Signal mountain elementary school: Uh oh. We’re very sorry.
Graduates remember Signal Mountain Elementary School
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October 23, 2022 at 8:43 p.m.
by
Mark Kennedy
Staff photo by Mark Kennedy. Former Signal Mountain Elementary School students met Oct. 14, 2022, to talk about a reunion. They are, from left, David Nason, Ken Holloway, Rita Smith Irvin, John C. Wynne, Karin Glendenning, Gary D. Beene and Anne Rhodes Hagood.
Some of our most durable memories are forged in elementary school.
If you grew up in the middle years of the 20th century, you are lucky if your first school is still standing.
Signal Mountain residents of a certain age are especially lucky, as the former Signal Mountain Elementary School on Kentucky Avenue lives on as an arts-focused community center.
The Mountain Arts Community Center, known as the MACC for short, is a charming stone structure with a castle-like entrance that served as a public elementary school from 1926 to 1999. At points, it housed as many as eight grades, other times as few as three.
One day earlier this month, a group of seven former Signal Mountain Elementary students, most now in their 70s and 80s, gathered to plan a reunion for next spring.
The seven couldn’t stop buzzing about the memories activated by being inside their old school building while sitting at a conference room table made from old chalkboards.
They remembered the sweet smell of rolls baking in the lunchroom, the aroma of newly refinished floors, the excitement of rides on a fire truck; but mostly they remembered one another and their childhood adventures.
Gary D. Beene, a retired salesman who attended Signal Mountain Elementary in the 1950s, is the driving force behind the reunion plans, a dinner and reception during a yet-to-be-determined weekend in May 2023.
“It’s our generation’s time,” said Beene, who added that he has talked to former Signal Mountain Elementary students from as far as Charlotte, North Carolina, Atlanta and Nashville who want to come to the reunion.
Beene said his family moved to Signal Mountain when he was in the third grade to help his mother’s asthma. He was later part of the first class of students at the then-new Signal Mountain Junior High School, and was in the room when the eagle was chosen as the school’s mascot, he recalls. (Signal Mountain didn’t gain its own high school until 2008.)
David Nason attended Signal Mountain Elementary in the 1950s and 1960s. His mother was a teacher there then, and he remembers playing on the playground, which included an intimidating metal slide.
“We pretty much lived over here,” Nason said of the school grounds. “There weren’t any rubber chips or anything at the bottom (of the slide). If you fell from there, you could die.”
Karin Glendenning remembers being cast as Gretel in “Hansel and Gretel” when she was in elementary school.
She also had a playground story to tell. When in the fourth grade, she fell off the “monkey bars” and hurt her arm.
“I remember looking down and seeing my broken arm,” she recalled. “It was at a strange angle, and my first thought was: ‘I don’t have to go to music lessons today.'”
Ken Holloway attended Signal Mountain in the early 1940s and remembers hearing people talk about the bombing of Pear Harbor while he was at school.
Some of his most vivid memories are of the school’s war-time lunchroom.
“We had potatoes and green beans and macaroni, and, once in a while, meatloaf,” Holloway said. “There wasn’t a whole lot of meat, this was war years.”
Rita Smith Irwin, whose family has lived in Signal Mountain for five generations, said her memories of attending the school through sixth grade focus on the quality of teaching there.
“We had teachers that were straight out of college,” Irwin said. “They gave us a wonderful education. The classrooms were relatively small by student-teacher ratio.
We were disciplined (at school) and we knew we would get disciplined again at home.”
John C. Wynne started at Signal Elementary in 1949 and remembers taking a field trip to watch the inauguration of President Dwight D. Eisenhower on television in 1953.
“Not many people had televisions then,” Wynne recalls. “We went over to a home off Fairmount Avenue, and they had a floor model television, and we watched the inauguration.”
