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External links

• Official website of the city of Lenoar
• City Charter

Rob Amberg

Rob Amberg (Born in 1947 in Washington, Kolumbia) , North Carolina photographer, folklorist, and chronicler of the small mountain community of Madison County, Revere, North Carolina (also known as Sodom or Sodom Laurel), which he portrayed in his Laurel album of Sodom . ^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} Amberg was awaiting the completion of I-26 from Charleston, South Carolina to the Tennessee Tri-City area (Bristol-Kingsport-Johnson City) and, starting in 1994, began photographing, interviewing, and collecting objects to document a section of the nine-mile stretch of I-26 through some of North Carolina’s most spectacular views and some of the world’s oldest mountains—a project that contributed to the publication of his book New road . ^{[5] [6]} His documentary photographs are held in the collection at the Duke University Library. ^[7]

Content

• 1 Biography
  • 1.1 Documentary series
    • 1.1.1 In the archive of the University of DUK
• 4 References

biography

Amberg was educated in Catholic schools and graduated from the University of Dayton in 1969. While there, he produced a slide-tape presentation that introduced him to photography as a tool for social change. After college, he was granted Conscientious Objector project status and spent two and a half years in Tucson, Arizona, where he taught kindergarten as an alternative service. While in Tucson, he produced his “first published photographs—a story about street preachers in a downtown park—and held his first solo exhibition at the Spectrum Gallery.” In 2011, he began working with the American Forest Fund, documenting the relationship between tree farmers and their land. In 2011, he delivered the keynote speech at the American Tree Farm Convention. In July 2012, Amberg began working as a visiting artist at Duke University, working specifically with the Madison County High School Literacy Project.

Since moving to the mountains of North Carolina in 1973, Amberg has been keen to participate in and document mountain life. He lives with his wife, Lesley Stilwell, “on a small farm where they grow orchards and grow shiitake mushrooms, look after various animals, burn wood, and drink water from a mountain spring.” ^[1]

Documentary series

Series at the David M. Rubinstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Duke University include: New Road: I-26 and Traces of Progress , 1978-2004; Sodom Laurel Album , 1975-2001; Endangered agricultural crop , 1984-1999; Correspondence series , 1995-2009 And no date; Printing Series , 1976-2008 And no date; Series Theme Files, 1987-2002 And no date; Letters and research series , 1990s-2008 And no date; and Audio Series , 1997-2001. ^[7]

Duke University Archives

A summary of the Rob Amberg Collection on Duke specifically states: “The gelatin silver engravings and pigmented inkjet color prints in the collection represent three pieces: New road: I-26 and traces of progress ; Sodom Laurel Album ; and Endangered agricultural crop . Amberg focuses primarily on the social life and customs of the rural South, especially in the mountains of his home state of North Carolina. The images range from landscape shots taken before and during the construction of an interstate highway in the mountains of North Carolina, to portraits of people and families affected by changes in rural culture.” ^[7]

Awards and distinctions

He has received awards from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the North Carolina Council for the Humanities, the Center for Documentary Research, and others. In 1998, Rob Amberg and Sam Gray received the Lange-Taylor Award for “I-26: A Corridor of Change” about the changes associated with the construction of a highway in a remote part of the city of Appalachia. In 2004 presented Album Sodom Laurel to the Library of Congress.

Amberg Photo Books

He wrote The Sodom Laurel Album , ^{[8] [9]} which tells the story of the once isolated North Carolina community of Sodom Laurel, a place on the brink of change. It’s about the people who live there and the traditional mountain music that brings them together. Doug Wallin, a member of the Wallin family of singers and ballad singer and narrator Sheila Kay Adams are also featured in this book. ^{[10] [11]} Laurel album of Sodom was published in 2002 by the Center for Documentary Research at Duke and the University of North Carolina Press. ^[12]

In 1994, Amberg began documenting the construction of a new highway, the largest earthmoving project in the history of North Carolina, passing through the most rural and rugged areas of Madison County. This project became a book, New Road . This book was published in 2009 by the American Landmarks Center at Columbia College Chicago.

Quartet is a collection of art by photographers Rob Amberg, Elizabeth Matheson, John Rosenthal, and Caroline Vaughan. ^[13]

Exhibitions

Rob Amberg Exhibition Sodom Laurel and Sheila Kay Adams’ banjo playing, traditional ballad singing and storytelling were featured on Art6 in 2004, a few months after that gallery moved from Artspace to Richmond, Virginia. Additionally, Amberg gave a talk at Art6 along with Virginia-based photographer Jesse Andrews, who has also photographed tobacco town extensively, and both photographers shared their experiences. ^[14]

SodomSong was an exhibition of photographs by Amberg, intended to accompany the district part of the National Endowment for the Humanities “suitcase” exhibition called New Harmonies . ^[15]

