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The Littleton family settled in a house hidden from prying eyes, a place where they raise children, developing their creativity and imagination. Rose Littleton (Angelina Jolie) shrugged off the accusations of “miscegenation with a plebeian,” and Jack Littleton (David Oyelowo) is happy to work as a woodcarver, passing on his craft to his children. One day, a tragedy occurs in their family, because of which the parents are removed, and Peter and Alice have to flee to an imaginary world where everything is still fine.

It’s worth noting that this is not a “what if Alice in Wonderland and Peter Pan were brother and sister” story, as it is described in movie announcements. The point here is a little different: when children are faced with death and changes in the family, they continue to believe in fairy tales, associating themselves not with reality, but with magical adventures. The characters of the film recall their games, in which wooden branches became swords and arrows, and add memorable episodes from fairy tales heard from their parents to them.

So the tea party with the White Rabbit, the appearance of the Mad Hatter, the band of pirates, and the captain of the lost boys are not entirely references to famous fairy tales. Rather, a way to rethink the grim reality in which children have to grow up. It is noteworthy that Peter and Alice make attempts to give up their fantasies, taking on the burden of a family tragedy, but ultimately both return to fiction.

Despite the fairy-tale atmosphere, the film shows some rather dark moments that parents who decide to take young children to watch should be aware of (beware, spoilers follow). The father of the protagonists has his hand cut off for an unpaid debt, and Peter’s imagination creates the evil Captain Hook, whose hand is cut off by the boy in revenge. And little Alice, to spite her mother, drinks alcoholic tincture, after which the girl decreases in stature and dreams of running away from home. Here, the creators of the picture significantly overdo it with imagery and create material that is hardly suitable for young viewers. And this despite the fact that the beginning of the tape in the manner of presenting the story is focused precisely on a young audience.

It’s strange that the film’s director Brenda Chapman would agree to such scripting decisions, given her background in writing stories for children. Chapman was on the creative team of The Lion King, The Prince of Egypt and directed Brave. Perhaps ending her collaboration with Walt Disney Pictures and Pixar Animation Studios, Brenda Chapman decided to create something less naive and the opposite of Disney motifs. The result turned out to be peculiar: because of Peter and Alice, the film is still associated with a fairy tale, at moments it becomes a children’s fantasy, separate scenes – a joyless life, and in the final it changes genre direction again, completely breaking away from reality.

What’s great about the film is the elaborate sets and costumes. The house where the main characters live is decorated with colorful wallpaper, drawings, candlesticks and numerous little things reminiscent of the Victorian era. David Oyelowo’s character works in a beautiful workshop that can be seen in the garden through large glass windows. The heroine of Angelina Jolie finds small gifts for children, reminiscent of attributes from fairy tales (because of the magnificent styling, the actress herself resembles a fairy-tale character). Also complementing the visual component is the soundtrack by composer John Debney, which adds an atmosphere of adventure to the fantasy scenes.

Alas, the scenery and music cannot make the story much better. The film shows the ability of children to avoid tragedy by hiding in a fantasy world. This theme can be explored without using the well-known characters of Peter Pan and Alice, which the writers exploit for recognition and ease of perception. But it is with them that the story does not seem original, moreover, in the interpretation of the filmmakers, it becomes rather gloomy.

3

ITC. UA estimate

Pros:
the main characters reinterpreted the tragic events with the help of fantasy; beautiful scenery and costumes; music

Cons:
screenwriters use famous characters for their own purposes; there are a few dark moments in the film that parents should be aware of before watching with their children

Conclusion:
Peter Pan, Alice in Wonderland and Angelina Jolie will be eye-catchers. The film itself is not a fairy tale, but a specific story about how imagination helps children survive tragic moments.

Ethan Rome – frwiki.wiki

For articles of the same name, see Rome.

Ethan Rom (whose anagram reads: Another Man : Otr Homme) is a fictional character from the television series Lost: The Disappeared . He is played by actor William Mapother.

Introduced in the first season, Ethan is the Others’ surgeon. He infiltrated the fuselage survivors, posing as one of them, until they discovered his true identity and kidnapped Charlie Pace and a pregnant Claire Littleton.

CV

• 1 fictional biography
  • 1.1 Before accident
  • 1.2 After a failure
• 2 Notes and references
  • 2.1 Episode links
  • 2.2 Other links

Fictional biography

Before the crash

Ethan, born in 1977 on the island as part of the Dharma Project, is the son of Amy and Horace Goodspeed. In 1988, when he was 11 years old, Ethan joined The Others and helped Ben kidnap Alex’s child Daniel Russo. Ethan worked as a surgeon for The Others. Before the crash of Oceanic Flight 815, Ethan meets John Locke on the day of the plane crash, filled with drugs. Ethan shoots him in the leg before the time jump moves John, however Ethan apparently doesn’t remember meeting him in the present. About three years before the crash, he also traveled from the island to Florida in a submarine to recruit Juliet Burke with the help of Richard Alpert. Ethan’s wife dies in childbirth and her child does not survive.

After the crash

When Oceanic Flight 815 crashed on the island on September 22, 2004, he was instructed by his superior, Benjamin Linus, to infiltrate the survivors from the fuselage and draw up a list of survivors. Ethan draws blood from Claire to determine if she has pregnancy problems and goes hunting with Locke. When Hurley conducts a census of survivors, Ethan claims to be from Ontario. But Hurley discovers that Ethan’s name was not on the passenger list. Ethan then kidnaps Claire and Charlie. Jack and Kate catch up to him and he threatens to kill one of the two if they continue to pursue him. Charlie is later found hanging from a tree, but is revived and rescued by Jack nonetheless.

