The social-emotional domain includes the child’s experience, expression, and management of emotions and the ability to establish positive relationships with others. It encompasses both intra- and interpersonal processes such as social interaction, cooperation, self-confidence, and community roles. Emotional development includes the ability to identify and understand one’s own feelings, to accurately read and comprehend emotions in others, to manage strong emotions and their expressions, to control one’s own behavior, to develop empathy for others, and to establish and maintain relationships.
Inclusive outdoor environments offer many benefits to support children’s social-emotional development, and for play to be truly inclusive, all children need to be socially included. Quality inclusive outdoor play environments should thoughtfully and intentionally be designed to foster interaction, encourage cooperation, promote self-confidence, and develop a sense of community.
Sensory Domain
The sensory domain includes the seven senses of sight, touch, smell, hearing, taste, vestibular, and proprioception. Often thought of as separate categories, the senses are actually an integrated system that overlap and sometimes conflict with each other. The ability to recognize and interpret sensory stimuli serves as the basis for understanding, learning, and knowing a particular action or reaction, which plays a major role in the physical, social-emotional, communication, and cognitive development of a child.
Sensory-rich outdoor play environments that address the seven senses as an integrated system into the whole environment can effectively provide opportunities for children to seek sensory relief or input. A child’s preferences for sensory stimulation will vary, and their need for sensory stimuli may be adjusted depending on the need for stimulation or need for sensory relief. Children with disabilities may experience (1) heightened sensitivity, (2) sensation avoiding, (3) sensation seeking, and (4) poor registration.
Cognitive Domain
Cognitive development refers to the progressive and continuous growth of perception, memory, imagination, conception, judgment, and reason. Cognition also involves the mental activities of comprehending information and the processes or acquiring, organizing, remembering, and using for problem solving and generalization to novel situations.
Inclusive playgrounds should offer opportunities for children to development cognition as they problem solve, engage in abstract thinking, and learn through motivating experiences and discovery.
Communication Domain
The communication and language domain refers to perceiving, understanding, and producing communication/language. Language development and effective communication capabilities are highly dependent on other developmental domains. For example, the social-emotional domain involves both verbal and nonverbal communication, like receptive, expressive, and pragmatic language. Communication helps children learn to understand or comprehend their wants and needs.
Sources for this article can be found in Me2®: The 7 Principles of Inclusive Playground Design™. Learn more about Innovating the Whole Environment.
Learn more about Inclusive play here.
View these play activities that lead to understanding developmental features in truly inclusive experiences.
Cognitive Development Domain – Child Development (CA Dept of Education)
Foundations
Cause-and-Effect
Spatial Relationships
Problem Solving
Imitation
Memory
Number Sense
Classification
Symbolic Play
Attention Maintenance
Understanding of Personal Care Routines
References
Return to Contents
“The last two decades of infancy research have seen dramatic changes in the way developmental psychologists characterize the earliest stages of cognitive development. The infant, once regarded as an organism driven mainly by simple sensorimotor schemes, is now seen as possessing sophisticated cognitive skills and even sophisticated concepts that guide knowledge acquisition” (Madole and Oakes 1999, 263).
“What we see in the crib is the greatest mind that has ever existed, the most powerful learning machine in the universe” (Gopnik, Meltzoff, and Kuhl 1999, 1).
The term cognitive development refers to the process of growth and change in intellectual/mental abilities such as thinking, reasoning and understanding. It includes the acquisition and consolidation of knowledge. Infants draw on social-emotional, language, motor, and perceptual experiences and abilities for cognitive development. They are attuned to relationships between features of objects, actions, and the physical environment. But they are particularly attuned to people. Parents, family members, friends, teachers, and caregivers play a vital role in supporting the cognitive development of infants by providing the healthy interpersonal or social-emotional context in which cognitive development unfolds. Caring, responsive adults provide the base from which infants can fully engage in behaviors and interactions that promote learning. Such adults also serve as a prime source of imitation.
Cultural context is important to young children’s cognitive development. There is substantial variation in how intelligence is defined within different cultures (Sternberg and Grigorenko 2004). As a result, different aspects of cognitive functioning or cognitive performance may be more highly valued in some cultural contexts than in others. For example, whereas processing speed is an aspect of intelligence that is highly valued within the predominant Western conceptualizations of intelligence, “Ugandan villagers associate intelligence with adjectives such as slow, careful, and active” (Rogoff and Chavajay 1995, 865.). Aspects of intelligence that have to do with social competence appear to be seen as more important than speed in some non-Western cultural contexts (Sternberg and Grigorenko 2004). Certainly, it is crucial for early childhood professionals to recognize the role that cultural context plays in defining and setting the stage for children’s healthy cognitive functioning.
Research has identified a broad range of cognitive competencies and described the remarkable progression of cognitive development during the early childhood years. Experts in the field describe infants as active, motivated, and engaged learners who possess an impressive range of cognitive competencies (National Research Council and Institute of Medicine 2000) and learn through exploration (Whitehurst and Lonigan 1998). Infants demonstrate natural curiosity. They have a strong drive to learn and act accordingly. In fact, they have been described as “born to learn” (National Research Council and Institute of Medicine 2000, 148).
Cause-and-Effect
Everyday experiences—for example, crying and then being picked up or waving a toy and then hearing it rattle—provide opportunities for infants to learn about cause and effect. “Even very young infants possess expectations about physical events” (Baillargeon 2004, 89). This knowledge helps infants better understand the properties of objects, the patterns of human behavior, and the relationship between events and the consequences. Through developing an understanding of cause and effect, infants build their abilities to solve problems, to make predictions, and to understand the impact of their behavior on others.
Foundation: Cause-and-Effect
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Spatial Relationships
Infants learn about spatial relationships in a variety of ways; for example, exploring objects with their mouths, tracking objects and people visually, squeezing into tight spaces, fitting objects into openings, and looking at things from different perspectives (Mangione, Lally, and Signer 1992). They spend much of their time exploring the physical and spatial aspects of the environment, including the characteristics of, and interrelationships between, the people, objects, and the physical space around them (Clements 2004). The development of an understanding of spatial relationships increases infants’ knowledge of how things move and fit in space and the properties of objects (their bodies and the physical environment).
Foundation: Spatial Relationships
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Problem Solving
Infants exhibit a high level of interest in solving problems. Even very young infants will work to solve a problem, for example, how to find their fingers in order to suck on them (National Research Council and Institute of Medicine 2000). Older infants may solve the problem of how to reach an interesting toy that is out of reach by trying to roll toward it or by gesturing to an adult for help. Infants and toddlers solve problems by varied means, including physically acting on objects, using learning schemes they have developed, imitating solutions found by others, using objects or other people as tools, and using trial and error.
Foundation: Problem Solving
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Imitation
Imitation is broadly understood to be a powerful way to learn. It has been identified as crucial in the acquisition of cultural knowledge (Rogoff 1990) and language. Imitation by newborns has been demonstrated for adult facial expressions (Meltzoff and Moore 1983), head movements, and tongue protrusions (Meltzoff and Moore 1989). “The findings of imitation in human newborns highlighted predispositions to imitate facial and manual actions, vocalizations and emotionally laden facial expressions” (Bard and Russell 1999, 93). Infant imitation involves perception and motor processes (Meltzoff and Moore 1999). The very early capacity to imitate makes possible imitation games in which the adult mirrors the child’s behavior, such as sticking out one’s tongue or matching the pitch of a sound the infant makes, and then the infant imitates back. This type of interaction builds over time as the infant and the adult add elements and variations in their imitation games.
Infants engage in both immediate imitation and delayed imitation. Immediate imitation occurs when infants observe and immediately attempt to copy or mimic behavior. For example, immediate imitation can be seen when an infant’s parent sticks out his tongue and the infant sticks out his tongue in response. As infants develop, they are able to engage in delayed imitation, repeating the behavior of others at a later time after having observed it. An example of delayed imitation is a child reenacting part of a parent’s exercise routine, such as lifting a block several times as if it were a weight. Butterworth (1999, 63) sums up the importance of early imitation in the following manner: “Modern research has shown imitation to be a natural mechanism of learning and communication which deserves to be at centre stage in developmental psychology.”
Foundation: Imitation
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Memory
The capacity to remember allows infants and toddlers to differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar people and objects, anticipate and participate in parts of personal care routines, learn language, and come to know the rules of social interaction. The infant’s memory system is quite remarkable and functions at a higher level than was previously believed (Howe and Courage 1993). Although age is not the only determinant of memory functioning, as infants get older they are able to retain information for longer periods of time (Bauer 2004). Infants exhibit long-term recall well before they are able to articulate their past experiences verbally (Bauer 2002b).
The emergence of memory is related to the development of a neural network with various components (Bauer 2002b). Commenting on the different forms and functions of early memory development, Bauer (2002a, 131) states: “It is widely believed that memory is not a unitary trait but is comprised of different systems or processes, which serve distinct functions, and are characterized by fundamentally different rules of operation.” Bauer (2002a, 145) later adds that recent research counters earlier suggestions that preschool-aged children demonstrate little memory capacity and to speculations that younger children and infants demonstrate little or no memory capacity. Bauer (2002a, 145) concludes: “It is now clear that from early in life, the human organism stores information over the long term and that the effects of prior experience are apparent in behavior. In the first months of life, infants exhibit recognition memory for all manner of natural and artificial stimuli.”
Foundation: Memory
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Number Sense
Number sense refers to children’s concepts of numbers and the relationships among number concepts. Research findings indicate that infants as young as five months of age are sensitive to number and are able to discriminate among small sets of up to three objects (Starkey and Cooper 1980; Starkey, Spelke, and Gelman 1990). Infants demonstrate the ability to quickly and accurately recognize the quantity in a small set of objects without counting. This ability is called subitizing.
According to one theoretical perspective, infants’ abilities to discriminate among numbers, for example, two versus three objects, does not reflect “number knowledge. ” Rather, this early skill appears to be based on infants’ perceptual abilities to “see” small arrangements of number (Clements 2004; Carey 2001), or on their ability to notice a change in the general amount of objects they are seeing (Mix, Huttenlocher, and Levine 2002). The alternative view is that the infant’s early sensitivity to number is numerical in nature. In other words, infants have a capacity to distinguish among numbers and to reason about these numbers in numerically meaningful ways (Wynn 1998; Gallistel and Gelman 1992). In some sense, they know that three objects are more than one object. Whether early number sensitivity is solely perceptual in nature or also numerical in nature, developmental theorists agree that it sets the foundation for the later development of children’s understanding of number and quantity.
As children’s understanding and use of language increases, they begin to assimilate language based on number knowledge to their nonverbal knowledge of number and quantity (Baroody 2004). Between 18 and 24 months of age, children use relational words to indicate “more” or “same” as well as number words. They begin to count aloud, typically starting with “one” and continuing with a stream of number names (Fuson 1988; Gelman and Gallistel 1978), although they may omit some numbers and not use the conventional number list (e.g. “one, two, three, seven, nine, ten”). Around the same age, children also begin to count small collections of objects; however, they may point to the same item twice or say a number word without pointing to an object. And they begin to construct an understanding of cardinality (i.e., the last number word is used when counting represents the total number of objects).
Foundation: Number Sense
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Classification
Classification refers to the infant’s developing ability to group, sort, categorize, connect, and have expectations of objects and people according to their attributes. Three-month-olds demonstrate that they expect people to act differently than objects (Legerstee 1997). They also demonstrate the ability to discriminate between smiling and frowning expressions (Barrera and Maurer 1981). Mandler (2000) distinguishes between two types of categorization made by infants: perceptual and conceptual. Perceptual categorization has to do with similarities or differences infants sense, such as similarities in visual appearance. Conceptual categorization has to do with grouping based on what objects do or how they act. According to Mareschal and French (2000, 59), “the ability to categorize underlies much of cognition.” Classification is a fundamental skill in both problem solving and symbolic play.
Foundation: Classification
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Symbolic Play
Symbolic play is a common early childhood behavior also called “pretend play, make-believe play, fantasy play . . . or imaginative play” (Gowen 1995, 75). Representational thinking is a core component of symbolic play. At around eight months of age, infants have learned the functions of common objects (for example, holding a play telephone to “hear” Grandma’s voice). By the time children are around 18 months of age, they use one object to stand for, or represent, another. For example, an 18-month-old may pretend a banana is a telephone. At around 36 months, children engage in make-believe play in which they represent an object without having that object, or a concrete substitute, available. For example, they may make a “phone call” by holding their hand up to their ear.
As children approach 36 months of age, they increasingly engage in pretend play in which they reenact familiar events. Make-believe play allows older infants to try to better understand social roles, engage in communication with others, and revisit and make sense of past experiences. Research suggests that engaging in pretend play appears to be related to young children’s developing understanding of other people’s feelings and beliefs (Youngblade and Dunn 1995). Outdoor environments, such as sandboxes (Moser 1995) or play structures, offer rich opportunities for symbolic play or pretending. Although outdoor play areas are often considered most in terms of motor behavior or physical activity, they also offer special opportunities for symbolic play (Perry 2003). For example, children playing outside may pretend to garden or may use a large wheeled toy to reenact going on a shopping trip.
Foundation: Symbolic Play
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Attention Maintenance
Attention maintenance has been described as a form of cognitive self-regulation. It refers to the infant’s growing ability to exercise control over his attention or concentration (Bronson 2000). Attention maintenance permits infants to gather information, to sustain learning experiences, to observe, and to problem-solve. Infants demonstrate attention maintenance when they attend to people, actions, and things they find interesting even in the presence of distractions. The ability to maintain attention/concentration is an important self-regulatory skill related to learning. There is significant variability in attentiveness even among typically developing children (Ruff and Rothbart 1996).
Foundation: Attention Maintenance
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Understanding of Personal Care Routines
Personal care activities are a routine part of the young child’s daily life. They also present significant opportunities for learning in both child care settings and at home. Infants’ growing abilities to anticipate, understand, and participate in these routines represent a significant aspect of their cognitive functioning, one related to their abilities to understand their relationships with others, their abilities to take care of themselves, and their skills in group participation. At first, young infants respond to the adult’s actions during these routines. Then they begin to participate more actively (O’Brien 1997). Understanding the steps involved in personal care routines and anticipating next steps are skills related to the cognitive foundations of attention maintenance, imitation, memory, cause-and-effect, and problem solving. The cultural perspectives of the adults who care for infants are related to their expectations for the degree of independence or self-initiation children demonstrate during personal care routines. Depending on their cultural experiences, children may vary greatly in their understanding of personal care routines.