The Z. Smith Reynolds Library at Wake Forest University presented the photographic exhibition Above Amberg and its accompanying documentary, also called Above and produced by Kim Dryden and Joe Cornelius in the largest exhibition in the library’s history. The film follows folk singer Sheila Kay Adams “as she struggles to keep her family’s ballad traditions alive while trying to overcome the loss of her husband.” 9 “Rob Amberg: Forty Years in the Appalachians – The Devil’s Tale”. Devil’s Tale . November 10, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2017. Rob Amberg traveled to the Appalachians in North Carolina during the peak of ground-to-ground movement. This was the time when hippies and artists took John Prine’s advice and “blew up [their] televisions, threw away [their] papers, went to the country and built [them] a house.” At that time, all sorts of people were leaving for the mountains, and Amberg arrived there in 1973 with the suspicious title of a documentary photographer. 9 “Rob Amberg Photography Exhibition and Over the House Documentary” ZSR Library 2012-09-12 Retrieved February 13, 2017

10 FABULOUS B&Bs in Tennessee [2022 issue] ]

issue time: 2022-08-21

Quick navigation

• Bed and Breakfast Accommodation in Tennessee
• The 10 Best B&Bs in Tennessee
• Final Thoughts on Bed and Breakfasts in Tennessee

Hot fried chicken, honey whiskey and country music are just a few of the things you can expect when visiting Tennessee. This narrow state borders eight other states, making it one of America’s most culturally diverse and unique places to visit. visits.

If you want to experience the South in all its glory, then you certainly want to stay where good southern hospitality reigns. Oh, hello bed and breakfast!

Choosing to stay at one of Tennessee’s finest bed and breakfasts is a sure way to ensure you get the best service imaginable while visiting this incredible state. breakfast are usually family-run, exuding a warm and welcoming atmosphere, you will also enjoy homemade food, cozy living spaces and being close to all major attractions.

Whether you prefer a rural retreat or a bustling urban B&B, this state has an array of incredible B&Bs that guarantee you a taste of Southern hospitality.

Does this all sound good to you? Well then, read on to find out which are the best bed and breakfasts in Tennessee.

In a hurry, in a hurry? Here’s where to stay in Tennessee for one night0346

Just a short drive from downtown Nashville, this cozy bed and breakfast is close to a variety of great outdoor family activities. Guests have access to the entire home, including the kitchen, deck, and huge garden. whenever you want and take advantage of the breakfast served every morning!

NEAREST POINTS OF INTEREST:

• LL Burns Park
• Harpet River State Park
• Adventureworks Nashville West

Is this amazing Tennessee B&B booked for your dates? We got your back with our other favorite properties below!

Tennessee B&B Accommodation

Staying at a Tennessee B&B is a bit like staying in your own home away from home. You can expect very friendly local hosts to welcome you. you in their homes and share the best recommendations for things to do. If you’re tired of stuffy hotel rooms, a stay at a B&B will offer you a more homely atmosphere, combined with excellent service, similar to what you would expect from a hotel.

The best thing about B&Bs in this state is their location. Whether you’re looking for a secluded lakeside getaway or a boutique neighborhood within the city, Tennessee B&Bs are scattered across all four corners of the state , making them a great option for all types of travelers. If you take a trip to Tennessee, you’ll never be too far from your next B&B.

What to look for in a Tennessee B&B

Of course, the first thing you need to consider when planning any trip to Tennessee is location. Tennessee is home to some of the most scenic hills, including the Great Smoky Mountains, but there’s more to see than natural beauty. City of Nashville known as the birthplace of country music, and throughout the city you’ll find many historic buildings and beautiful parks.

Choose whether you want to relax in the city or in the countryside, and then choose from there.

Most of the best bed and breakfasts in Tennessee include breakfast in the rate, as it says in the title. However, other meals may not be included, and if you like to cook for yourself, you should also check to see if there is they have a kitchen for self catering.

You can look forward to many home comforts such as Wi-Fi, a TV, a separate living room, and sometimes even an outdoor seating area. If you need extra luxury, see if there are additional services such as welcome drinks, late-night desserts and laundry services.

You can expect to have your own private room (usually with a private bathroom) at a B&B, but sometimes they may have a shared bathroom. If this bothers you, be sure to select “private bathroom » in search filters. If you choose wisely, it’s not that hard to choose a room with incredible views and balconies to enjoy.

If you’re planning to spend any length of time in Tennessee, there are plenty of long term rental options. If so, you can find a place with free parking and laundry facilities to use on your own.

Airbnb has the largest selection of bed and breakfasts in Tennessee. This platform makes it easy to find the perfect property for you by allowing you to filter according to various amenities and adjust your price range. If you’re traveling with a young family, make sure the property you have chosen is child-friendly and includes cots, toys and other valuable amenities.

