South godwin head start: South Godwin – Head Start for Kent County
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Head Start for Kent County is a non-profit agency that provides holistic, family-centered services at no cost to qualifying families in Kent County, Michigan. Founded in 1991 under the name Michigan Family Resources, the agency receives federal funds to manage both Head Start and Early Head Start programs. These early childhood programs support the well-being and development of children from birth to age five by focusing on education, nutrition, medical and dental care, parent involvement and social services.
About Head Start for Kent County
Who we are, what we do and why we do it…
We believe in a holistic approach to Education.
We partner with parents to help ensure their children’s basic needs are met so they have the freedom to learn, interact with peers and grow intellectually.
Learn More
Our
programs
About our program offerings…
Explore our early childhood development programs.
From our Home Visiting and Infant/Toddler Classrooms, to full and half-day Preschool classrooms, we offer programs to prepare you and your child for their future.
Learn More
for
parents
Tips and tools to help your child grow smarter…
As a parent, you are your child’s first, best teacher.
The SUCCESS BASICS video, tips, and tools offer fun, easy, and powerful ways to help your child grow smarter.
Learn More
Why
Choose Us?
The backbone of any program is only as good as the quality of the personnel. Head Start only hires qualified degreed professionals, who also have extensive experience in child development. Head Start expects the staff to grow as well as the students, therefore provides many hours of professional development each year.
Why
Choose Us?
STATISTICS
Preschool Funded Enrollments
Infant/Toddler Funded Enrollments
Home Visiting Funded Enrollments
Preschool Classrooms
Infant/Toddler Classrooms
Home Visitors
What Families
are Saying
Since our daughter is a “covid baby”, when visits started being in person, it took awhile for her to “warm up” to the idea of a someone being in the house–but now you would think she’s known our home visitor her entire life!
>>Read the rest!
Cara S.
Our foster children had a stable and inspiring environment to learn. For example, our foster children were able to write their names and count within a few months.
>>Read the rest!
The Groen Family
There were many aspects of the program we have enjoyed. The one-on-one interactions, we felt staff tried to get to know us. Offering new experiences and routines I can now do with my children.
>>Read the rest!
Heather J.
Thank you to our home visitor and the Head Start program.
>>Read the rest!
Kyi Kyi M.
She loved telling her stories about the adventures we went on as a family. Her vocabulary blossomed, she is now using phrases and expressions in her speech. She has learned many songs that she will sporadically start singing. She has gained new manners, and is taking on more responsibilities.
>>Read the rest!
Samantha H.
Head Start was able to help her with communication with others her age as well as adults. She is now able to communicate how she is feeling as well as her needs.
>>Read the rest!
Tasha
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Head Start / Early Head Start
Head Start
Head Start (HS) is a family centered child development program whose mission is to promote school readiness by enhancing the social and cognitive development of children through the provision of educational, health, nutritional, social and other services to enrolled children and families. Children participate in a variety of educational activities that reflect best practices in early education. We strive to create a learning environment that will develop cognitive, social, emotional, and physical skills. We encourage parents to build their skills by becoming involved in our program, doing this helps to increase self-confidence and problem solving skills in both the parents and children.
SCCAP Head Start has been in existence since 1965 and provides service to 267 children ages three to five in 6 locations and classrooms across the county. Head Start provides half-day, full-day, and extended day classes. We are open to all children and families regardless of race, color, national origin, gender, and disability. Although some of SCCAP’s programs are offered in various counties, we facilitate Head Start in Monroe County only.
Early Head Start
Early Head Start (EHS) is a federally funded program that provides and promotes comprehensive early childhood development, supports families, and encourages growth in all members of the family and community. The goals of the program are:
- to promote healthy prenatal outcomes for pregnant women;
- to enhance the development of young children
- to promote healthy family functioning.
SCCAP Early Head Start provides service to 57 children and expectant mothers.
Download the Head Start Brochure: English Español
Download the Early Head Star Brochure: English
Program Supports
Support is offered in the following areas in both programs:
- Individualized services
- Health and Dental Screenings
- Family Support
- Parent Involvement
- Services to meet Special Needs
- Full Nutrition Program
- Community Resources
- Limited transportation (not EHS)
Who is Eligible
We are open to all children and families regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, and disability.
- Head Start Eligibility: Children who are three by August 1 of the current school year and not have turned 5 years old before August 2 and meet federal poverty income guidelines though some exceptions are made.
- Early Head Start Eligibility: Expectant mothers and children up to age 3 and meet federal poverty income guidelines though some exceptions are made.
Enrollment Requirements
- Copy of Birth Certificate
- Immunization Records
- Income documentation for the last 12 months which can include: W2, Tax Return, SSI Documentation, TANF Documentation, Child Support Printout, Work One Wage Inquiry, Pay Stubs, Scholarship/Grants/Student Loan Documentation, Foster Care Statement
If interested or need more information, fill out our online Inquiry Form.
Not finding what you are looking for or have other questions/comments? Contact: Stacey Edwards, Head Start Director, [email protected]
office: 812-339-3447, ext. 332.
All SCCAP services are provided without regard to race, age, color, religion, sex, disability, national origin, ancestry or status as a veteran.
Frequently Asked Questions
How can I enroll my child in Head Start or Early Head Start program?
There are several ways to submit an application for your child to enroll in Head Start. You may call our office to learn more about the application process. If you just want more information, you can complete the inquiry form online and we will reply to your request.
Will I need to complete another application if my child is on the wait list?
No, your child will remain on the waitlist until a vacancy occurs that is appropriate for your child. However, if you have moved, please contact Family Services at (812) 339-3447 ext. 310.
How old does my child have to be to get into Head Start or Early Head Start program?
For our Early Head Start program, a pregnant mother may apply within the first 35 weeks of her pregnancy; children birth to 3 years old are eligible. An infant must be 6 weeks old before attending the Center-Based option for Early Head Start. For Head Start, the child must be 3 years old by August 1 of the current school year and not have turned 5 by August 2 of the same school year.
Does my child have to be potty trained?
No, Head Start does not require children to be potty trained.
What are the income requirements? How do I know if my family qualifies?
Income requirements are set by the federal government and are changed each year. The best way to see if your family qualifies is to contact the family services staff for further information. Contact Family Services at (812) 339-3447, ext. 310
Will my child be able to apply if he/she has a special need?
Yes, we welcome children with special needs.
How can my child qualify for an extended day slot or Early Head Start?
All parents or legal guardians in the household have to be either in school, working or in a vocational program to qualify for an extended day class or Early Head Start.
How much does the program cost?
Head Start/Early Head Start is free of charge. We do charge on a sliding fee scale for the Head Start extended day classes to cover the “extended” portion of the day, similar to before and after school. This cost can be covered with CCDF or CASY funding or self- pay. Early Head Start does not charge a fee.
Can I stay in the classroom with my child?
Yes, parents are always welcome to volunteer at their child’s classroom.
Does my child need a current physical or dental examination to apply?
No, but we do require immunization records to get a child started in a classroom. We will work with you to set up a physical examination and/or dental appointment.
What training do the teachers have?
Teaching staff have a variety of experience and educational backgrounds. Assistant teachers must have at least a Child Development Associate Certificate. Lead teachers must have at an Associate or more advance degree with course work related to Early Childhood Education.
schools by county – Because a hungry child hurts
Allegan County
Hamilton
All | B H L S
There are currently 9 schools in this directory
Bentheim Elementary
Blue Star Elementary
Hamilton Elementary
Hamilton Flex
Hamilton High School
Hamilton Middle School
Hawkeye Preschool
Little Hawks Pre-School
Sandyview Elementary
Hopkins
All | H S
There are currently 4 schools in this directory
Hopkins Elementary
Hopkins High School
Hopkins Middle School
Sycamore Elementary
Wayland
All | B D P S W
There are currently 6 schools in this directory
Baker Elementary
Dorr Elementary
Pine Street Elementary
Steeby Elementary
Wayland High School
Wayland Middle School
Bloomingdale
All | P
There is currently 1 School in this directory
Pullman Elementary
Barry County
Hastings
All | C G H N S
There are currently 7 schools in this directory
Central Elementary
Great Start Readiness Preschool
Hastings High School
Hastings Middle School
Northeastern Elementary
Southeastern Elementary
Star Elementary
Thornapple Kellogg
All | L M P T
There are currently 5 schools in this directory
Lee Elementary
McFall Elementary
Page Elementary
Thornapple Kellogg High School
Thornapple Kellogg Middle School
Kent County
Byron Center
All | B C E M R
There are currently 8 schools in this directory
Brown Elementary
Byron Center Charter
Byron Center High School
Byron Center West Middle School
Countryside Elementary
Early Childhood Center
Marshall Elementary
Robert L. Nickels Intermediate
Caledonia
All | C D E K P
There are currently 9 schools in this directory
Caledonia Elementary
Caledonia High School
Duncan Lake Early Childhood Center
Duncan Lake Middle School
Dutton Elementary
Emmons Lake Elementary
Kettle Lake Elementary
Kraft Meadows Middle School
Paris Ridge Elementary
Cedar Springs
All | B C R
There are currently 7 schools in this directory
Beach Elementary
Cedar Springs High
Cedar Springs Middle School
Cedar Trails Elementary
Cedar View Elementary
Creative Technologies Academy
Red Hawk Elementary
Comstock Park
All | C M P S
There are currently 4 schools in this directory
Comstock Park High School
Mill Creek Middle School
Pine Island Elementary
Stoney Creek Elementary
Godfrey Lee
All | G
There are currently 2 schools in this directory
Godfrey Lee Upper Elementary
Godfrey-Lee Early Childhood Center
Godwin Heights
All | G N W
There are currently 6 schools in this directory
Godwin Heights Early Childhood Center
Godwin Heights High School
Godwin Heights Learning Center
Godwin Heights Middle
North Godwin Elementary School
West Godwin Elementary
Grand Rapids
All | C H K M R W
There are currently 6 schools in this directory
Campus Elementary
Hope Academy
Ken-O-Sha Park Elementary
Mulick Park Elemenary
Riverside Middle School
West Michigan Aviation Academy
Grandville
All | C E G S
There are currently 10 schools in this directory
Calvin High School (Christian)
Calvin Middle School (Christian)
East Elementary
Grand View Elementary
Grandville Christian Elementary
Grandville High School
Grandville Middle School
Grandville West Elementary
Great Start Preschool
South Elementary – Grandville
Kelloggsville
All | K
There is currently 1 school in this directory
Kellogsville Early Childhood Center
Kenowa Hills
All | W
There are currently 1 names in this directory
Walker Charter Academy
Kent City
All | K
There are currently 3 schools in this directory
Kent City Elementary
Kent City High School
Kent City Middle School
Kentwood
All | B C D E G H M P S T V
There are currently 15 schools in this directory
Bowen Elementary
Brookwood Elementary
Challenger Elementary
Crestwood Middle School
Discovery Elementary
Endeavor Elementary
Excel Charter Academy
Explorer Elementary
Glenwood Elementary
Hamilton Early Childhood Center
Meadowlawn Elementary
Pinewood Middle School
Southwood Elementary
Townline Elementary
Valleywood Middle School
Northview
All | C E H N W
There are currently 7 schools in this directory
Crossroads Middle School
East Oakview Elementary
Highlands Middle School
North Oakview Elementary
Northview Alternative High School
Northview High School
West Oakview Elementary
Rockford
All | B C E L M N P R V
There are currently 13 schools in this directory
Belmont Elementary
Cannonsburg Elementary
Crestwood Elementary
East Rockford Middle School
Lakes Elementary
Meadow Ridge Elementary
North Rockford Middle School
Parkside Elementary
River Valley Academy (ALT. H.S.)
Rockford Freshman Center
Rockford High School
Roguewood Elementary
Valley View Elementary
Sparta
All | A R S
There are currently 5 schools in this directory
Appleview Elementary
Ridgeview Elementary
Sparta Early Childhood Center
Sparta High School
Sparta Middle School
Wyoming
All | A G H L O P R V W
There are currently 15 schools in this directory
Anchor Point Christian School
Gladiola Elementary
Great Start Readiness Preschool
Huntington Woods Head Start
Learning Center – Wyoming Jr. High
Oriole Park Elementary
Parkview Elementary
Rogers Lane Elementary Preschool
VanGuard Charter School
West Elementary
West Michigan Lutheran High School (Christian)
Wyoming High School
Wyoming Intermediate
Wyoming Jr. High
Wyoming Regional Center
Mason County
Mason County Central
All | M
There are currently 5 schools in this directory
Mason County Central – Scottville Elementary
Mason County Central – Middle School
Mason County Central – Upper Level
Mason County Central High School
Mason County Eastern Elementary
Muskegon County
Holton
All | H
There are currently 3 schools in this directory
Holton Early Childhood Center
Holton Elementary
Holton Middle & High School
Mona Shores
All | C L M R
There are currently 5 schools in this directory
Campbell Elementary School
Churchill Elementary
Lincoln Park Elementary
Mona Shores Middle School
Ross Park Elementary
Muskegon
All | B
There is currently 1 School in this directory
Bunker Elementary
Muskegon Heights
All | E
There is currently 1 school in this directory
Edgewood Elementary Academy
Muskegon ISD
All | L
There is currently 1 school in this directory
Lakeshore Learning Center
Oakridge
All | O
There are currently 5 schools in this directory
Oakridge Early Childhood Center
Oakridge High School
Oakridge Lower Elementary
Oakridge Middle School
Oakridge Upper Elementary
Reeths-Puffer
All | C R T
There are currently 3 schools in this directory
Central Elementary
Reeths-Puffer Elementary
Twin Lake Elementary
Newaygo County
Fremont
All | D F P Q
There are currently 5 schools in this directory
Daisy Brook Elementary
Fremont High School
Fremont Middle School
Pathfinder
Quest Alternative Education
Ottawa County
Allendale
All | A E O
There are currently 5 schools in this directory
Allendale Early Childhood
Allendale High School – New Options HS
Allendale Middle School
Evergreen/Springview Elementary
Oakwood Intermediate
Coopersville
All | C
There are currently 5 schools in this directory
Coopersville East Elementary
Coopersville High School
Coopersville Middle School
Coopersville South Elementary
Coopersville West Early Childhood Center
Grand Haven
All | G L M W
There are currently 4 schools in this directory
Grand Haven High School
Lakeshore Middle School
Mary A. White Elementary
West Michigan Academy of Arts & Academics
Holland
All | B D E H J L R V
There are currently 15 schools in this directory
Black River Elementary
Black River Middle & High School
Dragonflies Discovery Preschool
Early College – Holland High
Escape Ministries
Holland Heights
Holland High School
Holland Language Academy
Holland Middle
Holland West Elementary
Jefferson Elementary
Longfellow Head Start
Rose Park Head Start
Vanderbilt
VR Tech
Hudsonville
All | A B F G H J P R S
There are currently 12 schools in this directory
Alward Elementary
Baldwin Street Middle School
Bauer Elementary
Forest Grove Elementary
Georgetown Elementary
Hudsonville Early Childhood Center
Hudsonville High School
Jamestown Lower Elementary
Jamestown Upper Elementary
Park Elementary
Riley Street Middle School
South Elementary
Jenison
All | B J P R S
There are currently 11 schools in this directory
Bauerwood Elementary
Bursley Elementary
Jenison Christian School
Jenison Early Childhood Center
Jenison High School
Jenison International Academy
Jenison Junior High School
Jenison Spanish Emersion
Pinewood Elementary
Rosewood Elementary
Sandy Hill Elementary
Spring Lake
All | J S W
There are currently 4 schools in this directory
Jeffers Elementary
Spring Lake Alternative Ed
Spring Lake Intermediate
Walden Green Montessori
West Ottawa
All | E G H J L M N P S T W
There are currently 13 schools in this directory
Eagle Crest Charter Academy
Great Lakes Elementary
Harbor Lights Middle School
Juvenile Justice Institute
Lakewood Elementary
Macatawa Bay Middle School
North Holland Elementary
Pine Creek Elementary
Sheldon Woods Elementary
South Olive Christian
The Dunes Alternative High School
Waukazoo Elementary
Woodside Elementary
Zeeland
All | A C E I L N P Q R W Z
There are currently 15 schools in this directory
Adams Elementary
Cityside Middle School
Creekside Middle School
Early Childhood Center – Zeeland
iCademy
Innocademy
Lincoln Elementary
New Groningen Elementary
Preacademy
Quincy Elementary
Roosevelt Elementary
Woodbridge Elementary
Zeeland East High School
Zeeland West High School
ZQuest
Van Buren County
Bloomingdale
All | B P
There are currently 3 schools in this directory
Bloomingdale Elementary
Bloomingdale High School
Bloomingdale Middle School
Friday | Godwin Primary School
Fun in the sun
Friday 10th July 2020
It’s Friday everyone!
Today for your maths session, we want you to continue to practise your number bonds. Click on the following link and play the games for making 100. Once you are on the page you need to press the ‘Number bonds’ button to access a list of the games.
https://www.topmarks.co.uk/maths-games/hit-the-button
The final story from around the world for this week is by Eileen Browne and is called ‘Handa’s Hen’. It is set in south-west Kenya which is in Africa. Can you locate Kenya on the world map?
Continue to practise the Key Stage 1 common exception words. It is really important to you can read as many of these words as possible. These are tricky red words so be careful! With an adult, how many can you read in one minute? Maybe you could race against an adult!
With an adult, choose 6 spellings from the list. Practise writing them during the following week. Can you notice any patterns or tricks to help you remember? An adult can quiz you on them next Friday. How many will you get right?
If you can read and write all of your Year 1 and 2 words, get a head start by practising the Year 3 spellings.
Have a go at making your own boat using origami! This task is all about helping you to learn how to fold paper so watch the video carefully and pay attention to how the person in the video folds the paper neatly.
Have a great day and a restful weekend!
