Nutritional requirements for 1 year old: Feeding your baby: 1–2 years

Feeding & Nutrition Tips: Your 1-Year-Old

Log in
|
Register

Ages & Stages

Ages & Stages

Listen

Español

Text Size

​​After your child’s first birthday, you’ll probably notice a sharp drop in his or her appetite. Maybe your child is suddenly turning his or her head away after just a few bites and/or is resisting coming to the table at mealtimes. Despite this behavior and increased activity, there’s a good reason for the change. Your child’s growth rate has slowed; he or she really doesn’t require as much food now.

Tips for Parents:

• One year olds need about 1,000 calories divided among three meals and two snacks per day to meet their needs for growth, energy, and good nutrition. Don’t count on your child always eating it that way though—the eating habits of toddlers are erratic and unpredictable from one day to the next! For example, your child may:

• Eat everything in sight at breakfast and almost nothing else for the rest of the day.

• Eat only the same food for three days in a row—and then reject it entirely.

• Eat 1,000 calories one day, but then eat noticeably more or less over the next day or two.

• Encourage, but don’t pressure or force your child to eat at a particular time. Hard as it may be to believe, your child’s diet will balance out over several days if you make a range of wholesome foods available.

• One year olds need foods from the same basic nutrition groups that you do. If you provide your child with selections from each of the basic food groups and let him or her experiment with a wide variety of tastes, colors, and textures, he or she should be eating a balanced diet with plenty of vitamins.  

• Don’t restrict fats from your one-year-old’s menu. Babies and young toddlers should get about half of their calories from fat. Cholesterol and other fats are also very important for their growth and development at this age. Once your child has reached age two, you can gradually decrease fat consumption (lowering it to about one-third of daily calories by ages four to five). See Preschoolers’ Diets Shouldn’t Be Fat-Free: Here’s Why for more information.

• Be sure the food is cool enough to prevent mouth burns. Test the temperature yourself, because he or she will dig in without considering the heat.

• Don’t give foods that are heavily spiced, salted, buttered, or sweetened. These additions prevent your child from experiencing the natural taste of foods, and they may be harmful to long-term good health.

• Your little one can still choke on chunks of food. Children don’t learn to chew with a grinding motion until they’re about four years old. Make sure anything you give your child is mashed or cut into small, easily chewable pieces.

• Never offer peanuts, whole grapes, cherry tomatoes (unless they’re cut in quarters), whole carrots, seeds (i.e., processed pumpkin or sunflower seeds), whole or large sections of hot dogs, meat sticks, or hard candies (including jelly beans or gummy bears), or chunks of peanut butter (it’s fine to thinly spread peanut butter on a cracker or bread).

• Hot dogs and carrots— in particular—should be quartered lengthwise and then sliced into small pieces.

• Make sure your child eats only while seated and while supervised by an adult. Although your one-year-old may want to do everything at once, “eating on the run” or while talking increases the risk of choking. Teach your child as early as possible to finish a mouthful prior to speaking.

Additional Information from HealthyChildren.org:

• Sample Menu for a One-Year-Old 
• Making Sure Your Child is Eating Enough
• Serving Sizes for Toddlers
• Selecting Snacks for Toddlers 
• Airplane Choo Choo: A Feeding Guide for Children (National Dairy Council)​

Last Updated

10/29/2020

Source

Section on Obesity (Copyright © 2016 American Academy of Pediatrics)

The information contained on this Web site should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.

Serving Sizes for Toddlers – HealthyChildren.org

Log in
|
Register

Ages & Stages

Ages & Stages

Listen

Español

Text Size

A toddler’s daily energy requirements are not very large. After tripling their birth weight by their first babies, a child’s growth slows down. So, the amount they eat does not need to be huge.

A general guide for feeding your toddler

• Each day, a child between ages 1 and 3 years needs about 40 calories for every inch of height. This means that a toddler who measures 32 inches in height, for example, should be taking in an average of about 1,300 calories a day. However, the amount varies with each child’s build and activity level.

• The child’s serving size should be approximately one-quarter of an adult’s.

Example of an average toddler-sized meal

• One ounce of meat, or 2 to 3 tablespoons of beans

• One to 2 tablespoons of vegetables

• One to 2 tablespoons of fruit

• One-quarter slice of bread

Your toddler will get enough calories along with all the protein, vitamins, and minerals they need from an average daily intake similar to the chart below.