OVERALL BEST BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE

OVERALL BEST BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE

Cozy and modern B&B near Nashville

• > $
• > 2 guests
• > 7 acre property with breathtaking views
• > 20 minutes outside Nashville to Kingston Springs

BEST BUDGET BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE

BEST BUDGET BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE

Country B&B with kitchen and laundry access

• > $
• > 2 guests
• > Spacious room with breakfast
• > In Clinton

BEST BED AND BREAKFAST FOR COUPLES IN TENNESSEE

BEST BED AND BREAKFAST FOR COUPLES IN TENNESSEE

Luxury Suite at Historic Church B&B with Courtyard

• > $$$
• > 2 guests
• > Gourmet breakfast served daily
• > Close to galleries and shops in Humboldt

BEST GROUP OF FRIENDS BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE

BEST GROUP OF FRIENDS BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE

4-bed B&B on golf course

• > $16
• > 10 guests
• > Great views, swimming pool and hot breakfast
• > At Laurel Valley Golf Course, Townsend

INCREDIBLE LUXURY BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE

INCREDIBLE LUXURY BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE

Luxury Historic B&B with Jacuzzi

• > $$$$
• > 2 guests
• > Cleaning, breakfast and daily dessert included
• > Mountain view in Sevierville

BEST BED & BREAKFAST FOR FAMILYS VISITING TENNESSEE

BEST BED AND BREAKFAST FOR FAMILYS VISITING TENNESSEE

Historic Downtown Inn with Pets and Kitchenette

$

>$

6

• > 4 guests
• > Modern and spacious suite with air mattress and baby cot
• > On the main street of Sweetwater

BEST BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE FOR TRAVELERS

BEST BED AND BREAKFAST IN TENNESSEE FOR TRAVELERS

Memphis Hostel Shared Room with Free Breakfast

• > $
• > $
• > 1 guest
• > Access to common room and kitchen
• > In the Cooper Young area of ​​Midtown Memphis

Tennessee’s Top 10 B&Bs

Now you know what to expect from a Tennessee bed and breakfast. It’s time to take a look at my top 10 B&Bs!

Best value for money in Tennessee – cozy B&B near Nashville

• $
• 2 guests
• 7 ha plot with breathtaking views
• 20 minutes outside of Nashville at Kingston Springs

Just a short drive from downtown Nashville, this B&B property is surrounded by family activities including golf courses, kayaking and zip-lining. This is a great option for all types of travelers.

Guests can enjoy a great bathroom with king size bed and full bathroom at a reasonable price, perfect for any Nashville tourist looking for an affordable getaway away from the dorms.

This is also one of the best B&Bs in Tennessee for extended stays – feel free to use the laundry facilities and park your car on site at no extra charge. view of 7 acres.

Tennessee’s Best Budget B&B – Rustic Self-Catering B&B

• $
• 2 guests
• Spacious room with breakfast
• In Clinton

If you’re on a budget, this hotel is for you. Located in a family home near the Clinton Appalachian Museum, this place will quickly feel like a home away from home.

The bedroom is very spacious, flooded with natural sunlight and has its own bathroom with bathtub and shower.

The hosts will serve you breakfast every morning and invite you to the common areas throughout the house. The price per night is ideal for those who want to save money. Free parking and laundry facilities are included in the rate.

Best B&B for Couples – Luxury Suite in Historic Church

• $$$
• 2 guests
• Gourmet breakfast served daily
• Close to galleries and shops in Humboldt

Situated in the historic town of Humboldt, this B&B is the perfect location for a romantic getaway for couples.Spread out in your beautifully appointed Queen Suite with luxurious linens, antique furniture and fresh flowers.

In fact, The Magnolia Manor is located in a historic chapel and is also available for rent as an event space, making it the best B&B in Tennessee for an escape! It has a gorgeous balcony and backyard, where you can enjoy when the sun shines, and plenty of books, games and a piano to play when the sun shines.

Best B&B for Groups – B&B on Golf Course

• $$$
• 10 guests
• Great views, swimming pool and hot breakfast
• At a golf course in Laurel Valley, Townsend.

As one of America’s most quintessential southern states, Tennessee is the perfect place for a fun-filled trip with your best friends. And let me tell you, this ten-bedroom townhouse in Townsend Hills is the perfect place for a group of friends.

You have access to the entire home, which is set up like a traditional Tennessee American cabin. Expect tall glass windows with great views, cozy fireplaces and an open plan kitchen.

The hosts serve breakfast daily, which you can enjoy on your balcony before heading to the pool or exploring the Smoky Mountains.

Tennessee Luxury B&B – Luxury Historic B&B

• $$$$
• 2 guests
• Cleaning, breakfast and daily dessert included
• Mountain view in Sevierville

Treat yourself to a stay in Sevierville at this fine B&B and experience luxury like no other. The hosts at Blue Mountain Mist go above and beyond to make sure you don’t have to worry about a thing.