Ethan drags Claire to the Dharma station with the Caduceus symbol, where she undergoes a medical examination, while kindergarten is scheduled for the soon-to-be-born Aaron. However, before the birth, a young woman, Alex, in spite of herself, helps her escape and tells her that they plan to take her baby. Daniel Russo then brings Claire back to the survivors’ camp.

Ethan contacts Charlie and demands that he return Claire or he will kill the rest of the survivors one by one. When Scott is found dead the next morning, the survivors conclude that Ethan has followed through on his threat. The next day, Jack, Sayid, Locke, Sawyer, and Kate, all armed with pistols, went looking for him. They use Claire as bait and hope to capture Ethan alive, but while Ethan has just been captured by the group, Charlie grabs the gun that Jack dropped, shoots Ethan six times, and kills him, thus preventing the survivors from learning anything. or from him.

Charlie justified his gesture like this: “he deserved to die.”

In 2004, in an alternate reality in which all the passengers of Flight 815 landed as planned in Los Angeles, the island did not exist and never existed, hence Ethan Rom was born, Ethan GoodSpeed ​​never participated in the Dharma project and therefore works. in Los Angeles as a doctor. He takes care of Claire Littleton when Kate brings the latter to the hospital.

Notes and links

• (fr) This article is taken in whole or in part from the English Wikipedia article titled “Ethan Rom” (see list of authors) .

Episode links

• Season 1 Lost

1. ↑ episode 9
2. ↑ episode 10
3. ↑ episode 11
4. ↑ episode 15

• Season 2 Lost

1. ↑ episode 15

• Season 3 Lost

1. ↑ episode 16
2. ↑ episode 7
3. ↑ episode 14
4. ↑ episode 1

• Season 5 Lost

1. ↑ episode 4

Other links

1. ↑ Lindelof, Damon (writer) and Bender, Jack (director), Lost: Missing Pieces: Jack, Meet Ethan. Ethan? Jack.” Accessed January 7, 2008

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Chapter 16. Princes and princesses. Queen Victoria

Queen Victoria can safely be called a heroine mother. Not only because she gave birth to nine children. In 19th-century England, families were large and nine offspring was by no means a record. However, all of her children, including Leopold, who had hemophilia, lived to be at least thirty years old.

After Prince Albert quietly “left” Baroness Lehzen, things have changed in the royal nursery. Custody of the children was given to the elderly widow Sarah Spencer, Lady Littleton, an elderly widow who had been at court since 1838. Lady Littleton’s children had long since left the nest, and she was glad to hear the sound of children’s feet again. She had been in charge of the nursery for almost eight years, and all her charges remembered their nurse Laddle fondly.

A warm relationship develops between Albert and Laddle. Lady Littleton was distinguished not only by her good disposition, but also by her method: every evening she made a detailed report on the behavior of the children, about who ate how, who fought with whom, and who was cutting their teeth. The governess idolized her employer – where else can you find a man who is so interested in children? – and was ready to carry out all his orders.

Royal children were not spoiled with sweets. The diet of Vicki and Bertie was so simple that the nannies from the common people did not hide their surprise – even they were fed better at home! Milk and broth, oatmeal and rice, sometimes meat, but in moderation, because it was believed that meat causes irritability and bad thoughts.

The windows in the nursery were wide open, the fireplaces stoked poorly. If the children protested when they had to wash their faces with ice-cold water, they were reminded of the poor who did not have such and such water. From an early age, they were taught to treat servants politely. Any display of arrogance was inevitably followed by a reprimand.

Much attention was paid to religious education, but it was on this point that Lady Littleton and the Prince Consort did not see eye to eye. The royal governess was especially extremely pious. Just a little, fell to her knees in prayer. Albert, on the other hand, did not tolerate ardor, including in the expression of religious feelings. Raised in the traditions of Lutheranism, he was not used to kneeling in prayer at all. Communion in the Coburg family was taken only three times a year, although Sunday church attendance was considered mandatory.

The Queen liked the simplicity of the rites. Every Sunday she and her loved ones went to the Anglican church, but did not sit there for a long time. Woe to that vicar whose sermon made the Queen yawn! The second time he would not be called. Seeing that it would be difficult for the eldest son, the fidget Bertie, to sit in the service, the father stopped taking the boy to church until he was eight. When the Prince of Wales grew up and acquired his own Sandringham estate, he made it a habit to hang a clock on the back of a pew in the church. Thus, the priest could see when it was time to wrap up with a sermon.

Albert’s atypical religious views affected his family’s leisure time. Strict Anglicans and Scottish Presbyterians, the so-called Sabbatarians, believed that on Sunday it was a sin to both work and play. Even lovers of whistling on God’s day expected scolding. Going to church and reading the Bible is the only way to spend your leisure time. Queen Victoria scolded fanatics more than once for their “incomprehensible blindness and false piety.” At home, she would not have suffered such despondency. On Sundays, the royal family played chess, waved tennis rackets in the yard, listened to music and read novels, and not a prayer book at all.

Albert was a moralist, but not a saint, and certainly not a hypocrite. He did not hypocrite and did not cut corners in matters of morality, but acted as his conscience told him. Nor was he the tyrannical father he is commonly believed to be. Rather, on the contrary: against the background of the English society of that time, he was pure anomaly.