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Stories from around the world
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Common Exception Words Years 1 and 2
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Year 3 and 4 Spellings
Find your brave
Friday 3rd July 2020
Happy Friday everyone! We hope you have had a great week at home.
So far this week, you have been learning about different sentence types and the features of recounts. Today you will be using this learning to have a go at writing your own recount. Follow the link to access the session.
https://classroom.thenational.academy/lessons/to-write-a-recount
Today for your maths session, we want you to learn about your number bonds to 100. These are pairs of numbers that are in love because they have a total of 100. Click on the following link to learn more about them. If you want you can have a go at completing the activities that are linked to the session.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/znmpf4j
Later, sit with an adult and watch Mr Seaman read to you. Click this link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U_RoNDGygGI&t=141s
Afterwards, choose a book yourself from home or, with an adult, download a text from the internet. Sit together and practise reading it with expression.
Continue to practise the key stage 1 common exception words. It is really important to you can read as many of these words as possible. These are tricky red words so be careful! With an adult, how many can you read in one minute? Maybe you could race against an adult!
Afterwards, with an adult, choose 6 spellings from the list. Practise writing them during the following week. Can you notice any patterns or tricks to help you remember? An adult can quiz you on them next Friday. How many will you get right?
If you can read and write all of your key stage 1 words, get a head start looking at the Year 3 ones.
Well done for all of the learning that you have done this week at home and in school. Have a brilliant weekend!
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Key Stage 1 Common Exception Words
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Year 3 and 4 Words
Superheroes
Friday 26th June 2020
Good morning, everyone!
Well done for another fantastic week of learning at home.
Today you will write the setting description using all of the learning from the English sessions this week. Follow the link to access the session.
https://classroom. thenational.academy/lessons/to-write-a-setting-description/activities/1
For maths, we would like you to move on to understanding the link between one half and two quarters. The worksheet you need is below. Remember you can either print it or copy it by hand. Once you have clicked on link, you need ‘Week 2 – Lesson 5 – Equivalence of a half and 2 quarters’.
https://whiterosemaths.com/homelearning/year-2/
Log on to Purple Mash to complete your reading and comprehension task.
Later, make yourself comfortable, ready to watch Mrs Peita-Read read ‘Centipede’s 100 Shoes’. Follow the link to watch the video.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSoiUtifvCc&feature=youtu.be
Continue with practising reading and spelling the year 1 and 2 words. Look for patterns and tricks that will help you remember how to spell them. Move on to the year 3 and 4 words if you can read and spell all of the year 2 words.
This week we would like you to practise fastening zips on clothes to help you with becoming independent. Watch the video and then practise on different items of clothing that have zips on them, such as a jacket. It might be easy to practise fastening the zip without wearing the jacket before you try to do this with it on.
Have a wonderful weekend and enjoy!
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Friday Maths: Equivalence of a half and 2 quarters (worksheet)
Rainbows
Friday 19th June 2020
Happy Friday, everyone! We hope you have had an enjoyable week learning at home and in school.
Today for English, you will be learning about expanded noun phrases. Click on the link to watch the lesson and remember to have a pencil and some paper ready before you begin.
Maths moves on today to recognising a quarter. You will need to access the correct lesson by scrolling down to ‘Week 1 – Lesson 4 – Recognise a quarter’ once you are on the White Rose Maths website. The worksheet that you will need can be printed or copied. Have it ready before you start.
Here is the link: https://whiterosemaths.com/homelearning/year-2/
Log on to Purple Mash to complete your reading and comprehension task.
Now, take some time out to make yourself comfortable and listen to Mr Wade read his favourite story. Click on the link to watch the video.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=24MHv3x0x4g&t=3s
Can you choose a book and read like Mr Wade? Remember you can choose a book from home or download one from the internet.
Below (from last week) you will find the Common Exception words for Key Stage 1. Continue with practising reading and spelling these. Look for patterns and tricks that will help you remember how to spell them. Move on to the year 3 words if you can read and spell all of the Key Stage 1 words.
It is really important that you become as independent as possible. Being independent means that you can do things for yourself without needing an adult. It is an important part of growing up, so we would like you to watch the video and then practice tying the laces on a pair of shoes (if you can’t already tie your laces). To begin with practise on a pair without wearing them. When you feel like you know how to tie the laces, practise tying them whilst you are wearing your shoes.
Enjoy and have a restful weekend. See you next week for another week of fun learning.
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Friday Maths: Recognise a quarter (worksheet)
12.6.20
Hi everyone! Welcome to the last day of the week. What a lovely week it has been!
The English lesson for today is about adverbs of time and adverbs of manner. You will be copying a written passage so remember to have your pencil and paper ready.
For maths, we would like you to continue to work on using the symbols for ‘more than’ and ‘less than’. You will be learning how these symbols can be used to compare two number sentences.
Next, we would like you to look at the Year 1 and 2 common exception words. It is really important that you are able to read as many of the words as possible. These are tricky red words which means you can’t use your sounds to spell them! With an adult, how many can you read in one minute? Maybe you could race against an adult!
Afterwards, with an adult, choose 6 spellings from the list. Practise writing them during the following week. Can you notice any patterns or tricks to help you remember? An adult can quiz you on them next Friday. How many will you get right?
If you can read and write all of your Year 1 and 2 words, get a head start looking at the Year 3 ones.
Later, sit with an adult and watch Mr Newbert read to you. Click this link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9MV-wdyGCJk&feature=youtu.be
Afterwards, choose a book yourself from home or, with an adult, download a text from the internet. Sit together and practise reading it with expression like Mr Newbert did. There is also a reading activity on Purple Mash to complete, if you want to do that instead.
Enjoy your day and have a great weekend!
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Friday Maths: Comparing number sentences < >
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Common Exception Words Years 1 and 2
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Year 3 and 4 Spellings
Secondary | HeadStart International School
Our Academic Staff members are at the very heart of our School. It is their enthusiasm and commitment in providing learning to our students that inspires our high standards and continued success.
HeadStart’s over 90 specialist teachers have British, Australian, US or similar internationally recognised qualifications which include Bachelor and Master Degrees and Doctorates. They bring with them a wealth of current experience from their home countries and from other international schools.
The dedication and commitment of our Operational Staff in supporting the day-to-day running of HeadStart ensures that our students receive the very best in learning and extra-curricular activities.
‘Throughout the school, teachers’ subject knowledge and understanding of how students learn are strong. Relationships between students and teachers are positive. The ratio of qualified teachers to students, especially in the early years and lower primary classes, is high. ‘Deputy’ teachers, who are fully qualified teachers in their home countries, support class teachers. Due to their expertise, they make a significant difference to the rates of progress that students make. Teachers know students well and assess them accurately. This enables teachers to plan work that matches the ability of individual students and caters well for their varying needs.’ Education Development Trust (EDT) Accreditation Report, June 2017
David Pollicutt
Head of English
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is David and I joined HeadStart International School in 2018. I am from the UK and grew up in the large port city of Bristol. I studied English Literature at the University of East Anglia, and trained to teach at The Institute of Education in The University of London. I taught in East London for four years, before moving to teach for eight years as Head of English in Viet Nam and China.
I am a firm believer in developing students to be natural enquirers, following the Sir Ken Robinson model of best preparing students to use transferable skills for the shifting landscapes of their futures. I seek to encourage an epistemological approach in my lessons, urging students to evaluate the efficacy of the information they consume and the validity of interpretations. I am passionate about literature and will often be chortling at David Lodge’s tragicomedy or swooning at Ian Mcewan’s literary sleight of hand.
Outside of the classroom I am a keen student of Philosophy, Politics and Film. I am a particular fan of the intellect and charisma exuded by Jordan Peterson, Sam Harris and the late and much missed Christopher Hitchens. I have a terminal case of devotion to Tottenham Hostpsur Football Club; it teaches me patience and humility.
Ashley Paice
Year 9 Coordinator and English Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Ashley and I joined HeadStart International School in 2018. I studied English Language & Linguistics at The University of Manchester and completed my teacher training course at Edge Hill University in Liverpool shortly after. I teach English Language and Literature at HeadStart, and I am also the Coordinator for Year 9.
As an English teacher, I always try to make English an exciting journey for all of my students. Competent reading and writing skills are so essential – with a strong foundation, doors can be instantly opened to the many wonders the world has to offer. I also love that I get to play such an instrumental part in shaping the pastoral care at HeadStart International School. Of course, it goes without saying – for students to thrive academically, they have to be happy and healthy. For me, teaching is all about those eureka moments – when a student suddenly ‘gets it’, and the jigsaw puzzle finally slots together – seeing my students brimming with pride and happiness is always a fantastic feeling. As for teaching itself, there is something undeniably magical about it; I really couldn’t imagine myself doing anything else. Knowing that I get to shape the lives of so many young people every year makes me feel incredibly lucky. High School can be a tough five years for a whole host of reasons, and being able to help students navigate their way to the end – there’s really no better feeling! Outside of the classroom, I try to live quite an active life. I enjoy working out (although I often have to force myself!) However, my biggest passion in life is running; I feel so grateful to be living on such a beautiful island – and what’s better than exploring Phuket by going on a nice long run?
I am excited to be starting my fifth year here at HeadStart International School. It’s been truly wonderful seeing the school develop, and I feel blessed to be a part of such an amazing community.
Kelly Tuppen
Key Stage 5 Coordinator & English Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
Hello everyone and welcome to my classroom! My name is Kelly Tuppen and I am a Secondary English Teacher, as well as the Homeroom Teacher for Year 10 White. I joined HeadStart in 2020. I have a First Class Honours BA in English Literature and a Postgraduate Certificate of Education for Secondary English from the Institute of Education UCL. Prior to moving to Phuket, I taught KS3 and IGCSE English Language, Literature and some Drama for 4 years at international schools in Yangon, Myanmar, a place very dear to my heart. I have also more recently taught for the rural Canadian school system in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada: ask me about my grizzly bear stories!
As an internationally-minded teacher, I take pride in cultivating a plurality of perspectives in my English classroom. I inspire my students to learn how to think, nurturing analytical skills, cultural understanding, open-mindedness and tolerance. Along with developing reading and writing proficiency, I encourage my students to be creative – we might roleplay, hold debates, put a character from a novel on trial and even try to sketch poetic imagery to help us visualise it. Developing independence and confidence in my pupils’ communication abilities is central to my role as an English teacher. I also encourage students to see mistakes as opportunities to improve, and never to give up! As an English teacher, I especially love poetry and puns, so you may see some around the classroom.
I am very much looking forward to the coming academic year, and feel privileged to explore the magic of the English language with my students and help them to progress. If there is anything you wish to talk to me about, please come to see me. Best of luck to everyone this year.
Thomas O’Brien
English Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Tom. I am from London where I qualified as a teacher at the Institute of Education, having previously attended the University of Birmingham. I have taught both English and History at a number of schools in and around London.
Since 2006 I have worked in International education, enjoying 9 years in Bangkok in two schools as Heads of History and English respectively. Leaving Thailand in 2015, I worked in Nepal and China and was grateful to have experienced teaching in both cultures. I am very happy to return to both teach and live in a country I regard as my second home, if not first.
I love the creativity which English allows in both teaching and learning. I very much enjoy being part of the learning journey and seeing students develop in confidence in the acquisition of language and literature skills, allowing them to become effective communicators. I am passionate about the insight which literature affords us into the human condition and societies both past and present.
I have been an avid reader of psychology and philosophy, both of which have helped me come to terms with a lifelong passion for Queens Park Rangers.
Lauren Davidson
EAL Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
Hello, Sawadee Ka, and Kia Ora!
I was raised in the Bay of Plenty which can be found on the North Island of New Zealand.
I studied Psychology and Philosophy at the University of Otago in Dunedin; a town that recently regained its record for having the steepest street in the world!
I began my career as a teacher in Prague in 2015. I worked as an ESL teacher for adults who wished to develop their English language abilities. I soon realised I had a passion for teaching, so I also started work in an English language school for students aged four upwards. I enjoyed the working with children immensely, which inspired me to continue my professional development and I completed my International Post Graduate Certificate in Education in 2019.
I have been teaching in Phuket since 2018 and I began working at HeadStart in 2019.
Ever since my first day, I have been amazed by the dedication and professionalism of my colleagues. I have also loved getting to know the students, parents, and the wider HeadStart community.
During lessons I strive for all children in my class to make outstanding progress in all facets of their education. It is a real joy to see their development over the year.
I believe that children are capable of so much, and it is our duty as parents and educators to ensure that we provide the support necessary to help them reach their potential.
If you ever have any questions then please feel free to contact me to discuss them. I am happy to take the time to ensure that we are working together to inspire a love of learning!
Robert Gratton
Head of Humanities
Secondary
[email protected]
“The teacher is of course an artist, but being an artist does not mean that he or she can make the profile, can shape the students. What the educator does in teaching is to make it possible for the students to become themselves.” – Paulo Freire
I am so happy to finally be here at HeadStart as a teacher of History and Head of the Humanities Faculty. The move to Phuket, along with my wife and two children (also at HeadStart), is a realisation of a long standing desire to work internationally and to work in a school with a strong family orientation.
I am an experienced educationalist with over two decades working as a teacher, school leader, teacher trainer and researcher with the UCL Institute of Education. A History graduate, with PGCE in Secondary Education, a Masters in Guiding Effective Learning, and with a decade spent investigating the nature of Collaboration, I have been fortunate to work across numerous innovative and forward thinking projects within education internationally. This has included leading Curriculum development within Sweden, establishing new schools such as the UCL Academy and co-founding a centre for education in the outdoors focusing on wellbeing, creativity and sustainability in Wales.
I am an advocate for the human centred approach to individual, societal and global sustainable practice. My passion for the Humanities is derived from a belief that we can utilise an education through the Humanities subjects to empower learners to become critical, compassionate and collaborative global citizens. To become life-long, life-wide learners and to become better prepared for an unknown future. To HeadStart I bring this commitment, this drive and this ambition to use the Humanities to transform the lives of each and every learner.
“Sometimes, you have to step outside of the person you’ve been and remember the person you were meant to be. The person you want to be. The person you are.” – H.G. Wells
Dale Benham
Key Stage 4 Coordinator & Geography Teacher
Secondary
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My name is Dale this is my Fourth year at Headstart International School I started working at HeadStart in 2019.
I am from the United Kingdom and grew up in East Anglia in a small market town called St Ives in Cambridgeshire. I studied at the University of Glamorgan, now the University of South Wales, gaining a degree in Physical Geography. I completed my teacher training at the University of East Anglia in Norwich in 2009, earning a PGCE in Geography. I taught in Colchester which is located in the county of Essex. During this time I taught a wide range of children from varying backgrounds and ethnicities in a multicultural school. 6 of these years at this school were spent as a Head of Year to Years 8 to 11.
I am passionate about Geography as a subject; I was inspired by my Geography teacher at school which led me on the path to become a teacher. I am enthusiastic and a great believer in providing exciting and interesting lessons to all of the students that I teach. I want them to become independent thinkers, gaining knowledge by learning through their mistakes and making marginal gains in everything they do. I am dedicated to creating a safe, fun and challenging learning environment where the students are at the center of a positive learning experience.
Outside of the classroom I enjoy listening to an eclectic variety of music and watching sport (football and rugby in particular.) I am looking forward to another positive year for our school and most importantly our students who are a pleasure to teach.
Mani Rasheed
Humanities Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
Nice to meet you all, I’m going to be your new Geography and history teacher and I’m really looking forward to teaching you all. I am from England where I began teaching in Manchester and I am completely new to Thailand. I decided to move here because I love adventure and meeting new people. I am passionate about teaching and think that it is such an important job and I am planning to put my all into this to make sure you all have a really good, helpful, knowledgeable and empathetic teacher for as long as I’m here.
Other than my job, I am also passionate about football too, I love playing, watching and talking about it. I have always been an Arsenal fan but please do not mention this if Arsenal lose on the weekend! My favourite football players are always creative midfielders like Zidane, Ozil and De Bruyne and this is what type of player I (like to think) am when I play football.
I also love playing video games too, especially my playstation 5! My favourite games include FIFA, CoD and Gran Turismo at the moment. I also enjoy watching films and tv shows including anime and some of my favourite animes are Hunter x Hunter, Death Note and Attack on Titan to name a few.
Simon Downes
Business Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
Hi and Sawadee kap! I’m Simon Downes from the UK. Over the years, I’ve collected a mix of qualifications, including a Degree in Business & Linguistics, a Postgraduate Degree in Education and a Master’s Degree in Education.
After teaching English and business in the UK, I moved to Thailand to teach in Chiang Mai, in 2014. I’m excited to continue my Thai journey in Phuket.
As a teacher, I focus on creating a friendly, positive class atmosphere. This can encourage learners to take risks, and even make a few mistakes, which accelerates learning. I also find the yearly teaching cycle allows me to evolve my teaching; steadily incorporating fresh resources and technologies.
Business ideas are core features of our HeadStart class experience. I like to bring our studies ‘to life’ by encouraging students to consider how they personally experience and interact with business ideas in their own lives.
I’m more of a generalist than a specialist so I have a wide range of interests, including arts, sciences, economics, philosophy, psychology; the list is very long. I’m very curious so I’m hoping to learn about what interests you and how I can best support your learning.
So, I’m looking forward to fresh adventures at HeadStart School. Thailand has taught me many things, particularly about the power of a smile, and confirmed that ‘It’s never too late to have a happy childhood’.
Yardenna Jones
BTEC Coordinator
Secondary
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My name is Yardenna Jones and I joined HeadStart in 2019. I am from the UK and I grew up in South Wales. I have a BA Honours degree in Journalism which I studied at Southampton Solent University. After university I assisted in the set-up of a small business, a fashion retailer in Bournemouth.
I also continued with my love of journalism and travel by becoming an assistant editor of a travel & lifestyle magazine. Educating others and working with young people had always been a passion of mine, and I was keen to further my lifelong learning as I believe this is important continue with personal growth and development. With this in mind I moved to London and studied a DTLLS (Diploma to Teach in the Lifelong Learning Sector) with Business and Travel & Tourism being my subject specialisms because of my industry experience.