Anne Rhodes Hagood, who attended the school in the 1950s, remembers the cafeteria workers in their crisp, white dresses. Each had a folded lace handkerchief pinned to her dress with a rhinestone broach, Hagood recalls.
“I remember the scent (of food) going through that cafeteria line and starving to death,” she recalled.
The group plans to have dinner catered in the old lunchroom for the reunion.
Someone has suggested they serve fresh-baked rolls for old times’ sake.
“Life Stories” is published on Mondays. Contact Mark Kennedy at mkennedy@timesfreepress.
com or 423-757-6645. Follow him on Twitter @TFPcolumnist.
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Top 3 Best Signal Mountain, TN Public Elementary Schools (2023)
For the 2023 school year, there are 3 public elementary schools serving 2,489 students in Signal Mountain, TN. The top ranked public elementary schools in Signal Mountain, TN are Thrasher Elementary School, Nolan Elementary School and Signal Mountain Middle/high School. Overall testing rank is based on a school’s combined math and reading proficiency test score ranking.
Signal Mountain, TN public elementary schools have an average math proficiency score of 66% (versus the Tennessee public elementary school average of 29%), and reading proficiency score of 65% (versus the 28% statewide average). Elementary schools in Signal Mountain have an average ranking of 10/10, which is in the top 1% of Tennessee public elementary schools.
Minority enrollment is 12% of the student body (majority Hispanic), which is less than the Tennessee public elementary school average of 41% (majority Black).
Best Signal Mountain, TN Public Elementary Schools (2023)
School (Math and Reading Proficiency)
Location
Grades
Students
Rank: #11.
Thrasher Elementary School
Math: 91% | Reading: 77%
Rank:
Top 1%
Add to Compare
1301 James Blvd
Signal Mountain, TN 37377
(423) 886-0882
Grades: K-5
| 507 students
Rank: #22.
Nolan Elementary School
Math: 75% | Reading: 71%
Rank:
Top 5%
Add to Compare
4435 Shackleford Ridge Rd
Signal Mountain, TN 37377
(423) 886-0898
Grades: PK-5
| 668 students
Rank: #33.
Signal Mountain Middle/high School
Magnet School
Math: 51% | Reading: 56%
Rank:
Top 10%
Add to Compare
2650 Sam Powell Trl
Signal Mountain, TN 37377
(423) 886-0876
Grades: 6-12
| 1,314 students
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the top ranked public elementary schools in Signal Mountain, TN?
The top ranked public elementary schools in Signal Mountain, TN include Thrasher Elementary School, Nolan Elementary School and Signal Mountain Middle/high School.
Signal Mountain has one of the highest concentrations of top ranked public schools in Tennessee.
How many public elementary schools are located in Signal Mountain, TN?
3 public elementary schools are located in Signal Mountain, TN.
What is the racial composition of students in Signal Mountain, TN?
Signal Mountain, TN public elementary schools minority enrollment is 12% of the student body (majority Hispanic), which is less than the Tennessee public elementary schools average of 41% (majority Black).
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This blog post explores the advantages and disadvantages of the three cueing system and provides strategies for implementing it effectively.
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Read online “Rivers, seas, lakes, mountains of Russia. Primary School – Litres
© VAKO LLC, 2016, 2022, with changes
Foreword
Dear children!
Nature has such riches that cause admiration at the first acquaintance with them.
This is the beauty of the boundless expanses of the sea, the serene surface of the lake, majestic mountains with shining snowy peaks, mighty rivers with thundering rapids and waterfalls falling from heights…
Our country Russia occupies a vast territory stretching for thousands of kilometers, both from north to south, in different natural zones. Each of them – the arctic desert, tundra, taiga, forest zone, steppe, desert – surprises with its landscapes, climate, special flora and fauna, richness and diversity of natural resources.
Nature does not always dutifully reveal its secrets to travelers. But taking this dictionary in your hands, which will become your assistant and compass in the world of natural knowledge, you can go on an imaginary journey through your native country to study and fall in love with the amazing nature of the rivers, seas, lakes and mountains of Russia.