He always had time for children – not only sons, but also daughters. He put them in a basket and drove them around the nursery floor, helped them build castles from blocks, and flew a kite with them. Once, when the children were helping hay at Osborne Manor, he taught Bertie somersaults – and he himself tumbled in a haystack. Another time, smiling mysteriously, he showed the children card tricks and explained what the trick was. All the children, including the perpetually pouty Bertie, adored (or at least respected) their father. It was he, and not Victoria, who was the focus of their life: he seemed the smartest, most resourceful and eternal.

They also loved their mother, but they could not help but feel that Albert was dearer to her than all the children put together. Victoria did not suffer from an excess of parental feelings. Babies, with “their big heads, tiny limbs, and twitches like a frog,” disgusted her on a physiological level. “I wholeheartedly agree that kind and well-mannered children bring joy, but at the same time, how much sorrow and anxiety they bring to us – and how little gratitude we receive for all this! she lamented in a letter to the grown-up Vika. – This occupation [that is, childbearing] ruined the first two years of my marriage, and how unhappy I was! Nothing gave me pleasure”[109].

Victoria did not miss the opportunity to reprimand the offspring for any oversight. When it came to scolding, she made no distinction between a three-year-old toddler and a grown-up boy: she got both. Eighteen-year-old Bertie flew in for cutting his baby curls, which his mother liked so much. Of course, the queen also spent time with the children, sometimes playing hide-and-seek or cards, arranged picnics for them, and paired up with her sons at balls. At the same time, she was secretly jealous of the children for Albert and rejoiced at those hours when he did not have to share with them.

* * *

In old photographs, Victoria’s nine offspring seem to be exact copies of their mother – round cheeks, indistinct chins, long, slightly bent noses, light blue eyes, so transparent that they seem empty. Appearance is far from angelic and does not cause much tenderness.

Despite the outward resemblance, the children were very different in character – both from each other and from their parents. The only thing they had in common was Hanoverian stubbornness.

Vicki, Albert’s favorite daughter, grew up as a mobile and wayward child. Just a little, she fell to the floor and pounded her arms and legs, breaking into a bass roar. Corporal punishment disgusted Lady Littleton, but in order to pacify Vicki, she was forced to resort to them. Once the little princess lied to the maid that Laddle let her wear a pink cap outside. For this, the liar had her hands tied behind her back – as once her violent mother. Sometimes the princess got spanked, but nothing more serious.

There was only one reason for bad behavior – boredom. Clever beyond her years, the girl found no outlet for her energy except in screaming and pranks. Everything changed when in 1844 a new teacher appeared in the nursery, the daughter of the priest Sarah Hildyard (the children called her Tilla). Miss Hildyard was well versed not only in literature and history, but also in botany, which impressed even Albert. Vicki blossomed under her care. The princess turned out to have a remarkable gift for languages, she easily overcame mathematics, chemistry, Latin and could, without embarrassment, keep up a conversation with her father on any topic. But these were the years when women’s education was reduced mainly to reading, playing the piano and embroidery, while they preferred not to download the sciences.

Despite the fact that Vicki was the first born, her younger brother Albert Edward was the legal heir to the throne. The mischievous prince was called Bertie almost all his life, until he ascended the throne under the name of Edward VII. Then the people renamed him Teddy.

In infancy, Bertie was a wonderful child, plump and calm, but the older he got, the more annoying he caused his mother. Never sparkling with beauty, Victoria hoped that the children would be born in Albert, and not in her, but she was disappointed. She was so angry at their ordinary appearance, as if the children themselves were to blame for this. “I can’t call him handsome because of his too small and narrow head, large features and almost complete absence of a chin,”[110] she made a verbal portrait of her son.

“The hereditary and invariable antipathy of our sovereigns towards their heirs seems to have already taken root in her, and the queen does not love her son”[111], the sarcastic Greville remarked early.

But appearance is not so bad. Perhaps the queen would have gotten used to Bertie’s tiny chin or his white eyes, if he had otherwise resembled his father. But the apple could not fall further from the apple tree.

Bertie grew up as a fighter and a bully: he beat his younger brothers and dragged his sisters by the hair, biting and spitting, tearing books, rolling such tantrums that two pairs of hands could hardly keep him in place. Knives and scissors had to be hidden from the boy – in a fit of anger, he could throw them at anyone (however, his mother did exactly the same in childhood!). He collected a whole collection of sticks and waved them over the heads of the younger ones, laughing at their fright. The servants also got it from the crowned bully. He soiled their uniforms, and once, when he saw how the maid laid out her wedding dress on the bed, he sprinkled it with ink. Concerned about his antics, Baron Stockmar advised his parents not to leave Bertie alone with other children.

Perhaps the Prince of Wales really suffered from some kind of mental illness. Or from the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder that is common in our time. But in Victorian England they did not know such intricate diagnoses. Bad behavior was corrected in the old fashioned way – with rods.

But even here Albert decided to go the other way. Although reluctant, he nevertheless resorted to corporal punishment (“He was so capricious that his father decided to flog him, and the effect was excellent,” Dr. Clark wrote in 1849year). However, Albert did not believe in the magical power of spanking, so he decided to take his son to a phrenologist, the Victorian equivalent of a child psychologist.

Phrenologists measured the size of the patient’s head, various tubercles and depressions, and on the basis of these more than dubious data made a judgment about his character and intelligence. In the 19th century, phrenology was treated with respect, and phrenologists were consulted not only by superstitious people, but also by educated people. Several times the boy was examined by Andrew Combe, a leading specialist in England, and concluded that the prince’s brain, alas, was defective. How can one not remember George III, whose blood poisoned by madness flowed in the veins of the boy? What if Bertie inherited the madness?