Foundation: Understanding of Personal Care Routines
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References
American Academy of Pediatrics. 2004. Caring for Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5 (Fourth edition). Edited by S. P. Shelov and R. E. Hannemann. New York: Bantam Books.
Apfel, N. H., and S. Provence. 2001. Manual for the Infant-Toddler and Family Instrument (ITFI). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing.
Baillargeon, R. 2004. “Infants’ Physical World,” Current Directions in Psychological Science, Vol. 13, No. 3, 89–94.
Bard, K., and C. Russell. 1999. “Evolutionary Foundations of Imitation: Social-Cognitive and Developmental Aspects of Imitative Processes in Non-Human Primates,” in Imitation in Infancy: Cambridge Studies in Cognitive and Perceptual Development. Edited by J. Nadel and G. Butterworth. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Barrera, M. E., and Mauer, D. 1981. “The Perception of Facial Expressions by the Three-month-old.” Child Development, Vol. 52, 203–6.
Bauer, P. 2002a. “Early Memory Development,” in Handbook of Cognitive Development. Edited by U. Goswami. Oxford, England: Blackwell.
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Child Development (CA Dept of Education)
The California Infant/Toddler Learning and Development Foundations represents part of the California Department of Education’s (CDE’s) comprehensive effort to strengthen young children’s learning and development through high-quality early care and education. The foundations describe competencies infants and toddlers typically attain during the birth-to-three-year period. In order to make developmental progress, young children need appropriate nurturing. Both supportive home environments and high-quality early care and education programs can facilitate children’s attainment of the competencies specified in the foundations by providing safe environments and an emotionally secure base for active, playful exploration and experimentation.
During the infant/toddler years, all children depend on responsive, secure relationships to develop and learn. As stated in the CDE’s Infant/Toddler Learning and Development Program Guidelines (2007), high-quality programs offer infants and toddlers primary relationships in small groups. Such programs provide personalized care that reflects consideration for individual differences among children. Programs also develop partnerships with children’s families to connect children’s experiences at home with their experiences in the infant/toddler program. These partnerships with families are the cornerstone of culturally sensitive care. Connections with children’s early cultural and linguistic experiences are critically important for their social-emotional well-being, the development of their identity, and learning. In addition, children may have a special need that requires particular accommodations and adaptations. To serve all children, infant/toddler programs must work to provide appropriate conditions for each child and individually assist each child’s movement along a pathway of healthy learning and development.
Over 20 states have either developed infant/toddler standards documents or are in the process of doing so. Many of them have sought to align infant/toddler standards with preschool learning standards. Because both infant/toddler and preschool foundations in California cover a broad range of learning and development domains, the term foundations is used rather than standards. This term was selected to convey that learning across all developmental domains builds young children’s readiness for school. In essence, the foundations pertain to young children’s current and long-term developmental progress. This focus is consonant with the position of the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) and the National Association of Early Childhood Specialists in State Departments of Education (NAECS/SDE) on early learning standards. As the position statement sets forth, “Early childhood is a distinct period of life that has value in itself as well as creating the foundations for later years” (NAEYC and NAECS/SDE position statement 2002, 3).
In California, priority has been placed on aligning the infant/toddler learning and development foundations with the preschool learning foundations in four major domains:
Social-emotional development
Language development
Cognitive development
Perceptual and motor development
The domains represent crucial areas of early learning and development that contribute to young children’s readiness for school (National Research Council and Institute of Medicine 2000; NAEYC and NAESC/SDE 2002). The foundations present key concepts in each domain and provide an overview of development in that domain. Young children can be considered from the perspective of one domain, such as social-emotional development or language development. Yet, when taking an in-depth look at a single domain, one needs to keep in mind that learning, for young children, is usually an integrated experience. For example, an infant may make a cognitive discovery about cause-and-effect while making the connection that a cry leads to a comforting response from an adult.
The foundations developed for each of these domains are based on research and evidence from practice. Suggestions of expert practitioners and examples illustrate the foundations. The purpose is to promote understanding of early learning and development and guide efforts to support the development and well-being of infants and toddlers.
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Overview of the Foundations
The foundations for each of the four domains are listed in this section.
Social-Emotional Development Domain
The social-emotional development domain covers the following foundations:
Interactions with Adults: The child’s developing ability to respond to social cues from adults and engage in back-and-forth social exchanges with adults
Relationships with Adults: The child’s development of close relationships with adults who provide consistent nurturance
Interactions with Peers: The child’s developing ability to respond to social overtures from peers, engage in back-and-forth interaction with other children, and, ultimately, to engage in cooperative play with other children
Relationships with Peers: The child’s development of relationships with certain peers through interactions over time
Identity of Self in Relation to Others: The child’s developing concept of self as an individual who operates within social relationships
Recognition of Ability: The child’s developing understanding of the ability to take action to influence the immediate social and physical environments
Expression of Emotion: The child’s developing ability to communicate various emotions through facial expressions, movements, gestures, sounds, or words
Empathy: The child’s developing ability to share in the emotional experiences of others
Emotion Regulation: The child’s developing ability to manage or regulate emotional responses with and without assistance from adults
Impulse Control: The child’s developing capacity to wait for needs to be met, to inhibit behavior, and to act according to social expectations, including safety rules
Social Understanding: The child’s developing understanding of the responses, communication, emotional expressions, and actions of other people
The many competencies covered by the social-emotional development foundations underscore the prominence of this domain during the first three years of life. The emotional security that infants seek to develop with others and their ability to interact effectively with both adults and other children support their learning and development in all domains.
Language Development Domain
The language development foundations cover the following competencies:
Receptive Language: The child’s developing ability to understand words and increasingly complex utterances
Expressive Language: The child’s developing ability to produce the sounds of language, and speak with an increasingly expansive vocabulary and use increasingly complex utterances
Communication Skills and Knowledge: The child’s developing ability to communicate nonverbally and verbally
Interest in Print: The child’s developing interest in engaging with print in books and in the environment
Many early childhood experts consider language development to be one of the greatest accomplishments in the first three years of life. There are many specific milestones and dimensions of language development, such as phonology and syntax. As to practice, the four foundations provide a level of detail that is accessible to families and infant care teachers seeking to enhance children’s early language development and communication.
Cognitive Development Domain
The following foundations make up the cognitive development domain:
Cause-and-Effect: The child’s developing understanding that one event or action brings about another
Spatial Relationships: The child’s developing understanding of how things move and fit in space
Problem Solving: The child’s developing ability to engage in a purposeful effort to reach a goal or to determine how something works
Imitation: The child’s developing capacity to mirror, repeat, and practice the actions of others, either immediately or at a later time
Memory: The child’s developing ability to store and later retrieve information
Number Sense: The child’s developing understanding of number or quantity
Classification: The child’s developing ability to group, sort, categorize, and form expectations based on the attributes of objects and people
Symbolic Play: The child’s developing ability to use actions, objects, or ideas to represent other actions, objects, or ideas
Attention Maintenance: The child’s developing ability to attend to people and things while interacting with others or exploring the environment and play materials
Understanding of Personal Care Routines: The child’s developing ability to understand personal care routines and participate in them
As the above list suggests, the foundations for the cognitive development domain cover a broad range of knowledge and skills. For infants and toddlers, these various competencies are interwoven and develop together. As children move out of the birth-to-three period, some of the cognitive competencies become differentiated and can be aligned with traditional preschool content domains such as mathematics and science. In effect, infants’ and toddlers’ playful exploration and experimentation in the cognitive domain represent an early manifestation of mathematical and scientific reasoning and problem solving.
Perceptual and Motor Development Domain
Infants’ and toddlers’ perceptual and motor competencies are receiving increasing attention in research and practice. The perceptual and motor development foundations are defined as follows:
Perceptual Development: The child’s developing ability to become aware of the immediate social and physical environments through the senses
Gross Motor: The child’s developing ability to move and coordinate large muscles
Fine Motor: The child’s developing ability to move and coordinate small muscles
Infant/toddler programs can foster children’s perceptual and motor learning and development through environments that offer safe and appropriate physical challenges.
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Organization of the Foundations
The publication begins with a chapter that focuses on the first four months of life. Separate foundations in each domain were not written for the first four months because every aspect of early development relates to all domains simultaneously. Although development during the first four months is undifferentiated, it has a profound influence on subsequent development in every domain. The chapter on the early months highlights the inborn behaviors that enable children to orient toward adults and begin to communicate needs. At the same time, the chapter describes how, right from the beginning of life, children are “active participants in their own development, reflecting the intrinsic human drive to explore and master one’s environment” (National Research Council and Institute of Medicine 2000, 1).
For each of the 28 foundations, a description is specified at three points of development: at around eight months of age, at around 18 months of age, and at around 36 months of age. In addition, behaviors are listed that lead to the level of competency described for each of those three age levels. The behaviors leading up to an age level reflect the ongoing change that occurs during each age period. At around eight months of age, 18 months of age, and 36 months of age, children move to a different way of functioning and have different developmental needs. For most foundations, the change from one age level (from eight months to 18 months or from 18 months old to 36 months) is quite pronounced. The foundations are designed to give a general sense of development at these three points along the developmental continuum. The subtleties of individual children’s developmental progress at any given time are presented in the CDE’s Desired Results Developmental Profile (DRDP) (2005). This teacher observation tool for infants and toddlers shows five or six developmental levels spanning the birth-to-three age range for outcomes that will be aligned to the foundations. When alignment of the DRDP to the infant/toddler foundations is complete, the DRDP will provide additional detail about the developmental progression of a foundation.
For each foundation at each of the three age levels, broad information on infant development summarizes children’s competencies. Together, the three descriptions define the developmental progression of a foundation. Underneath each description are examples of possible ways that children may demonstrate a foundation in a particular age range. The diversity of examples gives a sense of the variation among infants and toddlers. A foundation for a particular child should be considered on the basis of how the child functions in different contexts—at home, in child care, and in the community. An individual child may not function like any of the examples listed under a foundation, yet she may already be able to demonstrate the level of competency described by that foundation. The examples suggest the varieties of contexts in which children may show competencies reflected in the foundations. Infant care teachers often think of alternative examples when they reflect on how a particular foundation applies to the young children in their care.
Guiding Principles
Several guiding principles influenced the creation of the infant/toddler learning and development foundations. These principles stem from both developmental theory and research and from best practice in the infant/toddler care field.
The family and its culture and language play a central role in early learning and development.
Infancy is a unique stage of life that is important in its own right. Development in infancy can be described by three age periods—birth to eight months, eight months to 18 months, and 18 months to 36 months. Each age period is distinct, although there is often overlap from one to the next.
Infants and toddlers are competent yet vulnerable at every stage of development. Nurturing relationships provide the foundation for emotional security and optimal learning and development.
Emotions drive early learning. Infants and toddlers are active, curious learners who are internally driven to interact with social and physical environments. Infants and toddlers learn in a holistic way rather than one domain at a time.
Early development includes both quantitative and qualitative change. With quantitative shifts, the infant extends or adds competencies to similar existing competencies. With qualitative shifts, the infant combines new knowledge and abilities with existing knowledge and abilities to function in a different and more complex way.
Early development reflects an interplay of differentiation and integration. For example, young infants typically use their mouths to explore all objects to learn about them (less differentiated behavior), whereas older children mainly use their mouth to taste or explore different kinds of food (more differentiated behavior). An example of integration is that older children may be able to engage in several behaviors such as talking, walking, and carrying an object simultaneously (more integrated behavior), whereas younger children may need to focus all of their energies on doing one behavior at a time (less integrated behavior).
Those principles apply to the foundations, curriculum planning, and assessment practices aligned to the foundations.
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Universal Design for Learning
These foundations support infant/toddler programs in the effort to foster the learning and development of all young children in California, including children with disabilities or other special needs. In some cases, infants and toddlers with disabilities or other special needs will reveal their developmental progress in alternative ways. It is important to provide opportunities for children to follow different pathways to learning. Therefore, the infant/toddler learning and development foundations incorporate a concept known as universal design for learning.
Developed by the Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST), universal design for learning is based on the realization that children learn in different ways. In today’s diverse infant/toddler programs, making the environment, play materials, activities, and experiences accessible to all children is critical to successful learning. Universal design is not a single approach that will accommodate everyone; rather, it refers to providing multiple approaches to learning in order to meet the needs of diverse learners. Universal design provides for multiple means of representation, multiple means of engagement, and multiple means of expression (CAST 2007). “Multiple means of representation” refers to providing information in a variety of ways so the learning needs of all children are met. “Multiple means of expression” refers to allowing children to use alternative ways to communicate or demonstrate what they know or what they are feeling. “Multiple means of engagement” refers to providing choices within the setting or program that facilitate learning by building on children’s interests.
The examples in the infant/toddler learning and development foundations have been worded to portray multiple means of representation, expression, and engagement. A variety of examples are provided for each foundation, and inclusive words are used to describe children’s behavior. For example, rather than stating “The child looks at an object” or “The child listens to a person,” the more inclusive wording of “A child attends to an object” or “The child attends to a person” is used.
When reading each foundation, an infant care teacher needs to consider the means by which a child with a disability or other special need might best acquire information and act competently. To best meet a child’s needs, a parent and an early intervention specialist or related service provider are vitally important resources.
The Foundations and Infant/Toddler Care and Education in California
The CDE’s learning and development foundations are at the center of California’s infant/toddler learning and development system. The foundations describe how children develop and what they learn and are designed to illuminate the competencies that infants and toddlers need for later success. Together the components of the infant/toddler learning and development system provide information and resources to help early childhood professionals support infants, toddlers, and their families.
In the Infant/Toddler Learning and Development Program Guidelines there are recommendations for setting up environments, providing infants a secure base for learning and exploration, selecting appropriate materials, and planning and implementing learning opportunities.
The Infant/Toddler Desired Results Developmental Profile (described earlier in this chapter) is an observational assessment instrument that allows teachers to document individual children’s developmental progress.
The infant/toddler curriculum framework will provide general guidance on the kinds of environments and interactions that support learning and development.
The Program for Infant/Toddler Care is a comprehensive approach to professional development that provides infant/toddler professionals with opportunities to become informed about the infant/toddler learning and development foundations and other components of California’s infant/toddler system.
As a unifying element of California’s infant/toddler learning and development system, the foundations offer a common language for infant/toddler program directors, teachers, and families to reflect on children’s developmental progress and plan experiences that support children’s learning and development during the first three years of life.