More information

• 
  Sample Menu for a Two-Year-Old
• 
  Selecting Snacks for Toddlers
• 
  How to Get Your Child to Eat More Fruits and Veggies
• Ask the Pediatrician: How do I help my picky eater try more healthy foods?

Last Updated

8/15/2022

Source

Committee on Nutrition (Copyright © 2016 American Academy of Pediatrics)

The information contained on this Web site should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.

Child nutrition from 1 to 3. From zero to primer

Child nutrition from 1 to 3

A one-year-old child continues to grow and develop actively, so his body needs plastic and energy resources that provide complex processes of formation and improvement of all organs and systems.

We already know that the main building material from which our own organs and tissues are formed are proteins that come with food. At this age, the daily protein requirement of a child is expressed as 4 g per kilogram of weight. Proteins are made up of different amino acids. There are 20 of them in total, and 8 of them are irreplaceable, that is, they are not synthesized in the body and must be supplied with food in order to provide the growing body with vital substances. Essential amino acids are found in animal proteins, which should make up 75% of the daily amount of proteins. The remaining 25% should come from vegetable proteins contained in cereals, vegetables, and greens.

Fats are the main source of energy, and are also part of all body cells, are involved in metabolism and are suppliers of fat-soluble vitamins and PUFAs. The quality of fat is of great importance in the nutrition of children. Of animal fats, the most valuable for a child are butter, sour cream and cream.

The daily requirement for fat is 4 g per 1 kg of body weight.

At the same time, 15–20% of fats should be of vegetable origin, supplying polyunsaturated fatty acids, of which linoleic and arachidonic acids are the most important in the nutrition of children. The first is found in sunflower, corn, cottonseed oil, and the second – in linseed and hemp.

Carbohydrates supply the body with energy, take part in metabolic processes, and are part of cells and tissues. The need of the child’s body for carbohydrates is 16 g per 1 kg of weight. The ratio between the main nutrients, which is the basis of a balanced diet, should be:

B: W: Y = 1: 1: 4.

The daily caloric intake for a child aged 1 to 1.5 years should be 1100-1200 kcal, and for a child aged 1.5 to 3 years – 1300-1400 kcal.

Dairy products still form the basis of the baby’s diet – up to 600 ml per day. This volume includes not only milk, but also fermented milk products that are currently in abundance: kefir, yogurt, yogurt, acidophilus, fermented baked milk, etc. Give preference to those products that have added beneficial bifidobacteria.

Cottage cheese and curd products (syrki, cheese mass) are rich in protein, are well absorbed by the body, and are a source of calcium, which is necessary at this age due to the intensive appearance of teeth. Therefore, 3-4 times a week they should appear on the table of a young child. Children love cottage cheese casserole, cheesecakes, lazy dumplings, which are served with sour cream, cream sauce, butter or jam.

Successfully used in baby food cheese, soft, mild, preferably melted or grated, which can be sprinkled on a piece of bread with butter or added to pasta.

A 1 year old child has 8 front teeth that are not designed for chewing food. This circumstance should be borne in mind and not rush into the introduction of solid food. Thorough grinding of food is now useless, but the meat should still be passed through a meat grinder, and pieces of vegetables in the soup should be kneaded with a fork. The baby already knows how to chew (with the gums), but for him this process is a difficult job, and he gets tired quickly, so take your time with solid food. In 1.5 years, 6 more teeth will be added, including 4 molars. Now it’s time to load them so that they do their job, especially since everyone else will soon appear. By the age of 2, the entire set of milk teeth flaunts in its place, and the menu becomes more diverse. And the point is not only in the appearance of teeth, but also in increasing the activity of digestive enzymes and improving the motor function of the intestine.

The pureed food period has ended. The kid is already actively chewing and copes well with pieces of vegetables, boiled or stewed meat. When eating, do not forget to remind the child of the need to thoroughly chew food and do not rush him.

The amount of meat in the diet is gradually increased. It is recommended mainly beef and veal, but sometimes lean pork, duck, goose can be given. In baby food, chickens, turkey, rabbit meat, which have tender and tasty meat, as well as offal rich in minerals: liver, tongue, are successful. In the daily diet, meat should be present in the amount of 100–120 g.