Baron Stockmar believed that there is no brain that would not be corrected by systematic training. Bertie needs to be seated at a desk urgently. But study was not given to the Prince of Wales. He could hardly read and write, could not concentrate on one topic for a long time, and, to top it off, he stuttered and burred. Surrounding twitched from his purely German “r”. And where did the English prince pick up such a pronunciation? Didn’t your father teach you?

When his son was seven, Albert began looking for a tutor for him. The task was not easy: Bertie was desperately unlucky with the teachers. His nurse, Mrs Brog, shocked all of England when, in a fit of madness, she slit the throats of her six children. The good-hearted Lady Littleton was of little use: she loved the prince so much that she forgave him any pranks, and with her he would have completely gotten out of hand.

On Dr. Clark’s recommendation, the Reverend Henry Birch, a thirty-year-old bachelor, a graduate of Cambridge and tutor at Eton, where discipline was more than severe, was hired.

The teacher and the student were “grinding” to each other for a long time. At first, Mr. Burch, who came from a wealthy family, was unpleasantly surprised by the requests of the royal couple. Where is it seen that the tutor devoted to work all the time until the last minute? He’s not a lackey. It did not suit him that Sunday was devoted to games, and not to prayers and reflection on the eternal. Even a salary of 800 pounds, in the opinion of Mr. Birch, did not atone for all these inconveniences.

In turn, Bertie did not like the systematic studies promised by Stockmar. All his childhood, he heard his father praise the clever Vika and scold him. On this basis, the boy developed an inferiority complex. Why make an effort at all, if it is already clear that he is a dumbass and brings nothing but disappointment to his parents?

To Mr. Birch, the boy seemed too wayward, disobedient and selfish, “fundamentally incapable of being carried away by any game for more than five minutes.” Nevertheless, the tutor found an approach to him. Noticing that the Prince of Wales was sensitive to criticism, he tried to cheer him up, emphasizing achievements, not mistakes. The lessons had to be adapted to his very modest abilities. Latin began to be taught to him at the age of 10, while Vicki conjugated Latin verbs at the age of 8. And so that Bertie would not be bored in the lessons, Alfred joined his older brother. Mr. Birch believed that a more studious Alfred would have a positive influence on the Prince of Wales. Together, the lessons went more fun.

An even, friendly relationship has been established between Birch and his ward. But it must have happened that Prince Albert decided to count the tutor. It seemed to my father that in two years Bertie had hardly advanced in science, and his character had not improved either.

Mr. Kombe was again invited to Bertie. After taking measurements of the head, the phrenologist mournfully pursed his lips – the brain of the Prince of Wales was useless. “The organs responsible for boasting, aggression, pride, the desire for superiority and the thirst for praise are overdeveloped, and the organs responsible for intelligence are underdeveloped,” concluded the learned gentleman.

From such a diagnosis, it was just right for Albert to grab his head.

“Where did he get his Anglo-Saxon brains? asked the excited father. “Is it really from the Stuarts, since after them the whole dynasty was exclusively of Germanic origin”[112]. A German boy simply cannot have such a problematic brain!

As in the case of Lehzen, Prince Albert immediately found the last one. Kombe hinted that Birch was a bad influence on the boy, because, judging by the structure of the tutor’s skull, his brain was also not all right.

In 1852, despite Bertie’s pleas, Albert refused to renew the treaty with Henry Birch. “I am so unhappy, because Mr. Birch was always kind to me, comforted me and gave me good advice, which made me feel better,”[113] Bertie wrote in his diary with the obvious expectation that his father would read this petition. But Albert was relentless.

Henry Burch left the service without much regret. Two years at court, and even with such a student, pretty exhausted his nerves. In parting, he wrote a report on the successes of the Prince of Wales and expressed the opinion that all his problems were due to a lack of communication. It would be to Eton, to peers. But Albert considered closed schools a breeding ground for vices and did not even want to hear anything about it. What Bertie needs is a more organized system of classes. And at the same time a mentor who can force him to it.

Birch’s successor is Frederick Weymouth Gibbs, a strict, humorless professor from Cambridge. Unlike Birch’s minion of fate, Mr. Gibbs was poor: his father went bankrupt, his mother went mad, and as a child, Frederick was brought up with the children of Professor Sir James Stevens, who recommended his protégé to Albert. Albert considered the candidate worthy.

90,002 A salary of £1,000 seemed like an outrageous amount to Gibbs. He cherished the place and fawned over his employer, ready to fulfill his every wish.

And there was only one wish – to tighten the screws more tightly. Lessons six days a week, five or six hours a day, even during holidays at Osborne and Balmoral. After lessons, gymnastics, horseback riding, dancing and military exercises, until the prince falls off his feet: then he will have no strength left for dirty tricks. In addition to occupations worthy of an aristocrat, the prince was to be taught trades such as carpentry and bricklaying. And in his free time, let him keep a diary so that his parents can appreciate his epistolary style.

The Prince of Wales hated the new tutor. The first time they went for a walk with him, Bertie and Alfred kept silent dejectedly. “You should not be surprised that we are not ourselves today,” Bertie explained. “We’re sorry Mr. Birch left. Isn’t it natural to regret it?” From the ominous silence, the Prince of Wales moved on to fighting. “He threw mud at me, threw a big stick at me … In a fit of anger he hit me with a stick,” Mr. Gibbs wrote in his diary. Albert allowed the tutor to tear the boy by the ears and beat him on the hands with the same stick, but these measures did not bring results.