Professional development is another key component in fostering infant/toddler learning and development. Professionals now have opportunities to become informed: through the infant/toddler learning and development foundations, the CDE’s Infant/Toddler Learning and Development Program Guidelines, the CDE’s Desired Results Developmental Profile (DRDP), and the Program for Infant/Toddler Care (the comprehensive approach to training collaboratively developed by the CDE and WestEd). The foundations can become a unifying element for both preservice and in-service professional development efforts. For infant/toddler programs, directors and teachers can use the foundations as a basis to reflect on children’s developmental progress and to plan experiences that support children’s learning and development from birth to three years. The foundations are designed to provide infant care teachers with knowledge of the competencies necessary during the first three years of a child’s life and later on in preschool and school.
References
California Department of Education (CDE). 2007. Infant/Toddler Learning and Development Program Guidelines. Sacramento: CDE Press.
Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST). 2007. Universal Design for Learning.
(accessed June 8, 2007).
National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) and Association of Early Childhood Specialists in State Departments of Education (NAECS/SDE). 2002. Early Learning Standards: Creating the Conditions for Success. Washington, DC: National Association for the Education of Young Children.
National Research Council and Institute of Medicine. 2000. From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development. Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development. Edited by J. Shonkoff and D. Phillips. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
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Last Reviewed: Thursday, June 17, 2021
Features of the development of the social and emotional sphere of a child of senior preschool age
Features of the development of the social and emotional sphere of a child of senior preschool age
Lavrentieva MV
Preschool age is the subject of close attention of scientists and practitioners as an important and responsible period in a person’s life, as the moment of birth of a personality. During this period, there is an accelerated development of mental processes, personality traits, a small person actively masters a wide range of different activities. At the stage of preschool childhood, self-consciousness develops, self-esteem is formed, a hierarchy of motives is built and their subordination takes place. And it is during this period that the most important influence on the development of the child’s personality is the influence of the family and the system of intra-family, as well as child-parent relations existing in it [1, p. 9].
Many researchers point to the great influence of the child’s first communication on his ability to build relationships with people in the future. In ontogenesis, the first form of communication is emotional communication, which is formed during the active interaction of mother and child. Thus, the first relationship that a child enters into is that of parent-child relationship. Consequently, disruptions in relationships with parents can lead to difficulties in communicating with other adults and peers.
The growth of emotional and mental stress among adults leads to the spread of neurotic phenomena among children. The reduction of parents’ free time, psychological overload, stress and the presence of many other pathogenic factors stimulate the development of irritability, aggressiveness, and chronic fatigue syndrome in parents. Many parents, being under the pressure of emerging problems, consider it possible to throw out their negative emotions on a small child who cannot resist the psychological, and often physical aggression, it would seem, of the people closest to him. This is how children become completely dependent on the mood, emotions and physical condition of their parents. This is far from having the best effect on their mental health, attitudes in communication and behavior at the stage of growing up. The problem also lies in the fact that children easily adopt patterns of aggressive behavior from adults, demonstrating them everywhere. Consequently, the ability of children to live in a society of peers and adults, to be able to respond to other people’s experiences, that is, the problem of children’s social and emotional competence is relevant.
Objective and subjective factors of child development
Psychology of child development shows that the factors influencing the formation of the child’s psyche, in one case, contribute to, and in the other, hinder the optimal development of the child’s personality. Thus, relationships in the parental family, the attitude towards the child on the part of the parents can form an effective need-motivational system of the child, a positive outlook on the world and on oneself, and the same factors, but with a different psychological content, can lead to a detrimental development of needs and motives. , low self-esteem, distrust of others. It is convenient to represent such factors or determinants of mental development as located on an axis defined by two poles [2, p. 17].
At one pole, objective factors are grouped, acting as prerequisites or conditions for development. These determinants include macro-social factors – the economic and cultural level of society, existing systems of education, the level of social care for the child, ethno-cultural traditions of education. Another subclass of objective determinants of mental development is microsocial processes that occur in small groups that include a child: in a family, in a kindergarten group, or in a class group. The third subclass is the somatopsychic factors, which, although they are contained “inside” the child, nevertheless, represent the objective prerequisites for his development. These include heredity, temperament, features of pre- and postnatal development, diseases suffered by a newborn or infant.
The listed objective factors of mental development are united by the fact that the child himself is not the subject of those processes that put these objective determinants into action. In other words, these processes do not respond to the needs of this particular child, but to the needs of other people, groups or social communities or society as a whole, although, of course, other people try to take into account the current or future needs of the child. As for the somatopsychic factors, it is not the child himself that comes into play here, but his body with its characteristics, which were formed in addition to the needs, will, and actions of the child himself.
The other pole is formed by subjective factors, which, although under the influence and depending on the first, constitute the internal logic of development, or rather, the child’s self-development. These factors include the specifics of the development of the need-motivational sphere, the features of the formation of his consciousness and self-awareness, his behavioral style.
An intermediate position is occupied by factors that arise at the intersection of the action of objective and subjective factors, at the intersection of vectors coming from the child as a subject of life activity and socioobjective environment. Psychologically, these factors are revealed in the characteristics of communication and the specifics of the relationship of the child with other people – in the family and in other groups [2, p. eighteen].
Generalizing theories of child development attempt to consider the joint action of the determinants of all three listed types, which forms a real, empirically detectable sequence of stages, or stages, of development (E. Erikson, 1963). For practice, such a synthetic vision is important, but, however, an analytical approach is no less necessary. Indeed, the identification of a group of factors that predominantly influenced the occurrence of childhood developmental disorders, in a particular case, predetermines the choice of one of the three fundamental strategies of psychological assistance: 1) centering on the parents, their attitude towards the child, their personality traits and motives, 2) centering on the child himself. the child, his internal problems, 3) focusing on the relationship between children and parents, their communication.
The selection of these three possible strategies also determines the fact that for individual psychological assistance, the most interesting of the objective determinants of mental development are those that are somehow connected with parents, their influence on the child. Macrosocial influences can be corrected in the situation of working with a specific individual family to the least extent; and the impact on extra-family microsocial processes requires the inclusion of those links of the psychological service that are focused on work and children’s groups. Somatopsychic factors, no doubt, must be taken into account in the course of diagnostic work and counseling of parents, but their nature is more within the competence of medicine. The influence of these factors on child development and family relationships is described in Russian literature (A. I. Zakharov, D. N. Isaev, V. V. Lebedinsky, E. G. Eidemiller, A. E. Lichko).
Thus, three groups of determinants are of paramount interest from the point of view of practical tasks of psychological assistance to the family: the objective influence of parents, the development of the personality of the child himself, as well as ways of communication and relationships in the family [2, p. 19].
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Psychological characteristics of children of senior preschool age (6
municipal budgetary preschool educational institution “Kindergarten of combined type No. 24” of the Nizhnekamsk municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan
Senior preschool age (6-7 years) is characterized as a period of significant changes in the child’s body and is a certain stage in the maturation of the body. During this period, there is an intensive development and improvement of the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems of the body, the development of small muscles, the development and differentiation of various parts of the central nervous system.
A characteristic feature of this age is also the development of cognitive and mental mental processes: attention, thinking, imagination, memory, speech.
Attention. If during preschool childhood involuntary attention is predominant in a child, then by the end of preschool age voluntary attention begins to develop. When the child begins to consciously direct and hold him on certain objects and objects.
Memory. By the end of preschool age, voluntary visual and auditory memory develops. Memory begins to play a leading role in the organization of mental processes.
Development of thinking. By the end of preschool age, the development of visual-figurative thinking reaches a higher level and logical thinking begins to develop, which contributes to the formation of the child’s ability to distinguish the essential properties and signs of objects in the world, the formation of the ability to compare, generalize, classify.
Development of the imagination. By the end of preschool age, the development of creative imagination takes place, this is facilitated by various games, unexpected associations, brightness and concreteness of the images and impressions presented.
In the field of speech development, by the end of preschool age, the active vocabulary expands and the ability to use various complex grammatical structures in active speech develops.
The activities of a child of 6-7 years old are characterized by emotionality and the great importance of emotional reactions.
The mental development and formation of the child’s personality by the end of preschool age are closely related to the development of self-awareness. In a child of 6-7 years of age, self-esteem is formed on the basis of awareness of the success of their activities, peer assessments, teacher assessment, approval of adults and parents. The child becomes able to realize himself and the position that he currently occupies in the family, in the children’s group of peers.
In children of senior preschool age of 6 – 7 years, reflection is formed, that is, awareness of their social “I” and the emergence of internal positions on this basis.
As the most important neoplasm in the development of the mental and personal spheres of a child of 6-7 years of age is the subordination of motives. Awareness of the motive “I must”, “I can” gradually begins to prevail over the motive “I want”.
A child of 6-7 years of age strives for self-affirmation in such activities that are subject to public assessment and cover various areas.
Awareness of one’s “I” and the emergence on this basis of internal positions by the end of preschool age gives rise to new needs and aspirations. As a result, the game, which is the main leading activity throughout preschool childhood, can no longer fully satisfy the child by the end of preschool age. He has a need to go beyond the limits of his childhood way of life, to take the place available to him in socially significant activities, i. e. the child strives to adopt a new social position – the “position of a schoolchild”, which is one of the most important outcomes and features of the personal and mental development of children 6-7 years of age.
The success of education largely depends on the degree of preparedness of the child for school.
Readiness for school includes several components: first of all, physical readiness, which is determined by the state of health, the maturity of the body, its functional systems, because schooling contains certain mental and physical loads.
What does psychological readiness for schooling include?
Under the psychological readiness for school education is understood the necessary and sufficiently formed level of mental development of the child, necessary for the development of the school curriculum in the conditions of training in the number of peers.
The constituent components of psychological readiness for schooling are motivational, social-personal, intellectual and emotional-volitional readiness.
The inner mental life of a child who has become a schoolchild acquires a completely different content, a different character than in preschool childhood: it is associated with learning and academic affairs, and the child’s adaptation to school and success in learning will depend on how psychological readiness is formed.
Motivational readiness for school is characterized by the level of development of cognitive interest, a conscious desire to learn and the desire to achieve success in learning.
Social and personal readiness is characterized by the formation of the child’s internal position, his readiness to accept a new social position – the “student position”, which involves a certain range of responsibilities. Social and personal readiness is expressed in relation to the child to school, to educational activities, to the teacher, to himself, to his abilities and results of work, it implies a certain level of development of self-awareness.
Also, social and personal readiness includes the formation of the child’s communication skills and qualities necessary for communication and interaction with peers and the teacher, the ability for collective forms of activity.
Intellectual readiness for schooling is an important prerequisite for successful learning. Because associated with the development of cognitive activity and mental mental processes – the ability to generalize, compare objects of the surrounding reality, classify according to an essential feature, establish cause-and-effect relationships, draw conclusions, generalizations, conclusions based on the available data.
An important component of psychological readiness for learning is emotional and volitional readiness, which includes the formation of certain skills in the ability to control one’s behavior, emotional stability, and the formation of skills for arbitrary regulation of attention. Educational activity presupposes the necessary level of development of mental activity, the ability to overcome difficulties and fulfill certain requirements of the teacher.
Willingness includes the formation of the following components of volitional action: the ability to set a goal, make decisions, outline an internal plan of action, carry it out, show a certain volitional effort if it is necessary to overcome an obstacle, the ability to evaluate the result of one’s action.
The formation of the components of volitional action is the basis for the development of skills of volitional behavioral self-regulation, which are necessary for successful learning activities.
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The current state of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement: problems and development prospects (Samarskaya N.
A.1, Ilyin S.M.2, Rumyantseva A.V.31 All-Russian Research Institute of Labor of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, Russia, Moscow2 UrMF Federal State Budgetary Institution “All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Labor” of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, Russia, Yekaterinburg3 Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Russia, Yekaterinburg) / Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law / No. 9, 2022
Economics, entrepreneurship and law (RSCI, HAC) publish the article | subscribe
Cite: Samarskaya N.A., Ilyin S.M., Rumyantseva A.V. The current state of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement: problems and development prospects // Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. – 2022. – Volume 12. – No. 9. – S. 2561-2578. – doi: 10.18334/epp.12.9.116232.
Annotation: One of the national priorities of the Russian Federation is the development of children’s recreation and health improvement. Children’s recreation is one of the socially significant types of services. With its help, the accumulated knowledge and life experience are transferred to a new generation, the development of the individual and personal qualities of the child. The state of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement directly depends on the state of development of the economy as a whole. Over the past decades, the infrastructure of children’s health-improving recreation has been formed in the country. The article discusses the state of the sphere of children’s recreation and rehabilitation at the present stage, analyzes the reasons for the decrease in the number of children’s health institutions. The structure of children’s recreational recreation is given, which makes it possible to understand the algorithm for its implementation. The authors propose an organizational and functional classification of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement. Based on the analysis of the state of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement, the authors identify the main problems and contradictions that hinder the effective organization and further development of children’s recreation in the Russian Federation. Approaches are proposed to the formation of a system for organizing children’s health-improving recreation in the country, which will effectively develop and update the area under consideration in accordance with the needs of modern society.
Key words: children’s recreation and health improvement, system of children’s recreation, summer recreation facilities, children’s health camp
Introduction
In our country
actual direction at the state level is the development of the sphere
children’s recreation and health improvement. This direction has been included for several years
into the system of national priorities of the Russian Federation. Development of the sphere
children’s recreation and rehabilitation contributes to the socialization of children, the development of their
abilities, personal and professional self-determination, as well as cultural,
educational and physical development and health improvement.
Children’s institutions
recreation and health improvement is a special type of organization. They operate in Russia and other
countries for over a hundred years. Over time, the main goals and objectives of these
organizations have changed. But rest and health improvement of children have always remained the main
the functions of these institutions that ensure the guarantee right of the child in
Russian Federation, which is fixed in the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of June 24
1998 No. 124-FZ “On Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation” (with
changes and additions) [1].
For many years
years, the authorities and education authorities were faced with the task of effectively organizing
activities of children’s health camps. However, in the late 90s. of the past
century, for various reasons, the established system began to collapse. In some
regions and regions, the number of children’s health camps decreased in
repeatedly. Currently, authorities, specialists, managers
and teachers are trying to provide quality rest for children and their
wellness all year round. However, organizers face numerous
difficulties and problems, which are greatly exacerbated by non-compliance
a number of important pedagogical provisions that must be followed when
designing the activities of children’s health institutions, taking into account
specific conditions and the request of their parents [2].
Main purpose
organizing children’s recreation and health improvement – creating a favorable environment for
health improvement of children and adolescents, as well as the realization of their interests, the implementation
active recreation, and meeting the needs for self-realization of children in
various fields of activity.