Do not get carried away with sausages, there is little natural meat in them, and various fillers and fat are over the top. Unfortunately, the speed and ease of preparation make these products extremely popular with young mothers, besides, children are happy to eat sausages and sausages, and they don’t refuse a sausage sandwich. If you can’t completely abandon your favorite folk food (sausages), use only boiled meat with a minimum amount of fat for baby food, and sausages and sausages – only from beef meat.

But be sure to eat fish. It is a source of high quality protein, which is also digested and absorbed better than meat. Fish contains vitamin A, minerals and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which contribute to the development of the central nervous system. You can cook sea and river fish, just be careful with the bones, carefully choose them before serving the dish to your child. Fish and seafood are suppliers of iodine, which is necessary for normal brain activity. Iodine deficiency leads to mental retardation. Everyone should know about this, especially since in Central Russia 20% of the population suffer from endemic goiter, and 90% of Moscow children lack iodine. Use iodized salt in the nutrition of the whole family, this will make up for the deficiency of an important trace element in your diet.

^{Yanik Chauvin / Dreamstime.com}

Caviar deserves a special mention. Many parents consider this delicacy to be an indispensable product in terms of nutritional value and buy it specifically “only for the little one”. In fact, this is not the best product for a child: due to the high fat content, caviar is poorly digested and absorbed, and often causes allergic reactions. So it’s better to eat the caviar yourself, and the baby will be satisfied with the cod cutlet. For a week, the child should receive a fish dish 2-3 times (70-100 g each).

In baby food, chicken and quail eggs are widely used, rich in protein, minerals, vitamins A, D and group B. Egg yolk contains about 30% fat in the form of a finely dispersed emulsion, which is easily absorbed by the body. Eggs are a product of increased biological value in terms of composition and digestibility of essential amino acids. A child should consume 2-3 eggs per week in the form of an omelette or hard-boiled. Duck and goose eggs are not recommended for baby food, as waterfowl are often infected with salmonella. If a child is allergic to egg white, only the yolk will have to be given.

Fats for young children are needed in the form of butter and vegetable oils. No margarines and “light” or “diet” oils, as these fatty foods contain hydrogenated fats that disrupt all metabolic processes in the body. They are extremely harmful for adults, and even more so for a growing child’s body! Only natural butter – 25-30 g per day in the form of a sandwich or addition to porridge, mashed potatoes. Food should not be cooked on it, heat treatment reduces the nutritional value.

Vegetable oil (sunflower, olive, soybean) is used for dressing salads, vinaigrettes and for cooking. Its daily norm is 8-10 g (2 teaspoons). Try to use in the diet of the whole family not only refined, but also unrefined oil, which contains valuable biologically active compounds – phospholipids.

Bakery products for a child from 1 to 3 years old should be 80 to 100 g per day. Be sure to offer your baby rye bread – 30 g, as it contains B vitamins, vegetable fiber, which makes the intestines work. Wheat bread, bun, gingerbread, cookies, pie – the total weight of these products should not exceed 70 g per day. Daily excess consumption of simple carbohydrates will quickly lead to overweight and obesity.

But complex carbohydrates in the form of fruits and vegetables are given pride of place in the set of foods for young children. They are rich in minerals, vitamins, organic acids, vegetable fiber, pectin, which help the processes of digestion and metabolism. Complex carbohydrates are slowly broken down and gradually absorbed into the bloodstream, maintaining a constant level of glucose. And sugar and confectionery are fast carbohydrates that quickly enter the bloodstream and are deposited in the tissues in the form of fats. Therefore, complex carbohydrates (fruits, vegetables) should prevail in the diet of children – up to 400 g per day, and sugar and confectionery products should not exceed 50 g.

Cereals and pasta in baby food are widely used in the form of cereals, casseroles, side dishes. Almost any cereal is suitable for making porridge. And if grated apple, raisins, dried apricots, nuts or berries are also added to the porridge, then every day you can pamper your baby with various culinary masterpieces. Then he will not give up boring porridge and demand sausages.

Do not get carried away with pasta, they are high in carbohydrates. Therefore, for overweight children, the use of pasta is undesirable, it is better to prepare a vegetable side dish. To our second bread – potatoes, also treat without much predilection, all because of the same carbohydrates, no more than 100 g per day. But all other vegetables and herbs should please you with their wide range daily. Be careful with legumes (beans, peas, beans), many children do not tolerate them well and after eating, for example, pea soup, they complain of pain and bloating.