New complaints appeared in the tutor’s diary: “I had to do arithmetic with the Prince of Wales. He immediately flew into a rage, threw the pencil into the corner of the classroom, kicked a chair, and could hardly control himself. (…) He became extremely angry when I decided to study Latin with him: he threw himself at everything that came to hand, made faces, called me names and for a long time could not calm down. (…) He was rude to me, especially during the day, and threw stones at my face”[114]. And so on ad infinitum.

Alfred began to adopt the habits of his brother, so it was decided to teach the boys separately. Now Bertie suffered from loneliness. Apart from siblings and occasionally cousins, he had little to no contact with other children. Sometimes well-born schoolchildren from nearby Eton were brought to Windsor, but the boys’ games did not stick. Albert was always pacing around somewhere, worried. As Charles Wynn-Kirrington, a former Etonian, later wrote: “Personally, I was scared to death of him, and when one day he suddenly jumped out from behind the bushes, I fell from the swing from fright and almost broke my neck” [115]. He also claimed that the prince was very afraid of his father.

* * *

The third child in the royal family was Alice Maud Mary, who was born on April 25, 1843. The godmothers of the girls were the Duke of Cumberland and Albert’s brother Ernst. A brute and a libertine is not the best company. Alice did not wait for support from them.

As soon as she could walk, Alice ran with her tail after her older sister, with whom she shared a bedroom. By nature, Alice was the complete opposite of Vicki. She was distinguished by enthusiasm and perseverance, while Alice grew up as a quiet, withdrawn child. And an introvert in a large family has a hard time. In the circle of children, Alice was considered the embodiment of submissive femininity, “the angel in the house” – with all the ensuing consequences. Eternal comforter, eternal nurse. When Vicki got married, Alice took care of her elderly grandmother, and she also looked after her father in the last weeks of his life.

Caring for the sick was not a burden to the princess. As a child, she visited the poor in the vicinity of Balmoral, and during the Crimean War, together with her mother, she went to hospitals and cheered up the wounded. Alice would make an excellent nurse, similar to her idol Florence Nightingale. But the path to the nurse was closed for the princess, like any other profession.

The fate of Prince Alfred, born August 6, 1844, was also predetermined. By agreement with the childless Ernst, Alfred was to become his heir, the new Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Ernst hoped to get a nephew in Coburg and raise him as his own son, but Albert did not scatter children. Moreover, if Prince Bertie happened to die, Alfred would become the English king. And that would be a good deal…

Affi was strikingly different from his older brother, and for the better. He was much smarter than his brother, grasped new things on the fly, finished his lessons when Bertie was still scratching his pen and making faces. At the same time, the tomboy Affi was not at all an exemplary boy and constantly got into trouble. He jumped from windows, galloped through raging streams, climbed on unbroken horses. At Balmoral, he rolled down the stairs and almost crushed his skull, hitting his head on the stone floor. Every prank ended in a scolding, if not a spanking, but Affy didn’t care.

Alfred inherited his love for dogs from his parents, although he pushed it to the limit. His rooms were full of dachshunds and terriers, dogs slept on his beds and sofas, and a whole flock ran after him through the garden. The prince taught them to show tricks, which delighted their parents. Victoria boasted that, if he were not her son, he could earn a living performing in the circus.

But such a prospect did not appeal to him. From childhood, Affi dreamed of the sea and dreamed of a career in the navy. Encouraging his son, Albert gave him barometers and took him to ride on a yacht, with which the boy managed much better than Albert himself.

Duke Ernst was offended: what is the use of Alfred from a naval career if there is not even a sea in Coburg? But Albert would rather let his son go on a round-the-world voyage than to the house of a prodigal relative. It is clear what Ernst will teach the boy.

In 1856, Alfred joined the Navy, and a year later began training at the Naval School of Alverstock. The school was located near Osborne, which made the queen very happy – she loved to have all her children at her side.

* * *

Princess Helena Augusta Victoria was born on 25 May 1846. Speaking about her children, Victoria did not prevaricate, and Elena got not the most pleasant characteristic: “Poor dear Lenchen, although she is so capable, mobile, smart and good-natured, her appearance is not getting better, and she also has serious difficulties with her figure” [ 116].

Lenchen was neither Vicky’s sharp wit nor Alice’s refined melancholy. Her studies were not shaky, not fluffy, needlework was not given, and she drummed on the piano keys so that her parents’ ears were blocked.

More than anything, Lenchen loved horses. Like Victoria, she was excellent in the saddle, although she was upset that, as a lady, she had to sit sideways on a horse. She was more comfortable in the stable than in the palace. She could run around in a soiled dress and tie up her hair with a dirty ribbon, somersault in front of the courtiers, or run from Windsor to Eton to watch football.

Victoria was horrified by her rude manners and incessantly scolded her daughter. Albert was more tolerant of her. Together with Bertie and Affi, he took her to the yacht “Fairy” and noted that Lenchen was keenly interested in the operation of machines (unlike Bertie, who is all tryn-grass).

Birth of Princess Louise, March 18, 1848, came at a turbulent time. Revolutions shook Europe, crowns fell off their heads, and England turned into a camp for titled refugees. Having been born in such a turbulent time, Louise is a real rebel.

He easily overshadowed the sisters – the plump Vicki, the sad Alice, whose beauty was spoiled by a long Coburg nose, and the simple Lenchen. The fourth sister seemed like a princess from a fairy tale: exquisitely beautiful, with blue eyes and a mane of golden hair flowing over her shoulders, like a maiden from the canvases of Pre-Raphaelite artists. In her studies, she did not lag behind other sisters, but she painted much better than them, and later took up sculpture.