In the UK I was working at Brooklands College in Surrey and Westminster Kingsway College in London. I have now been teaching these subjects with awarding bodies BTEC, OCR City & Guilds and NCFE for 8 years and I am very experienced with the 14-19 age group. I love working with these ages- it’s such an exciting and significant time for students. I’m very passionate about creating a positive learning environment and want to inspire my students to be independent and motivated during this crucial time of becoming a young adult. I am so excited to be continuing with the delivery and coordination of the BTEC programmes at HeadStart. For a learner It can be such a valuable experience and enjoyable way of achieving a qualification. Watching a student grow and learn an array of transferable and employability skills in a holistic environment is a wonderful experience for all involved.
Outside of the classroom I practice mindfulness, enjoy hiking around Phuket and I am passionate about spreading the importance of sustainable living. I have travelled much of South East Asia and look forward to more adventures this year as travel is a great passion of mine!
Samuel Kasim
BTEC Travel & Tourism
Secondary
[email protected]
Hello! Thank you for your interest in Travel & Tourism and Headstart! I am Mr. Kasim; from London, England.
Since I was young I have dreamed to travel the world and learn about new cultures. These interests naturally pulled me toward tourism and I would study BTEC Travel & Tourism at a local college like many of the students here. I then gained my BA in Tourism Management at St Marys University and my MA in Anthropology of Travel, Tourism & Pilgrimage at SOAS University. I spent many years working within the events and hospitality industry as an Event Steward, working at many popular entertainment venues and famous events including concerts, festivals, sporting competitions, special celebrations and cultural events.
I have travelled the world for education and leisure, to many destinations including the Caribbean, East Asia, Europe, the Middle East and beyond. As the travel bug caught me, I found myself drawn to teaching. I started my career at an American School in Taiwan, teaching Social Studies and English.
My enjoyment here encouraged me to make this my career and I chose to develop myself to become the best teacher I could. I returned to the UK and after working as a teaching assistant with a supplementary learning provider, I would gain my PGCE at UCL: Institute of Education. I then gained my QTLS certification and worked in London at a Sixth Form College as a Travel & Tourism teacher for a few years.
Paul Goodwin
Business & Economics Teacher
Secondary
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Sarah Gratton
University Counsellor & Psychology Teacher
Secondary
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My name is Sarah and I am new to Headstart International School in 2022.
I am from the UK and grew up in West Sussex, England. I studied Psychology at the University of Westminster, then went on to train to teach Psychology at the Institute of Education. For over 11 years I worked in an Inner London school and Sixth Form teaching Psychology and Health and Social Care. I worked as both Head of Department and Head of Faculty within the school and completed my MSc in the Psychology of Education as well as my NPQSL. In 2019, a desire for a change of pace and the opportunity to travel saw me and my young family relocate back to Sussex and spend some time travelling in South East Asia and Australia. Most recently, I worked as a Wellbeing Lead to support Sixth Form students’ mental health and wellbeing through the Covid pandemic.
I am an advocate of holistic education and love teaching Psychology. I am so excited to join Headstart as a Psychology teacher and University Counsellor, supporting students as they prepare for the next chapter of their lives.
I am a qualified yoga and youth yoga teacher and outside of school I enjoy yoga, swimming, and going to the beach! I love travelling and have spent many school holidays in South East Asia. I am very excited to have the opportunity to live and work in Phuket with my husband and two children, and to explore the island and its surrounding countries.
Daniel Portelli
Head of Maths & Computing
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Daniel Portelli and I joined Headstart in January 2021. I am from Kent in the UK and moved to Thailand with my wife in June 2019.
After my BSc at the University of Kent, I went to work for the UK government on engineering projects, then afterwards did a PhD in mathematics – more specifically mathematical modelling which is basically developing new mathematics to create virtual environments that are representative of real-life as possible. Why? To put simply, every time to drop your phone and it doesn’t break, this is due to mathematical modelling. Rather than building 1000s upon 1000s of phones to test under thousands and thousands of different conditions which would cost so much time and money, it is cheaper and more efficient to simulate these tests on a computer. To do this, however, you need to create a reality that is almost as real as real life, which is extremely challenging, both mathematically and computationally and requires the combination of knowledge and skills of mathematics, physics, computing and engineering.
It was during this time I had a conversation with a friend of mine who asked me why in schools did they not teach us the more fascinating, challenging and interesting aspects of mathematics. Why did we have to wait until university to get those rewards. I decided then and there that I would bring this to schools and the best way to do this was to become a teacher. I obtained a Mathematics Teacher Training Scholarship from the Institute of Mathematics and did my teacher training PGCSE at Imperial College.
After this, I taught GCSE and A-Level for several years at an international school in the UK, then moved to Bangkok as a Head of Department for another few years, before I joined Headstart as Head of Mathematics and Computing.
I am very happy to be at Headstart and believe the school and the students to have huge potential. I see my role as helping all students of mathematics achieve not only the best they can academically but to fall in love with mathematics. Hopefully, even just by reading my profile, you have gained a bit of new insight into the nature of mathematics.
In my free time, I like to go on walks, read, write, cook and spend time with my family – including my blind cat Beep-Boop. I am also a qualified public speaker from Toastmaster International.
Letitia Bekker
Maths Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Letitia and I am from South Africa. I completed my degree in BSc Chemistry and PGCE at the University of Pretoria in South Africa.
I have a passion for young people and through teaching I want to make a difference in students’ lives. I firmly believe in student oriented education where learners must be fully involved in their education and I am willing to go the extra mile for each learner.
My teaching experience in South Africa included working at IMPAK as a part-time teacher while completing my studies after which I moved, as a full time teacher to Hoërskool Warmbad which is a parallel medium High school teaching Mathematics and Physical Science.
Besides teaching I love to travel, scuba dive and to camp. In 2015 my husband and I decided to move to Thailand where I taught Science at an English programme school in Rayong and in January 2016 I joined the Mathematics team at HeadStart International School.
I am looking forward to continue working with staff and students from around the world and cannot wait to see what the new academic year holds.
Linh Nguyen
Maths Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
Howdy, my name is Linh Nguyen (pronounced “Lynn Win”) and I am a Secondary Maths Teacher, as well as the Homeroom Teacher for Year 8 Yellow. I joined HeadStart last year in 2021 and am excited for this year ahead.
This upcoming academic year will be my 9th year of teaching Secondary Maths (4 years in Texas and 5 years in Phuket). I graduated from the University of Texas at Arlington with a Bachelor’s Degree in Mathematics and Education.
I believe my upbringing, values and experiences as a Vietnamese American have carried over into my career as an educator and widened my perspective of teaching and how I connect with my diverse group of students. With a devoted outlook towards lessons, I hope to instill work ethics and the value of compassion and community. I challenge them to be independent learners, who are resilient and will accept and learn from their mistakes, but also to be cooperative learners, who are not afraid to ask for help and work through the problem together. My door is always open if you need anything.
I am looking forward to the next academic year, seeing familiar faces and getting to know the new students at HeadStart. And I can’t wait to see what this year holds for us! Let’s make this year a memorable one, y’all!
Sara Wilson
Maths & Psychology Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
Greetings! I have been a member of the HeadStart teaching staff since August 2019. I am from New Brunswick on the East Coast of Canada. I attended two universities in the Atlantic Provinces before fulfilling my dream of becoming a teacher. At Mount Allison University, I obtained my Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology and Mathematics in 2010. I then obtained my Bachelor of Education degree at St Francis Xavier University in 2012.
Thrilled to travel and to gain international teaching experience, I accepted a secondary mathematics teaching position in Colchester, UK in 2012. I enjoyed seven years of teaching a wide range of children from varying backgrounds and ethnicities in a multicultural secondary school. My passion for mathematics and learning brought me into teaching, but getting to work with brilliant young minds and personalities is what reenergizes me every year.
I aim to cultivate real enthusiasm and appreciation of mathematics with my students through dynamic and methodical teaching practice. I hope to encourage a cooperative and supportive learning culture in my classroom, where we learn from mistakes and actively engage our minds in every facet of the subject. In addition to our learning, it is a joy to see students having opportunities at HeadStart to become more well-rounded individuals through clubs and activities. In 2021, I introduced the A Level Psychology course to HeadStart students, which I have enjoyed teaching alongside IGCSE and A-Level Mathematics.
Outside of the classroom I spend as much time as possible exploring, travelling and embracing new experiences. I have a particular fondness for water sports and spend much of my free time in the water. I also try to balance my love of food with my love of health and wellbeing, so when I am not eating, I am trying to keep active.
Ross Armstrong
ICT and Computing Coordinator
Secondary
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My name is Ross I began working for HeadStart International School in August 2018, as well as being a teacher I am also the school’s computing coordinator. Overall, this will be my seventh year of teaching Computer Science and IT.
I am from Bushey, just outside London, in the UK. I first studied Psychology at the University of Essex and in-between term time worked for a computer company as an Engineer. After two years I then decided that I wanted to become a teacher and commenced on a fulfilling journey by doing a Computing course at Reading University and, finally, my PGCE at UCL’s Institute of Education. I have experience in various types of schools and I have run school clubs such as CCF, which is a cadet force for both the Army and RAF. This included teaching (and learning myself!) a whole squadron how to sail, kayak, canoe and mountain bike – I also learnt how to pilot a small plane!
I’m a firm believer that a student’s experience of school should extend beyond academic success. Being able to offer students extracurricular activities is an important process of growing up, making friends and understanding commitment within a team. I like to live an active lifestyle which I believe can be transferred into a classroom – I have taken part in Triathlons and running races (some in Phuket!).
One of the main reasons I went into teaching was to be able to visit cultures around the world and truly immerse myself in them; HeadStart has given me the opportunity to do this. I’m extremely excited to make a positive impact with my new role at HeadStart, making my mark on an already thriving institution.
Alicia Niemand
Year 8 Coordinator & ICT Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
Hello everyone! My name is Alicia and I have been working at HeadStart since October 2018. I am entering my night year of teaching meaning I am extremely well equipped for the exciting year ahead. I have taught in a variety of settings; including my home country of South Africa, the Middle East and other parts of Thailand. I studied to become a teacher at the University of Pretoria; gaining a Bachelor of Education degree. I then taught ICT in South Africa for two years before embarking on my international teaching career; where I have spent the past six years as both a homeroom, IT, ICT and IB MYP Digital Design Teacher.
I strive towards perfection for both myself and my students, working each day to ensure outstanding practice and outcomes. I am very passionate about my subject which means I have a breadth of knowledge to share and can do so in engaging and stimulating ways. I am a stimulating, eager and dedicated person with a natural ability to build rapport with students. My high quality approach ensures rapid progress and results. With a devoted outlook towards lessons; through differentiation, challenge, a happy and humorous approach, my teaching style has been positively welcomed by learners over the years.
As well as being a passionate teacher, I also love fitness and sport. I love training in a range of physical activities; including Crossfit, weight-lifting, cycling, team sports, coaching and refereeing. With this, I have played provincial field hockey for my country and also represented an established Emirates rugby team while living in Dubai. I look forward to continuing touch rugby with the staff and students this year.
I am looking forward to the next academic year, seeing familiar faces and getting to know all of the new students. I’m happy to be spending my time at HeadStart and in Phuket.
Iain Ross
Maths & Computing Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Iain.
I began working for Headstart International School in August 2022.
Prior to qualifying as a teacher, I worked in outdoor education and have worked in UK, France and with Outward Bound in Hong Kong. At this time, I made my only previous trip to Thailand, when I visited Bangkok and travelled to Railay Beach where I enjoyed the fabulous rock climbing and my first experience of scuba diving.
On returning from Hong Kong to UK, I began training as a teacher. I have since been employed in a number of schools in Devon and Cornwall in the south-west of UK, and as a school leader of a referral unit for challenging students. After gaining NPQH, I established my own company and worked throughout the UK providing support to local authorities and interim leadership to struggling schools.
For the last 7 years I have been employed as a maths and computing teacher and Head of Faculty in a British school in Cyprus. I enjoy teaching students skills that they will use in later life, and also helping them develop into young adults.
When I am not teaching, I enjoy music, adventure sports and travelling. My wife and I have travelled through New Zealand and Australia where we gained our diving qualifications. I have also travelled to several countries in Europe, including riding through Turkey to compete in a week-long motorcycle rally in Greece.
Dan Marsh
Head of Science
Secondary
[email protected]
I am excited to join the Headstart family this year, along with my wife and daughter. I am the Head of Faculty for Science and teach Physics at IGCSE and A-level.
I completed my BSc Honours degree in Marine Chemistry in 1999, and then a Doctorate in Chemical Physics developing optical fibre sensing devices, both in the UK. I then spent six years as a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Bristol and Nottingham Universities, where I worked on designing a range of technologies which depend upon self-assembly at the nanoscale, and was briefly a Visiting Professor at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.
In 2008 I moved into international education as a teacher and Head of Faculty in Kuwait for six years. This is my ninth year teaching in Thailand, having been in Bangkok for eight years prior to moving to the lovely island of Phuket. Whilst in Thailand I have completed a PGCE at Masters level (with Distinction) through Keele University, and also a NPQ in Middle Leadership through UCL’s Institute of Education.
I have a great belief in the power of education to enrich and transform the lives of young people, and to prepare them for an independent life in an uncertain future. I encourage all students to pursue a broad program of learning, both formally and informally through the excellent programs on offer here at Headstart, so as to develop their personal resilience and confidence as they progress through school.
I am a member of the Duke of Edinburgh’s International Award global training panel, training new Award Leaders, and pursue my own adventurous journeys in the wilds of Thailand and the wider-world as a keen photographer with a love for the outdoors.
Christopher Brown
Science Teacher (Biology)
Secondary
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My name is Chris and I am happy to be returning to HeadStart International School for my sixth year teaching science here.
I grew up in North West England and completed my degree in Biochemistry at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, before doing my PGCE in Secondary Science at the University of Manchester. I continue to enjoy putting this experience to good use at HeadStart where I can share my passion for science with students from so many different backgrounds. I feel that all young people have a natural curiosity and drive to understand the world around them, which makes teaching science a pleasure. I aim to keep this curiosity and excitement alive in my classroom and strive to make sure that my students see science as something interesting that they can relate to their own day to day lives.
My science lessons allow students to explore ideas and discover answers for themselves as much as possible, giving them hands-on experience of what it really means to be a scientist. I feel very lucky that I am able to combine my love of teaching with living in one of my favourite places in the world.
Patrick Brown
Science Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Patrick Brown, I am from Rochester, Kent in England. I graduated with a BSc from The University of London. After working at Greenwich University for 18 years I completed a TEFL course in 1999 and then went on to a PGCE at Canterbury Christchurch University in 2006.
I have worked for 8 years teaching science in the UK, 6 of them as Deputy Head of Science. I’m starting my Eighth year teaching at Headstart and look forward to helping pupils develop their skills in scientific enquiry and critical thinking, which I firmly believe help to enrich their overall experience in life and important decisions they will make in it.
I am a keen cyclist and photographer and continue to put both these skills to good use on this beautiful island.
Emma Marsh
Science Teacher (Chemistry)
Secondary
[email protected]
Having graduated from The University of Wales with a BSc(Hons) in Marine Chemistry, my initial career was in industry as an HPLC and Mass-Spectroscopy Chemical Analyst. I then trained as a Chemistry teacher, gaining my PGCE, and taught in the UK. I have a passion for discovering new cultures and travel which set me on the path of international teaching in 2008, firstly in the role of Head of Chemistry at a large International school in Kuwait before making the move to Thailand with my family in 2014. Since arriving in Thailand I have completed a Masters in International Education with my thesis focusing on culturally sensitive teaching methods. I am currently in the final stages of a PhD, looking in more depth at intercultural education and the ways in which cultural differences can impact learning. Following eight years teaching in Bangkok, I am delighted to have been given the opportunity to move with my husband and daughter to Phuket.
Outside of the classroom I am a passionate sports person and when I am not cycling or running, I enjoy sharing my love of horses with my daughter. I am currently in the process of developing my swimming so that I can become part of the Phuket triathlon scene.
Neil Roscoe
Science Teacher (Biology)
Secondary
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I’m Neil Roscoe and I have taught Science and especially Biology for over 20 years. My degree is from the University of Leicester and I qualified to teach at the University of Sussex, in the UK. I most recently taught in an international School in Shanghai, China, before coming to Phuket and also in a number of private boarding schools, including Roedean, prior to that.
I am especially interested in the natural world and hope to inspire a love of nature in my students. Phuket is an amazing place to study Biology because there is such an abundance of life all around us, from the forests and mountains of the interior to the coasts – which include coral reefs and archipelago. It would be fun to explore all of this further, perhaps with students from HeadStart in the form of field visits as part of our study.
When not teaching, I’m interested in travel and flying. I learned to fly small planes in the United States, which has brought many hours of fun. I also enjoy music and sometimes painting (watercolour), which can be really relaxing.
I look forward to another year at HeadStart and helping the students to find their niche in life. With all that is going on in the world currently, there has rarely been a more exciting time to study Biology.
Patrick Graham
Music Coordinator
Secondary
[email protected]
Tim Costello
Music Teacher
Secondary
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Hi, my name is Tim and I am a Music Honours Graduate of Dartington College of Arts in England. I majored in Trumpet, Conducting and Sound Engineering. I have been playing the Trumpet since I was 6 and Piano since I was 11.
I studied for my PGCE at Sussex University and my NPQH (National Professional Qualification for Headship), at the National College for School Leadership in the UK.
I have been a classroom Music Teacher, Head of Department/Faculty and Senior Leadership for 27 years, initially in the UK, then in the Middle East, Malaysia, Philippines and now on the stunningly beautiful island of Phuket.
I have previously played Trumpet with the Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra, Exeter Symphony Orchestra, UAE Philharmonic Orchestra, UAE Symphony Orchestra, Lionel Hampton’s Big Band and the Abu Dhabi Big Band. I am classically trained but also have a real passion for Big Bands and Jazz.