Thus, taking into account
changes in modern society, seems relevant and promising, the task
the optimal combination of education, upbringing and health improvement of children in the field of children’s
recreation.
Child development
rest and recreation in any country directly depends on the economic
development in general. In our country, an appropriate infrastructure for children
health-improving recreation (transport, accommodation, food,
modern technologies of education, etc.). The demand for these services is generated
improvement in the well-being of the population, which, of course, contributes to
development of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement [3].
Currently, by
According to experts, there are a number of contradictions and problems in our country,
which hinder the effective development and organization of children’s recreation [3, 4]:
1. Uneven
developed infrastructure. A large number of children’s health facilities are located
near large cities (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, etc.).
2. Enough
old material and technical base. Currently under renovation
more than 300 children’s recreation facilities are in need of reconstruction, of which 75%
refers to suburban camps.
3. Out of date
recreation programs do not change annually, are typical and do not correspond
expectations and needs of parents and children.
4. Unavailable
children’s recreation. Now about 30 can afford to send children on vacation.
% of Russians. However, this year the tourist cashback system for children’s camps
will significantly increase the percentage of applicants.
5. Incompetence
frames. In children’s camps, student interns most often work as counselors,
who lack experience and education.
6. Imperfection
legislative and regulatory framework.
7. Problems
ensuring the safety of children on vacation.
However
It should be noted that the capitalization of this service market is growing every year. it
occurs, as a rule, due to the following main factors:
birth rate, an increase in the needs of parents in the development of children, an increase
the cost of services for children’s health-improving institutions.
Considering
that the children’s camp is one of the most popular forms of recreation during the holidays and
on the part of parents and children, then the issues of major repairs, reconstruction
old facilities, construction of new facilities and the introduction of innovative models
children’s recreation have very successful prospects.
At
relatively high demand for children’s recreation, it can be noted that
The market for children’s recreation is developing very slowly. Experts note
lack of high-quality, interesting and modern offers. However, this
The market has very good development prospects and will grow steadily in
further. This requires targeted investment, professional, ready
develop new relevant and promising projects. For their implementation it is necessary
unite several groups of specialists in various fields: management and
marketing, pedagogy and psychology, medicine.
On
today the sphere of children’s recreation has every opportunity for a powerful
breakthrough in the content and forms of organization of children’s recreation, as well as in
fundamentally new approaches and the creation of a new concept.
B
In this regard, the need to form a system of children’s recreation and health improvement
seems to be quite a pressing issue. The position of the authors coincides with
opinions of experts that it is theoretically and practically difficult to separate issues
rest and recreation of children – they should be addressed within a single system.
Purpose
of this study – to propose approaches to the formation of a system of children’s
rest and health improvement based on the analysis of the state of this sphere.
B
The work used such research methods as: information analysis
documents from open sources, method of statistical analysis, analytical
method, method of system analysis, method of comparative analysis, method of expert
ratings.
Scientific
the novelty of the research lies in the development and substantiation of modern
aspects in the formation of a system in the field of recreation and health improvement
children for the future development of this area.
Structure
children’s recreation in the Russian Federation
At
consideration of the organization and improvement of children’s recreation, it should be clearly
represent that these issues are one of the organizational elements
educational and social sphere.
B
Recently, there has been a variety of different forms of additional
education in the field of children’s recreation (children’s recreation and health center and
teenagers, children’s recreation center, summer children’s recreation center, ecological
playground, dacha, children’s camp, children’s camp of sanatorium type, summer school,
children’s tourism, etc. ). Law of the Russian Federation “On Education in the Russian Federation” (art.
15, p. 2) [5], these various forms are combined into the modern concept of “children’s
health educational institution ”
B
in accordance with the National Standard of the Russian Federation “Services for children in recreation and
recovery “GOST R 52887-2018, under the rest of children and their recovery
is understood as a set of activities aimed at the development of creative
potential of children, protection and promotion of their health, disease prevention,
engaging in physical culture, sports and tourism, developing healthy skills
lifestyle, adherence to diet and life in a favorable
environment when fulfilling sanitary and hygienic requirements and requirements
ensuring the safety of life and health of children [6].
By
Russian legislation, the organization of recreation and recreation for children in
is currently carried out at three levels: federal, subjects of the Russian
Federation and municipal. The structure of children’s recreation
shown in Figure 1.
Drawing
1. Structure
children’s recreation
(drawn up
by the authors based on the study)
Russian
The Federation is responsible for the financing and rehabilitation of various
categories of children, provides subsidies to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for holding children’s
recreation. The constituent entities of the Russian Federation finance and organize events for children
recreation for all categories of children. Municipalities finance and
organize a summer children’s health campaign. Employers
maintain at their own expense departmental children’s health
camps, as well as fully or partially finance the recreation of their children
employees. Parents decide on the choice of forms of recreation and
health improvement of their children, participate in their financing, apply to
relevant organizations when sending children to rest on extrabudgetary
basis.
B
in accordance with the National Standard [6], organization of recreation for children and their
health improvement are organizations of seasonal or year-round action,
independent of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, the main
whose activities are aimed at the implementation of services to ensure the recreation of children
and their recovery.
Objects,
working in the field of services for children’s recreation and rehabilitation, are represented by the most
varied types. The authors consider it possible to propose the following
organizational and functional classification of children’s recreation organizations and
health improvement of children (table 1).
table
1.
Organizational and functional classification of the organization of children’s recreation and
recovery (compiled by the authors on the basis of the study)
sign
Characteristics of children’s objects
recreation and health improvement
By
main purpose
Recreational – seasonal or
year-round action, the main activity of which is aimed at
the implementation of services to ensure the rest of children and their rehabilitation, regardless of
organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership.
Specialized (profile) – organizations created at institutions
social services for the population, sanatorium organizations,
public and other organizations.
By
type
Children’s health camp (DOL) – stationary children’s
an institution adapted for recreation and health improvement of children.
Children’s health camp
sanatorium type – stationary
children’s institution, with the necessary conditions and available medical facilities
for the treatment/maintenance of children’s health.
Children’s sanatorium – stationary children’s
an institution that carries out medical activities to provide
health resort care for children, along with the organization of educational
activity or not.
Family sanatorium – stationary institution
providing sanatorium-resort treatment to children and their parents, involving
joint stay of children and parents.
Day camp – organized at the base
functioning educational institutions, preschool educational
institutions, institutions of additional education, sports institutions,
centers of social rehabilitation, and are aimed at improving the health of children and
teenagers during the holidays.
Children’s health center
hardening, rehabilitation and socialization of children, including children with
health limitations.
Center for children’s tourism – a means of developing children,
implemented in the form of recreation and socially useful activities, characteristic
the structural components of which are a hike, a trip, an excursion.
By
localization
Out-of-town (local and
general resort) – extracurricular
institutions of periodic or permanent functioning, located outside
city line.
Urban – located within the city,
periodic functioning, on the basis of preschool and school institutions.
By
conditions of stay
Stationary – specially designed for the purpose
constant provision of rest and health improvement for children
Temporarily adapted – created for a specific
time (holiday) to ensure the rest and recovery of children
(mobile, tent, with a round-the-clock or day stay at the base
educational and other specialized institutions).
By
profile
Therapeutic – a form of active rehabilitation
children with disabilities in physical (mental) development or
in need of active recovery using proper medical
bases.
Sports and fitness – view
recreational and educational activities is an extension
educational and training process for young athletes, pupils
youth sports schools.
Defense-sports and civil-patriotic organizations – educational and
recreational activities with a pronounced civic orientation. Implemented
programs of additional education for children, pre-professional training in
military-technical sports, etc.
Educational (including language) – specializing in
educational and cultural development of children (for example, in the study
foreign languages).
Thematic
– (ecological and biological, technical, local history
etc.) – organizations specializing in the study of issues on a certain
topics for the development of children’s interests, broadening their horizons.
Tourist
– field (tent) camps specializing in
various types of tourism (water, hiking, mountain, etc.) and local history with
practical development of tourism skills based on theoretical knowledge for
students of varying degrees of preparedness.
Work and leisure – a form of acquiring practical labor skills and
involving them in socially useful activities in combination with the formation
they have the skills of a healthy lifestyle during the holidays.
Family camps – a form of co-creation, organization
leisure of parents, children and teachers in the recreational environment of the camp
space.
By
time of stay
Round-the-clock – a form of health and
educational activities, involving the stay of children around the clock
under the supervision of the relevant staff.
Day stay – form of wellness
and educational activities during the holidays with students
educational institutions and educational institutions of additional
education of children, with the stay of students in the daytime and compulsory
organizing their meals.
By
goals
Commercial – founded by commercial organizations, the main
purpose: profit making.
Non-profit – founded by non-profit organizations,
main goal: the solution of statutory tasks.
By
seasonality
Seasonal – operating mainly in the summer, have
conditions for sports and leisure activities, without building heating (for
a rare exception).
Year-round – have buildings of capital construction with
heated rooms, for children to stay in them throughout the year,
closed premises for sports, cultural events
events and classrooms.
By category of participants
For all children; For orphans; For gifted children;
For troubled teenagers; For children with disabilities, etc.
This
classification allows you to define your own set of specific characteristics for
each type of camp and understand what special tasks need to be solved for
effective organization of recreation and health improvement of children.
Analysis of the state of the sphere of children’s recreation and
health improvement in Russia
Analysis of the formation and
development of the sphere of children’s recreation and rehabilitation in Russia showed that in the 90s.
last century, this area has suffered serious losses. Significantly decreased
the number of children’s health institutions, as a result of the revision
regulatory framework and the removal of various restrictions on the organization of children’s trips
there was a decrease in the safety of children’s recreation, a reduction in the budget
financing, the structure of children’s recreation has changed. Only in the early 2000s
the collapse of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement has stopped. Gradually position
stabilized, and since 2001 the number of children’s
institutions remained almost constant – about 52 thousand. However, since 2012
there is a downward trend in the number of children’s health institutions. AT
This trend continued in 2020, mainly due to the coronavirus pandemic.
infections [7].
Number of organizations for
children and adolescents in dynamics from 2011 to 2020 is declining compared to 2011
year it decreased by 7.6% (-14,292 objects), compared to 2019 – by 3. 4%
(–6019 objects) [8].
Decrease in the total number of organizations
for children and adolescents, relative to 2019, occurred primarily due to
reducing the number of children’s sanatoriums, organizations for children’s recreation and their recovery.
This is explained by the fact that some organizations of these types were not planned to
opening in 2020. However, in the period 2011–2019gg. contribution of children’s recreation organizations
and their recovery in reducing the total number of children’s and adolescent organizations
was also the largest – since 2011 their number has decreased by 17.3% (-9,132
organizations), from 2019 to 2020 – by 15.3% (-6,689 organizations) (table 2).
Table 2 .
The number of organizations for the recreation of children and their rehabilitation in the Russian Federation
for 2011-2020 [eight]
Organization types
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Organizations
rest and recreation for children
52789
50473
50030
48594
47426
46789
45213
43846
43352
36663
in
including: children’s health-improving organizations operating year-round*
–
–
–
529
525
520
541
567
553
444
children’s
sanatoriums**
–
–
334
355
351
339
322
309
305
295
Other
types of organizations for children and teenagers
5984
6266
5456
5832
5145
4832
4565
5031
5070
5339
* Indicators have been recorded since 2014
** Accounting for indicators has been conducted since 2013
Significantly reduced
the number of suburban preschool organizations (children’s dachas) – by 67. 2% (in 3.1
times), children’s tent-type camps – by 47.6%, organizations with a day
stay – by 17.6%. Accordingly, in these organizations, the
the number of vacationing children: in suburban preschool organizations – by 55.0%,
tent-type camps – by 21.3%, day-care organizations – by
12.0%. The number of stationary out-of-town health-improving organizations also
continues to decline. However, the number of children who rested in them increased by 109534
people (by 7.1%). The structure of these institutions is dominated by day care organizations.
stay and children’s camps of tent type.
From 2011-2019 in
summer period in opened children’s health organizations annually
more than 5 million children had a stable vacation, and in 2020 a summer wellness
the campaign reached 1,334,904 children (Table 3).
Table 3.
The number of children who had a rest in the organizations of children’s recreation and their rehabilitation in
summer period for 2011–2020, thousand people [eight]
Organization types
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Total,
thousand people
5244. 4
5193.7
5573.6
5627.1
5823.2
5943.8
5671.9
5659.1
5615.6
1334.9
Country
preschool organizations
14.45
13.10
6.92
8.86
10.41
9.66
15.68
15.39
6.51
0.14
Stationary
out-of-town health organizations
1538. 9
1544.7
1553.9
1623.6
1561.6
1696.3
1590.9
1659.2
1648.5
278.1
Organizations
with daycare for children
3102.2
3105.9
3004.4
2942.6
2860.0
2763.5
2678.6
2693.1
2729.8
463.6
Baby
work and rest camps*
–
–
147. 7
143.6
142.8
138.2
128.9
125.8
123.2
6.2
Baby
tent-type camps*
–
–
243.5
260.7
256.2
245.2
169.7
166.1
143.4
0.145
Stationary
out-of-town health-improving organizations of sanatorium type
385.2
360. 4
349.3
353.7
377.5
382.4
356.0
291.7
270.2
45.5
Baby
sanatoriums
203.6
173.1
113.9
126.3
124.8
135.5
132.6
99.4
89.7
11.7
Other*
–
–
154. 0
167.7
489.9
573.1
599.4
608.3
604.4
529.5
* Accounting indicators
conducted since 2013
Efficiency
rehabilitation of children in recreation and rehabilitation organizations was estimated at 50
regions (in 82.0% of the regions in which children’s recreation organizations functioned
and their recovery in the summer of 2020) at 1,261 921 children (94.5% of the total
children covered by organized recreation). Average in the Russian Federation
this figure was 96.5% [8].
Analysis of the situation in
children’s health institutions for several years made it possible to identify
the main problems that arise during the summer health campaigns.
Issues related to the quality and safety of buildings and
structures on the territory of children’s institutions, the organization of rational
nutrition, conducting medical examinations of children and staff, providing
teaching staff.
Chronic problems
functioning of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement are the main
the reasons for the reduction of the network of children’s health resorts and the number of healthy children.
Required
to form such a system of children’s recreation and rehabilitation, which would meet
modern needs and took into account the solution of existing problems.