Prince Arthur William Patrick Albert was born on May 1, 1850, the same day as the Duke of Wellington, so he was named after the hero-commander. The name left a seal on his entire future life: if Alfred dreamed of a fleet, then his brother dreamed of becoming a soldier.

As a child, he squealed with joy when he heard a military band, and every day ran to see the changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace. His parents, as best they could, encouraged his interests: for his birthday he received soldiers in the uniforms of various regiments as a gift, and on Christmas 1855 he himself was sewn a guards uniform with a high bear’s hat.

Victoria often painted him in this uniform. Calm and friendly, Arthur was her favorite. In her opinion, he was more like Albert than the rest of the children, and it was he who inherited dad’s slender legs. At the children’s balls at Buckingham Palace, as, indeed, at the wild midnight festivities at Balmoral, Arthur was allowed to dance until late. Mom admired his legs, over which the kilt flew up, but Bertie’s sharp knees made her want to cry.

* * *

Prince Leopold, Victoria’s penultimate child, was nicknamed “the worry child” in the family. But the birth of Leopold on April 7, 1853 was the easiest of all! Dr. Snow from Edinburgh first gave a woman in labor anesthesia, putting a handkerchief soaked in chloroform on her face. The easy delivery of the queen opened a new era in the history of obstetrics. Since the queen herself gave the go-ahead, women all over England began to demand pain relief from doctors. Eve’s daughters were no longer going to give birth in agony.

But even anesthesia did not save Victoria from postpartum depression. This time it was especially difficult. For days on end, the queen either fell into a stupor, then flew at her husband with reproaches, and once gave him a scolding for having incorrectly compiled a catalog of engravings. Tired of the scenes, Albert locked himself in his office and scribbled a memorandum for her, in which he appealed to her common sense and asked her to control herself. The memorandum began with a condescending address, “Dear Child.”

When Victoria got out of her depression, she had a new cause for grief. Leopold grew up as a thin and sickly child, and when he fell, terrible bruises remained on his body, which did not go away for weeks.

It didn’t take long for doctors to make a diagnosis – rare, but already described in the medical literature. Hemophilia. An inherited blood disorder passed from mother to son. With a bleeding disorder, any scratch could be fatal, so people with hemophilia rarely survived even into adolescence.

Modern scientists believe that Victoria herself became the first carrier of the hemophilia gene in the family, although it cannot be excluded that the mutation happened in her mother. When the “grandmother of Europe” entangled all the dynasties in a network of closely related marriages, they received a monstrous gift along with the dowry of her daughter and granddaughter. With each new generation, more and more princes suffered from blood incoagulability, and the disease that shortened their lives was called “royal”.

Apparently, the doctors never revealed to the royal couple the whole truth about their son’s illness. Why disturb the queen once again if the disease is incurable anyway? At the very least, Albert treated his son’s illness as if it were something like epilepsy, and hoped that in time the boy would outgrow it. Although he, of course, will need a special regime and constant supervision.

Leopold’s childhood passed rather dull. Unlike his brothers and sisters, he was not often taken for walks and trips, was not invited to balls (he would suddenly get hurt), they were not called to hunt (God forbid he would cut himself). The boy’s days passed in the nursery, where he lay on the couch and devoured books, the main consolation for lonely children.

Father tried not to leave his attention, but in the late 1850s the prince was busy with state affairs, and the other eight children did not give him rest. And Victoria simply did not know how to relate to a strange child. Her son’s illness had a depressing effect on her. She loved cute, chubby babies, and when Leo was five, she wrote to Vicki that he was “very ugly.” “This is a smart and funny, but some kind of ridiculous child,”[117] she added.

Leopold took to heart the scandals of his parents about his treatment and daily routine. Over the years, the pain has not lessened. When his nephew and godson Fritti died from internal bleeding, Leopold wrote lines to Alice, from which emanates hopeless longing: “I keep repeating to myself that … the poor boy escaped all the torments and trials that the life of an invalid is full of, like, for example, mine … When little Fritty left us, people kept repeating “it’s for the best”, anyway he wouldn’t be healthy and so on. And then I said to myself: “Now, if I am gone, everyone will repeat the same thing,” and I felt so bitter in my soul. But some time later, I myself, it seems, realized the validity of this statement.

On April 14, 1857, Beatrice, the last child of Victoria and Albert, was born. “The most charming of all of us, just a little fairy” [119] – touched by her sister Vicki. Parents pampered little Beatrice and called her Baby – Baby, as the youngest child was always called in English families. But then no one knew that Beatrice would have to remain Baby for the next 30 years.

Biggest American School Massacre: Nearly 30 Killed | e1.ru

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“I feel unpleasant and uncomfortable.” A teenager who “fried food” on the Eternal Flame explained his act located 130 km northeast of New York. Its consequences turned out to be much more tragic and large-scale than it initially seemed from the mean reports. Reuters reports that 27 people were killed, including 18 elementary school children. It’s probably the whole class.

According to initial information from local media, there were two shooters. Now the police say that he was still alone and died on the spot. This is a 20-year-old man, somehow connected with the school. He is obviously not the right age for the role of apprentice, but he could be a former apprentice or an employee. According to some reports, his mother worked as a teacher at the school, and she is among the dead. Two pistols were found at the crime scene, from which he fired. His motives are not named.

There is also evidence that in the early morning before this attack, a young man shot his father, who was in New Jersey, and only then went to Connecticut. As for the mother, the police work in her house, but journalists do not yet know if she was shot there or at school, along with other people.

According to some, yet unconfirmed reports, the fire was opened by the father of one of the kids. AP reports conflicting reports: the shooter used a rifle.