The entries in the dictionary are given in alphabetical order. In them you will learn about the location, climate, landscape, flora and fauna of a particular natural object and how a person uses his wealth.
In a popular science text, some words and definitions may not be clear to you, so we have included a glossary of terms in each section.
Of course, all the rivers, lakes, mountains of Russia cannot be described in one book. You yourself can try to compile such a dictionary together with the teacher and classmates, telling in it about your native land. But what and how to tell about each natural object, you will learn in this dictionary.
We wish you interesting observations, research and discoveries!
Rivers
Glossary of terms
Bar – a sandy underwater shaft that separates the mouth of the river from the sea, alluvial shoal.
A whirlpool is a place on a river where there is a rapid, rapid rotational movement of water.
Waterfall – the fall of the water of the river from the ledge formed in its channel.
Geographic latitude is one of the geographic coordinates that determines the position of points on the Earth’s surface relative to the equator.
Hydroelectric facility – a series of hydraulic structures on a river or canal, concentrated in one place.
Dam – a structure in the form of an embankment or shaft made of earth, stone, concrete and other materials, arranged to protect the coast from flooding and erosion.
Delta – a plain formed from river sediments in front of the mouth of the river, on which the river is divided into many branches.
Bay – part of the ocean, sea or lake that extends into the land.
Bend – a sharp turn, a bend in the riverbed.
Source – the place where the river begins.
Canal – a structure, which is an artificially created channel for water.
Spit – a narrow low alluvial strip of land made of sand, gravel, shell rock, connected at one end to the coast of the sea, lake, river.
Freeze – the formation of immobile ice on the surface of a reservoir or watercourse.
Low water – the lowest water level in the river.
Monsoon – wind blowing from land to sea in winter, from sea to land in summer.
Frost – an ice mound formed as a result of freezing of river water that has flowed onto the ice cover of the river.
Flood – a sudden rise in the water level in the river, caused by rain, increased melting of snow and glaciers.
Rifts – shallow areas on a flat river, alternating with stretches and making navigation difficult.
Plyos – a deep section of a flat river between rifts or sharp turns of the river.
Floodplain – part of the river valley, flooded with water during floods and floods.
High water – an annual increase in the amount of water in the river and a strong rise in its level in a certain season.
Threshold – shallow rocky area in the riverbed with a relatively large drop in water level and increased flow rate, formed by rocks or boulders that are difficult to erode.
Tributary – a river that flows into another river.
Water flow in a river is the amount of water flowing per second through the cross section of a river.
River regime – change in the amount of water, flow rate, freezing time, opening and other features of a given river during the year.
River valley – an elongated winding depression on the earth’s surface through which a river flows; the area in which the river changed its course.
River basin – an area from which surface and ground water flows into a given river.
Branch is a branch from the main channel of the river, mainly at its mouth.
Channel – a depression in a river valley through which a river flows constantly.
Staritsa – a closed reservoir; a section of its former course completely or partially separated from the river.
Runoff – the amount of water flowing through any place in the river over a long period.
Freezing point is the point on the scale of a thermometer that indicates 0 °C – the freezing point of water.
Mouth – a place where a river flows into a lake or other river.
Fairway – a waterway for the safe passage of ships, marked with signal signs.
Gateway – a structure for transferring ships from one body of water to another with different water levels.
Amur
Amur is a river in the Far East in East Asia, formed by the confluence of the Shilka and Argun rivers. The length of the river before it flows into the Sakhalin Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk is 2824 km. The Amur is the most full-flowing river of the Trans-Baikal Territory, belongs to the Pacific Ocean drainage basin.
The basin of the Amur River is 1 million 855 thousand square meters. km and is located within three states – Russia, China and Mongolia. In terms of basin area, the Amur ranks fourth among the rivers of Russia (after the Yenisei, Ob and Lena) and tenth among the world’s rivers.