Formation of a system of children’s recreation and
health improvement
Under system
children’s recreation and health improvement the authors understand the totality of certain elements,
having fundamental differences, but closely interacting with each other and
dependent on each other, within certain subsystems. Management of these
elements ensures that the needs of children and their parents in
health-improving and educational rest and treatment.
If present
system in the form of a model (Figure 2), then its main operating elements
act: the subject is a child, the object is a children’s camp, a sanatorium, etc., without
which this activity cannot be carried out. The objects are in
specific systemic relationships with a complex of environmental components
(external factors): economic, social, political, environmental, technological.
At the entrance to the system, there are various resources of natural and artificial
origin. The output is a service (a product of the sphere of children’s recreation and
recovery).
Figure 2 .
Baby system model
recreation and health improvement
(compiled by the authors based on
conducted research)
Possible
highlight the main subsystems of children’s recreation and health improvement: resort
subsystem; subsystem of children’s recreation; tourist subsystem;
control subsystem.
Based
on the results of the analysis of special pedagogical literature, taking into account
best practices, modern conditions, requirements and needs of children and
parents, we can formulate purpose of the children’s recreation and health improvement system
– creating favorable conditions for the development of the individuality of each child,
the formation of socially significant and personality-oriented qualities in children, and
also satisfy their need for self-realization.
like this
Thus, it is possible to distinguish three main directions in the field of children’s recreation
and recovery:
1) strengthening
and maintaining the health of the younger generation;
2) organization
leisure to improve the educational and intellectual level;
3) education
developed personality.
For
to achieve the goal, it is necessary to perform the following tasks [9,
ten]:
–
formation
healthy lifestyle habits, the need to maintain and strengthen one’s
health;
–
detection
and meeting the interests and needs of children;
–
intellectual
and creative development of children based on the implementation of additional educational
programs and the inclusion of children in a variety of activities;
–
rational
organization of leisure and free time for children;
–
formation
experience of independent actions in situations of life and social
self-determination;
–
development
skills of self-organization, self-education, self-education.
B
in the field of children’s recreation and health improvement, the following important functions are implemented :
education; socialization; additional education; social protection,
adaptation; organizations; integration [2].
Listed
the purpose, tasks and functions are common to the system of children’s recreation and
recovery. They can be refined and expanded taking into account the specifics of the content.
and conditions of activity of a particular children’s health organization.
Currently
a number of approaches to designing the content of programs and forms of life have been identified
children in the field of recreation and health improvement: systemic, student-oriented,
program-variable, social, developing [2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13].
The implementation of these approaches provides for psychological and pedagogical
support for the development of the child and the partner position of the teacher in interaction
with kids. Children arriving at the camp find themselves in an unusual environment,
unfamiliar environment, which can exacerbate and manifest existing
them problems of a social and psychological nature [14]. Therefore attention
teachers and psychologists to the needs and needs of children acquires a special
significance.
Temporary
children’s association in the field of children’s health recreation has the status
primary team. It is the main form of organization of life
children. It has all the characteristics of the team, but the conditions of the camp
has the following features [2, 11]:
–
relatively
the short period of existence of the association, which significantly reduces
the duration of the stages of development of the team;
–
close
interaction of children, which causes a high intensity of their emotional
contacts;
–
regulation
regime moments that make up the daily routine;
–
high
the level of independence, self-control and responsibility of children;
–
orientation
to rest and satisfy those interests and needs that cannot be
satisfied at school;
–
gender,
social, personal diversity of children with different experiences of social
interactions, different conditions of upbringing and living;
–
fast
adaptation of children in a new social situation.
For
successful formation and development of a system of children’s health-improving recreation
further work is needed on the interaction of individual elements and subsystems,
ensuring the coordination of their activities, uniting the interests of all
stakeholders, purposeful management. Since the subject
children’s recreation and health improvement is a socially significant figure – a child,
mandatory participation of the state in the management of this system.
At the same time, insufficiently developed infrastructure, weak material base
objects of children’s recreational recreation in our country allow us to talk about
the need to attract commercial resources in this area.
Proceeding
from this, the management of the system of children’s health-improving recreation should
carried out on the basis of public-private partnership (PPP).
General
provisions, principles, forms, essence, legal regulation of PPP
considered in the Guidelines for the implementation of projects for the creation and
reconstruction of children’s health camps within the framework of the mechanism
public-private partnerships, published on January 21, 2021, developed by
Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation [15].
Under
public-private partnership in the field of children’s recreation and rehabilitation
it is necessary to understand the organizational and legal mechanism for coordinating interests and
ensuring interaction between the state and business in the framework of the implementation
socially significant economic and social projects in the field of organization
children’s recreational activities aimed at achieving the goals
government controlled.
Relevance
implementation and PPP on the one hand is determined by private property and
investments based on entrepreneurial activity, and on the other hand –
state ownership of infrastructure facilities, recreational
objects, objects of historical and cultural heritage, defining
the attractiveness of the sphere of children’s recreation and rehabilitation.
Like this
Thus, the implementation of PPP in the field of organizing children’s recreation and recreation,
will allow effective management, control, coordination and accounting in
this area, to develop, update and strengthen the material base of the children’s
recreation, ensure the quality and safety of children’s recreation at a high level,
to carry out training and advanced training of teaching staff,
to develop support at all levels of organizing children’s recreation and health improvement.
Conclusion
Conducted
study of the current state of children’s health-improving recreation allowed
The authors draw the following main conclusions:
1. Study
major publications on the subject of the study allows us to talk about the problems
contradictions, needs and the need for further development of the sphere of child
recreation and health improvement in the Russian Federation.
2. Child
recreation and health improvement as a special area performs a number of socio-economic
functions, the main ones are: health-improving, educational, educational functions.
3. Defined
the main characteristics of the structure of children’s recreation and health improvement. Presented
organizational and functional classification of children’s recreation facilities and
health improvement with a detailed description of each classification group.
4. Determined
the concept of a system of children’s health-improving recreation, including a set of
various aspects. A model of this system is presented.
5. Passed
analysis of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement, which showed that the main
trends in recent years have been a general decrease in the number of recreational
camps, the number of children rehabilitated annually, and structural changes in
composition of the camps.
6. Found out
that the management of the system of children’s health-improving recreation should be carried out
predominantly through public-private partnerships.
B
In conclusion, it should be noted that the formation of a system of children’s recreation and
recovery is an important and complex task, including various aspects
child development, labor activity of various workers, system
management at different levels.
1. Federal Law of 24 July 1998 No. 124-FZ “On Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation” (as amended on June 11, 2021). Official portal Codex. Electronic fund of legal and normative-technical documents. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/
3538 (date of access: 03/25/2022). 2. Baiborodova L.V., Simonova G.I., Kharisova I.G. Pedagogical foundations of children’s health camps // Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin. – 2019. – No. 2 (107). – c. 8-16. – doi: 10.24411/1813-145X-2019-10345. 3. Golikova O.M. Problems of the current state of development of children’s recreation in the Russian Federation // Azimut of scientific research: economics and management. – 2017. – No. 2 (19). – c. 66-69. 4. Danilkov A.A., Danilkova N.S. The sphere of children’s recreation: State, development prospects, trends // Public education. – 2016. – No. 2-3 (1455). – c. 34-44. 5. Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”. Official portal Codex. Electronic fund of legal and normative-technical documents. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/
9617 (date of access: 03/25/2022). 6. GOST R 52887-2018. National standard of the Russian Federation. Services to children in the organizations of rest and improvement. Official portal Codex. Electronic fund of legal and normative-technical documents. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200160048 (date of access: 04/01/2022). 7. Collection “Russia in numbers”. Federal State Statistics Service. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/12993 (date of access: 04/01/2022). 8. On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2020: State report. Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru (date of access: 03/01/2022). 9. Baiborodova L.V., Kharisova I.G., Tsarkova K.M. Educational activities of a teacher in a children’s health camp. / Teaching aid – 2nd stereotype. ed. – Yaroslavl: RIO YAGPU, 2018. – 111 p. 10. Baiborodova L.V., Kharisova I.G. Technologies of pedagogical activity in additional education. / Tutorial. – Yaroslavl: RIO YAGPU, 2014. – 342 p. 11. Papusha E.N. Features of the formation of adaptive educational systems for children’s health camps // Kazan Pedagogical Journal. – 2018. – No. 6 (131). – c. 165-168. 12. Frishman I.I. Ideas of modern Russian concepts of organization of summer holidays for children and teenagers // Vneshkolnik. – 2013. – No. 1 (151). – c. 41-47. 13. Frishman I.I. Regulatory status of the sphere of children’s recreation and health improvement in the Russian Federation // National education. – 2019. – No. 2 (1473). – c. 15-20. 14. Bethlehemsky A., Krivorotova T. Strategy for the development of summer recreation // Public education. – 2008. – No. 3 (1376). – c. 18-24. 15. Guidelines for the implementation of projects for the creation and reconstruction of children’s health camps within the framework of the mechanism of public-private partnerships. Ministry of Education. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://edu.gov.ru (date of access: 04/01/2022).
Children with developmental disabilities and their special educational needs
E.L. Goncharova, O.I. Kukushkina, Institute of Correctional Pedagogy of the Russian Academy of Education
Children with developmental disabilities include:
mentally handicapped,
deaf,
hard of hearing,
late deaf,
blind and visually impaired;
children with severe speech disorders,
disorders of the musculoskeletal system,
mental retardation,
with severe disorders of the emotional-volitional sphere (early childhood autism),
multiple violations.
Why is it so important to provide children with developmental disabilities with access to a special, specially organized and constructed education? The fact is that a child with developmental disabilities is a child who, along with educational needs common to all children, has special educational needs that can be satisfied only in conditions of special education.
They need a comprehensive rehabilitation that combines medical, psychological, pedagogical and social assistance, and individualized assistance. However, if the need for rehabilitation by means of medicine is recognized by everyone, then the role and place of rehabilitation by means of education is not so unanimously understood.
In human culture, in every society there is a specially created educational space, which includes traditions and scientifically based approaches to teaching children of different ages in a family environment and specially organized educational institutions. Primary deviations in development lead to the child falling out of this socially and culturally conditioned educational space, the connection with society and culture as a source of development is grossly violated. Just as rudely at the earliest stages, the relationship between parent and child is disrupted, since an adult bearer of culture cannot, does not know how to convey to a child with developmental disabilities the social experience that his normally developing peer acquires spontaneously, without specially organized additional and specific means, methods, ways of teaching.
In relation to a child with developmental disabilities, traditional methods of solving traditional educational problems at each age stage cease to operate. The best description of this situation is the metaphor of L.S. Vygotsky about the “social dislocation” of a child with developmental disorders as the main cause of childhood disability – “A physical defect causes, as it were, a social dislocation, completely analogous to a bodily dislocation, when an injured member – an arm or a leg – comes out of the joint, when ordinary connections and joints are rudely broken and the functioning of the organ is accompanied by pain and inflammatory processes… If psychologically a bodily handicap means social dislocation, then pedagogically educating such a child means bringing him back into life, just as a dislocated and diseased organ is set” (L.S. Vygotsky, 1995).
Overcoming the social dislocation can be done exclusively by means of education, but not mass education, but specially organized, specially constructed and providing for “workarounds” to achieve those educational tasks that, under the conditions of the norm, are achieved by traditional methods.
The key concept for determining the goals and objectives of rehabilitation through education is the concept of “special educational needs”.
Based on the fact that the primary violation leads to a situation of “social dislocation”, we will try to define the meaning of the term “Child with special educational needs”, i.e. determine what exactly such a child needs in the educational process. He needs to:
the primary developmental disorder was identified as early as possible;
special education began immediately after the diagnosis of the primary developmental disorder, regardless of the age of the child. So, if a hearing or visual impairment is detected at the end of the first month of a child’s life, then special education should begin in the first months of life. An extremely dangerous situation is when, after the discovery of a primary violation, all the efforts of adults are directed exclusively to the treatment of the child, i.e. rehabilitation by means of medicine. Ignoring targeted psychological and pedagogical assistance leads to irreversible losses in achieving the possible level of development of the child;
special sections were introduced into the content of education aimed at solving the problems of the development of the child, which, for obvious reasons, are absent in the content of the education of a normally developing peer.
For example, late-deaf children need special classes in learning to read from lips, which ensures adequate perception of oral speech; the deaf and hard of hearing need a special course on the development of auditory perception and the formation of pronunciation, a special course on the development of verbal and logical thinking; children with visual impairment, intellect, multiple disabilities, need a special section of education – social orientation; children with various disabilities need targeted support for social and emotional development, the formation of mechanisms for conscious regulation of their own behavior and interaction with people around them, etc. ;
“workarounds” of learning were built, specific means and methods were used that are not used in traditional education. Thus, much earlier than normal, teaching deaf children of preschool age to read and write is one of the “detours” in the formation of their verbal speech; Braille is used to teach reading to blind children; one of the workarounds for the development of written speech is teaching computer technologies for working with text in the first years of schooling, etc.;
regularly monitored the compliance of the chosen training program with real achievements, the level of development of the child;
the spatial and temporal organization of the educational environment corresponded to the capabilities of the child. For example, autistic children need a special structuring of their living and educational space, which makes it easier for them to understand the meaning of what is happening and provides the opportunity to predict the course of events and plan their behavior;
all surrounding adults were prepared and really participated in solving special educational problems outside the educational institution, and their efforts were coordinated;
rehabilitation by means of education did not end with a period of schooling. A child with severe developmental disabilities needs rehabilitation through education throughout his life, although with age, its tasks will fundamentally change;
the process of rehabilitation by means of education was carried out by qualified specialists competent in solving developmental and correctional tasks of education.
Domestic defectological science has made a significant contribution to the study of the special educational needs of different categories of children. The development of special educational spaces, types of special educational institutions, special pedagogical technologies aimed at overcoming and preventing secondary developmental disorders in different categories of children made it possible to create a domestic SSO, the achievements of which are recognized in the world.
The domestic practice of special education has more than once convincingly demonstrated that timely and competently constructed rehabilitation by means of education makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of further deviations in the development of a secondary and tertiary nature, correct existing violations and significantly reduce the degree of social insufficiency, and achieve the highest possible level of general development for each child. , education, social integration. Meeting the special educational needs of the child is one of the basic conditions for his mental health and development.
It is clear that, in striving to use those undeniable benefits that a child with developmental disabilities gives his integration into the environment of normally developing peers, we must evaluate how, under these conditions, the special conditions of development that are so necessary for him can be provided. That is, the full integration of such a child into the ordinary educational environment is impossible without his special support and, accordingly, without the close interaction of institutions of mass and special education.