According to the mother of one of the students, who was in the building of the educational institution at the time of the tragedy, the criminal, whose face was wearing a mask, entered the director’s office, after which several shots were fired.

The Daily Telegraph, citing CNN, names the shooter: Ryan Lanza. He was found dead in one of the classrooms, but it is not yet known whether he shot himself or was killed by the police. One arrest is also reported in a wooded area nearby, but his connection with the deceased is not clear. “I didn’t do it!” shouted the unknown detainee as he was led away by the police. He was wearing camouflage trousers and a dark jacket. Now he is being interrogated, but he is not yet considered a suspect.

The incident happened around 9:30 local time (18:30 Moscow time). In total, about 625 children study at the school. The police arrived at the scene. All schools and kindergartens in the city were closed.

The Newtown Patch website, in the first hours after the tragedy, reported that the police spotted the suspected vehicle of the attackers – their black Honda is in the school parking lot.

RIA “Novosti” reports: parents of students told WVIT TV channel that the director of the educational institution was killed, but this information has not been officially confirmed. There is also information about the deceased school psychologist.

According to ITAR-TASS, the victims have been taken to local hospitals. Among them is a teacher who was wounded in the leg. The condition of the wounded is assessed as very serious.

ABC News notes that the shooter was wearing body armor at the time of the attack. If this is true, the moment is remarkable: in the state of Connecticut, the purchase of such vests is strictly regulated. This means, for example, that the shooter could not have bought a bulletproof vest on the Internet, and also had to prove that he did not commit serious offenses.

Newtown is located 130 km northeast of New York. In total, about 625 children aged 5 to 10 study at the school where the shooting took place.

White House press secretary Jay Carney said that President Barack Obama is monitoring the situation. “I know that the President is a father like me and like other fathers, and of course we all have great sympathy for the affected families right now,” the spokesman added.

Columbine massacre and dozens of other tragedies

In the United States, where the second amendment to the constitution guarantees the right of citizens to keep and bear arms, tragic incidents of this kind occur quite often. Earlier this week, a gunman opened fire at a shopping mall in Portland, Oregon, killing two people.

Other Massacres at US Educational Institutions: In the spring of 2007, America was rocked by the tragedy at Virginia Tech University, where student Cho Sen-hu shot 32 people and then committed suicide.

This tragedy surpassed in its consequences the massacre at Columbine High School in the town of Littleton, Colorado on April 20, 1999, which became one of the worst in educational institutions in US history (REFERENCE). Then two young men, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, broke into Columbine School with weapons. In four and a half hours, they killed 12 fellow practitioners and one teacher and wounded dozens of students before committing suicide.

Similar bloody incidents happened repeatedly later. So, in February 2008, a former student of the University of Northern Illinois, 27-year-old Stephen Kazmirchak, opened fire in the auditorium of the educational institution and then committed suicide. 6 people were killed, including the shooter, 18 were injured.

Here are some early cases, from the 1990s: On November 14, 1995, in Linkville, Tennessee, 17-year-old Richland School student James Rose shot and killed a teacher and classmate. Another teacher was injured.

On September 17, 1996, 19-year-old Gilia Robins killed and wounded a student on the Pennsylvania State College campus.

On October 1, 1997, in Pearl, Mississippi, 18-year-old Luck Radham stabbed his mother to death, then killed two girls at school and wounded four others.

December 1, 1997 at Paducah, Kentucky College, 14-year-old Michael Kerneel killed three people and injured five.

On March 24, 1998, at a school in Jonesboro, Arkansas, 11-year-old Andrew Golden and 13-year-old Mitchell Johnson shot four of their classmates and a teacher with automatic weapons, nine children and a teacher were injured.

April 25, 1998 in the city of Edinboro (Pennsylvania) 14-year-old eighth grade student Andrew Verst shot and killed a teacher and then wounded two students.

On May 21, 1998, in Springfield, Oregon, 15-year-old student Kipland Kinkel killed his parents and then opened fire with a semi-automatic rifle in the school cafeteria. 2 people were killed and 23 injured.

May 20, 1999 in the building of the high school “Heritage” in Conyers (Georgia), one of the students opened fire indiscriminately at schoolchildren. Six students were injured.

On October 4, 1999, a 17-year-old student at the Bartram School in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, shot a teacher with a pistol.

On December 7, 1999, a 13-year-old high school student in Fort Gibson, Oklahoma opened fire on a group of children. Four students were injured.

On February 29, 2000, at an elementary school in Mount Morris, Michigan, a six-year-old first grader killed a classmate with a pistol. The shooter became the youngest student killer in the United States.

On March 5, 2001, a 15-year-old teenager opened fire with a pistol in a school in Santee, California. As a result of the incident, two students were killed and 13 people were injured.

On January 16, 2002, 3 people died and 3 people were injured in a shooting at a school in Virginia.

On April 7, 2003, a student at Nitchitoches Technical College, Louisiana opened fire with a pistol at students in one of the classrooms during class. One student was killed and another wounded.

On April 16, 2003, at the John McDonough School stadium in New Orleans, several teenagers opened fire on students. One student died and four were injured.

March 21, 2005 on the territory of a school in Red Lake (Minnesota) 15-year-old student shot 9 people and committed suicide. More than 15 students are injured.

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Add a comment0000 Trunk – a pillar of democracy?

Another shooting at an American school in Texas and the deaths of 19 children and two teachers in a peculiar (American) way marked the twentieth anniversary of the release of the well-known documentary film Bowling for Columbine by American director Michael Moore.

