When did you wean: Weaning Through the Ages | Baby Nutrition

Опубликовано: November 25, 2022 в 6:33 am

Автор: alexxlab

Категории: Miscellaneous

Weaning Through the Ages | Baby Nutrition

Modern mums know it’s important not to wean too early, but it wasn’t always so.

We take a fascinating – and sometimes horrifying – look at how babies have been weaned throughout history…

At a glance

Babies in the ancient world were breastfed for much longer than most Western babies are today

A wealthy medieval mother didn’t have to worry about breastfeeding – her wet nurse did it for her

The innovative Victorians developed powdered infant milk in 1865

Ancient times

Babies in the ancient world were breastfed for much longer than most Western babies are today. The Greeks waited until 12-18 months to wean, the Romans and Ancient Hebrews until about three years, when all the baby teeth had come through.

Medieval times

Unlike a poor woman, a wealthy medieval mother didn’t have to worry about breastfeeding – her wet nurse did it for her.

Weaning could take place at any time from one to three years of age. When the time came to wean, the wet nurse would simply chew up food in her own mouth and pass it to the baby.

Infant mortality was high in the medieval period, when wet nursing and weaning on chewed food often caused disease to spread.

16th to 18th centuries

As the centuries passed, weaning happened earlier and earlier, with often disastrous consequences.

A 16th-century English baby would be weaned between 7 and 9 months and breastfed until 18 months, pretty much as we do today.

By the fashion-conscious 18th century, however, weaning could be started as early as 2 months.

Artificial baby foods – ‘pap’ – made from cereal mixed with unpasteurised milk and sometimes raw meat juices were fed from fashionably new but unsterilised ceramic baby feeders. Narcotic drugs, such as laudanum, could be added to the feeder to ‘soothe’ the baby.

Babies could be fully weaned off the breast by 8 months if they were lucky enough to live that long. Many babies died of diarrhoea, yet the fashion for artificial feeding continued.

The 19th century

The innovative Victorians developed powdered infant milk in 1865 (made from cow’s milk, malt and wheat flour) and packaged it in sterile containers. Infant deaths decreased between 1890 and 1910 as hygiene was better understood and more widely practised, and as milk for weaning foods was pasteurised.

20th century

From the 1900s onwards, doctors advised weaning at around 1 year, although many mothers continued to wean early, at 3-6 weeks. Various weaning foods from pap to evaporated milk were used, often fortified with cod liver oil and orange juice to prevent scurvy.

By the 1950s, it was believed that breast milk alone could not supply a baby with enough essential vitamins and iron. Solid foods were introduced even earlier – a 1953 weaning schedule advises cereals to be fed twice a day at 2-3 days of age!

The 1970s baby was usually weaned on to solids by the time she was 3 months old. Studies over the last 40 years found that later weaning is beneficial to babies, and 4 months was recommended, increasing to 6 months.

21st century

In 2003 both the World Health Organisation and the NHS recommended exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months.

Mums say

“My mum breast fed me for about a year, but when I had my children the fashion was for giving them solid food like cereal early – ridiculously early. It was real ignorance. People would be proud that their babies were eating solids at a few months’ old! I tried to give my daughter cereal at six weeks – it was the fashion – and she was terribly sick. Her little stomach just couldn’t take it. Things are much better now.” ’Paula, mum of 3

What is weaning? When is it time to wean? • KellyMom.com

By Kelly Bonyata, IBCLC, Becky Flora, IBCLC and Paula Yount

The word “wean” means a

passage from one relationship to another –
not a loss or detachment from a relationship.

The weaning process begins the first time your baby takes food from a source other than your breast – whether it’s formula from a bottle or mashed banana from a spoon. Weaning is the gradual replacement of breastfeeding with other foods and ways of nurturing.

From a strictly medical point-of-view, the younger the baby the more important it is for him to receive breastmilk. For the premature baby, the benefits of breastmilk may be even more important than for the term baby. The more immature the baby, the greater the need for the protective features of breastmilk. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that for ideal nutrition, your baby should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months, and that nursing should continue after the introduction of solids for at least 12 months and longer if mother and baby wish. The World Health Organization recommends that babies be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months, and that breastfeeding be continued for up to two years of age or beyond. Read more here about the advantages of breastfeeding.

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It’s a myth that the benefits of breastmilk stop at a certain point. Instead, they continue and are more significant and longer-lasting for both you and your child the longer breastfeeding continues. In fact, the antibodies in human milk are more concentrated the lesser the frequency of breastfeeding is (say with a toddler or older child). If you nurse on into your child’s toddler years he won’t even need cow’s milk as long as he receives other foods rich in protein, calcium, and fats, and nurses at least a couple of times a day. Read more here about the benefits of nursing past a year.

All children reach an age of being ready to wean at different times. While one may be ready – or at least more willing – at 18 months, another may not be ready until closer to 2, 3 or 4 years of age. The word “wean” means a passage from one relationship to another – not a loss or detachment from a relationship.

In ancient writings, the word “wean” meant “to ripen” — like a fruit nourished to readiness, its time to leave the vine… Weaning was a joyous occasion because a weaned child was valued as a fulfilled child; a child was so filled with the basic tools of the earlier stages of development that she graduated to take on the next stage of development more independently.
— from The Baby Book by William Sears. MD and Martha Sears, RN, p. 187

It’s important to be realistic about your expectations for weaning. Stopping breastfeeding does not make mothering any easier or force your child to grow up any faster. Your baby will still demand lots of your attention; supplying this in ways other than nursing can be challenging. Breastfeeding can be a real work saver when you can count on it as a surefire way of getting a baby to quiet down or sleep. Often there are ways other than total weaning to cope with mothers’ feelings of restlessness or being tied down.