From drinks, fruit and vegetable juices, compotes from fresh and dried fruits, rosehip infusion, herbal teas are recommended for young children. The later your little one is introduced to colorful sodas, the better for their digestive system. But mineral water without gas or natural drinking water will not harm your health.

It is advisable to observe the feeding regimen for children. This accustoms the stomach to rhythmic work, promotes the production of digestive enzymes and maintains a constant level of glucose in the blood.

Breakfast (9.00–10.00) Milk porridge – 150 g, sweet tea with milk (100 ml), a slice of bread with butter.

Lunch (12.00–13.00) Carrot salad with sour cream – 25 g, vegetable soup with meat broth – 100 g, vermicelli – 100 with meatballs – 50 g, compote – 100 ml.

Afternoon snack (16.00–17.00) Cottage cheese with fruit puree – 100 g, rosehip broth – 100 ml.

Dinner (19.00–20.00) Vegetable puree – 100 g, fish soufflé – 50 g, sweet tea – 100 ml.

A baby between the ages of 1 and 1.5 years should be fed frequently – 5 or 6 times (if he wakes up early). Do not rush to put the child at the table as soon as he opens his eyes. Let him “work up” an appetite, but for now, you can offer a glass of juice (100-150 ml).

Breakfast (9. 00–10.00) Milk porridge with fruits – 200 g, tea with milk – 150 ml, bread with butter.

Lunch (12.00–13.00) Vinaigrette with vegetable oil – 35 g, vegetable soup – 100 g, fish cutlet (65 g) with mashed potatoes – 100 g, compote – 150 ml.

Afternoon snack (16.00-17.00) Bun (65 g) with yoghurt (125 ml), fruit – 150 ml.

Dinner (19.00–20.00) Cheesecakes with sour cream (180 + 20 g), milk – 150 ml.

Before going to bed, you can offer a glass of milk, kefir, fermented baked milk, acidophilus – 150 ml. For the whole day, the child is given 10 g of rye and 40 g of wheat bread.

For a child from 1.5 to 3 years old, the diet remains the same, but the portions are slightly increased. Immediately after waking up, offer your baby fruit juice or fruit puree – 150 g.

Before going to bed, you can offer a glass of yogurt, juice, fruit – 200 ml. For the whole day, the child will need 30 g of rye and 50 g of wheat bread.

Make up the menu for the child in accordance with the taste preferences of the baby and your own common sense, do not allow distortions towards excess carbohydrates or meat products, which is often the fault of the boys’ mothers: “The man is growing – he requires meat!”. Nutrition should be balanced in terms of protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. To overload the child’s diet with animal proteins means to give an increased load to the kidneys and cause disturbances in nitrogen metabolism.

Before a year (about 9-10 months) the child will reach for a spoon and try to eat on his own. Of course, this will not work right away. It is especially difficult for a baby to cope with liquid food, which cannot be brought to the mouth.

But don’t take away the spoon, but help the baby guide it to the right place. If there is a plate with a thick dish in front of the baby, he will try to do without cutlery and will eat with his hands. Persuade him to take a spoon in his hand and use it. Buy him a spoon with a thick round handle – it is more convenient to hold it. To wield a spoon for a child is a real job, so he gets tired quickly. In this case, feed him yourself.

To protect clothes from colorful stains, wear an oilcloth bib with a pocket where food that does not get into the mouth will drain. Daily spoon workouts will soon pay off, and by 14 months of age, most children are confidently up to the task of eating on their own. True, part of the food still gets past the mouth, but it is somewhat premature to demand accuracy from the baby of the second year of life, although it is time to teach the rules of behavior at the table.

This text is an introductory fragment.

Rational nutrition of the child

Rational nutrition of the child
It is known that the most important factor underlying the health and normal development of a child of any age is nutrition that is complete in quantitative and qualitative terms. The main requirements for rational nutrition of a child were

9. Body, weight and nutrition

9. Body, weight and nutrition
Is your daughter worried about her weight? Are you worried about her yourself? If yes, then you are not alone, because recently the topic of excess weight and appearance in general has become too common and painful.
Is your daughter worried

Nutrition and behavior of the child.