I am a Yacht Master and am a keen sailor (if anyone needs crew). I also love to Scuba Dive and I am a PADI Rescue Diver. As a lifelong learner I am hoping to become a Divemaster in the next couple of years.
I am passionate about empowering my learners to work hard using enquiry, independence, collaboration and as many learning styles as possible. My teaching style embraces fun, humor, differentiation, challenge whilst expecting the highest work ethic from my learners.
Kerrie Nacey
Art Teacher
Secondary
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Hello HeadStart community, my names Kerrie and I am a Secondary Art Teacher as well as the Home room teacher for Year 10 Yellow. This is my first year at HeadStart after moving to Phuket from Bangkok, where I taught for five years.
I have a First Class Honors BA in Contemporary Fine Art from Northumbria University, where I found my passion for using sculptural materials and ceramics to make art. You can find me somewhere covered in clay!
After studying Art, I studied Art in education and received my Postgraduate Certificate in Sheffield where I taught Art and Design, Art Textiles and Resistant materials at KS3 and GCSE. In 2017 I moved to Bangkok to work in a middle school, where I taught and delivered Art for the whole school from Year 1 to Year 9. I then moved on to continue teaching IGCSE and A level. I have thoroughly enjoyed having the opportunity to teach an array of year groups, each year has inspired the development of my teaching practice.
I am passionate that Art can create change, that it builds confidence, creates conversations and harnesses the power of creativity. Not one shoe fits all, Art can be as flexible, fun and accessible as we make it and I am so excited to be working with such a creative community at HeadStart.
Thomas Dagnall
Art Coordinator
Secondary
[email protected]
Hello and sawadee krap! My name is Tommy, this will be my 2nd year here and I am very excited to begin my new role as an Art Coordinator at Headstart.
I was born and raised in Liverpool, making me a proud ‘Scouser’. I moved to Lincoln when I was 20 where I completed my Ba in The Visual Arts and Education studies at Bishop Grosseteste University. Whilst there I would spend my summers teaching Martial Arts at a summer camp in the USA. Through my degree studies I explored light in many ways before specialising in its use as a physical medium through installations.
I am passionate about all forms of creative expression, I am at my happiest when making and have worked to become adept in many different mediums. I aim to encourage this level of passion and enthusiasm in all of my students. I am a firm believer in arts ability to reach across subject divides and love using this to branch out into cross curricular learning.
I have spent my last 4 years teaching Art in an international school in Marbella where I also served as a ‘head of house’ and developed and delivered a contemporary and fresh PSHE curriculum for year 8 and 9 students.
Outside of the classroom I love to stay active. Aside from my own artwork I am also a 2nd dan in the Goju Ryu style of Okinawan Karate and I love to play Football, Padel, Yoga and swim in the Sea. I look forward to continuing these activities in Phuket and hopefully learn some more.
Dean Wells
Design & Technology Coordinator
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Dean Wells and I am from the UK. I grew up in Poole, Dorset but moved to Bristol to study a degree in Manufacturing Systems Engineering and then stayed there for 18 years. As a Production Engineer I worked on top engineering projects such as the Typhoon Eurofighter, underwater and flying Unmanned Automated Vehicles and setting up a company for Mitsubishi before eventually going back to university and studying for my PGCE to become a qualified Design and Technology teacher.
I moved to Penang, Malaysia in 2013 to work at a new international school where my role was to design and overlook the building of the Design and Technology educational spaces as well as to set up and teach an exciting curriculum for Key Stage 3, Cambridge IGCSE to Key Stage 4 and Product Design A Level to Key Stage 5. I am now really looking forward to my new role at Headstart International school and to continue helping with the progression, positive energy and academic successes of the Creative Arts and DT subjects. I am committed to helping young people achieve their best and striving to ensure they have a happy and successful life.
In the past I have also had some varied jobs that possibly reflect my personality and interests, I have taught corporate groups how to sail tall ships, had my own weekly radio show and been a sound engineer for London Westend shows such as Cats and Mary Poppins.
Joshua Lantegan
Design & Technology Associate Teacher
Secondary
[email protected]
Korawit Leekleaw
Design & Technology Technician
Secondary
[email protected]
Amina Sanden
Head Dance Coach
Secondary
[email protected]
Hi everyone! My name is Mina and I am the new Head Dance Coach. I am thrilled to be a part of the HeadStart family and I can’t wait to work with everyone and take our Dance Academy to the next level. It is a pleasure to be teaching these wonderful students, to share my experiences and knowledge with them, and most importantly, to have fun!
I have been dancing since I was 6 years old. I studied Jazz dance at Bangkok Dance Studio and Contemporary dance in many different studios. I started competing in dance battles when I was 15 years old. I have performed as a professional dancer in music videos, commercials, and events. I also worked as a dance soloist, choreographer, coach and manager for events and competitions. I have travelled to many countries to take dance classes from dance masters in various dance genres to further my teaching and dancing techniques. I am able to teach many dance genres such as jazz-funk, contemporary, hip-hop, and more.
My goal is to help all of our students find their own characteristics and to be able to express them through dance. I will guide them through pathways that will help them achieve their optimal level of success. Dancing saved my life and I would like to pay it forward by helping others achieve something greater.
Narumon Kunjun
Science Technician
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Kanwara Kunjun or Bow.
I graduated from Prince of Songkla University where I achieved a Bachelor of Science, I majored in Biotechnology. I was working as Science assistant during that time. After I graduated, I worked as a lecturer at The Biochemistry department at Taksin University for a year and I used to work as a science tutor for secondary students at Hatyaiwittayalai Somboon Kunkunya School.
It has been a great opportunity to join Headstart International School in the position of Science Technician. Two years have passed since joining the team but I still have so much fun working in the school because of the lovely management team and students.
Wipawee Lhuangon
Art Technician
Secondary
[email protected]
My name is Wipawee Lhuangon and I have worked at HeadStart International School since 2019. I initially started as a graphic designer but I am now working as an art technician for the art department.
I graduated with a bachelor’s degree in Communication Art from Sripatum University in 2018. My favourite thing about working in the art department is that I get to help my students with their art projects and I support them in finding their own creativity. I am really looking forward to this new Academic year, as I am sure students will continue to surprise and amaze me with their fantastic talents.
Outside of work I am also really passionate about art. I enjoy spending time in Art and History museums. I love to travel and discover new countries. I enjoy Procreate digital art, going to the beach, listening to podcasts and one of my favourite hobbies is surf skating.
LIHEAP Map Tribal Contact Listing
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Alabama
Ms. Nancy Carley
Vice Chief
Ma-Chis Lower Creek Indian Tribe
2950 Coffee County Road, Rm. 377
Elba, Alabama 36323
TEL: (334) 897-3207
FAX: (334) 565-3059
E-MAIL: machis@centurytel. net
Ms. Lori Weaver
LIHEAP Coordinator
Mowa Band of Choctaw Indians
1080 West Red Fox Road
Mount Vernon, Alabama 36560-9639
TEL: (251) 829-5500, Ext. 106
FAX: (251) 829-5008
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Amanda Montgomery, MSW, MBA
Family Services Director
Poarch Band of Creek Indians
5811 Jack Springs Road
Atmore, Alabama 36502
TEL: (251) 368-9136, Ext. 2024
FAX: (251) 368-0828
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Judy Dixon
Principal Chief
United Cherokee Ani-Yun-Wiya Nation
P.O. Box 754
Guntersville, Alabama 35976
TEL: (256) 582-2333
FAX: (256) 582-2333
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Alaska
Mr. Jacob Timmons
Special Projects Coordinator
Aleutian Pribilof Islands
Association, Inc.
1131 East International Airport Road
Anchorage, Alaska 99518
TEL: (907) 222-9713
FAX: (907) 222-9711
E-MAIL: [email protected]
PUBLIC INQUIRIES: (907) 276-2700
Ms. Daisy Phillips
LIHEAP Coordinator
Aniak Traditional Council
P.O. Box 349
Aniak, Alaska 99557
TEL: (907) 675-4349
FAX: (907) 675-4513
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Katheryn Nenneman
Social Services Director
Association of Village
Council Presidents
P.O. Box 219
Bethel, Alaska 99559
TEL: (907) 543-8711
MAIN: (907) 543-7400/7300
TOLL-FREE: 1-800-478-3521
FAX: (907) 543-7479
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Web Site: http://www.avcp.org/services/ Visit disclaimer page
Ms. Pamela Murphy
Division Manager, Cash Assistance Services
Bristol Bay Native Association
P. O. Box 310
Dillingham, Alaska 99576
TEL: (907) 842-6120
FAX: (907) 842-1293
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Tracy Simeon
Acting Administrator
Chuathbaluk Traditional Council
#1 Teen Center Road
Post Office Box CHU
Chuathbaluk, Alaska 99557
TEL: (907) 467-4313 or 2120
FAX: (907) 467-4113
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Taylor Donovan
Senior Manager
Cook Inlet Tribal Council, Inc.
3600 San Jeronimo Drive
Anchorage, Alaska 99508
TEL: (907) 793-3324
FAX: (907) 793-3394
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Aurora Rogers
LIHEAP Coordinator
Kenaitze Indian Tribe
P.O. Box 988
Kenai, Alaska 99611
TEL: (907) 335-7207
FAX: (907) 335-7239
E-MAIL: arogers@kenaitze. org
Ms. Mary Simon
477 Programs Director
Orutsararmuit Native Council
P.O. Box 927
Bethel, Alaska 99559
TEL: (907) 543-0507
FAX: (907) 543-2639
E-MAIL: [email protected]
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Crystal Collier
Chief Executive Officer
Seldovia Village Tribe
P.O. Box Drawer L
Seldovia, Alaska 99663
TEL: (907) 234-7898
FAX: (907) 234-7865
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Melonie Boord
Social Services Director
Sitka Tribe of Alaska
456 Katlian Street
Sitka, Alaska 99835
TEL: (907) 747-7382
FAX: (907) 747-4915
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Jason Johnson
Family Services and Support Division Director
Tanana Chiefs Conference, Inc.
122 First Avenue, Suite 600
Fairbanks, Alaska 99701
TEL: (907) 452-8251, Ext. 3584
FAX: (907) 459-3870
(800) 478-6822 (Alaska)
(800) 770-8251 (Outside Alaska)
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Kami Barros
Tribal Services Project Coordinator
Tlingit-Haida Regional Housing Authority
P.O. Box 32237
Juneau, Alaska 99803-2237
TEL: (907) 780-3122
FAX: 1-866-232-3681
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Web Site: http://regionalhousingauthority.org/ Visit disclaimer page
Ms. Penney James
Human Services Director
Yakutat Tlingit Tribe
P.O. Box 418
Yakutat, Alaska 99689
TEL: (907) 784-3368
FAX: (907) 784-3664
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Arizona
Ms. Fern Soto
LIHEAP Coordinator
Cocopah Tribe
County 15th and Avenue G
Somerton, Arizona 85350
TEL: (928) 627-1148
FAX: (928) 627-2929
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Sylvia Hill, MSW
Office of Social Services Manager
Department of Health Services
Colorado River Indian Tribes
12302 Kennedy Drive
Parker, Arizona 85344
TEL: (928) 669-8187
FAX: (928) 669-8881
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Megan Yellowhorse
Administrative Assistant/LIHEAP Coordinator
Gila River Indian Community
P.O. Box 97
Sacaton, Arizona 85147
TEL: (520) 562-5232
FAX: (520) 562-9695
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Raeann Metteba
LIHEAP Coordinator
Division of Social Services
The Navajo Nation
P. O. Box 4590
Window Rock, Arizona 86515
TEL: (928) 871-6619
FAX: (928) 871-6839
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Irma Valencia
Deputy Director
Social Services Department
Pascua Yaqui Tribe
7474 S. Camino De Oeste
Tucson, Arizona 85746
TEL: (520) 879-5640
FAX: (520) 879-5646
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. RoseAna Douglas
Grants Writer
Quechan Indian Tribe
P.O. Box 1899
Yuma, Arizona 85366-1899
TEL: (760) 572-0213 Ext. 286
FAX: (760) 572-2102
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Susan Nayatewa
LIHEAP Coordinator
Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community
DHHS Central Intake Center
10005 E.Osborn Road
Scottsdale, Arizona 85256
TEL: (480) 362-5616
FAX: (480) 362-5573
E-MAIL: Susan. [email protected]
Mr. Terry Ross
LIHEAP Coordinator
San Carlos Apache Tribe
P.O. Box O
San Carlos Avenue
San Carlos, Arizona 85550
TEL: (928) 475-2313
FAX: (928) 475-2342
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Rosie Eleando
Receptionist
White Mountain Apache Planning Department
White Mountain Apache Tribe
202 East Walnut Street
Box 100 W/R
Whiteriver, Arizona 85941
TEL: (928) 338-2482
FAX: (928) 338-5195
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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California
Ms. Annette Granstedt
Tribal Administrative Assistant
Berry Creek Rancheria-Tyme Maidu Tribe
5 Tyme Way
Oroville, California 95966
TEL: (530) 534-1235
FAX: (530) 534-1151
E-MAIL: agranstedt@berrycreekrancheria. com
Ms. Elizabeth Howe
Economic Development Director
Big Valley Band of Pomo Indians
2726 Mission Rancheria Road
Lakeport, California 95453
TEL: (707) 263-3924, Ext. 106
FAX: (707) 533-2940
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Pam Martinez
Social Services Assistant
Bishop Paiute Tribe
Social Services Department
50 Tu Su Lane
Bishop, California 93514
TEL: (760) 873-4414
FAX: (760) 873-3529
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Paul Fernandez
Interim Housing Director
Coyote Valley Band of Pomo Indians
P.O. Box 39
7601 North State Street
Redwood Valley, California 95470
TEL: (707) 485-8723
FAX: (707) 485-1247
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Donna Rodriguez
LIHEAP Coordinator
Enterprise Rancheria
2133 Monte Vista Avenue
Oroville, California 95965
TEL: (530) 532-9214
FAX: (530) 532-1768
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Sunshine Jackson
Revenue Cycle Manager
Hoopa Valley Tribe
P.O. Box 1288
Hoopa, California 95546
TEL: (530) 625-4261, Ext. 0324
FAX: (530) 625-4858
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Michelle Campbell
Fiscal Director
Hopland Band of Pomo Indians
3000 Shanel Road
Hopland, California 95449
TEL: (707) 472-2100, Ext. 1107
FAX: (707) 462-2729
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Emma Lee Perez
Contract Compliance Specialist
Karuk Tribe
P.O. Box 1016
Happy Camp, California 96039
TEL: (530) 493-1600
FAX: (530) 493-1442
E-MAIL: emmaleeperez@karuk. us
Ms. Angel Martin
LIHEAP Coordinator
Mooretown Rancheria
# 1 Alverda Drive
Oroville, California 95966
TEL: (530) 533-3625
FAX: (530) 533-3680
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Gregory Gehr
Executive Director
Northern California Indian Development Council, Inc.
241 F Street
Eureka, California 95501-4050
TEL: (707) 445-8451
FAX: (707) 445-8479
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Clayton Freeman
LIHEAP Coordinator
Pinoleville Pomo Nation
500 B Pinoleville Drive
Ukiah, California 95482
TEL: (707) 463-1454
FAX: (707) 463-6601
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Buzz Ward
LIHEAP Administrator
Pit River Tribe
36977 Park Avenue
Burney, California 96013
TEL: (530) 335-5421, Ext. 1401
FAX: (530) 335-3140
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Harold Bennett
Tribal Chairman
Quartz Valley Indian Reservation
13601 Quartz Valley Road
Fort Jones, California 96032
TEL: (530) 468-5907
FAX: (530) 468-5908
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Radley Davis
Manager
Redding Rancheria
2000 Redding Rancheria Road
Redding, California 96001
TEL: (530) 242-4532
FAX: (530) 242-4580
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Mary Camp
Tribal Administrator
Redwood Valley Reservation
3250 Road I
Redwood Valley, California 95470
TEL: (707) 485-0361, Ext. 102
FAX: (707) 485-5726
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Ciera Espinoza
LIHEAP Coordinator
Riverside-San Bernardino County Indian Health
607 Donna Way
San Jacinto, California 92583
TEL: (951) 654-0803 Ext. 4243
FAX: (951) 487-0986
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Lauren Whipple
TEPA Assistant/Secretary
Round Valley Indian Tribes
77826 Covelo Road
Covelo, California 95428
TEL: (707) 983-8204
FAX: (707) 983-6128
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Carmen Ochoa
LIHEAP Coordinator
Sherwood Valley Band of Pomo Indians
190 Sherwood Hill Drive
Willits, California 95490
TEL: (707) 459-9690 Ext. 102
FAX: (707) 459-6936
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Lorraine Dischinger
Grants Management Analyst
Southern Indian Health Council, Inc.