Main tributaries: Zeya, Ussuri, Bureya, Sungari, Amgun, Anyui, Tunguska.
The name of the river comes from the common basis for the Tungus-Manchu languages ”amar”, “damur” – “big river”.
The most important feature of the Amur is significant fluctuations in the water level (from 10-15 to 6-8 m), which occur due to summer-autumn monsoon rains. During the heaviest showers, floods of the Middle and Lower Amur can reach 10–25 km and last up to 70 days. The largest floods occurred in 2013 and 2019years, when a huge number of settlements were completely or partially flooded, the population was evacuated. After the construction of hydropower facilities on the main tributaries – Zeya, Bureya and Sungari, summer-autumn floods on the river became less pronounced and in the lower reaches of the river the level changes are 3–6 m.
on the Amur, Nikolaevsk-on-Amur (Russia), Heihe (China).
Amur is navigable along its entire length and is famous for its richness in fish.
It revealed 139species and subspecies of fish. This is a record value among all the rivers of Russia. The largest fish is kaluga, which can reach 5 m in length. Among the most significant are the following types of fish: Amur sturgeon, chum salmon, pink salmon, taimen, lenok, white and black carp, pike, snakehead, burbot, pike perch, perch, Amur catfish, killer whale, yellow-cheeked, bream (there is a separate rare species – black Amur bream).
Some species of fish are listed in the Red Book and their fishing is prohibited.
Bityug
Bityug – a river in the Tambov, Lipetsk and Voronezh regions of Russia, a left tributary of the Don. Length – 379km, basin area – 8840 sq. km. There are about one and a half dozen lakes in the river basin; the largest are Lebyazhye and Tushino. The right bank of the Bityug is high, covered with deciduous forests; the left bank is low – plowed steppe. The river originates on the Kalachskaya Upland near the village of Petrovskoye in the Tambov Region, flows from the northeast to the southwest along the Oka-Don Plain, flows into the Don near the Stupino farm in the Voronezh Region.
The river valley is swampy in places.
On the Bityug River and its tributaries there are towns and urban-type settlements Novopokrovka, Mordovo, Ertil, Anna, Talovaya, Bobrov.
Two sections of the river are hydrological monuments. The first one is from the village of Ertil to the village of Shchuchye. Its length is 7 km. At the beginning of the section, the Matryonochka River flows into Bityug, and at the end of it, the Ertil River. The river bed in this area is winding, wide stretches alternate with narrow rifts. The second one is down from the village of Anna to the Kurlak River. Here the banks are adorned with deciduous forest.
Bityug has a wide valley – from 3 to 7 km in the middle reaches, more than 10 km – in the lower. The river floodplain abounds with oxbow lakes and lakes, and is swampy in places.
The peculiarity of the Bityug channel is its lacustrine extensions. They have a length of up to 5 km, a width of 40 to 80 m, and a depth of 3–8 m. Before and after them, the river bed is narrow – 6–15 m, the current is more pronounced, the depth is up to 3 m.
The river is fed by snow. Freezing on the upper section of the river lasts about 4.5 months. The thickness of the ice here by the end of winter can reach 64 cm. Spring ice drift in this area usually begins in early April. The duration of freeze-up in the middle section is about 3.5 months. By the end of winter, the ice thickness on the stretches is up to 48 cm, on the riffles up to 26 cm. The river in this section opens at the end of March and is cleared of ice three days later.
Bityug is famous for its abundance of fish. Rudd, roach, ruff, chub, pike, ide, bream, perch, crucian carp, tench, burbot are found in it. Rarely found catfish, pike perch.
Volga
The Volga is a flat river in the European part of Russia, one of the largest rivers on Earth and the largest in Europe. Its length is 3531 km. The source of the Volga is the key near the village of Volgoverkhovye in the Tver region. The river originates in the Valdai Upland, and flows into the Caspian Sea.