Mukhina S.N. On the problem of the development of the psychomotor sphere of children in modern preschool education
Scientific and practical journal Included in the list of the Higher Attestation Commission under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
ISSN 1997-9657
Subscribe
№01 2017
Author(s):
— Mukhina Svetlana Nikolaevna
Heading:
— Theory and practice of education
Annotation
This article discusses the importance of the development of the psychomotor sphere in preschoolers. The author of the article considers the appeal to the problem of psychomotor development of children to be timely and acutely relevant. In the science of man, the existence of an inseparable connection between the development of the motor sphere of individuals and the development of their psyche as a whole has already been proven. The awareness of this fact is especially significant in relation to the preschool age of a developing person, on which the foundation of his physical and mental development and health is laid. The author tries to reveal the socio-pedagogical factors that seriously influence and cause this disturbing dynamics, raises the question of insufficient attention to the problem raised in preschool pedagogy and preschool educational practice, presents the methodology of pedagogical study of the psychomotor development of children developed by her and the experimental program for its formation in children of senior preschool age, substantiates the theoretical and methodological foundations for the development of the appropriate technology, on which she is working today.
Fragment of article
Psychomotor development and problems of modern education
The problem of the development of the psychomotor sphere of preschool children is relevant today, since this sphere is one of the indicators of the harmony of personality development, and its proper development ensures the social well-being of the child.
Preschool age is a sensitive period of psychomotor development. It is during this period that the intensive physical and mental development of the child takes place (L.A. Wenger, L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, etc.), the arbitrariness of mental functions and behavior becomes the main characteristic of a preschooler at the stage of his school start, a necessary a condition for his successful learning and adaptation in the modern world. It is very important at this age to pay serious attention to the development of the psychomotor sphere. However, this area of work is not spelled out in preschool education and development programs, so neither educators nor methodologists are aware of its importance.
Modern research shows that recognizing the game as the leading activity of a preschooler and understanding the desirable need to build and organize the process of raising and educating children in a playful way, teachers in practice, unfortunately, due to the existing and increasing density of filling groups every year, are forced to use desktop game didactic material than the developing potential of children’s motor activity. The intensification of the learning process, as well as the lack of time for free activities of preschoolers are pronounced psycho-traumatic factors for them, which, combined with a decrease in the level of motor game tasks and motor exercises, negatively affects their health, physical and mental development, which leads to their fatigue, unwillingness to study further. The results of the All-Russian medical examination of children in 2012 confirmed the decrease in the proportion of healthy children. The frequency of occurrence of functional disorders in children under the age of 10 years is 65-75%, in younger adolescents 10-14 years old – 80-90%, with a simultaneous doubling of the number of children with chronic pathology and disability. As a result of surveys, it was found that the leading place in the structure of chronic pathology of children and adolescents is occupied by chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system (Guidelines for Diagnosis and Prevention, 2012).
Read the full text of the article in the journal “SDO”
References
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<p>Welcome to Primrose Schools!</p><p>I am the proud owner of Primrose School of Keller.</p><p>In the late 90’s many Primrose Schools in North Tarrant County were being built. I grew up in Keller and had just graduated high school at Covenant Christian Academy in Colleyville and was entering the university life at Oklahoma Baptist University majoring in Early Childhood Administration. I often found myself driving by these new Primroses as I ran around town with my friends. I happened to notice a now hiring sign one summer and stopped in at Primrose School of The Mid-Cites. That particular day began my career with Primrose and with Terry Taylor and Rusty McNab.</p><p>Over the years, life continued, and my husband and I found ourselves looking for work and childcare. I called the school owner; Terry Taylor and the rest is history! In 2006, I partnered in with Terry and Rusty at Primrose Mid-Cities taking on the director role for many years all the while growing our own family. And in 2021, I began my ownership of Primrose School of Keller. Everything I have learned about business and early education has come from these years at Primrose. Understanding the growth and development of children from birth is exciting and fascinating to me. The practices we had in 1998 still stand true today, with some variations of course. We have learned so much about what children understand, how they learn, and what uniqueness’s they each have at such an early age.I am grateful each day to be apart of our student’s lives and families.</p><p>Who children become is as important as what they know is a belief that is at the core of our Balanced Learning<sup>®</sup> approach. Our exclusive early learning approach balances purposeful play with nurturing guidance from teachers to encourage curiosity, creativity, confidence and compassion. We deliver more than a curriculum; it’s a life-changing early learning experience for children and their families. </p><p>We are excited to meet you and your family!</p>
Franchise Owner
Stephanie Barfknecht
FRANCHISE OWNER
Welcome to Primrose Schools!
I am the proud owner of Primrose School of Keller.
In the late 90’s many Primrose Schools in North Tarrant County were being built. I grew up in Keller and had just graduated high school at Covenant Christian Academy in Colleyville and was entering the university life at Oklahoma Baptist University majoring in Early Childhood Administration. I often found myself driving by these new Primroses as I ran around town with my friends. I happened to notice a now hiring sign one summer and stopped in at Primrose School of The Mid-Cites. That particular day began my career with Primrose and with Terry Taylor and Rusty McNab.
Over the years, life continued, and my husband and I found ourselves looking for work and childcare. I called the school owner; Terry Taylor and the rest is history! In 2006, I partnered in with Terry and Rusty at Primrose Mid-Cities taking on the director role for many years all the while growing our own family. And in 2021, I began my ownership of Primrose School of Keller. Everything I have learned about business and early education has come from these years at Primrose. Understanding the growth and development of children from birth is exciting and fascinating to me. The practices we had in 1998 still stand true today, with some variations of course. We have learned so much about what children understand, how they learn, and what uniqueness’s they each have at such an early age.I am grateful each day to be apart of our student’s lives and families.
Who children become is as important as what they know is a belief that is at the core of our Balanced Learning® approach. Our exclusive early learning approach balances purposeful play with nurturing guidance from teachers to encourage curiosity, creativity, confidence and compassion. We deliver more than a curriculum; it’s a life-changing early learning experience for children and their families.
We are excited to meet you and your family!
See What’s Happening in Our School
More Than a Daycare
Our Balanced Learning approach to child care makes us different than an ordinary Keller daycare. Right down the road from Bear Creek Intermediate School and The Keller Pointe, we are conveniently located off Bear Creek Parkway.
Programs for Any Age
Infant, Toddler, Early preschool, Preschool, Pre-kindergarten, Kindergarten, After school, Summer adventure club
We bus to the following elementary schools:
Keller Harvel Elementary School, Hidden Lakes Elementary School, Florence Elementary School, Shady Grove Elementary School, Willis Elementary School and Ridgeview Elementary School
How We Foster a Sense of Belongingness
Children who feel valued and included are better equipped to show kindness and compassion to others, including those who are different from themselves.
Welcome to Og’s Book Corner
Each month we feature a classroom book that helps children feel a sense of belongingness. This month we sat down with Markette Sheppard to discuss her book “What Is Light?” and the message she wants to send to children.
An Introduction to ASQ®
To better meet the individual needs of every child, we’re proud to implement Ages & Stages Questionnaires® (ASQ®-3 and ASQ®:SE-2) in Primrose schools across the country.
Grounded in research, fueled by fun
Our new exclusive Harmony & Heart® program integrates our proprietary music and books in a variety of thoughtful ways each day. Through learning about music, while simultaneously being exposed to concepts in math, language, and character development, your child will grow as a musician, a student, and a person.
Health & Safety First
Each Primrose school is held to high standards of safety and cleanliness while maintaining a caring and nurturing environment where children can thrive.
What Are “QI Skills,” and Why Does My Child Need Them?
There’s no question that parents want their preschoolers to grasp the basics of colors, numbers and letters to foster a lifetime of learning.
How We Teach Math at Primrose
It might seem odd to think about your preschooler exploring data analysis and algebra.
Why Balanced Learning® Works
It’s a fact: children learn better when they are engaged. That’s why purposeful play and nurturing guidance from teachers are key components of Balanced Learning. See how this time-tested approach with a strong emphasis on life skills and character development can help your child develop and excel.
We’d love for your family to meet ours.
Schedule a tour
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Premier Prep School – Preschool & Childcare Center Serving Keller, TX
A Nurturing Christian
Environment Guides Little Ones
God’s Word Guides Them Along Their Path To Success
A Nurturing Christian
Environment Guides Little Ones
God’s Word Guides Them Along Their Path To Success
We Were Chosen As Best Place For Working Parents™️! We’re Proud To Be Of Service!
We are Committed To The Health Of Your Family
Faith-Based Learning Is At The Heart Of What We Do
Christianity and moral values are at the heart of all we do. We have daily chapel, Bible storytime, and pray before each meal to create a sense of community and a warm, family feeling for the children under our care.
Talented, Loving Teachers With
Years of Childcare Experience
Our highly educated staff is deeply passionate about early childhood education and spends an average of ten years with us. All of our pre-K teachers hold a college degree in English or Education, equipping them to provide meaningful care and lessons.
An Electrostatic Sprayer And Air
Scrubber Boost Cleaning Measures
High-Quality Education That
Ensures Kindergarten Readiness
Thanks to the Frog Street® and Abeka® curriculums, your little one will gain a strong foundation of academic skills throughout their time with us. From math to science, art, and literacy, they’ll be well equipped for their entry into grade school. You can count on us.
Literacy Is Guaranteed
By Preschool Graduation
Using the Formal Phonics curriculum, we will teach your child how to recognize letters and sounds, as well as pre-K vowels and high-frequency consonants. By the time they reach kindergarten, they’ll be able to read!
Rest Assured That Your
Little One Is Always Safe
Anyone who works with your child passed rigorous background checks so you know your child is in trusted hands. Restricted entryway access requiring personalized codes, security cameras inside and out, and a full perimeter fence, also ensure your kiddo is super safe.
The Building Blocks For Happy,
Independent Little Personalities
Patient teachers gently redirect and correct behaviors to refine your child’s socio-emotional skills and show them how to build healthy relationships. We use Love & Logic® and the Conscious Discipline® method to teach them how to care, share, and take turns.
Daily Outdoor Exercise on
Age-Appropriate Playgrounds
Your little one will run, jump and climb with their friends on our outdoor playgrounds twice a day. Each area is separated by age group to ensure that physical development happens at the right pace.
A Catered Food Program That
Introduces Healthy Eating Habits
Your child benefits from fresh, delicious meals and snacks from a premier school-specific caterer. Fruits, vegetables, nutritious proteins, and wholesome grains fuel your child’s learning and fun every day, and always account for preferences and sensitivities. Vegan options are available.
Voted Top Childcare
Provided By Our Community
We are the proud recipient of several local awards recognizing the high quality of our early childhood education programs. The Best Place 4 Kids in Fort Worth, induction in Society Life’s Tops in Tarrant 2020, and The Best Place For Babies from DFW Child.
Creativity Flourishes Through
Research-Based Enrichments
Beyond academic learning, your child will be encouraged to pick up new hobbies and express themselves through our roster of extracurricular activities. Each enrichment is backed by science, proven to boost creativity and brain growth, and include:
Music for exposure to sounds, instruments, culture, and more.
Spanish language instruction for bilingualism to take root early.
Professional dance class for rhythm, improvisation, mood, and even memory!
Monkeynastix: brain-boosting gymnastics classes that develop coordination, balance, and spatial awareness.
T.O.T.S: midline exercises so that children interact more fully with their environment.
Soccer for agility, footwork, and gamesmanship.
A Fun Bus made for tumbling, with monkey bars, trampolines, complete with a slide out the back.
Parent Communication
Keeps You Up To Speed
Never miss a beat throughout your child’s day! Our teachers proactively contact you to keep you informed with written daily reports, lesson plans to take home, helpful feedback about your little one’s routines and learning objectives.
How We Meet Your
Many Busy Needs
Skip the prep time thanks to helpful extras. Daily meals and snacks are served to your little one, uniforms for learners ages 2 and older are for purchase at a nominal fee, taking the guesswork out of what to wear. Plus we’re open twelve hours and close for only eight holidays.
Yes, We Offer Tuition Support Options
The Parrish Family
Read More
Chris,
thank you for the love and care we’ve experienced at Premier. It is more than I could have ever asked for and has been the source of much comfort and relief. Every difficult drop off was eased knowing they were with someone who cared for them and was here to watch them and guide them.
“A teacher takes a hand, opens a mind, and touches a heart.”
Our hearts have certainly been touched forever. Thank you for being part of our story. Thank you, The Parrish Family
Mrs. Felicia M.L. Davis
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Chris & Rob
What a model partnership you are! I cannot begin to express the peace I feel knowing you are the owners. Your level of compassion, dedication, and Godly joy abounds! I can only imagine the sleepless nights, countless hours of work, and all while balancing a family of your own. It does not go unnoticed! God Bless, Mrs. Felicia M.L. Davis
Jennifer Borchardt
Read More
We absolutely love Premier! All of the teachers have been amazing with our girls! The staff is so friendly! Watching our girls learn and grow has been an experience to remember! They are more prepared for Kindergarten then we ever could have imagined! We highly recommend Premier Academy at Heritage!
Rachel Fenn
Read More
I had my son here as an infant and absolutely loved it! The teachers were so attentive and gave me a detailed description of what happened during the day. I always felt so welcomed walking in especially seeing Chris and Jill at the front desk. The whole team is amazing! Definitely worth it!
Helene Sell
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ALWAYS a friendly face when I walk in and walk out. The staff really takes the time to get to know your family. I would highly recommend. Love that they are open when schools are closed, really helps the working parent who can’t always take off when school is closed.
Ashley Silvey
Read More
Premier has been a true blessing for our family. We have been taking our daughter there for the past 2 years and now she is off to Kindergarten!
Over the past few years our girl has grown dramatically with her speech, manners and reading/writing. The teachers are very structured, caring and supportive!
Abigail Richie
Read More
I cannot express how amazing this school is. The teachers and staff genuinely care about the kids. Ms Chris is an awesome Director. Couldn’t have found a better place for my daughter. Thanks Premier Academy!
Andrew Sisk
Read More
Premier has been an outstanding service to our family. The staff is extremely friendly and caring, all while providing superior educational services to the children. I highly recommend them!
Loriann Pulley
Read More
We love premier! I went through MANY daycares for my 12 month old daughter before I walked in the doors of Premier and felt like home! They knew my babies name the second time we even walked in. The staff is so friendly and welcoming.
A Train
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Could not have asked for a better experience!! Truly felt like an extended family and that’s EXACTLY what you want to feel when you are leaving your little ones in someone else’s care!