P.O. Box 2128
Alpine, California 91903-2128
TEL: (619) 445-1188 Ext. 331
FAX: (619) 659-3138
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Jeannette Bain
LIHEAP Coordinator
Yurok Tribe
190 Klamath Boulevard
P. O. Box 1027
Klamath, California 95548
TEL: (707) 482-1350, Ext 1417
FAX: (707) 482-1368
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Idaho
Ms. Aillia Wilson
LIHEAP Coordinator
Coeur d’Alene Tribe
P.O. Box 408
1120 B Street
Plummer, Idaho 83851
TEL: (208) 686-6802
FAX: (208) 686-2059
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Taricia Moliga
Financial Assistance Specialist
Nez Perce Tribe
311 Agency Road, P.O. Box 365
Lapwai, Idaho 83540
TEL: (208) 621-4657
FAX: (208) 843-7364
E-Mail: [email protected]
Mr. Dustin Davis
Consumer Service Manager
The Shoshone-Bannock Tribes 477 Program
P.O. Box 306
Fort Hall, Idaho 83203
TEL: (208) 478-3709
FAX: (208) 478-3852
E-MAIL: ddavis@sbtribes. com
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Kansas
Ms. Linda Ogden
LIHEAP Coordinator
United Tribes of Kansas & SE Nebraska
3301 Thrasher Road
White Cloud, Kansas 66094
TEL: (785) 595-3258
FAX: (785) 595-6667
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Maine
Ms. Vanninnia Sock
LIHEAP Coordinator
Aroostook Band of Micmacs
7 Northern Road
Presque Isle, Maine 04769
TEL: (207) 760-7372
FAX: (207) 760-1660
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Tanya Raymond
Social Services Director
Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians
13-2 Clover Circle
Houlton, Maine 04730
TEL: (207) 532-7260 or (207) 694-1874
FAX: (207) 532-5924
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Faye Socobasin
Assistant Finance Director
Passamaquoddy Tribe
Indian Township Tribal Government
P. O. Box 301
Princeton, Maine 04668
TEL: (207) 796-6115
FAX: (207) 796-2420
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Barbara Newell
LIHEAP Coordinator
Passamaquoddy Tribe at Pleasant Point
Indian Township Tribal Government
P.O. Box 343
Perry, Maine 04667
TEL: (207) 853-2600, Ext. 221
FAX: (207) 853-2368
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Reese Chavaree-Hildreth
Community Services Coordinator
Department of Human Services
Penobscot Indian Nation
4 Down Street
Indian Island, Maine 04468
TEL: (207) 817-7491
FAX: (207) 817-3167
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Massachusetts
Ms. Shakira Askew
LIHEAP Fuel Assistance Coordinator
Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Tribal Council
P. O. Box 1048
Mashpee, Massachusetts 02649
TEL: (508) 477-0208, Ext. 159
FAX: (508) 681-0277
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Michigan
Ms. Haley Lamson
Grants and Contracts Coordinator
Office of Program Development and Evaluation
The Grand Traverse Band of
Ottawa & Chippewa Indians
2605 N. West Bay Shore Drive
Peshawbestown, Michigan 49862-9275
TEL: (231) 534-7909
FAX: (231) 534-7706
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Debra Bonacci
Administrative Assistant
Inter-Tribal Council of Michigan, Inc.
2956 Ashmun Street
Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan 49783
TEL: (906) 632-6896 Ext. 101 or 1-800-562-4957
FAX: (906) 632-1810
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Brigitte La-Pointe Dunham
Chief Executive Officer
Keweenaw Bay Indian Community
16429 Beartown Road
Baraga, Michigan 49908
TEL: (906) 353-4184
FAX: (906) 353-4141
E-MAIL: blapointe@kbic-nsn. gov
Mr. Bill Willis
Budget Coordinator/Member Services Lead
Little River Band of Ottowa Indians
2608 Government Center Drive
Manistee, Michigan 49660
TEL: (231) 398-6816
FAX: (231) 398-9680
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Mark Pompey
Social Services Director
Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians
Finance Department
58620 Sink Road
P.O. Box 180
Dowagiac, Michigan 49047
TEL: (616) 782-8998
FAX: (616) 782-6882
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Juanita Bye
LIHEAP Coordinator
Sault Ste. Marie Tribe
of Chippewa Indians
2864 Ashmun Street
Chippewa, Michigan 49783
TEL: (906) 632-5250
FAX: (906) 632-5266
PUBLIC INQUIRIES: 1-800-726-0093
E-MAIL: jbye@saulttribe. net
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Mississippi
Ms. Sally Allen
LIHEAP Coordinator
Emergency Assistance Program
Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians
P.O. Box 6010
Philadelphia, Mississippi 39350
TEL: (601) 650-1665
FAX: (601) 650-7357
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Montana
Ms. Sheila Spotted Bull
LIHEAP Coordinator
Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes
(Fort Peck Tribes)
P.O. Box 1027
Poplar, Montana 59255
TEL: (406) 768-2432
FAX: (406) 768-5833
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Craig Wellman
LIHEAP Coordinator
Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
Blackfeet Tribe
P.O. Box 850
Browning, Montana 59417
TEL: (406) 338-7977
FAX: (406) 338-5163
E-MAIL: craigwellman@hotmail. com
Ms. Lisa Watson Whitford
Director
Chippewa Cree Tribe (Rocky Boy’s Reservation)
Rocky Boy Senior Citizen’s Program
111 Clinic Road
Box Elder, Montana 59521
TEL: (406) 395-5348
FAX: (406) 395-4503
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Michaellynn E. Alvarez
LIHEAP Program Manager
Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes
P.O. Box 278
Pablo, Montana 59855
TEL: (406) 675-2700; Ext. 1037
FAX: (406) 275-2759
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Peggy M. Healy
Senior Citizens Director
Ft. Belknap Agency
P.O. Box 66, RR 1
Harlem, Montana 59526
TEL: (406) 353-8499
FAX: (406)353-4361
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Letha Whitewolf
LIHEAP Coordinator
Northern Cheyenne Tribe, Inc.
P.O. Box 128
Lame Deer, Montana 59043
TEL: (406) 477-8459
FAX: (406) 477-8492
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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New Jersey
Ms. Danielle Cranmer
Tribal Office Administrator
Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Tribal Nation
P.O. Box 544
Bridgeton, New Jersey 08302
TEL: (856) 455-6910
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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New Mexico
Ms. Lonna Valdez
Director
Jicarilla Mental Health and Social Services
Jicarilla Apache Nation
P.O. Box 546
Dulce, New Mexico 87528
TEL: (575) 759-7292
FAX: (575) 759-7301
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Monica Toya
Pueblo of Jemez Senior Citizens Program/LIHEAP
Pueblo of Jemez
P.O. Box 100
Jamez Pueblo, New Mexico 87024
TEL: (575) 834-9168
FAX: (575) 834-0238
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Malcolm Montgomery
Accounting Manager
Pueblo of Laguna
Post Office Box 208
Laguna, New Mexico 87026
TEL: (505) 552-9631
FAX: (505) 552-9958
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Bernadette Trujillo
Enrollment and Public Services Coordinator
Pueblo of Nambe
Rt 1 Box 117-BB
Sanat Fe, New Mexico 87506
TEL: (505) 455-4434
FAX: (505) 455-2038
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Bernadette Panteah
ZECDC Acting Director
Pueblo of Zuni
P.O. Box 339
01 Twin Buttes Road Zuni, New Mexico 87327
TEL: (505) 782-5998
FAX: (505) 782-6080
E-MAIL: bernadette. [email protected]
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New York
Ms. Melanie Conners
Food Distribution/LIHEAP Manager
St. Regis Mohawk Tribe
71 Margaret Terrance Memorial Way
Akwesasne, New York 13655
TEL: (518) 358-2272, Ext. 2212
FAX: (518) 358-9954
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Kerry A. John-Kennedy
Administrative Assistant – Tribal Advocate Program
Seneca Nation of Indians
Cattaraugus Indian Reservation
1490 Route 438
Irving, New York 14081
TEL: (716) 532-4900 Ext. 5056
FAX: (716) 532-3243
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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North Carolina
Mr. DeMakus J. Staton
Grants/Contract Supervisor
Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
88 Council House Loop
P.O. Box 455
Cherokee, North Carolina 28719
TEL: (828) 359-7032
E-MAIL: demastat@nc-cherokee. com
Ms. Tammy Maynor, JD
Interim Tribal Administrator
Tribal Council of the Lumbee Nation
P.O. Box 2709
Pembroke, North Carolina 28372
TEL: (910) 522-2204
FAX: (910) 733-5304
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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North Dakota
Ms. Joy Azure
Director, Employment and Training Programs
Spirit Lake Tribe
P.O. Box 359
Fort Totten, North Dakota 58335
TEL: (701) 701-766-1206
FAX: (701) 766-1171
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Irma Walking Elk
LIHEAP Coordinator
Standing Rock Sioux Tribe
P.O. Box D
Fort Yates, North Dakota 58538
TEL: (701) 854-7588
FAX: (701) 854-3989
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Rose M. Crow
Acting Director
The Three Affiliated Tribes Fort Berthold Reservation
LIHEAP Fuel Assistance Program
Material Resource Department
404 Frontage Road
New Town, North Dakota 58763
TEL: (701) 627-2364
FAX: (701) 627-5550
E-MAIL: rcrowflieshigh@mhanation. com
Mr. Louis “Buster” Frederick
Director, LIHEAP
Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa
P.O. Box 900
Belcourt, North Dakota 58315
TEL: (701) 477-3368 or (701) 477-3273
FAX: (701) 477-6663
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Oklahoma
Ms. Annette Wilson
Social Services Director
Absentee Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
2025 S. Gordon Cooper Drive
Shawnee, Oklahoma 74801
TEL: (405) 275-4030, Ext. 167
FAX: (405) 273-7938
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Molly Moore
Tribal Administrator
Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town
P.O. Box 187
Wetumka, Oklahoma 74883
TEL: (918) 913-1702
FAX: (405) 452-3968
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Janet Ward
Manager
Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma
P. O. Box 948
Tahlequah, Oklahoma 74465
TEL: (918) 453-5327
FAX: (918) 458-6216
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Andrea Patterson
Social Services Coordinator
Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes
of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 38
Concho, Oklahoma 73022
TEL: (405) 422-7923
FAX: (405) 422-8218
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Ted Scribner
Executive Officer
Chickasaw Nation of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 1548
Ada, Oklahoma 74820
TEL: (580) 436-7246
FAX: (580) 436-3733
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Trista Winnett
LIHEAP Program Manager
Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma
Drawer 1210
Durant, Oklahoma 74702-1210
TEL: (580) 924-8280 Ext. 2384
FAX: (580) 924-3553
E-MAIL: twinnett@choctawnation. com
Ms. Margaret Zientek
Assistant Director
Citizen Potawatomi Nation
1601 S. Gordon Cooper Drive
Shawnee, Oklahoma 74801
TEL: (405) 598-0797, Ext. 24
FAX: (405) 598-0833
E-MAIL: [email protected] or [email protected]
Ms. Sandra Mithlo
Director for Comanche Nation Social Services
Comanche Indian Tribe
P.O. Box 908
Lawton, Oklahoma 73502
TEL: (580) 492-3393
FAX: (580) 492-3742
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Sylvia Pitner
Social Services Director
The Delaware Nation
31064 State Highway 281, Bldg. 100
P.O. Box 825
Anandarko, Oklahoma 73005
TEL: (405) 247-2448
FAX: (405) 247-5942
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Allan Barnes
Tribal Manager
Delaware Tribe of Indians
5100 Tuxedo Boulevard
Bartlesville, Oklahoma 74006-2838
TEL: (918) 337-6528
FAX: (918) 337-6591
E-MAIL: abarnes@delawaretribe. org
Ms. Amber Mittag
Education/Specialized Services Director
Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
10080 South Bluejacket Road
Wyandotte, Oklahoma 74370
TEL: (918) 238-2424
FAX: (888) 972-1834
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Pamela Eagleshield
LIHEAP Coordinator
Fort Sill Apache Tribe
43187 US Highway 281
Apache, Oklahoma 73006
TEL: (580) 588-2298, Ext. 128
FAX: (580) 588-3133
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Barbara Newell
Director of Social Services
Kaw Nation
698 Grandview Drive
Kaw City, Oklahoma 74641
TEL: (580) 269-2552, Ext. 231
FAX: (580) 269-2116
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Jennie Lillard
LIHEAP Coordinator
Kialegee Tribal Town
P. O. Box 332
Wetumka, Oklahoma 74883
TEL: (405) 452-5388
FAX: (405) 452-3413
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Michelle Correa
Acting Director
Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 70
McLoud, Oklahoma 74851
TEL: (405) 964-4219
FAX: (405) 964-4230
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Tamara Fragua
Social Service Specialist
Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 369
Carnegie, Oklahoma 73015
TEL: (405) 247-0848
FAX: (580) 654-2406
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Stacy Williams
Adult Services Coordinator
Miami Tribe of Oklahoma
3410 P Street, NW
P.O. Box 1326
Miami, Oklahoma 74354
TEL: (918) 541-1300
FAX: (918) 541-2026
E-MAIL: swilliams@miamination. com
Ms. Samantha Belt
LIHEAP Coordinator
Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma
22 N. Eight Tribes Trail
Miami, Oklahoma 74354
TEL: (918) 542-8175
FAX: (918) 542-7878
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Denise Honawa
Director of Human Services
Muscogee (Creek) Nation
of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 580
Okmulgee, Oklahoma 74447
TEL: (918) 549-2431
FAX: (918) 549-2496
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Andrea M. Kemble
Director
Osage Nation of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 522
Hominy, Oklahoma 74035
TEL: (918) 287-5325
FAX: (918) 287-5593
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Web Site: www.osagenation-nsn.gov Visit disclaimer page
Ms. Andrea Kihega
Social Services Director
Otoe-Missouria Tribe
of Oklahoma
8151 N. Highway 177
Red Rock, Oklahoma 74651
TEL: (580) 723-4466
FAX: (580) 723-4466
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Web Site: www.omtribe.org Visit disclaimer page
Ms. Linda Plott
Tribal Planner
Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 110
Miami, Oklahoma 74355
TEL: (918) 540-1536
FAX: (918) 542-3214
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Kyla Wichita
CHR Admin. Assistant
Pawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 470
Pawnee, Oklahoma 74058
TEL: (918) 762-3873
FAX: (918) 762-6453
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. LaWanda Kent
Family Services Director
Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma
Box 20, White Eagle Drive
Ponca City, Oklahoma 74601
TEL: (580) 763-0135
FAX: (580) 763-0134
E-MAIL: Gail. [email protected]
E-Mail: [email protected]
Ms. Patti Rice
LIHEAP Coordinator
Quapaw Tribe of Oklahoma
5681 S. 630 Road
Quapaw, Oklahoma 74363
TEL: (918) 542-1853
FAX: (918) 542-4694
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Mindy Eicher
MOT/APS Coordinator
Sac & Fox Nation
920883 S. Hwy 99, Bldg. A
Stroud, Oklahoma 74079
TEL: (918) 968-3526, Ext. 2013
FAX: (918) 968-4207
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Velvet Hand
Social Services Director
Seminole Nation of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 1498
Wewoka, Oklahoma 74884
TEL: (405) 257-6257
FAX: (405) 257-7056
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Michelle Morris
LIHEAP Coordinator
Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma
23701 S. 655 Road
Grove, Oklahoma 74344
TEL: (918) 791-6060
FAX: (918) 516-0591
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Joy Shockley
Housing Director
Shawnee Tribe
P.O. Box 189/ 29 South Hwy. 69A
Miami, Oklahoma 74355
TEL: (918) 542-2441, Ext. 105
FAX: (918) 542-2922
E-MAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: www.shawnee-tribe.com Visit disclaimer page
Ms. Yvonda Fixico
Social Services Director
Thlopthlocco Tribal Town
P.O. Box 188
Okemah, Oklahoma 74859
TEL: (918) 560-6198
FAX: (918) 623-3023
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Christi Gonzalez
LIHEAP Coordinator
Tonkawa Tribe of Oklahoma
1 Rush Buffalo Road
Tonkawa, Oklahoma 74653
TEL: (580) 628-7025
FAX: (580) 628-3336
E-MAIL: cgonzalez@tonkawatribe. com
Mr. Ronny Livers
Human Services Director
United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians of Oklahoma
P.O. Box 746
18263 W Keetoowah Circle
Tahlequah, Oklahoma 74464
TEL: (918) 871-2841
TOLL FREE: 1-888-867-2430
FAX: (918) 414-4053
E-MAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: www.ukb-nsn.gov Visit disclaimer page
Ms. Sheena Ngu
Director of LIHEAP/Tribal Funded Social Services/CSBG
Wichita and Affiliated Tribes
P.O. Box 729
Anadarko, Oklahoma 73005
TEL: 405-247-8666
FAX: 405-247-3256
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Dana Butterfield
Family Services Director
Wyandotte Nation
64700 E Hwy 60
Wyandotte, Oklahoma 74370
TEL: (918) 678-6319
FAX: (918) 678-3087
E-MAIL: dbutterfield@wyandotte-nation. org
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Oregon
Ms. Meagan Davenport
Family Services Program Assistant
Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua & Siuslaw Indians
1245 Fulton Avenue
Coos Bay, Oregon 97420
TEL: (541) 888-1311
FAX: (541) 888-1837
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mr. Bryan Langley
Acting Grant Manager
Confederate Tribes of the Grand Ronde
Community of Oregon
9615 Grand Ronde Road
Grand Ronde, Oregon 97347
TEL: (503) 879-2276 or 1800-422-0232
FAX: (503) 879-2263
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Casey Godwin
Emergency and Energy Assistance Coordinator
Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians
P.O. Box 549
Siletz, Oregon 97380
TEL: (541) 444-8311
FAX: (541) 444-8313
PUBLIC INQUIRIES: 1-800-922-1399
E-MAIL: caseyg@ctsi. nsn.us
Ms. Fay Hartado
VR Office Manager/Social Services Manager
Confederate Tribes of the Warm Springs
Indian Reservation
4217A Holliday Way
Warm Springs, Oregon 97761
TEL: (541) 553-3415
FAX: (541) 553-3367
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Darlene Chapman
Self Sufficiency Case Manager
Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Tribe of Indians
2371 NE Stephens Street, Suite 100
Roseburg, Oregon 97470
TEL: (541) 492-5271
FAX: (541) 492-5260
CELL: (541) 670-4615
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Rachel Coss
Community Services Department Director
The Klamath Tribes
501 Chiloquin Boulevard
P.O. Box 436
Chiloquin, Oregon 97624
TEL: (541) 827-5119 or (541) 783-2219, Ext. 119
FAX: (541) 783-0994
E-MAIL: rachel. [email protected]
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Rhode Island
Mr. Parrish Noka
LIHEAP Coordinator
Narragansett Indian Tribe
Social Services Department
4259 Old Post Road
Charlestown, Rhode Island 02813
TEL: (401) 213-6880
FAX: (401) 315-2173
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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South Carolina
Ms. Jessica Grant
Director of Family Services
Catawba Indian Nation
996 Avenue Of The Nations
Rock Hill, South Carolina 74801
TEL: (803) 366-4792
FAX: (803) 325-1242
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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South Dakota
Ms. Anita Thompson
LIHEAP Coordinator
Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe
P.O. Box 590
Eagle Butte, South Dakota 57625
TEL: (605) 964-8384 or 4155
FAX: (605) 964-8383
E-MAIL: aa. [email protected]
Ms. Ursula Buckman
Acting LIHEAP Director
Oglala Sioux Tribe (Pine Ridge)
P.O. Box 1051
Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770
TEL: (605) 407-8358
FAX: (605) 867-1215 or (605) 867-1550
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Lorraine “Lori” Walking Eagle
LIHEAP Coordinator
Rosebud Sioux Tribe
P.O. Box 430
Rosebud, South Dakota 57570
TEL: (605) 747-5273
(If above number is disconnected in summer,
call main tribal building at (605) 747-2381)
FAX: (605) 747-5260
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Gail Estes
LIHEAP Coordinator
Yankton Sioux Tribe
800 Main SW
Wagner, South Dakota 57380
DIRECT: (605) 491-2506
TEL: (605) 384-5979 Ext. 1012
FAX: (605) 384-5496
E-MAIL: gailestes62@hotmail. com
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Utah
Mr. Tyler Goddard
Family Services Manager
Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah
440 North Paiute Tribe
Cedar City, Utah 84720
TEL: (435) 586-1112, Ext. 3351
FAX: (435) 586-7388
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Lora Garcia
Financial Officer/Title IV-E Specialist
Ute Indian Tribe
Ute Family Services
P.O. Box 925
Fort Duchesne, Utah 84026
TEL: (435) 725-2843
FAX: (435) 722-5072
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Washington
Mr. Richard C. Tonasket
Program Manager
Colville Confederated Tribes
LIHEAP/Food Distribution
P.O. Box 150
Nespelem, Washington 99155
TEL: (509) 634-2770
FAX: (509) 634-2795
E-MAIL: richard. [email protected]
Ms. Britini Duncan
HOH Tribe Family Services Manager
HOH Indian Tribe
P.O. Box 2196
Forks, Washington 98331
TEL: (360) 374-5037
FAX: (360) 374-5426
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Ann Jagger
Housing Program Manager
Jamestown S’Klallam Tribe
Social & Community Services
1033 Old Blyn Highway
Sequim, Washington 98382
TEL: (360) 681-3411
FAX: (360) 681-3402
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Rebekah Sutch
Director of Planning
Kalispel Tribe of Indians
P.O. Box 39
1981 N. LeClerc Road
Usk, Washington 99180
TEL: (509) 447-7270
FAX: (509) 445-0920
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Rebecca Sampson Weed
Social Service Director
Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe
2851 Lower Elwha Road
Port Angeles, Washington 98363
TEL: (360) 565-7257, Ext. 7456
FAX: 1-866-277-3141
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Christine (Tina) Julius
Energy Assistant Coordinator
Lummi Indian Business Council
2590 Lummi View Drive
Bellingham, Washington 98225
TEL: (360) 380-6961
FAX: (360) 383-2342
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Crysandra Sones
Acting Social Services Manager
Social Health & Education
Makah Indian Tribe
P.O. Box 115
111 Resort Drive
Neah Bay, Washington 98357
TEL: (360) 645-3251
FAX: (360) 645-2685
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Mrs. Alex Marie Cruz-James
Human Services Director
Muckleshoot Indian Tribe
39015 172nd Avenue, S.E.