Basin area – 1 million 360 thousand square meters km. The Volga basin occupies about a third of the European part of Russia and extends from the Valdai and Central Russian Uplands in the west to the Urals in the east. The main feeding part of the Volga drainage area, from its sources to the cities of Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan, is located in the forest zone, the middle part of the basin to the cities of Samara and Saratov is in the forest-steppe zone, the lower part is in the steppe zone to Volgograd, and to the south – in the semi-desert zone. The Volga receives about 200 tributaries, including Vazuza, Sheksna, Oka, Vetluga, Kama. The left tributaries are more numerous and more abundant than the right ones.
In Antiquity, the Volga was known as Itil. It is believed that the Volga River got its name from the ancient Mari name Volgydo (“bright”), and the Mari were the first settlers on the Volga. According to another version, the name arose due to the size of the river from the ancient Slavic word vologa (moisture) and means “water” or “big water”.
The Volga in its course is divided into three parts: the Upper Volga – from the source to the mouth of the Oka, the Middle Volga – from the confluence of the Oka to the mouth of the Kama, and the Lower Volga – from the confluence of the Kama to the Caspian.
The Volga is mainly fed by snow (60% of annual runoff), ground (30%) and rain (10%) waters.
The Volga is Russia’s main waterway. It is connected to the Baltic Sea by the Volga-Baltic waterway, Vyshnevolotsk and Tikhvin systems; with the White Sea – through the Severodvinsk system and the White Sea-Baltic Canal; with the Azov and Black Seas – through the Volga-Don Canal.
Such large cities as Volgograd, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan are located on the river.
About 70 species of fish live in the Volga. The most important of the commercial: vobla, herring, bream, pike perch, carp, catfish, pike, sturgeon, sterlet.
Don
Don is a river in the European part of Russia. The source of the Don is located in the northern part of the Central Russian Upland.
The length of the river is 1870 km. The mouth of the Don is the Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov. According to the catchment area, equal to 422 thousand square meters. km, in Europe, the Don is second only to the Volga, Dnieper, Danube and Kama.
The name of the river, according to one version, comes from the Ossetian “don” – “water, river”.
The Don has numerous branches and channels: Dead Donets, Stary Don, Bolshaya Kalancha, Bolshaya Kuterma, Perevoloka, etc. The tributaries of the river also include the Seversky Donets, Medveditsa, Khoper, Nepryadva, Tuzlov, etc.
For the Don, as well as for other rivers of the region, the asymmetric structure of the valley is characteristic. The right bank is high and steep, while the left bank is flat and low. The channel is winding, with numerous shallow sandy rifts.
The Don basin is located entirely within the forest-steppe and steppe zones. The proportion of snow supply is high (up to 70%) with relatively weak soil and rain supply.
Don is characterized by high spring floods and low water levels in the rest of the year. The water level in the river fluctuates throughout its length from 8 to 13 m. The Don spreads widely over the floodplain, especially in the lower reaches. The river freezes in late November – early December. Ice keeps from 140 days in the upper reaches to 30–90 days downstream.
Near the city of Kalach, the Don bend approaches the Volga at a distance of up to 80 km. At this point, the rivers are connected by the navigable Volga-Don Canal.
Large cities of Russia, standing on the banks of the Don – Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Tsimlyansk, Azov. A hydroelectric power station was built on the Don River and the Tsimlyansk reservoir was formed, as well as a system of hydroelectric facilities with dams and locks, which makes it possible to maintain the depth necessary for navigation.
There are 67 species of fish in the Don. The most common are small fish species: perch, roach, rudd, asp, and among medium and large species (bream, pike perch, catfish, pike), large specimens are now becoming less common.
Pollution of the river leads to a decrease in its fish stocks.