If you choose to do so, there are many benefits to continuing to breastfeed as your baby grows into toddlerhood. This is the most natural path to follow. Babies who are allowed to wean at their own pace usually continue to nurse well past their first birthday (though this does not mean that you would be unable to wean later on if that is what you wish). As your baby learns to eat other foods and to drink from a cup, breastfeeding becomes more important for comfort and reassurance than for nourishment. When allowed to do so, children wean gradually, at their own developmental rate and when they are truly ready.

All children will eventually wean, whether they are allowed to self-wean
or are encouraged to wean on an earlier time frame.

Additional information

What If I Want To Wean My Baby? by Diane Wiessinger, MS, IBCLC
Is Baby Weaning or Is It a Nursing Strike? by Nancy Mohrbacher
Deciding When to Wean by Jeri Carr
Weaning: What does it mean? by William Sears, MD and Martha Sears, RN
Weaning articles from NEW BEGINNINGS
Nursing after the first year @

Lyrics Unknown – I forgot how to live alone translation, lyrics, video, clip

On tiptoes, be quiet, come to me
Hug like snow hugs in December.
You are my guardian angel, intoxicating
Your look. I need a sobering station.

Love at a minimum, like air through the veins
There is no point in changing something, and probably too late.
I throw my fists, I can’t believe it
I go to bed with my back to you, and you face the wall.

Look at the sky, cover your eyes with your hand
I did not say words about love – another said them.
Run away from me, it won’t get better with me
You won’t be my wife, I won’t be your husband.

We waited. Wiping memory clean,
We waited. Erase what has been started.
We waited. Always forgiving is not my style
We waited. Leave. Sorry.

I have forgotten how to live alone,
Weaned from loneliness.
And all the scandals are just background0003
After all, I live with you.

I have forgotten how to live alone,
Weaned from loneliness.
And all the scandals are just a background,
After all, I live with you.

We waited, didn’t we? We torture ourselves,
Turn around without a trace, we burn all the bridges.
Not a drop of adoration left,
And what you liked about you is now only annoying.

I’m sick of both sadness and joy
When you sit opposite and there is an abyss between us.
And the feeling is not in my power, forgive you
You chirp something about love, which, to me, is nonsense.

We waited. Cold contemptible look,
We waited. Remember and turn back time.
Can’t, I know. So from what is
Something inside burns deep and gnaws painfully.

You can’t leave and you can’t leave everything like that,
You can’t love and you can’t force yourself to lie.
I let go of your hand, every moment is a burden
This is where love becomes boring. We waited.

I have forgotten how to live alone,
Weaned from loneliness.
And all the scandals are just a background,
After all, I live with you.

On tiptoes quietly, come to me
Hug, hugs as snow in December.
You’re my guardian angel, drunk
your opinion. I need to otrezvitel.

Love at a minimum, if the air through the veins
Something I don’t make sense, and probably later.
Throws with his fists, I can’t believe
I go to bed with him back to you, and you face the wall.

Look at the sky, shut her eyes
Words of love I did not say – they said the other.
Run away from me, with me will not be better
You will not be my wife, you will not become her husband.

Waited. Erase the memory completely
Waited. Erase what has been started.
Waited. Always forgive is not my style,
Waited. go away. I’m sorry.

I had forgotten how to live alone,
Weaned from loneliness.
And all the scandals just background,
After all, I live in one of you.

Wait, isn’t it? Themselves tormented,
Turn around without a trace, all the bridges burn.
There was not a drop of adoration,
And what do you like about – now just annoying.

I was disgusted and sadness, and joy
When you sit in front and the gap between us.
And the feeling is not in my power to forgive you
About love schebechesh something that I stupidity.

Waited. Cold despicable opinion
Waited. Remember and bring back time.
It is impossible, I know. So for what
Something inside burns deep and painful gnawing.

You can’t go away and can’t leave everything,
You can’t love and can’t bring myself to lie.
Let go of your hand, a burden every moment
That was the boredom love. Waited.

I had forgotten how to live alone,
Weaned from loneliness.
And all the scandals just background,
After all, I live in one of you.

“He has lost the habit of working.” The expert named the cause of Lewis’s problems

Author:

Christian Nimmervoll

,
chief editor of Motorsport-Total (Germany)

29 Apr. 2022 09:07

Click to download audio player

Lewis Hamilton has amassed an impressive record of victories and titles in Formula 1, becoming the most statistically successful driver in F1 history. However, from the very beginning of the 2022 season, there was no doubt that the driver himself and his Mercedes team are no longer the main force in the championship.

In this situation, it suddenly turned out that the sir seven-timer looks rather pale compared to his young teammate George Russell: he finished all the past races in the top five, earned 49 points already and is fourth in the overall standings.

Lewis now has 29 points and seventh position. The qualifying score in Mercedes is still 2:2, but in the races George is ahead – 3:1.

Expert of the German channel Sky Sport Alexander Bodo is well aware of the situation in the championship team. He heads the Paceteq company, which supplies it with data collection and analysis systems.

“People now say that three years at Williams taught George how to get the most out of situations where the car isn’t good enough,” explained Bodo. – And this is a very useful skill in the current position.

In general, when you’re in third, fourth or fifth place in a race, as Russell almost always does, it’s a lot easier. There are rarely tense battles with rivals, so you can slightly lift your foot off the gas.

Lewis [in Imola] lost three seconds during the pit stop and ended up in a group of three or four opponents. He could not move forward, because the machine did not provide the necessary superiority.

The specialist added that Lewis hadn’t lost his motivation at all. But now Lewis spends time on it all the time.”

Ex-F1 driver Timo Glock expressed a similar position: “Lewis lacks confidence in the car, Russell is now better able to cope with it. Although both say that the management of Mercedes is very difficult.

It’s primarily about the lack of speed on the straights and overall efficiency.