Auburn, Washington 98002-9763
TEL: (253) 876-3114
FAX: (253) 939-5311
E-MAIL: allison. [email protected]
Ms. Heidi Davis
Director of Social Services
Nooksack Indian Tribe
P.O. Box 157
Deming, Washington 98244
TEL: (360)592-0135, Ext 3423
FAX: (360) 592-9500
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Stacy Mills
LIHEAP Coordinator
Port Gamble S’Klallam Tribe
31912 Little Boston Road, N.W.
Kingston, Washington 98346
TEL: (360) 297-9629
FAX: (360) 297-9666
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Rhonda Metcalf, MEd
Human Services Director
Quileute Tribal Council
P.O. Box 279
La Push, Washington 98350-0279
TEL: (360) 374-0336
FAX: (360) 374-4361
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Lynn Crist
Grants and Contracts Manager
Quinault Indian Nation
1214 Aalis Drive
Taholah, Washington 98587
TEL: (360) 276-8211, Ext. 347
FAX: (360) 276-0153
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Sharon Paskewitz
Housing Director
Samish Indian Nation
715 Seafarer’s Way, Suite 103
Anacortes, Washington 98221
TEL: (360) 726-3366, Ext. 3366
FAX: (360) 299-4357
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Lisa Rivera
Manager
Small Tribes Organization
of Western Washington
3040 96th Street South
Lakewood, Washington 98499
TEL: (253) 589-7101, Ext. 236
FAX: (253) 589-7117
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Debbie Gardipee-Reyes
LIHEAP Coordinator
South Puget Inter-Tribal Planning Agency
3104 S.E. Olympia Highway
Shelton, Washington 98584
TEL: (360) 426-3990
FAX: (360) 427-8003
E-MAIL: gardipee@spipa. org
Ms. Tawhnee Colvin
Assistant Director HHS
Spokane Tribe of Indians
6228 Old School Road
Wellpinit, Washington 99040
TEL: (509) 258-7502
FAX: (509) 258-7029
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Angela Flemming
Development Manager
Suquamish Tribe
P.O. Box 498
Suquamish, Washington 98392
TEL: (360) 394-8459
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Web Site: https://suquamish.nsn.us/ Visit disclaimer page
Mr. Marlo Quintasket
Program Manager
Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
17337 Reservation Road
La Conner, Washington 98257
TEL: (360) 466-7319
FAX: (360) 466-1632
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Ms. Linda M. Walker
LIHEAP Program Manager
Confederated Tribes and Bands
of the Yakama Indian Nation
P. O. Box 151
Toppenish, Washington 98948
TEL: (509) 865-5121, Ext. 4536
FAX: (509) 865-7723
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Wyoming
Ms. Ricki Trosper
Director
Department of Social Services
Northern Arapaho Nation
P.O. Box 967
Fort Washakie, Wyoming 82514
TEL: (307) 332-6228, Ext. 139
FAX: (307) 856-8860
E-MAIL: [email protected].
Ms. Patricia Eagle
LIHEAP Coordinator
Eastern Shoshone Golden Pathways
Shoshone Tribe of Wind River Reservation
P.O. Box 632
Ft Washakie, Wyoming 82514
TEL: (307) 332-8052
FAX: (307) 332-2102
E-MAIL: [email protected]
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Want to look great in photos? It’s all about the posture! » BigPicture.
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Many of us would like to get better in the photo, but complain about their “non-photogenic”. Luckily, celebrity photographer John Godwin from London shared the secrets of perfect photos. All you need to do is to study the features of your face shape, the pros and cons, and take into account the lighting when shooting. How you can “revive” the cheekbones, how to hide a double chin or visually lengthen the face – read in our material.
Every cell phone has a camera these days, and almost every day many of us take selfies or pose for friends. At the same time, some women look great in all the photos, while others just hate to be photographed, they don’t like how they turn out in the pictures.
But what if there was an easy way to look photogenic?
John Godwin specializes in celebrities.
“The key to a perfect photo is knowing how to pose correctly, and the right pose depends on the shape of your face,” he says.
Of course, all celebrities know their strengths and use the advantages of the face during filming.
So, the first thing to do is to find the “working side” of your face. One side of each person’s face usually looks better than the other in photographs. Turn slightly to the left, take a photo, then turn to the right and you will see which side of your face looks best in the pictures. It is the “working side” of the face that should be closer to the camera during shooting.
Then lighting. When your face is bathed in light, small imperfections, such as wrinkles, will be less visible in the photo. It is best if the light source is behind the camera, with the photographer positioned between you and the sun or other main light source.
Now it’s time to take a look at specific models. All of them are ordinary women with different face shapes.
REF: Jemma Prittie, 42, lives in north London and owns a travel company.
“I used to avoid photographers and I was terrible at selfies. I even canceled a corporate photo shoot this year. And now I would walk all day with my head bowed like that. I really like this angle.”
For the photo, Gemma slightly turned to the camera with the “working side” of her face and tilted her head. Thus, the shape of the face resembles a rhombus rather than a square.
DO YOU KNOW YOURSELF? Your forehead, cheekbones and jaw are about the same width, and the shape of your face is more square than elongated.
NO: No frontal photos, especially with a raised chin, as this angle emphasizes the square shape.
YES: When posing, try to avoid square shapes – not only in facial expression, but also in body position. Turn around a little with the “working side” of your face and tilt your head a couple of centimeters down. Smile, and the cheeks will rise, and the shape of the face will become visually rounded.
REF: Janice Bryant, 59years, lives in Cambridgeshire. Before retiring, Janice worked as a business analyst.
“Great photo! Plus, looking directly at the camera is very easy. ”
DO YOU KNOW YOURSELF? Pointed chin, your forehead is the widest part of your face.
NO: No need to turn your head and look down, the line of the cheekbones is blurred and gives the impression of a weak chin. But a face of this shape looks great in full-face photographs.
YES: Smile and look straight ahead and slightly up. The cheeks will rise, the chin line will become clear.
REF: Yasmin Pascoe, 31, lives in Essex with her husband and five children.
“I took 30 selfies until I got a good photo. From this angle, my forehead looks much smaller, it’s amazing!
DO YOU KNOW YOURSELF? Your forehead, cheekbones and jaw are about the same width, the shape of the face is elongated.
NO: Don’t look directly at the camera to avoid eye focus. Never lower your chin, this will unnecessarily emphasize the elongated shape of the face.
YES: Move your body slightly away from the camera to show your “work side”, then tilt your head back a little. Finally, tilt your head slightly so that your jaw is “looking” into the lens. “This angle will sharpen the jawline and make the forehead look smaller,” John adds.
REF: Makeup artist Lora Mua, 32, lives in Swansea with her husband and son.
“I never thought that a slight tilt of my head could hide the round shape of my face,” says Laura.
DO YOU KNOW YOURSELF? The length and width of your face are about the same. You look bigger in the photos than in real life.
NO: Don’t raise your head, this will hide the jaw line. “The tip of the chin is the point that compensates for the roundness of the face,” says John.
YES: Tilt your head a little, show your “working side”, slightly lower your cheek to create an effect of some “angularity”. Smiling with a slightly open mouth will add length to the shape of your face, and playing with proportions will make you visually slimmer.
See also:
7 ways to look flawless in the photo for girls with curves,
Being your own photographer: 18 simple life hacks that will make you a god of photography
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The author of “Frankenstein”: how Mary Shelley tried to find her place in literature
During her lifetime, Mary Shelley was not considered a writer: as a woman, she published her works under a pseudonym. However, she managed to create a character without which it is impossible to imagine modern pop culture – Frankenstein
Portrait of Mary Shelley (1797-1851) (Photo by Wikipedia)
In the spring of 1818, the novel Frankenstein, or the modern Prometheus, was anonymously published in England. He quickly attracted the attention of the reading public. The author was the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, who wrote the preface to the main text. In 1831, a revised edition was published with the author’s name on the cover. It turned out to be Mary Shelley. All her life she lived in the shadow of her father, husband and friends, forced to sign the works “the author of” Frankenstein “
Meeting at the Villa Diodati
The summer of 1816 on Lake Geneva turned out to be rainy. Visiting Lord Byron at the Villa Diodati, the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, his beloved Mary Wollstonecraft-Godwin, half-sister Mary Clare Clairmont, Dr. John Polidori, and Byron himself spent the cloudy days talking and reading. In mid-June, the company gathered around the fireplace to read a French translation of a German ghost book, and Byron suggested that each of those present make up a horror story.
Shelley, having begun the story, quickly lost interest in it, Byron the next day read the beginning of his text, but also did not continue it, Polidori had “some terrible idea about a woman with a skull head, who was so punished for that she was peeping through the keyhole. ” Mary Wollstonecraft-Godwin thought about her story for a long time: she wanted to write one that “would speak of the mysterious fears of our nature and awaken an exciting horror”, “so that the reader is afraid to look around, so that the blood freezes and the heart beats faster.”
Villa Diodati, where Byron, Shelley, his wife Mary and J. Polidori lived in 1816 (Photo Wikipedia)
After an evening discussion about galvanism and the experiments of Erasmus Darwin (he tried to breathe life into inanimate substances), Mary Wollstonecraft-Godwin went to bed. She plunged into a strange half-asleep slumber and saw in a dream a “pale adept of the secret sciences” kneeling before his ugly offspring – a monster assembled from different parts. Coming down to breakfast the next morning, Mary announced that she had written a novel. She was only 19 thenyears.
In two years, the young writer will release one of the most famous novels in history. “Frankenstein” will be the first book in a fundamentally new genre – sci-fi horror.
Daughter of a feminist and anarchist
Mary Shelley’s biography could be summarized in two lines from the poem “Bluestocking Holidays” by the poet Leigh Hunt: And Shelley, fourfam’d, – for her parents, her lord, / And the poor lone impossible monster abhorr’d (“And Shelley, four times glorious – parents, husband and poor lonely monster, disgusting”).
The writer did not name the monster created by Frankenstein. She also published her novel anonymously. Her name is the same assembly of different parts, like a monster from a book. Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin Shelley – her mother’s surname, sewn onto her father’s surname, later replaced by her husband’s surname. Mary has long been only a shadow of other people.
She was born on August 30, 1797 in London to the famous feminist Mary Wollstonecraft and the philosopher William Godwin. The girl’s parents were more than extraordinary. Mary at 1792 year published the book “In Defense of Women’s Rights”, one of the earliest feminist works in history. In it, she advocated that women should at least be educated on an equal footing with men. William, who wrote the book “A Study in Political Justice”, where he proposed to fight the state, became one of the founders of anarchism and liberal philosophy. They met at a party in London, they immediately did not like each other: being the smartest people in the room, Mary and William argued the whole evening, disagreeing on nothing. The confrontation grew over time into a passionate love. Godwin read Wollstonecraft’s books and wrote that he fell in love with her genius and melancholy.
Both of Mary’s parents, progressive, freedom-loving, somewhat radical, did not want to tie the knot. In the philosophical treatise Political Justice, Godwin wrote that marriage is the worst of monopolies and advocated the abolition of this very institution. But for his beloved and his daughter, he decided to make an exception.
Mary’s mother died eleven days after giving birth due to an intrauterine infection. William Godwin, to cope with the loss, sat down to sort through his wife’s papers and work on a work dedicated to her. Published January 1798 years old book “Memoirs about the author of” Defense of the Rights of Woman “is a delicate, fact-based and written without any hesitation and self-pity work about the life and fate of Mary Wollstonecraft. Godwin candidly described her romances and loves with other men, two suicide attempts, views. He wanted to immortalize not only the woman he loved, but first of all “a man of outstanding merit.”
Their daughter grew up as an inquisitive, daring child with a very good imagination. Her childhood was spent in her father’s house, on the street with the exotic name “Killer Street”. Godwin adored his daughter, called her “dear little Mary”, taught her to read and write, gladly introduced her to guests, took her on excursions. The writer recalled: “As a child, I wrote, and my favorite pastime during the hours allotted for rest was writing stories.” In 1808, in the Juvenile Library series, Godwin published Mary’s adaptation of the popular joke song Mounseer Nongtongpaw.
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Society of Poets
At fifteen, Mary met the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley. He was twenty, married, handsome, and expelled from Oxford for atheism. In William Godwin, he saw his mentor, came to his house almost every day, but eventually lost interest in the philosopher, because he turned his attention to his daughter. One of Percy’s friends, the poet Thomas Peacock, recalled: “In no book, whether a novel or a historical study, have I ever met a more sudden, stormy, indomitable passion than that which Shelley was seized by.” Percy and Mary walked, read together, lying on the grave of Mary’s mother, the poet dedicated poems to the girl: “Look, look – do not look away! Read the love in my lovers’ eyes. ”
Portrait of Percy Bysshe Shelley, 1819 (Photo by Wikipedia)
Godwin, generally in favor of free relations, was again unable to confirm philosophical theories with practice. He did not want his glorious, very young Mary to connect her life with a married, unreliable Shelley. But the disapproval of their father did not stop the lovers: Percy and Mary fled to Europe.
Remembering her years with Percy, Mary wrote in her diary on December 19, 1822: “France – Poverty – a few days of solitude and some anxiety – Quiet residence in a beautiful place – Switzerland – Bath – Marlow – Milan-Lucca-Este-Venice -Rome-Naples-Rome and poverty-Livorno-Florence – These are chapters, each of which contains a fairy tale, romance above romance. They lived without money, constantly moving from place to place. Percy could not get a divorce, his legal wife was expecting a child. Mary became pregnant and in 1815 lost her and Percy’s daughter. Shortly after this loss, Mary recorded a dream that may have influenced the plot of Frankenstein: “I dreamed that my little child came to life again – that he was only cold and that we rubbed him in front of a fire and he survived. ”
If anyone else was the inspiration for the image of Victor Frankenstein, it was Lord Byron, who always followed his imagination and indulged his passions. In the spring of 1816, Byron, fleeing a scandal after a divorce, left England for Geneva, where he met Percy Shelley, Mary Godwin and Claire Clairmont. The moralizers called them the League of Incest.