Yenisei
Yenisei is the largest river in Siberia, the most abundant in Russia. The length of the river from the confluence of the Big Yenisei and the Small Yenisei near the city of Kyzyl is 3487 km, from the sources of the Small Yenisei – 4102 km, from the sources of the Big Yenisei – 4092 km. It flows through the territory of Mongolia (Small Yenisei), Tuva, Krasnoyarsk Territory. The river flows into the Kara Sea.
Its name comes, according to different versions, from the ancient Kyrgyz “Ene-Sai” – mother river, or from the Evenk “Ionessi” – big water.
Flowing almost strictly along the meridian from south to north, the Yenisei divides the territory of Russia in half. In the upper reaches, the river is surrounded on all sides by mountains, and in the middle and lower reaches, its channel serves as the border between lowland Western Siberia and the Central Siberian Plateau.
Large tributaries – Abakan, Angara, Podkamennaya Tunguska, Nizhnyaya Tunguska, etc.
Of the almost hundred rivers that flow into the Yenisei, six are larger than the Oka, and the longest – the Nizhnyaya Tunguska – is only slightly shorter than the Volga. Yenisei has a mixed type of food. At the same time, snow nutrition predominates – 50%, rain – 36%, underground – 14%. A feature of the Yenisei is the autumn ice drift.
Yenisei is the most important waterway of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, where navigation is possible from Sayanogorsk to the mouth. Cargo flows go from Krasnoyarsk to Dudinka. On the river, the timber is floated on rafts. The main ports and marinas are Abakan, Krasnoyarsk, Strelka, Maklakovo, Yeniseisk, Turukhansk, Igarka, Ust-Port. Sea vessels go all the way to Igarka.
The most powerful hydroelectric power stations in Eurasia are located on the Yenisei: Sayano-Shushenskaya and Krasnoyarskaya. However, their appearance caused serious environmental problems: during the construction of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir, valuable land was flooded, which led to a reduction in fish resources and the resettlement of a huge number of local residents.
On the right bank of the Yenisei, the Krasnoyarsk Stolby National Park is founded, famous for its unique cliffs.
More than 40 species of fish live in the river, such as sterlet, sturgeon, herring, nelma, omul, muksun and many others.
Indigirka
Indigirka is a river in Yakutia. Length – 1726 km, basin area – 360 thousand square meters. km. It originates at the confluence of the small rivers Khastakh and Taryn-Yuryakh in the Oymyakon highland. It flows into the East Siberian Sea.
According to the structure of the valley and channel, the speed of the current, the Indigirka is divided into two sections: the upper mountain (640 km) and the lower plain (1086 km). In the mountainous area, it flows northwest along the lowest part of the Oymyakon highland, turning north, cuts through a number of mountain ranges of the Chersky ridge. The width of the valley here is from 1 to 20 km, the channel is pebbly, the current speed is 2–3 m/s. When crossing the Chemalginsky Range, the Indigirka flows in a deep gorge and forms rapids, the speed of the flow here is 4 m/s.
This area is unsuitable even for rafting. In the upper course, the Indigirka receives the main tributaries: on the left – Kuidusun, Kuente, Elgi, on the right – Nera.
In the lower section, the Indigirka valley widens, the channel is replete with shoals and spits, in some places it breaks into branches. Having rounded the Momsky Range, the river flows through a low-lying plain. The main tributaries of the lower reaches: on the right – Moma, Badyarikha, on the left – Uyandina.
At 130 km from the mouth of the Indigirka, it breaks into branches (the main ones: the Russian mouth, the Sredny – the largest, the Kolyma), forming a delta. The mouth of the Indigirka is separated from the sea by a shallow bar.
Indigirka is fed by rain and melt (snow, glacier) waters. The flood occurs in the warm season. The fluctuation range of the river level is 7.5–11 m, the highest levels are in June – early July. The river freezes in October, opens in late May – early June.