Melissa Bostick
Read More
Premier is a wonderful school. Your children will be loved and well taken care of. From the office staff to the teachers, everyone is professional and friendly!
Elizabeth Penna
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My kiddo has gone to this school since infancy and we have always had supportive & involved teachers and office staff! Will attend until my kids age out! 🙂
Miranda Heckler
Read More
Wonderful place, very clean and organized. Would highly recommend to any friends or family!
Joey J. Penna
Read More
They have always taken great care of my family! Good hearted people
Gabrielle H.
Read More
I love everything about Premier. … it amazes me the things my daughter is being taught there. Best decision ever💜
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INFANTS &
WOBBLY TODDLERS
6 weeks – 1 year
WALKING TODDLERS
12 – 24 months
PRESCHOOL
2 – 3 years
4 years old
BEFORE AND AFTER
5 – 12 years old
Early Learning / Early Learning Home
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Keller ISD’s Early Learning Department provides all early learners with a high quality program that includes developmentally appropriate curriculum supporting the needs of the whole child in a safe, accessible environment that respects and supports diversity.
The Early Learning Department strives to ensure that all staff and educators are knowledgeable and well trained in research-based early childhood best practices to provide students with a setting that creates family partnerships and meets individual student needs.
Click Here to Learn More About KISD’s Pre-K Program
Early Childhood Campuses
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Early Learning Center North
Pre-Kindergarten Eligibility
Pre-Kindergarten Enrollment
Pre-Kindergarten Curriculum
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Frequently Asked Questions
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Pre-Kindergarten Prepares
KEEP FAQs
Christy Johnson Director of Early Learning Programs
Erica Wood, M. Ed. Coordinator of Early Learning Programs
Adriana Rey Family Engagement Specialist/Parent Liaison
Kelly Johnston Coordinator for KEEP (Keller Early Enrichment Program) 817-744-6708
Melinda Smith Educational Support Specialist
817-744-1222
Average Hourly and Annual Pay
Updated August 22, 2022
$13.43hourly
To create our salary estimates, Zippia starts with data published in publicly available sources such as the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Foreign Labor Certification Data Center (FLC) Show More
$27,940 yearly
Entry level Salary
$17,000
yearly
$17,000
10 %
$27,940
Median
$44,000
90 %
How much does a Child Care Worker make in Keller, TX?
The average child care worker in Keller, TX makes $27,940 annually. The average hourly rate for a child care worker is $13.43/hr.
This compares to the national average child care worker salary of $31,284. Below, we break down the average child care worker salary in Keller, TX by the highest paying companies and industries.
You can also compare different types of child care worker salaries in and around Keller and a salary history chart that shows how the average salary for child care workers has changed over time in Keller.
Highest Paying Companies In City
Columbia University in the City of New York
Highest Paying Cities In The Area
Grand Prairie, TX
What Am I Worth?
Highest Paying Companies In City
Columbia University in the City of New York
Highest Paying Cities In The Area
Grand Prairie, TX
What Am I Worth?
Highest Paying Companies For Child Care Workers In Keller, TX
This chart shows how child care worker salaries compare at nearby companies. To view companies in a different region, use the location filter below to select a city or state.
Highest Paying Companies For Child Care Workers In Keller, TX
Highest Paying Cities Around Keller, TX For Child Care Workers
Location can have a major impact on how much child care workers get paid. This chart shows how child care worker salaries can vary depending on where they’re located in the United States.
Average Child Care Worker Pay By Industry In Keller, TX
The salary for a child care worker can vary depending on what industry the job is in. Here is a breakdown of the average pay across different industries that child care workers work in.
Highest Paying Industries in Keller, TX
Rank
Industry
Average Salary
Hourly Rate
1
Finance
$45,837
$22
2
Professional
$33,163
$16
3
Education
$32,240
$16
4
Non Profits
$27,993
$13
5
Health Care
$26,535
$13
Average Child Care Worker Salary Over Time In Keller, TX
Compare the average child care worker salary history for individual cities or states with the national average.
Average Child Care Worker Salary In Keller, TX By Year
Real Child Care Worker Salaries Around Keller, TX
Company
Job
Location
Date Added
Salary
Ascend Staffing
Carpenter Worker | Day Shift | Weekly Pay
Grapevine, TX
04/13/2022
$29,218
City of Lewisville
Childwatch Attendant-Thrive Center
Lewisville, TX
02/19/2022
$22,957
Synergy Homecare
Child Care/Caregiver
Little Elm, TX
12/03/2021
$25,044
Care.com
Loving Playful Sitter Needed for MY Grandbabies
Arlington, TX
10/31/2021
$31,305
City of Lewisville
Thrive Childwatch Attendant
Lewisville, TX
09/24/2021
$22,957
Care.com
Permanent Sitter Needed for 2 Children
Fort Worth, TX
03/15/2021
$20,870
Cornerstone Staffing
Day Worker
Grand Prairie, TX
06/02/2019
$25,044
Belayneh Tafesse
Child Care Worker
Arlington, TX
10/20/2014
$19,889
Amy Owen
Child Care Worker
Argyle, TX
01/09/2009
$14,087
Child Care Worker Salaries In Keller FAQs
What Is The Salary Range For a Child Care Worker In Keller, TX?
The salary range for a child care worker in Keller, TX is from $17,000 to $44,000 per year, or $8 to $21 per hour.
What Is A Liveable Salary In Keller, TX?
A liveable salary in Keller, TX is $27,900, or $13 per hour. That is the average salary for people living in Keller.
What Is A Good Salary In Keller, TX?
A good salary in Keller, TX is anything over $27,900. That’s because the median income in Keller is $27,900, which means if you earn more than that you’re earning more than 50% of the people living in Keller.
What Is a Child Care Worker’s Salary In Keller, TX?
Percentile
Annual Salary
Monthly Salary
Hourly Rate
90th Percentile
$44,000
$3,666
$21
80th Percentile
$40,625
$3,385
$20
70th Percentile
$37,250
$3,104
$18
60th Percentile
$33,875
$2,822
$16
Average
$30,500
$2,541
$15
40th Percentile
$27,125
$2,260
$13
30th Percentile
$23,750
$1,979
$11
20th Percentile
$20,375
$1,697
$10
10th Percentile
$17,000
$1,416
$8
Have more questions? See all answers to common questions.
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17 Learning Care Group Schools in the Keller, Grapevine Area
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901 East Harmon Road
Fort Worth, TX 76131
Phone:
877. 624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
2800 Central Drive
Bedford, TX 76021
Phone:
877.624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
1950 West Glade Road
Grapevine, TX 76051
Phone:
877. 624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 7:00 AM – 6:00 PM
Schedule a Tour
600 Mid-cities Blvd
Hurst, TX 76054
Phone:
877.624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
4500 Silver Sage Drive
Fort Worth, TX 76137
Phone:
877. 624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
1255 Rufe Snow Drive
Keller, TX 76248
Phone:
877.624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
3955 Reggis Court
Fort Worth, TX 76155
Phone:
877. 624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
1601 Corporate Circle
Southlake, TX 76092
Phone:
877.624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
2301 Western Center Blvd
Fort Worth, TX 76131
Phone:
877. 624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
4500 Alliance Gateway
Fort Worth, TX 76177
Phone:
877.624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
129 West Town Center Drive
Coppell, TX 75019
Phone:
877. 624.2604
877.624.2604
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
2804 Central Drive
Bedford, TX 76021
Phone:
817.358.0665
817.358.0665
Ages: 6 Weeks – 6 Years
Open: M-F, 7:00 AM – 6:00 PM
Schedule a Tour
4301 Pool Road
Colleyville, TX 76034
Phone:
877. 684.1613
877.684.1613
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
4700 Glade Creek Drive
Colleyville, TX 76034
Phone:
817.577.8353
817.577.8353
Ages: 6 Weeks – 6 Years
Open: M-F, 7:00 AM – 6:00 PM
Schedule a Tour
2020 Harwood
Bedford, TX 76021
Phone:
877. 861.5078
877.861.5078
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
1315 N Main St
Euless, TX 76039
Phone:
877.861.5078
877.861.5078
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Schedule a Tour
5432 Basswood Blvd
Fort Worth, TX 76137
Phone:
877. 861.5078
877.861.5078
Ages: 6 Weeks – 12 Years
Open: M-F, 6:30 AM – 6:00 PM
Schedule a Tour
This is much more than just daycare. At Childtime®, we’re committed to doing everything possible to support our community. It starts with a healthy, safe environment when your child is away from home. We have closely followed guidance from state and local health authorities, to enhance and strengthen our existing rigorous procedures.
We’re all on this journey together, so we provide a comprehensive digital experience to keep families connected. SproutAbout® is our all-in-one, custom-built live streaming and communications app designed with your family in mind. Easily communicate with teachers and school leaders, see what your child is learning, and feel confident knowing the details of their day.
We offer developmentally appropriate programs and specialized curriculum for infants to school-age students. Our School Readiness Pathway provides options to create the most fitting path for your child to elementary school and future academic success.
Infant Care and Toddler Programs feature Learn from the Start™, our exclusive, milestone-based curriculum.
Preschool and Pre-Kindergarten Programs offer math and literacy learning plus opportunities for social development.
Junior Kindergarten enhances your child’s abilities before kindergarten.
Check out our school for yourself to see all the exciting things going on! Depending on location, virtual and/or in-person tours may be available.
* The patient follows the treatment plan recommended by the doctor, follows the recommendations and the schedule of mandatory preventive and hygienic examinations.
** According to Kommersant publishing house and StartSmile magazine.
Shevchenko Viktor Aleksandrovich
My name is Shevchenko Viktor Aleksandrovich, I am an orthopedist at the Doctor Keller Dental Clinic.
My profile is implantation. Full diagnostics and consultation with the interpretation of a computer tomogram, the selection of an orthopedic design and the selection of an implant. Installation of all-ceramic veneers, Hollywood smile, work with digital 3D modeling, work on a microscope in an increased aesthetic zone with minimal tooth preparation, restoration of the dentition, diagnostics of articulatory relationships of the dentition, microprosthetics of teeth, fixed prosthetics, assistance with dental trauma, prosthetics of teeth , prosthetics using metal ceramics, e-max ceramics, modern material zirconium dioxide “ZrO2”, restorations of any complexity of teeth, removable prosthetics, telescopic prosthetics. I will be glad to see you at my reception!
Dentist-orthopedist
Kim Julia Dmitrievna
Children’s department
Maria Nikolaevna Bargeeva
Orthodont
Chivchyan ASSHAKOVNA
Dentist-therapist
Kostench 9000 9000 9000-ortdoped. Head physician of clinic
Our awards
A letter of thanks from LLC “MedRating”
For fruitful cooperation, development of patient-centeredness and active work with reviews on the ProDoctors portal.
Certificate of Conformity
Clinic of the Year 2021
Komsomolskaya Pravda awarded the winners of the Clinic of the Year 2021 project
In the nomination “Implementation of Innovative Technologies”, the network of family dentistry “Doctor Keller” was recognized as the clinic of the year!
DOCTOR KELLER “INNOVATION CENTER” ACCORDING TO THE DENTAL ASSOCIATION OF RUSSIA
Doctor Keller clinic network is the best clinic in Rostov region 2020
Doctor Keller clinic network became the best clinic in Rostov region 2020
BARGEEVA M.N. BECAME THE WINNER OF THE INDEPENDENT PRIZE OF THE SERVICE “PRODOKTOROV.RU”
On November 8, the All-Russian ProDoctors-2020 award was held, dedicated to clinics and doctors – the leaders of the national rating. The ProDoctors award has become the largest medical award in Russia, based on the sympathy of patients. 700,000 doctors and 50,000 clinics from all over the country claimed the title of the best. To determine the winners, the service collected 200,000 reviews and generated ratings based on them in each region.
The Doctor Keller clinic chain is in the TOP-10 of the best clinics in the Rostov region
The Doctor Keller clinic chain is in the TOP-10 BEST CLINICS OF THE ROSTOV REGION TOP best dentists in Rostov and the region in 2020.
Doctor Keller Clinic is included in the list of laureates of the All-Russian competition “The Best Private Clinics of the Russian Federation – 2020″ EXPERTMEDIAGROUP” on the territory of the Russian Federation
Diploma “Best Family Dental Clinic”
Once again, we were highly appreciated for the professionalism of our specialists and became the best family dental clinic in 2019!
Quality certificate
This certificate confirms that the Dental Clinic “Doctor Keller” on Stachki, Rostov-on-Don is included in the Top-3 dentistry
according to patients on 09/27/2019.
View all awards
Our work
Useful articles
Opening of a new clinic in Rostov
Prevention of caries in children
Can an implant not take root?
How long should you wear braces?
Why do children grow uneven teeth, and what to do about it?
The child is afraid to treat his teeth – what to do?
New rules for visiting clinics Dr. Keller
Braces Care
Wisdom tooth: to remove or not
How to remove tartar and why does it appear?
TOOTHBRUSH WAR!
Interesting facts about teeth
Children’s toothbrush: how to choose?
Veneers or crowns?
What kind of animal is the irrigator and what is it for?
How to make a dentist a friend of a child?
How to overcome the fear of the dentist?
Is it possible to treat teeth during pregnancy?
Does your smile attract everyone?
What to do with tooth sensitivity?
Is implantation painful, time-consuming and requires long-term rehabilitation?
Summer is coming: recommendations before the holidays
“Doctor Keller” in Rostov-on-Don is a network of family dentistry that has existed for more than 7 years. Over the years of our work, more than 40 thousand people have found healthy and beautiful smiles.
The Doctor Keller network was recognized as the “Best Dentistry of the Don” in 2017 and has been rightfully included in the 100 best dental clinics in Russia for 2 years.
Advantages of the dental clinic “Doctor Keller”
The main priority of the clinic “Doctor Keller” is the quality of the treatment. The use of modern materials and advanced procedures, combined with the best professional German equipment, guarantees the solution of the most complex dental problems in patients of all ages.
Treatment in the dental clinic “Doctor Keller” is:
Individual approach.
Payment by installments for 1 year without interest.
Work under the VMI program.
Guarantee for treatment if all doctor’s recommendations are followed
Anesthesia and laughing gas treatment for adults and young patients.
High standards of sterilization. Participation in the AntiAIDS/AntiHepatitis program.
Convenient work schedule. Dentistry is open every day from 8.00 to 21.00, including weekends.
The cost of treatment is calculated on an individual basis, we always offer several options for procedures for any budget.