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All My Friends Are Gone
Frankenstein, begun in the summer of 1816, was published eighteen months later by Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, and Jones in London. The main text was supplemented by a preface by Percy Shelley and a dedication to William Godwin. The publisher paid Mary only a third of the regular price, believing that the book would not pay off. But, contrary to expectations, Mary’s composition almost immediately became a sensation. “Everyone seems to know and read this,” said a friend of Percy Shelley. Sir Walter Scott wrote in an early review: “It seems to us that the author reveals the extraordinary powers of the poetic imagination.”
Lord Byron. Thomas Phillips (Photo Wikipedia)
Scott, like many readers, assumed that Percy Shelley was the author. His reputation influenced reviews that denounced the book as immoral. John Crocker, a Conservative MP, called “Frankenstein” “a fabric of terrible and revolting absurdity.”
Mary wrote: “I owe my husband not a single episode, perhaps not even a single thought of this story” – although this was probably not entirely true. And the conversations of Shelley and Byron, and the very mystical atmosphere of Villa Diodati, and Shelley’s passion for natural sciences – all this influenced the creation of “Frankenstein”. The poet at the same time when “Frankenstein” was written, said in verse: “The secrets of death will remain, there will be only us / Everything will remain, only our corpse, having cooled down, does not breathe. ”
It was no coincidence that Mary brought up the topic of creating a new creature without the participation of a woman. After the death of her daughter, she gave birth to a son, William, in 1816, but in 1819 he died of malaria. Daughter Clara Everina, born in 1817, died of dysentery the following year. Percy’s son Florence, born in 1819, survived, but in 1822 Mary miscarried during her fifth pregnancy and nearly died.
She was haunted by the deaths of friends and relatives. In 1816, her sister Fanny Godwin committed suicide, and a little later that year, Percy Shelley’s legal wife. Mary and Percy were then finally able to officially marry. Mary was worried about the unsuccessful birth and blamed her husband for the death of their children, Percy was constantly fascinated by other women.
In July 1822, Percy Shelley set out on a boat trip. His body washed ashore ten days later. The poet was identified by the volumes of Sophocles and Keats in his pockets. Shelley was cremated on the beach in the presence of Byron, his wife and other friends. The heart did not burn completely, Mary took his remains and kept them until her death. In 1824 Lord Byron died in Greece. Mary lamented in her diaries: “At twenty-six, I am in the state of an elderly person – all my old friends are gone … and my heart shrinks when I think about how little I have connections with the world …”
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Still from Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (Photo by DR)
The Last Man
Mary chose her loneliness and alienation from the world as the subject of a new novel she wrote eight years after Frankenstein. The Last Man, published in 1826, is set in the 21st century. After a terrible plague, only one person survives. In her apocalyptic novel, Mary tried to perpetuate the memory of Shelley and Byron: one of the heroes dies during a storm, the other dies in Constantinople.
Mary’s translations and essays were published anonymously, and only “the author of Frankenstein” was written on the covers of the novels. By 1848, Shelley began to suffer from what appeared to be the first symptoms of a brain tumor. The disease was not diagnosed until December 1850, when Mary began to have numbness in her right leg and impaired speech. Within a little over a month, she was almost completely paralyzed. The writer died in London on February 1, 1851, asking to be buried with her mother and father.
An obituary in The Literary Gazette arrogantly wrote that the main merit of the writer was not “Frankenstein”, but that she was the wife of her husband and daughter of her father, once again devaluing Mary’s own literary gift. Almost all of Shelley’s work was forgotten over time. Frankenstein, however, remains one of the most well-known, published, and frequently filmed books in history. Its protagonist, a monster created by scientist Victor Frankenstein, appears in a variety of novels with original plots, from early black-and-white films (such as Bride of Frankenstein 1935 years) before the comics. And in the works of science fiction writer Isaac Asimov, the “Frankenstein complex” is described – the fear of mechanical people.
In 2021, the first edition of the novel was bought at Christie’s for $1.17 million, a record amount for a book written by a woman.
LLC DENARI, Moscow (TIN 7709772419), details, extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, address, mail, website, telephone, financial indicators
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Company LLC DENARI, address: Moscow, per. Drovyanoy B., d. 21/12 was registered on 12/24/2007. The organization was assigned TIN 7709772419, PSRN 1077764493212, KPP 770
1. The main activity is the production of computers and peripheral equipment, in total 22 types of activity are registered according to OKVED. There are no connections with other companies.
Number of co-owners (according to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities): 1, General Director – Barabolya Stanislav Aleksandrovich. The size of the authorized capital is 10,000 rubles.
DENARI LLC did not participate in tenders. There are no enforcement proceedings against the company. DENARI LLC did not participate in arbitration cases.
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7 unusual film productions of the Bard, from which the Globus Theater would go crazy – Afisha-Kino & Juliet with the wonderful Jessie Buckley and Josh O’Connor (Prince Charles in The Crown). Director Simon Godwin was going to put the play on stage, but the pandemic changed the concept of the play, which became a cinematic spectacle staged in an empty theater. Modern setting, diversity-casting and eternal text trembling with tenderness – such is Shakespeare in the 21st century, when he is not shredded by pretentious innovators who confuse form with content.
Afisha tells about non-traditional adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays for the screen.
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Caesar must die
Drama
Social experiment of the Taviani brothers
The Rebibbia maximum security prison in Rome has a theater studio. In the new “season” they put “Julius Caesar”. Show casting, then rehearsals. Caesar walks behind the bars, wrapped in a sheet over a tracksuit. The crazy bum calls out to him “Cesare, Cesare!” in their native Neapolitan dialect. He is trying to warn about something, but why be afraid of a noble don surrounded by faithful boys? Next up are the knives. When everyone disperses to their cells, they will take away Caesar, Brutus, betrayal and murder with them: everyone managed to experience something similar. The Taviani brothers (eighty-something years old, neo-realistic traditions, one gold at Cannes), having made this semi-documentary film, set up an experiment. Not over real prison inmates, wondering if the magic power of art will ennoble them. Above us. The guys look us in the eyes from the screen. The inscriptions under these honest, soulful faces read: “Seventeen years for drugs … Twenty-six for murder … Life for belonging to the mafia …” Well, how about slapping them in the finale?
More about the film
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About
Drama
Columbine’s ominous omen based on “Othello”
Quiet Hugo (Josh Hartnett) watches him with a heavy gaze as Odin (Mechs Phyferet) climbed out of the parento college baseball team, collects the laurels after every game, touches the coach (Martin Sheen) and meets the beautiful Daisy (Julia Stiles). To get a competitor out of the way, and for reasons, apparently, of psychopathy, Hugo begins to suggest to Odin that Daisy is cheating on him. Everyone knows the other teen version of Shakespeare with Stiles, 10 Things I Hate About The Taming of the Shrew, where there was really nothing good except Heath Ledger, because Ledger is basically good. Whether this is an assertive variation on the theme of Othello, which tells in a new way everything that the play is written about: racism, misogyny and the irrational origin of jealousy, in which it is pointless to dissuade. The massacre ending was so convincing that the film’s release was even delayed by two years. Just before the premiere, two quiet schoolchildren went to shoot their classmates. Let some fool say that Shakespeare is outdated.
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Richard III
Screen adaptation, Drama
Ian McKellen in the Third Reich
Today, modernized productions of Shakespeare will not surprise anyone, but in the theater of Richard III, the Australian actress Mali managed to play with the hunchback Kate. But in 1995, Ian McKellen had to scramble to find the budget for his scripted production, which set the play in an alternate 1930s Britain. His Richard with a Hitler mustache appears where fascism already exists. In the prison where King Edward (John Wood) sends his brother Clarence (Nigel Hawthorne), a naked prisoner is driven down the corridor – as if “under the shower” in the gas chamber. These flowers of evil did not bloom out of nowhere, Richard only fertilized and watered them. The film is campy in a good way, especially when McKellen almost winks at the camera, sharing with the viewer how easy it is to seduce, buy and fool everyone, when every second person is glad to be deceived. After his deliberately clownish performance, which only a great actor can afford, other versions of Richard are difficult, it seems that others are trying too hard. And McKellen, on whom the Nazi uniform sits like a glove, effortlessly shows what the banality of evil looks like.
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All night long
Drama
The first black Othello on the screen
The cream of the London jazz scene gathers at the producer’s (Richard Attenborough) party. Champagne pineapples, menthol smoke, fresh gossip. Renowned musician Rex (Paul Harris) arrives with his wife, Delia (Martin Stevens), a former singer who quit her career after marriage. Drummer Johnny (Patrick McGoohan from the greatest series of all time, The Prisoner) wants her back on stage and singing in his band. To break up her relationship with her husband, Johnny whispers to Rex that Delia is having an affair with his manager Cass (Keith Mitchell). If modern liberals knew this connection between neo-noir and Shakespeare, their hearts would break in two. Sexism from modernization came out worse than in the 16th century: not only does the local Desdemona choose marriage over a career, she also stays with her husband after he tries to strangle her. On the other hand, in the sixties, when Othello played exclusively blackface, the authors plucked up the courage to invite a black artist. There are smarter noirs in the world, but the event is revolutionary, and here every frame is packed with guest musical geniuses: you look through a glass of champagne into the corner, and there Dave Brubeck sat down at the piano.
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Titus
Drama, Military
Bloody phantasmagoria with Anthony Hopkins
The victorious Roman general Titus Andronicus (Anthony Hopkins) returns from yet another successful campaign. Among the trophies are the Goth Queen Tamora (Jessica Lange) and her three sons. The elder Titus is sacrificed as compensation for his own dead sons (he has many of them, but it’s still a pity). In response to his mother’s pleas and tears, Titus responds with something like: “Madame, don’t worry, you’ll have two more left.” Titus opens the account, Tamora will answer him, and so on, until there are so many corpses and severed limbs that the most bloodthirsty fans of grand guignol will be satisfied. In this theater of cruelty, Julie Taymor (Frida, Across the Universe and another adaptation of Shakespeare’s The Tempest) is thriving with her directorial debut. Includes industrial and foxtrot. Dress up characters in togas and jackets at the same time. Paints the Emperor (Alan Cumming) as Klaus Nomi. Hopkins heroically fights against the colorful madhouse, playing to the last in an academic manner, but only Harry Lennix supports him in the role of a villain for no reason, from which Shakespeare will eventually grow Iago. In the finale, the viewer will need all the nerves that remain from the previous two and a half hours of good old-fashioned ultra-violence. And then you can calm them down with something soothing. Caligula, for example.
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Much Ado About Nothing
Comedy, Romance, Screen adaptation
Party at Joss Whedon’s house
Resting from the work of the righteous in the service of Marvel, Joss Whedon invited his other favorite actors to visit him projects and shot a nice black-and-white version of Shakespeare’s comedy in two weeks. The original text is presented with minimal cuts, from all the innovation – several minor male roles are given to women. But the production turned out to be fresh thanks to the many details of modern life. Relaxed people hang out by the pool, carry pistols instead of swords, and in general the film looks like an indie rom-com with funny picks from Beatrice (Amy Acker) and Benedict (Alexis Denisof), the traditional protagonists of the play. But the donkey bailiff is best remembered, played with apparent pleasure by Nathan Fillion. It seems that this is the Firefly star’s real hobby: portraying the most ridiculous and comical characters wherever he does not conquer the sky.
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Coriolanus
Historical, Thriller, Drama
Ralph Fiennes’ directorial debut close to a masterpiece
The character of a valiant military leader, who was kicked out of his childhood by his ungrateful compatriots Faydil Riemans, Lief Riemans. And this is evident from his film: it is set in the tempo of obsession, like an ever faster pounding pulse. The war is filmed with documentary realism, we can see reports from these fronts in the news. At the same time, Fiennes avoided the trap of brutal cinema: violent action scenes work only as a link between real events – the inner life of the characters and political intrigues. Everyone speaks in whispers, from Coriolanus, played by Fiennes with devilish fire in his eyes, to his nemesis Aufidias (Gerard Butler in his best role). Mom Coriolanus (Vanessa Redgrave) quietly asks her son to go into politics. A friend of Coriolanus (Brian Cox) quietly commits suicide on a river bank when he discovers that an enraged Coriolanus intends to raze Rome to the ground with tanks. The leader of the Senate (the amazing South African John Kani) calls on the crowd to calm down. Only the crowd yells, changeable as the wind; even from “Caesar” it was clear that the masses of Shakespeare were somehow not very good. Of all the homoerotic Shakespearean plays, this one is perhaps the most impassioned. By his own admission, Fiennes didn’t let it down: Coriolanus and Aufidius play out a story of erotic attraction turned into slaughter by notorious toxic masculinity. If we had gone to bed, Rome would have been more whole.
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This is an opportunity to tell a multi-million audience about it and increase attendance St. Dunstan-on-the-West at Fleet Street in the City of London. It is dedicated to Dunstan, Bishop of London and Archbishop of Canterbury. The church is of medieval origin, although the current building with an octagonal nave was built in the 1830s and designed by John Shaw.
Content
- 1 History
- 1.1 Medieval Church
- 1.2 Restoration
- 1.3 Twentieth century
- Clock
- 3 STARIS 3 STARIS and MOSTIONS
- 4 Romanian Orthodox chapel
- 5 Associations
- 6 In the popular culture
- 7 See also
- 8 Recommendations
- 9 External link
The MENACHTERY CTALITY ON watch is visible.
The church was founded between 988 and 1070 AD. There is a possibility that the church on this site was one of the Lundenwic church settlements on the banks of St Martin in the Fields, the first St Mary-le-Strand, St Clement Danes and St Bride’s, which may predate any within the walls of the city. It is not known exactly when the original church was built, but it may have been erected by Dunstan himself or by priests who knew him well. It was first mentioned in written sources in 1185. [2] King Henry III took possession of it and his donations from Westminster Abbey by 1237 and then granted these and Advowson to the Domus Conversorum (“House of Converts”, i.e. Converted Jews), which led to neglect his local duties.
William Tyndale, famous translator of the Bible, was a lecturer at the church; the poet John Donne was at one time a curate and preached sermons. Samuel Pepys mentions the church in his diary. [3] The church narrowly escaped the Great Fire of London in 1666. The Dean of Westminster gathered 40 scholars from Westminster School in the middle of the night, who formed a fire brigade that put out the flames with buckets of water; the flames reached a point in three doors.
The medieval church underwent many changes before being demolished in the early 19th century. Small shops were built near its walls, and the churchyard of St. Dunstan became the center of bookselling and publishing. [4] Later renovations were carried out in the Italian style, using rusticated stonework and replacing some of the Gothic windows with round ones, resulting in George Godwin being called “the most heterogeneous appearance”. [4] The church’s old vaulted roof was replaced in 1701 with a flat ceiling decorated with recessed panels. [4]
The Reverent Company of Cordwainers has been associated with the church since the 15th century. The company holds an annual memorial service for two of its benefactors, John Fisher and Richard Minge; Traditionally, after the service, the children were given a penny for each run through the church.
Restoration
St. Dunstan-on-the-West (2013)
At the beginning of the 19th century, the medieval church of St. Dunstan was moved to allow the expansion of Flotskaya Street, and a new church was built on his burial ground. An Act of Parliament was obtained in July 1829year, which authorized the demolition of the church, and trustees were appointed to put it into effect. [5] Auctions of some materials from the old church took place in December 1829 and September 1830. The foundation stone of the new building, designed by John Shaw, Sr. (1776–1832), was laid in July 1831, and construction proceeded fast. In August 1832 the last part of the old church, which had remained as a screen between Fleet Street and the new building, was removed. [4]
Shaw solved the problem of limited space by designing a church with an octagonal central space. Seven of the eight sides open into arched recesses, in the northern part there is an altar. The eighth side opens into a short corridor leading under the organ to the lowest step of the tower, which serves as the entrance porch. Above the niches, Shaw designed a skylight, and above it, a tongue-and-groove ceiling. The tower is square in plan, with an octagonal lantern reminiscent of the towers of St. Botolph’s Church, Boston, and St. Helens, York. George Godwin suggested that the shape of the lantern might have been immediately inspired by that of St George’s Church, Ramsgate (where Shaw was the architect of the docks), built in 1825 and designed by H. E. Kendall. [4] John Shaw Sr. died in 1833 before the church was completed, leaving it in the hands of his son. John Shaw Jr. (1803–1870).
Interior of St. Dunstan-in-the-West
The communion rail survived from the old church hewn by Grinling Gibbons during the period when John Donne served as curate (1624–1631). Some of the monuments of the medieval building were restored in the new church, and a fragment of the old cemetery remained between the Clifford Inn and the Bream Buildings. [6]
Twentieth century
Not only did the church lose its stained glass windows, but it survived the London Blitz largely intact, although the bombs did damage the tracery lantern tower. [7] The church was damaged again on 24/25 March 1944 during Operation Steinbock, a less intense attack on London at the end of the war. [8] The building was extensively restored in 1950. An appeal to raise money to install a new bell in the tower to replace those removed in 1969year, was successfully completed in 2012, when 10 new bells were installed and hung out. [9]
The church was awarded the 1st degree. listed building January 4, 1950 [10]
Clock
Clock dated 1671.
On the facade there are chimes with figures of giants, possibly representing Gog and Magog, who strike the bells with clubs. It was placed on top of the previous church in 1671, possibly in honor of its salvation from destruction. Great fire of 1666. It was the first public clock in London with a minute hand. The figures of two giants strike the hours and quarters and turn their heads. There are numerous literary references to watches, including in Thomas Hughes’ Tom Brown’s school years , Oliver Goldsmith c Vicar of Wakefield ; Nicholas Nickleby, Hours of Master Humphrey and Barnaby Rudge to Charles Dickens, Caretaker to Anthony Trollope, the terrible penny serial Thread of Pearl (in which the character Sweeney Todd first appears), David Liddal “Prompter” (1810), [11] and a poem by William Cowper.
In 1828, when the medieval church was demolished, the clock was removed by an art collector. Francis Seymour-Conway, 3rd Marquess of Hertford, to Winfield House, his mansion in Regent’s Park, which became known as St Dunstan’s. During World War I, Winfield House was rented out as a hostel for blinded soldiers, and the new charity was named St Dunstan’s. [12]
Clock returned by Harold Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere (brother Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe) in 1935 Silver Jubilee of King George V.