Navigable from the mouth of the Moma River (1086 km). During the period of Arctic navigation in August-September, oil products, coal, building materials, industrial and food products enter the Arctic through the Northern Sea Route. The main piers on the river: Khonuu, Druzhina, Chokurdakh, Tabor. Gold is mined in the Indigirka basin, they are engaged in reindeer breeding, collecting mammoth bones, and fishing.
Indigirka is rich in fish; vendace, whitefish, muksun, nelma, omul, and whitefish are fished.
Irtysh
The Irtysh is one of the largest rivers in Russia, the left one, the main tributary of the Ob. The length of the Irtysh is 4248 km. The basin area is more than 1.5 million square meters. km. For 618 km from its source, the Irtysh flows through Chinese territory.
The source of the Irtysh is located on the glacial slopes of the Mongolian Altai Range at an altitude of 2500 m above sea level. Rapidly descending from the mountains, the river in the upper reaches erodes the banks with force, which is reflected in its name: in translation from the Turkic word “Irtysh” means “digger”.
Downstream the Irtysh is interrupted by a cascade of hydroelectric power stations (Bukhtarminskaya, Shulbinskaya, Ust-Kamenogorskaya, etc.). Further, the river flows within the Omsk region and has all the characteristic features of a flat river. The flow velocity is 0.5–1.5 m/s.
The Irtysh forms numerous branches and channels. As a result of the erosion of bedrock, steep walls 30–40 m high are formed, the so-called Irtysh mountains.
The width of the river bed is 600–700 m, and in the north – up to 1000 m. in summer and autumn, water is fed from marshy tributaries of the river. In spring, the river level rises by 5–6 m, and in some years by 8–9 m.m.
From the middle of October to the end of November the Irtysh freezes over. The ice begins to melt only from mid-April. The thickness of the ice on the river near Omsk in March reaches more than 1 m.
The Irtysh is an important transport artery that has linked the south of Siberia and the north of Kazakhstan since ancient times.
Navigation on the river lasts 130 days. A large number of small reservoirs have been created on the river for fish farming and recreation of people.
The water of the Irtysh is polluted mainly by oil products and household waste.
In Omsk, on the left bank of the Irtysh, there is a natural park “Bird’s Harbor”, which is located on the path of bird migration.
23 species of fish live in the Irtysh, of which 17 are commercial: Siberian sturgeon, sterlet, nelma, muksun, ide, carp, bream, roach, rudd, crucian carp, pike, perch, pike perch, ruff, burbot.
Kama
Kama is a river in the European part of Russia, the left and largest tributary of the Volga. Length – 1805 km, basin area – 507 thousand square meters. km. It originates in the central part of the Verkhnekamsk Upland from 4 springs near the village of Kuliga in the Udmurt Republic.
In the language of the Udmurts, Kama means “long, big river”, Komizyryan means “bright river”, Khanty means “clear, clean river”.
In the upper reaches (from the source to the mouth of the Pilva River) the channel is unstable and meandering, oxbow lakes have formed on the floodplain. After the confluence of the Vishera River, it becomes high-water. There are many islands in this area, there are shoals and rifts. In the lower reaches of the Kama flows in a wide valley, the width of the channel is 450-1200 m, here it breaks into branches. Below the mouth of the Vyatka River, it flows into the Kama Bay of the Kuibyshev Reservoir.
There are many small rivers less than 10 km long in the Kama river basin. All the right tributaries of the Kama (Kosa, Urolka, Kondas, Inva, Obva) and part of the left ones (Veslyana, Lunya, Leman, South Keltma) are flat rivers flowing from the north. Mountain, cold and swift rivers originate in the Ural Mountains and flow into the Kama River on the left (Vishera, Yaiva, Kosva, Chusovaya and a number of their tributaries).
The river is fed mainly by snow, as well as underground and rain.
Level fluctuation range – up to 8 m. Freeze from the beginning of November in the upper reaches and the end of November in the lower reaches until April. Spring ice drift lasts from 2–3 to 10–15 days.