Nutrition and behavior of the child.
Just imagine – it is worth changing the child’s diet, and he will do better in school, become more balanced, contented, and begin to behave much better. It’s true. Did you know that dietary poverty is the main cause of childhood

Rational nutrition of the child

Rational nutrition of the child
Importance of breastfeedingIt is known that proper nutrition is one of the determining factors of a child’s health, ensuring the timely and normal formation of organs and tissues, harmonious physical and

Nutrition

Food
It is worth thinking about how to organize meals in kindergarten. Believe me, this is no less a creative task than drawing up a curriculum or recruiting staff. Of course, I want the food to be tasty, healthy and varied. But, alas, between tasty and

Nutrition

Food
A person can live without food for a couple of weeks. Even less without water. Food is a direct source of energy. Today, in sanatoriums and health centers focused on increasing vitality and cleansing the body, they adhere to the following rules for taking

Nutrition

Food
At this time, the needs of the body change, and this must be taken into account when compiling the menu. In the second half of pregnancy, due to the growth of the uterus and fetus, the woman’s body’s need for proteins increases even more. Now you need to get protein

Nutrition

Food
• In the III trimester, observe 5 meals a day. In the last 1-2 months of pregnancy, it is advisable to switch to 6 meals a day in small portions. • At this time, focus on vegetables, fruits, nuts, salads, greens, whole grains, dried fruits. •

Child nutrition from 3 to 7 years

Nutrition for a child from 3 to 7 years
Preschool children are very inquisitive and mobile, they run a lot, jump, spend a lot of time in active games in the fresh air, many of them go in for sports, and this lifestyle is accompanied by large

Nutrition

Food
Difficulty falling asleep on an empty stomach. However, high-energy food rich in carbohydrates (sweets, buns, pasta) will completely discourage any desire to sleep, as it is a kind of sleep substitute, replenishing the exhausted supply of energy. Best option

Nutrition

Food
Totalitarianism has always started and still starts in the nursery. The very first intervention in the nature of a child is the first manifestation of despotism. And this first intervention is always related to nutrition. It starts with forcing a newborn baby to eat and

Nutrition

Food
In our time, everyone is well aware that the main thing in the nutrition of a child is to feed him quality food and monitor the amount of food taken. A child’s nutrition can be called poor, no matter how much he eats, if at least one of them is missing from his diet

II Feeding and feeding the child

II
Feeding and nutrition of the child
Feeding a baby is an art that is learned, plus a pinch of knowledge and a little patience. Becoming your child’s personal nutritionist requires knowledge of healthy eating, child development, and the ability to be creative

Special baby food

Baby food special

Meals for children
has its own characteristics and
complexities.
When planning a child’s diet, consider
certain features of the child’s body.

Child growth

The main difference between baby food is
the growth of the child’s body. That is, a baby needs more protein than an adult. Knowing about it
many adults make the mistake of focusing on creating a high protein diet,
although even the usual protein food consumed by adults contains

more protein than breast milk.

High mobility

Another feature of baby food is that children are very mobile in
different from adults. Greater mobility of the child’s body contributes to
exchange normalization. If children are forcibly restricted in their movements, this
provokes insufficient secretion of growth hormones, diseases, and as a result –
developmental delay.

Consumption of sweets

Due to the high metabolic rate, children, unlike adults,
are able to absorb significantly more sweets without much harm to themselves.
However, they should not be encouraged to do so. Although sweet foods are natural
origin are very beneficial for the child.

About cholesterol

In addition, children are much more active than adults.
use cholesterol.
It is very important for health, is the main component of the membrane, which
surrounds cells throughout the body. And the child grows, and he forms a lot
new cells.

An important nuance is the fat cells that make up the “fat” according to
most are formed during the first years of life. Subsequently they
grow and grow in size. Therefore, what it looks like
an adult is largely associated with nutrition in childhood.
Regulatory Excellence
mechanisms

Most important feature
baby food . Regulatory mechanisms in the child’s body
controlling the inflow and outflow of energy, function perfectly. His
The body knows exactly what food and in what quantities it needs. However, if
there is an abundance of deliciously cooked (with spices, fried, fatty and
etc.) and sweet dishes, the appetite will be coordinated by the tongue, and not by the physiological
need.

This level of regulation remains until the age of 14-17. Further
it is preserved under the condition that a person leads a healthy lifestyle.