Statues and Monuments
Monument to Press Baron Lord002ff3 9002ff3 Above the entrance to the old parish school is a statue of Queen Elizabeth I taken from the old Ludgate, which was demolished in 1760. This statue by William Kerwin, dating from 1586, is a contemporary of its subject matter and is believed to be the oldest outdoor statue in London. [ citation needed ] Gwen Jones and her sister Winifred worked with suffragettes Millicent and Agnes Fawcett to pay for repairs to a statue of Elizabeth I in London’s St Dunstan-in-the-West. On the porch below are three statues of ancient Britons also from the gate, probably meant to represent King Lud and his two sons.
Next to Queen Elizabeth is a statue of Lord Northcliffe, newspaper owner, co-founder of Daily Mail and Daily Mirror . The obelisk, opened in 1930, was designed by Edwin Lutyens and had a bronze bust of Kathleen Scott. Next to Lord Northcliffe is a plaque to James Louis Garvin, another pioneering British journalist.
Next to the font there is a bronze plaque to Thomas Mudge (1715/16–1794), inventor of the lever escapement and watchmaker George III. The tablet was made and engraved by renowned sundial maker, hand engraver and sculptor Joanna Midgal. Commissioned by the Pious Watchmakers Society, and installed in March 2019of the year.
Behind the iconostasis to the left of the church, high on the wall, is a marble plaque to the famous seventeenth-century watchmaker Henry Jones (1634–1695), who worked in the Inner Temple, and his wife Hannah, who continued her business after his death. Jones was a student of Edward East.
Romanian Orthodox Chapel
St. Dunstan-in-the-West, Fleet Street
St. Dunstan-in-the-West is one of the churches in England to share its building with the Romanian Orthodox community (George’s Church). The chapel to the left of the main altar is a closed iconostasis, formerly from Antim Monastery in Bucharest, dedicated in 1966 year. [13]
Noted associations
The church has associations with many famous people:
- Lord Baltimore, who founded Maryland, was buried here in 1632; like his son.
- Matthew Bryan, Jacobite Preacher, was buried here in 1699.
- The famous London watchmaker and watchmaker Charles Gretton was warden of the church and was buried there in 1731.
- Diary Samuel Pepys was a regular fan.
- Edward Latimer was a parishioner and after his death in 1627 was buried in the south aisle.
- John Calvert, Master Pious Turner Society, an outstanding ivory carver of the early 19th century.
- The poet John Donne held a benefit performance here from 1624 to 1631, when he was dean of St Paul’s.
- William Tyndale, who first translated the Bible into English, was a lecturer.
- Isaac Walton was a supporter of Here. [14]
- Thomas Mudge W 179In the year 4, an outstanding watchmaker was buried here.
The church has often been associated with the legend of Sweeney Todd, the demon barber of Fleet Street. [ citation needed ] This is most likely due to the fact that it is mentioned in the original the terrible penny String of Pearls as a church with a crypt into which the remains of Sweeney Todd’s victims were unceremoniously dumped after they were killed and turned into meat pies.
In popular culture
St. Dunstan-on-the-West appeared as the “church of journalists” in the 2018 TV series 9 “Resonance” – via www.imdb.com.
external link
- St Dunstan on the west site
- City of London Church Bells – St Dunstan on the west
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Net win
We are so used to online memes that we no longer think about the fact that, in general, memes on the Internet do not need. But does everyone remember how it all began? How did memes move from local imageboards to the global network? We suggest recalling the first online communities in the West, the most ancient Internet meme, the features of early cyberculture and the evil Bert from Sesame Street.
An Internet meme in the usual sense is consistent with the second definition of a meme from the Oxford Dictionary: “A meme is a picture, video, piece of text, usually humorous in nature, which is copied and quickly distributed by Internet users.”
As we mentioned earlier in one of our texts, Internet memes were first mentioned in this sense in 1996, in a collection of articles by scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, edited by Peter Ludlow, High Noon of the Electronic Frontier. Conceptual problems of cyberspace”.
In “Losing Your Voice Online”, James DiGiovanna defines Internet memes as “snippets of conversation” that display a common phrase or idea that is released and begins to work in its own way in many discourses.
According to DiGiovanna, the entire Internet is essentially a collection of memes, just as a letter or speech can be viewed as a collection of rhetorical expressions.
The cradle of meme civilization
The Usenet community, part of the wider NSFNet (National Science Foundation Network), a network created to exchange information between research centers and universities, became a kind of cradle for memes.
It was not yet the modern Internet with sites connected to the global network – it was more like a forum or a mailing list, and instead of the usual Internet browsers, special software was used, for each community – its own.
Accordingly, each community has adopted its own rules of network etiquette – “netiquette”.
The very first Internet meme, many consider the famous “Godwin’s Law” (Godwin’s Law). Mike Godwin expressed his observation regarding one of the basic properties of Internet communication on the Usenet network already in 1990 year.
It is formulated as follows: “As the Usenet discussion grows, the probability of a comparison that mentions Nazism or Hitler tends to one.” That is, the hotter and more active the dispute on the Internet becomes, the more likely it is that one of the opponents will compare his interlocutor with the Nazis or immediately with Hitler.
According to a later interpretation of this “law”, comparing an opponent in an Internet discussion with Hitler means capitulating for lack of more weighty arguments. On Usenet, a discussion was considered automatically closed if representatives of one of the parties began to call their opponents Nazis.
“Oh, so you’re a vegetarian? Hitler was also a vegetarian”
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The logic trick reductio at Hitlerum/Nazium is still an example of bad taste on the global Internet.
Kibo from Usenet
Another Internet meme that originated in the early days of cyberculture was Kibo and related Internet phenomena kibology and kibozing.
These memes are notable for the fact that their author, Usenet user James Parry, known under the pseudonym Kibo, did not get lost behind them.
Parry became famous for his online behavior: he searched Usenet for references and expressions containing the fragment -kibo- , and responded to them in an eccentric manner.
Thus, the English-language Wikipedia gives a typical example of his reaction to someone else’s entry dated March 6, 1992 (in our translation into Russian):
User Mary Rose Campbell:
“At Carnegie Melonne, in the center of Skibo (we have it instead of the student body), there is something called the Gray Matter. This is a whole bunch of structures, walls, holes, steps, covered with the same dark gray carpet as the floor. It looks like a giant cat toy.”
“Actually, this is a life-size model of S. Kibo himself, my great-great-great-uncle. This is how it was before it evolved from a giant metazoan amoeba a few eras ago. Now he’s a trilobite.” — K.
The very practice of such responses became known as kibozing (literally, kibozing). Parry once admitted that all the “kibbling” he did personally was equivalent in volume to 100 books.
This is how Kibo played on the cumbersome signatures of the first netizens: “My name is short because it has only four letters”
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Around 1989, based on “cybology”, Parry created “cybology” – a parody religion with henchmen – “cybologists” or “cyboses”, who were mainly engaged in satirizing Usenet newsgroups of prominent phenomena of pop and Internet culture that time.
In addition, in 1992, Parry created the “Happy Internet Proclamation”, where, calling himself the near-divine and wise Leader Kibo, he called for uniting all existing resources into one glorious “happinet” where all people would communicate, and organized a pseudo-campaign to running for president of the United States.
Another early usenet meme is Eternal September. The history of its appearance is as follows.
Because Usenet was designed to communicate between universities, each year, netizens noted the September influx of new “usenetters” made up mostly of first-year students. The simultaneous appearance of a large number of new users sharply reduced the level of discussions and the culture of behavior on the network, “netiquet”.
After some time, new users mastered the rules established in the network, and the level of communication returned to the original level.
But in 1993, AOL began to offer Usenet access to more users, without bothering to explain to the recipients of the existing rules of “netiquet”, and that all discussions on Usenet are independent and separate discussions, and not a form of service provider .
Thus, since 1993, Usenet has come, according to the apt expression of the user Dave Fisher, “eternal September” – an irreversible decline in the level and quality of communication on the network.
Modern version of the warning: “Be strong! Eternal September is near.
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Until now, the current state of all Internet communication is sometimes called “eternal September”, which is somewhat difficult to disagree with.
Flying toasters and dancing babies
Many of the objects that became memes in the early days of the World Wide Web were created not to make anyone laugh, but rather to demonstrate the capabilities of computers themselves, products or their developers.
For example, in 1989 Berkeley Systems introduced After Dark, a screensaver for the Apple II, which was also released for Microsoft Windows in 1991.
Among the screensavers with characters from Star Trek, the Marvel universe and Disney, the screensaver with flying toasters stood out very much. The idea for the screensaver came to engineer Jack Eastman during a late-night work after he saw a toaster in the kitchen and thought of adding wings to it.
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The winged toaster screensaver went viral among netizens. Later, the Flying Toaster Pro screensaver series was released, where you could choose Richard Wagner’s Ride of the Valkyries or the flying toaster anthem with an optional karaoke line as the musical accompaniment.
The popularity of these screensavers was such that Eastman subsequently went through two copyright infringement lawsuits, including a lawsuit against Jefferson Airplane.
Another of the earliest and most widely known memes on the Internet was the “Dancing Baby” (also known as Baby Cha-Cha), which was a 3D model of a dancing baby to a fragment of the track “Hooked On a Feeling”.
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Originally created for Viewpoint Datalab’s 3D model bank, this model was released in 1996 as a demonstration of the Character Studio tools in 3D Max Studio.
After the animation video was overlaid with music, it began to spread through e-mail and the Internet.
The “dancing baby” as a phenomenon of the “early” Internet was talked about in the media. The New York Times and CNN tried to make sense of a phenomenon new to the public – no Internet meme had ever gone beyond the Internet community before.
The popularity of the “dancing baby” was so high that it began to appear in various commercials and music videos, in parodies (for example, in the show Celebrity Deadmatch on MTv) and even in the television series Ally McBeal.
“Finish him!”
With the spread of personal computers and gaming devices came the boom of video games, which means that the emergence of Internet memes from the gaming world was only a matter of time.
First of all, we should mention Mortal Kombat, a cult arcade fighting game released in 1992. The game was developed for slot machines, but in 1993 it was adapted for several platforms at once, including Sega, Nintendo, Game Boy and MS-DOS.
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“Mortal Kombat” became popular not only because of the fantasy story with an oriental flavor, but also because of the unprecedented level of violence for that time. Also, the soundtrack for the game, and then the film, gained immense popularity.
The practice of “finishing” the enemy in various ways was called “fatality”, and after a while this word became part of the gaming slang, denoting a deadly technique in fighting games.
Such phrases from the game as “Finish Him!” (“Finish him!”) and “Flawless Victory” (“A clean victory”).
Subsequently, both memes will become even more viral and will be distributed not only among video game fans. But this will happen already at the beginning of the 2000s, when there will be pictures with inscriptions above and / or below (memes called image macros ), for example, with the inscription “Finish Him!” and fighting kittens.
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Mortal Kombat has made its way into the non-gaming media in the United States due to the widespread discussion of the acceptable level of violence in video games and the age limit for them – just like the shooter Doom.
Generation Doom
The protagonist of Doom is an unnamed space marine who fights demons on Mars, the Martian moons, and even Hell in order to ultimately save the Earth.
Doom was distinguished from other games of that time by a special fan community, which formed into an underground community, the center of which was fan-made additions to the game, created by hacking the game engine.
In addition, perhaps in no other video game were cheat codes that allowed players to bypass the rules so popular: in particular, the “God Mode” (God Mode), which was activated by pressing the IDDQD key combination and made the player invulnerable to enemies.
Many subsequent games (such as Heretic) play around with this cheat, with the difference that it is guaranteed to kill your character.
One of the first memes associated with this game was the phrase “Doom will do” (It Runs Doom). The expression meant that a game that had become extremely popular could be run on a specific device or platform.
The meme appeared after the Doom source code was released in 1997. This allowed fans to adapt the game for almost any device with a processor – “from the ZX Spectrum to the Porsche 9eleven”.
By the end of the 90s, the phrase became viral within the gaming community, and in the mid-2000s it began to spread over the Internet already in the form of jokes for a wider range of people (for example, as a video documentation of the launch of the game on an ATM, piano or toaster).
It was on the basis of Doom that the “speedrunning” genre appeared – passing the game levels in the shortest possible time. The history of the emergence of one of its modifications is associated with sad events.
In 1999, high school students Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold of Columbine High School in the United States attacked classmates, killed 13 people, and shot themselves. The crime shocked America and intensified the discussion about violence in video games.
The fact is that both attackers were engaged in Doom level design, and Eric Harris led a blog dedicated to this, which later began to transform into an online diary of a socially dangerous teenager. Before the attack, Harris wrote in a paper diary: “It’s going to be like the Los Angeles riots, the Oklahoma bombings, World War II, Vietnam, Duke Nukem and Doom combined.”
At that time, many phenomena of popular culture fell under the distribution: music (KMFDM, Rammstein, Marilyn Manson), cinema (Natural Born Killers, Apocalypse Now, Lost Highway, Pulp Fiction, The Basketball Diaries) and , of course, video games (in addition to the mentioned Mortal Kombat, Duke Nukem and Doom, Quake and Postal allegedly provoked the massacre at Harris and Klebold’s school).
It was probably in response to these accusations that in the same year, the user of the game, Andrew “Linguica” Stein, proposed a new type of “speedrunning” – “trolling”, that is, passing the game at the level of “Ultra-violence” (Ultra-Violence) with a mandatory refusal injure monsters on purpose or purposefully.
However, unlike speedrunning, it never became viral, but it is worth noting as an important phenomenon of gaming culture.
Another well-known Internet meme based on early games to this day was the phrase “All your base are belong to us” from the opening theme for the European release of Zero Wing for the Sega Mega Drive console.
In addition to being popularized outside of the gaming context, this phrase was one of the first viral examples of “ingrish” – English speech spoken by a person of Asian descent, as native English speakers usually imagine.
The phrase, along with a screenshot from the intro, began to be actively used by users of the Something Awful website in 1998, and in 2000, DJ and user of the Something Awful forum wrote a techno track using samples from the music from the Zero Wing game and the phrase “All your base are belong to us. ”
In 2001, a member of another forum made a video with this track and “phototoads” from the site Something Awful, which made the meme really viral.
Variation of American World War II poster urging not to talk: “The enemy will piece together the scraps of frivolous talk: All your base belongs to us” (original: “Convoy sails for Britain tonight”)
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The Universe of Photoshop
For the time being, “phototoads”, or photographs with elements of photomontage (often comically oriented), were used in contests-discussions on forums. Each of the participants in the competition had to publish a “photo-toad” on a topic given by the original photo.
Most contestants used Adobe Photoshop, but this was not a requirement. The competition was called “photoshop tennis”, “ping-pong” or “battle”.
Something Awful then introduced “Phototoad Friday” (Photoshop Phriday), in which users competed in the art of funny photo montage. The first “photo-together” competitions were distinguished by a high level of work with photographs, but then gradually the emphasis shifted to their comic component.
An illustrative example is a whole series of memes that appeared on the basis of “fotozhab”, under the general title “Bert Is Evil”. An indispensable participant in these memes was Bert – the character of the TV show for children “Sesame Street”.
In 1997, user Dino Ignacio created a parody website called Bert Is Evil. The site hosted “photo-toads” depicting Bert in the company of extremely controversial figures – Adolf Hitler, Saddam Huisen, Osama bin Laden.
In other jobs, Bert turned out to be a criminal himself – a Kennedy assassin, a Ku Klux Klansman, or a terrorist who detonated a bomb in Oklahoma City.
Bert in the Ku Klux Klan
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In 1998, Ignacio found himself unable to maintain such a highly visited resource. Then he suggested that other users make mirrors of the site and maintain them on their own.
In the same year, Dennis Pozniak made his Bert Is Evil mirror and continued to lead it in the same spirit. At the same time, a “photo-toad” was posted on the site with Bert and the little-known terrorist bin Laden at that time.
In 2001, after the events of 9/11, a Reuters photographer filmed a demonstration against bin Laden in Bangladesh. In the photo, one of the protesters, apparently not being familiar with the characters of Sesame Street, was holding a poster, including one depicting the same “photo frog” with Bert and Osama.
In a circle – Bert next to “terrorist number one”
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At the same time, Sesame Street representatives began to look for an opportunity to sue Dino Ignacio. Ignacio had to close a section of his site – he said he was doing this because everything turned out to be too close to reality. Later, Poznyak also closed his mirror, literally attacked by journalists from all over the world.
Delayed popularity
There are also examples of early memes that did not gain much popularity in the past, but subsequently became extremely popular.
It’s probably at least partly due to society’s nostalgia for content from the past: it’s both a way to rethink the past and an attempt to see what meanings the old will play in a new context (which often results in something especially funny).
This is, for example, the “Don’t Copy That Floppy” meme. In 1992, the Software Publishers Association (SPA) launched an anti-piracy campaign. SPA recorded a video clip with the participation of lawyer M.E. Hart, who acted as the fictional hip-hop artist MC Double Def DP with a rapping message.
This anti-piracy video, created to demonstrate to children and teenagers at school, did not evoke any special emotions at the time. In addition, the issue of observing copyright when replicating intellectual property on new media was not yet acute at that time.
In the mid-2000s, the video surfaced again, but already as a meme, because even in 2004 it was impossible to look at it without tears (from laughter, of course).
In principle, many of the Internet memes we have described smoothly cross the line of the nineties and flourish again in the 2000s, and even in the 2010s.
Watching the development of early memes, which are still popular today, you can see how the comic potential is building up.
At the very beginning, Internet memes (or, as they were then called in the media, Internet phenomena, “network things”) were more like insider stuff that acquired meanings as the frequency of use in various contexts increased.
But with the increase in the number of participants in the Internet community, the comic in Internet memes becomes more obvious, more understandable to the majority, and in some places even flatter.