For young patients, our clinic is equipped with special children’s rooms, decorated in a fabulous style and equipped with advanced equipment. There are also play areas where the child can relax before the appointment and forget about their fear. Thus, we adapt children before admission, as a result, they are not afraid of procedures, and all treatment is carried out in a semi-playful form.
Reviews
Irina
04/08/2019 11:03:00
This is not the first time we take our sweet tooth there – there is very good pediatric dentistry, the children are wildly delighted with it – cartoons, good doctors are everywhere. If earlier we could scare the guys that if they eat a lot of sweets, they will have to go to the dentist, but now such threats do not work – that’s it! Jump on the chair, as at home. They treat very well, firstly, the injections are easy, and secondly, there are no consequences. We put three fillings on the older one, and the younger one almost caught up with him – so far two, no one complained, the fillings are already holding decently. Thank you very much for the warm welcome!
Irina, hello, thank you sincerely for your kind words! We are glad that you trust us with your sweet tooth and hope that your teeth will not hurt anymore!)
Alisa
03/26/2019 17:31:00
Last week we went with my daughter to treat her teeth in Keller, which is on Sadovaya. It was the first time, I was very worried, I don’t even know who is more – me or a small one) But when they brought me into the office – just a delight! Everything for children: the atmosphere is cheerful, kind doctors, they speak very professionally with the child, delve into all the individual characteristics. Caries was cleaned out, a filling was placed. The painkiller was administered carefully. Our teeth growth is wrong, they also promised to help. Let’s put a plate, probably. Thank you for your kind attention and good work!
Alice, hello, happy that you liked it! Thank you for trusting your treasure, we will continue to try to please you!)
Read all reviews
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130 doctors
total experience – 1300 years
8 clinics
are located in 7 cities
from 8:00 to 21:00
We work daily, without days off
2 000+ reviews
We are appreciated
Pogrebov Roman Valerievich
Founder
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Doctor Keller Dentistry – 18 doctors, 247 reviews | Bataysk
How to introduce you to the readers of our ProDoctors website? Manager of the dental clinic “Doctor Keller” in Bataysk.
Please tell us about how you chose your profession.
I am a specialist in service and tourism by profession, I worked in hotels for 15 years, I wanted to try the role of a manager in a related field, a new direction. I received an offer to the Keller Clinic, which I was very happy about, since I myself and my whole family are patients of our clinic.
Please describe yourself as a manager.
I love working with people: co-workers, patients; I like to resolve difficult situations and complex issues when patients leave with understanding and confidence in the quality of our clinic.
Do you have a personal recipe for success? Tell about it.
Create a team where employees have the values of the company, the desire to achieve their goals, high motivation for success, educate all employees in respect for the patient.
What could you tell us about yourself outside of the profession – interesting facts or
deeds?
Mother of 2 children, 6 and 10 years old, almost no free time, I love animals (I have a cat). One of my educations is a teacher of a foreign language, so sometimes I try to read something in English (“Harry Potter”, for example). I love working out in the gym. Unfortunately, due to the eternal lack of time, it turns out to go to the gym only at 7 in the morning, but this is already not bad!
If you caught a goldfish, what would be your three wishes?
Eat and not get fat)))) Lots of money to make everyone happy.
Imagine that you were able to use the time machine. Which moment
Would you like to change in your life?
I wouldn’t want to change anything in my life.
What question would you like to answer yourself, but you are never asked?
There is no such thing.
Imagine that you are invited to a 15-minute audience with the President of the Russian Federation. O
How would you talk to him during this time?
About the education system: children have no desire to go to school, and this needs to be changed.
What is medicine for you? How do you perceive it?
From the point of view of an ordinary person, medicine for me is always about help and participation. And as for the manager of the clinic, this is expertise, high quality and standards of treatment.
How do you see the prospects for national health care?
I believe that private medical enterprises have more prospects than public ones, as there are more opportunities to develop and grow.
What would be your first three decisions if you woke up tomorrow as the Minister of Health.
None.
What is your understanding of a healthy lifestyle and do you actually follow it?
Proper nutrition, sports, clinical examination once a year. Visiting the dentist twice a year. This is a comfortable state of health, I try to adhere to proper nutrition and go to sports, but the most important thing is peace of mind, of course.
Let’s move on to the hospital you run. What, from your point of view, is its key difference from others?
This is the only family dentistry in Bataysk, many of our patients first brought their children, and then began to receive treatment themselves. We try to maintain high standards of service and treatment, our equipment and equipment help us in this, our clinic is the only one in the city where there is computed tomography. We have medical coordinators working in our clinic, this is help and support for patients, we are in touch with them 24/7.
What historical moments have had the greatest impact on the establishment of the institution you now lead?
None.
I would like to ask what new things have been introduced into the work of the institution during your work?
I came to the clinic when the introduction of a network of medical curators into all clinics began, we worked out and adapted this system so that it was understandable to patients and had a positive effect on the clinic. We also carry out a lot of social work – these are professional examinations in kindergartens and schools in order to spread the culture of dental care among children and adolescents.
What indicators, in your opinion, most clearly characterize the medical institution you manage?
An increase in the number of our patients, an increase in the number of large total works.
What methods of diagnostics or treatment in your medical institution would you call unique?
In our clinic, we always consider the patient’s treatment in a comprehensive manner, it is the complexity that is our uniqueness, we involve related specialists. For example, one patient is immediately treated by a therapist and an orthopedist, or a surgeon and an orthodontist. Our goal is to bring the patient to full sanitation, that is, to carry out a complete dental treatment in stages.
What prospects do you see for the further development of the institution in modern conditions?
Our clinic has been in need of expansion for a long time, more and more people want to undergo treatment, we plan to add rooms and recruit doctors.
And at the end of our conversation, what would you like to wish the readers?
Wish, of course, health, dream and realize all desires…. with a smile)
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Helen Keller: “Turn to face the light and you will not be able to see the shadows” YANA IVASHK…
Helen Keller: “Turn to face the light and you will not be able to see the shadows” JANA IVASHKEVICH
Helen Adams Keller was born June 27, 1880 in Tuscumbia, Alabama. At the age of 18 months, the girl fell ill with an infectious disease, which worsened and led to loss of vision, hearing and the ability to speak. In 1887, Helen’s teacher, Anna Sulivan, helped the girl make a grand breakthrough, in fact, giving her the opportunity to communicate with the outside world. Helen graduated from college, became the founder of the American Civil Liberties Union (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union), and has received numerous awards for her contributions to the rights of people with disabilities.
“Two of the greatest characters of the 19th century, Napoleon Bonaparte and Helen Keller. Napoleon tried to take over the world by physical force and was defeated. Helen tried to conquer the world with her mind – and she won.” Mark Twain
Childhood
Helen Keller was the first daughter of Arthur Keller and Katherine Adams Keller. The girl had two half-brothers. Helen’s father served as an officer in the Allied Army during the Civil War. The income of the family was mainly the proceeds from the work of the cotton plantation. Arthur later became editor of the local weekly North Alabamian. The family could never boast of prosperity.
Helen was born a normal child with hearing and vision. She started talking when she was 6 months old and walking at the age of 1 year.
Loss of hearing and vision
In 1882, Helen contracted an infectious disease that her family doctor called “brain fever” – the baby had a very high temperature. The true nature of the disease has not yet been disclosed, but some experts agree that it could be scarlet fever or meningitis. Two days after the temperature subsided, Helen’s mother noticed that her daughter stopped responding to the sound of the door opening and to moving objects. Keller lost her sight and hearing. She was 18 months old.
Helen’s childhood was very difficult – she was a wild and uncontrollable child: she could fight and scream when she was preoccupied with something, injure herself, giggle uncontrollably when she was happy. The only child with whom Helen established at least some kind of connection was the youngest daughter of the family cook, Martha. Girlfriends invented about 60 signs to understand each other. Helen could not communicate with anyone else.
Helen’s uncontrollable behavior began to alarm others: she tortured Martha and spewed out rage at her parents when they tried to protect their daughter. Over time, proposals to place the girl in a specialized institution, “where she will be properly cared for,” began to sound more and more often in her environment.
Teacher Anna Sulivan
In 1886, in search of answers and inspiration, Helen’s mother stumbles upon Charles Dickens’ travel club, American Notes. She gathers enough material about the education of a deaf and blind child, Laura Bridgman, to make an appointment with Dr. Julian Chisolm, who, in turn, refers the girl to the inventor of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell. After examining Helen, Bell gives a direction to Boston, Massachusetts, where the director of the Perkin Institute advises using the services of graduate Anna Sulivan. The meeting with Anna marked the beginning of a 49-year-long collaboration between a teacher and a student.years.
In March 1887, Sulivan arrived at the Keller home in Alabama and immediately set to work. To let the girl know that the gift she brought was a doll and not something else, Anna decided by writing the word “doll” on one hand of the girl and putting the object (doll) in the other hand. The doll was followed by other objects. At first Helen was interested, then she began to act defiantly, refusing to listen to the instructions of the teacher. When, nevertheless, she managed to keep the student’s attention, Sulivan bitterly repeated that the girl did not see the connection between the objects that she felt tactilely and the letters that she wrote on her hand. At the same time, the teacher persistently continued her work, forcing Helen to understand the teaching system.
Helen’s irritation grew, her rage after and during class became more and more obvious, misunderstanding threatened to become a stumbling block in her studies. In the end, Sulivan insisted on isolating her and Helen from the family in order to concentrate Helen only on the teacher’s briefing. They succeeded – the teacher and the student moved to a separate house on the plantation.
A breakthrough in the girl’s education was the concept of “water”. The physical effect of water on the girl’s hand helped to establish the connection between the object and its writing. Unable to bear the misunderstanding, the teacher led the girl to a water pump on the plantation. As the water poured over Helen’s hand, Anna wrote the word “w-o-d-a” on the other hand. At that moment, Helen understood the principle and repeated the spelling of the word on the teacher’s hand. The girl then pointed to the ground, demanding that the word be written. The teacher wrote the word “earth”. During the night, Helen learned 30 new words in this way.
Education and career
In 1890, Helen began taking speech classes at a school for the deaf in Boston. Teaching conversational practice was very difficult for Helen – for 25 years she has been trying to learn how to communicate in words with the outside world. Since 1896, she successfully begins attending a school for the deaf in New York, where, in addition to communication skills, she masters basic academic knowledge.
It is around this time that Helen finally becomes convinced that she wants to graduate and graduate from college. At 189In 6 she attends the Cambridge School for Young Ladies where her story is made public. Since that time, Helen begins to meet famous and influential people. One of these patrons, and later a friend, for the girl is the writer Mark Twain.
Mark Twain helped the girl find funds to pay for her studies at Radcliff College. Helen attended college accompanied by a teacher who sat nearby and gave her the contents of lectures and texts that Helen could neither see nor hear.
By this time, Helen had mastered a number of other modes of communication, such as lip reading, Braille, speech, typing, and finger lettering. With the help of teacher and future husband Anna Sulivan, Helen wrote her first book, The Story of My Life. It fully described the history of her formation as a person from childhood to 21 years of age.
Helen graduated from college with a degree in Art at the age of 24 in 1904. She became the first deaf and blind college graduate to receive an honors degree.
Sulivan married in 1905, but continued to work with Helen after the marriage. Helen lived in the honeymoon house and at first received undivided attention from both Anna and her husband. Gradually, however, Anna drifted away from her husband as her commitment to working with Helen Keller continued unabated. A few years later, Anna separated from her husband, although they never divorced.
Social work and community activities
Helen saw herself as a writer – her autobiography designated the profession as “author”. The Story of My Life has been translated into 50 languages. The girl wrote and published a number of other works, including the essay “Optimism”, the books “The World I Live In”, “The Song of the Stone Wall”; “Out of the Dark”; “My Religion”; “Midstream—My Later Life”; “Peace at Eventide”; “Helen Keller in Scotland”; Helen Keller’s Journal; “Let Us Have Faith”; “Teacher, Anne Sullivan Macy” and “The Open Door”.
Helen’s archives contain some 475 speeches and essays she wrote on the topics of faith, prevention of blindness, fertility, the rise of fascism in Europe, and nuclear energy. Helen typed the text in Braille and then retyped it on a typewriter.
She acted as a peacemaker supporting the non-participation of the US in the First World War, as a socialist defending the rights of workers and as an advocate for women’s rights. Helen became one of the first members of the American Civil Liberties Union and subsequently one of its founding members.
Helen’s ideas found their way into the work of the American Foundation for the Blind (AFB). Helen became interested in the organization in 1921 and worked with it for more than 40 years.
Helen’s optimism and courage were enough to support soldiers returning from the war, and her contribution to the creation of a specialized post-war organization to support the blind and deaf also caused a wide resonance among the wounded and crippled. 0003
In 1946, the American Braille Press, of which Helen was a member of the directors, expanded its mandate to become the American Foundation for Overseas Blind (now Helen Keller International). At the same time, Helen was given the position of adviser on international relations. Since then, her work to protect the rights of people with visual and hearing impairments has gone international.
For the seven tours she made between 1946 to 1957, Helen managed to visit 35 countries on 7 continents. She worked with world leaders Winston Churchill, Jawaharlal Nehru and Golda Meir.
In 1948, General Douglas MacArthur sent her to Japan as the first Goodwill Ambassador. Her visit was a great success – about 2 million Japanese people took to the streets to greet Helen, and her appearance drew attention to the plight of the blind and disabled in Japan.
In 1955, at the age of 75, Helen Keller took part in one of the longest journeys in Asia – the delegation had to cover 40,000 miles in 5 months.
Helen Keller was known from the age of 8 until her death. She was interested in various spheres of life, among her acquaintances were Eleanor Roosevelt, Albert Einstein, Emma Goldman, Charlie Chaplin, John F. Kennedy, Henry Ford, Franklin Roosevelt and many others. Her work has received a number of awards and prizes from Harvard University, the University of Glasgow and Berlin in Europe, the University of Delhi in India, and the University of South Africa.
Death and legacy
Keller suffered several strokes at 1961 and spent the rest of her life at her home in Connecticut. During her lifetime, she received numerous awards for her achievements, including the 1936 Roosevelt Distinguished Achievement Medal, the 1964 Presidential Medal for Freedom, and 1965 selection to the Women’s Hall of Fame.
Helen Keller died in her sleep on June 1, 1968, a couple of weeks before her 88th birthday. The life path of Helen Keller showed that in order to conquer the world with the power of thought, the lack of sight and hearing is not an insurmountable obstacle.