Kama is navigable to the village of Kerchevsky (966 km), and to the “high water” – even further 600 km. There are three reservoirs on the river with three hydroelectric power stations: Kamskoye, below it – Votkinskoye, behind it – Nizhnekamskoye.
On the banks of the river there are the cities of Solikamsk, Berezniki, Levshino, Perm, Krasnokamsk, Chaikovsky, Sarapul, Kambarka, Naberezhnye Chelny, Chistopol.
There are many sanatoriums and recreation centers along the banks of the Kama.
Sterlet, sturgeon, bream, carp, crucian carp, asp, chub, bleak, zander, perch, ruffe, pike, burbot, catfish, etc. live in the river. Taimen and grayling are found in the upper reaches of the Kama.
The prestigious Vorobyovy Gory school is evicted from the Palace of Pioneers
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Parents are furious – at the beginning of the summer they were assured that this would not happen.
Vorobyovy Gory Lyceum is one of the most prestigious schools in Moscow, equal in popularity to other star educational institutions like Intellectual or 57th. Classes here follow a special program and experimental methods, and the school day is sometimes very different from what can be seen in ordinary secondary schools. The place where classes are held is also unusual – the Palace of Pioneers on Sparrow Hills, which is an architectural monument.
It is precisely in it, in fact, that the reason for the current conflict between the parents of students, on the one hand, and the management of the lyceum and the Palace of Pioneers itself, on the other. The fact that the architectural monument on Kosygin Street was to undergo survey work, including “shoveling and chasing”, was known at the beginning of summer – after the school year ended. However, it was then that parents were assured that there were no plans to move lyceum classes before the second half of 2020.
Literally a day before the new school year, they were told the exact opposite – elementary and secondary school classes would begin the school year in buildings on Fotieva Street (in the Gagarinsky District) and Donskaya Street (in the Shabolovka District). This caused a sharp reaction from the parents, many of whom at one time even specially moved in order to live within walking distance from the lyceum.
“Parents, including me, are categorically not satisfied with this,” the mother of one of the students told Moskvich Mag, “the lyceum classes of the palace were created precisely as a symbiosis of school and additional education. Many subjects that children study as part of the school curriculum are taught by teachers who also lead circles, that is, they can give children more extensive knowledge and in the most interesting way. The transfer of the lyceum from the palace destroys this symbiosis. Therefore, de facto, it was not about the transfer of the lyceum, but about its destruction.
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The palace employees working in the buildings on Shabolovka are not happy about the move. “Mugs on Donskaya Street are not being liquidated, but, apparently, they will be reduced. And for us, teachers, the appearance of teachers, methodologists and children was a shock today … it was especially unpleasant when I walked along the corridor and they told me: “Give us the key to your classroom – now the lyceum is being settled there,” says the teacher of the biological laboratory of the Palace of Pioneers on Shabolovka . – We collected everything with our own hands with the guys – we designed collections, placed them in showcases, made labels. Most of the fees are ours. It is a pity, but both we and the lyceum students have become victims, hostages of this situation and the completely incomprehensible policy of the leadership.”
The competition for research and restoration (it should be the first since 1962) in the building on Sparrow Hills was announced in June, and the winner began work on August 23.
At the same time, as the parents of the students point out in their Facebook group, for some reason no one is going to resettle the circles working in the palace – apparently, their visitors will not be able to interfere with chiseling and gating.
“On the twenty-eighth of August, I talked to several employees of the palace. Their information was even more gloomy, – says the interlocutor of Moskvich Mag, – the administration informed them that the palace would be closed altogether soon. A vast territory with a park in a prestigious area has long haunted developers, so the “transfer of the lyceum” seems to be just the first step towards the start of building up the palace territory with commercial facilities. They simply decided to start with the lyceum in order to prevent the consolidation of protest among all the children and parents who visit the palace, including as an institution of additional education.
At the time of writing, the parents demanded that the move be cancelled.