That film received recognition both from documentary filmmakers and the public, which resulted in the awarding of M. Moore numerous awards. And the film was dedicated to the extremely specific attitude of Americans towards weapons. Firstly, Americans practically idolize weapons, they have a certain cult of weapons as a symbol of masculinity and power, as well as some specific love for them. As one of the American songs says, “Without a weapon my life is useless, and without me my weapon is useless.” And secondly, M. Moore analyzed the causes of the tragic consequences of the use of personal weapons by Americans: the spirit of violence, the glorification of violence, leading to an unusually large number of massacres in the country with the use of firearms. This film was made in 2002 and was associated with a high-profile mass murder that took place in 1999, when two schoolchildren from the small town of Littleton staged a massacre at Columbine School.

Although, in general, the reasons for the unusually high number of deaths from the use of firearms are known. This is the history of the United States, i.e. countries of settlers who conquered territory from the local population with the help of overt violence, and the so-called culture of the Wild West, when all private disputes among themselves were resolved by the Americans not with the help of sheriffs, not in court, but with the help of the Colt. This is also an advertisement for the National Rifle Association, which promotes the purchase of weapons “for self-defense from people who do not respect the laws”, as a result of which, at present, Americans have more guns in their hands than the entire population of the country, including babies. This is also facilitated by the media, for which death (along with sex) is a privileged bait for advertising films. In this sense, even the expression “If it bleeds it leads” (“If blood flows, then it will be interesting”) goes around in the USA. In other words, if there is blood in the film, then it will be an interesting movie. Thus, it cannot be said that M. Moore’s film made any discoveries in this regard. No. The merit of M. Moore, reflected in numerous awards, was that his film was masterfully made from a professional point of view, as well as thanks to a convincing and intelligent selection of material, as well as a logical choice and presentation of evidence.

But our purpose in these notes is not to repeat the well-known causes of unprecedented violence in American society. In this case, we want to draw attention to another very specific aspect of life in this “most civilized of all civilized countries.” And the specificity that we want to draw attention to is the constant glorification by the leadership of the country, the political class and the propaganda apparatus of their political system as the most democratic in the world, this kind of beacon of democracy, to which all other countries should be guided and take an example.

But democracy in this country is a democracy of money; not one person, one vote, but one dollar, one vote. And this became especially clear when, in 2010, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that corporations were individuals. In other words, now corporations are not limited in using money in political advertising. Therefore, the huge amount of money spent by the National Rifle Association and other gun manufacturers on the propaganda of weapons “for self-defense”, and the use of this money to bribe congressmen, makes itself felt. Therefore, the status quo is maintained, and arms dealers are making huge profits. And the public demand to do something to reduce the victims of the use of firearms cannot be realized.

But due to the increase in the cases in question and the increase in the number of victims of massacres, the public is increasingly raising the question of politicians to take effective measures, if not to the complete elimination of this shameful phenomenon in the life of the “most civilized country”, then at least to reduce its consequences. While there were 11,000 gun victims in the country in the year of the Columbine massacre, at the time of the massacre in Texas, there were already 27 school massacres and 17,202 victims of this type of crime. According to a 2018 CNN study comparing similar crimes in G7 countries between 2009and 2018, there were 57 times more such crimes in the US than in other G7 countries combined. And in the whole country this year there have already been 213 massacres.

And due to the frequency of this phenomenon, the calls from the public are getting louder and louder. But the frequency of calls does not give any practical results. On the contrary, everything remains the same, except for the increase in victims. In other words, an increase in votes in favor of tighter regulation of the circulation of weapons does not translate into a political decision. This position was very clearly illustrated relatively recently by the statement of the Nobel Prize winner in economics, J. Stiglitz. Answering one of the questions of a journalist from the London newspaper The Guardian, he said: “In the US, 70% or more of Americans want an increase in the minimum wage, 70% or more demand stricter gun control, but our democracy allows those who do not fall into these 70%, to prevent the required changes.” And on May 30 of this year, the same newspaper published an article by Rebecca Solnit with a headline that practically reproduced the statement of J. Stiglitz: “Mass murder in the USA will continue until the majority can overcome the minority who earn big money on the status quo and perpetuate it “. This is what democracy is like in “the most democratic country in the world.”

Anatoly VERBIN

Night of Museums will be held in Denver / USA : Museums / Travel.ru

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09:05, 04 November 2010 Denver Museum of Art // tufts. edu

Within the framework of the Art Week, which will be held in Denver, Colorado, USA from November 5 to 13, the Night of Museums will take place. 18 city museums on November 6 will work free of charge from 17.00 to 22.00. And those wishing to join the art will deliver free buses along a specially designed route.

Visitors can enjoy painting at the Denver Art Museum, ride vintage trains and cars on display at the Museum of Transportation, visit the nation’s largest dinosaur exhibit at the Museum of Nature and Science, learn how beer is brewed at the Coors Brewery, and end the walk at beautiful works sculptor Henry Moore in the Botanical Gardens.

Museum Night also includes free admission to the Black American West Museum and the Kirkland Museum of Fine and Applied Arts (which hosts an exhibition on Mad Men), according to eTurboNews. The Museum Night is also attended by the Children’s Museum of Denver, the museum of the Denver suburbs of Littleton and Golden (Golden), The Cell cultural center with an exhibition on terrorism and others. Throughout the night, local residents and tourists will be entertained by musicians and actors.

In total, over 200 events will take place during the annual Denver Arts Week: tours and exhibitions, performances and workshops, discount promotions in stores and culinary parties. (translated by Travel.ru)

Source: eTurboNews

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