This super inclusive B&B offers hotel amenities with a personal touch, including daily housekeeping, breakfast and even a sweet treat served for dessert every night.

This romantic room features an oversized jacuzzi bathtub with views of the Smoky Mountains. Sophisticated period furnishings combined with contemporary furnishings and contemporary finishes make this one of Tennessee’s top B&Bs for luxury lovers.

Best B&B for Families – Historic Downtown Inn with Farm Animals

• $$
• 4 guests
• Modern and spacious suite with air mattress and baby cot.
• On the main street of Sweetwater

This bed and breakfast is a great family home, offering spacious family rooms with a luxurious feel.Located in a historic building in downtown Sweetwater, you can expect high ceilings, original hardwood floors and tons of natural light throughout. all this space.

The bedroom has a comfy double bed and is big enough to fit an air mattress for two and a baby cot. In fact, feel free to bring your furry family members with you as this B&B is allowed pet friendly. Perfect for a young family, the yard is filled with cute farm animals and there are plenty of cozy places to stay around this B&B.

Tennessee’s Best B&B for Backpackers – Dorm In Hostel Memphis

• $
• 1 guest
• Access to common room and kitchen
• In the Cooper Young neighborhood of Midtown Memphis

Located in a trendy area in the heart of Memphis, this upscale hostel will exceed all tourists’ expectations. You will find yourself in the hype of the city, surrounded by modern street art and century-old buildings. A short walk will take you to many shops, eateries, parks, bars and many entertainment.

Unlike others, this hostel offers free breakfast included in the price of the night.You will also get access to other benefits such as luggage storage, free parking, a common room and even a kitchen. Choose a bed in a dormitory room to socialize or choose separate room for more space.

Tennessee B&B with Views – Overlooking the Smoky Mountains

• $$$
• 2 guests
• Exquisite mountain and valley views
• On a farm in Sevierville

A good view can take any B&B up a notch, and the view of the Smoky Mountains makes this the best B&B in Tennessee with great views. Pigeon Forge, Gatlinburg, Dollywood and the Smoky Mountain National Park, perfect for a relaxing getaway.

Enjoy a full hot breakfast prepared each morning before heading out to explore the area.If you prefer to relax in a bed and breakfast, take advantage of the verandas, patios, picnic areas and walking paths around the hotel.

Tennessee’s Best B&B for Nightlife – Boutique B&B with Bar

• $$$$
• 2 guests
• Indoor bar and roof terrace
• Downtown East Nashville

Nashville is known as the birthplace of country music and the center of dancing, singing and nightlife. If you’ve come to party, you’ve come to the right place. Vandyke B&B is literally a boutique bed and breakfast located above a trendy cocktail bar, so you don’t have to go far to start the evening.

It is located in the heart of Nashville, making it easy to walk or take a taxi around the city and see all the best places to visit in Nashville. Guests can also enjoy access to the rooftop terrace, which is the perfect place to relax at sunset, while the inside the yard serves as a shared workspace for digital nomads.

Tennessee’s Best Party B&B – Private B&B on the Lake

• $$
• 13 guests
• Spacious yard and patio with fire pit and grill
• On a 200 year old working farm in Decatur

With such gorgeous scenery left, right and downtown, Tennessee is the perfect place for intimate events or holiday parties with your loved ones.

Whether you’re looking for an annual family reunion or an intimate wedding ceremony, this is Tennessee’s premier Airbnb B&B for small events, elegant rooms for thirteen guests and room for more.

Set on a 600-acre working farm, the property features a huge lake and many gardens to explore. Depending on the season, you can make use of the BBQ, fire pit and outdoor dining area, or dine inside by the fireplace.

Don’t forget Tennessee travel insurance

Sometimes it’s good to get lost, but it’s good not to get too lost. There are people who want you back safe and sound.

There is one insurance company that The Broke Backpacker trusts with all its wildest shenanigans… World Nomads!

Click the button below to get a quote on your insurance, or read our detailed World Nomads coverage review. And then…let the scams begin. 😉

Final Thoughts on Tennessee Bed and Breakfasts

Tennessee is known for its delicious grilled Southern cuisine, world-class whiskey, and the Smoky Mountain Range. It is also a popular destination for country music and outdoor activities, making its a popular destination for all types of travelers.

Whether you’re looking for a relaxing outdoor family getaway, a fun-filled bachelorette party, or a historic city perfect for a romantic weekend away, Tennessee is sure to exceed your expectations in every way.

After looking through my list, I hope you have noticed one of the best B&Bs in Tennessee. Do you have a favorite? Let me know in the comments.

Don’t forget to take out international travel insurance for your entire group before you travel. You don’t want to end up in a difficult situation in a foreign country, so it’s always better to be safe than sorry.

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The importance of studying the national holidays of the country of the language being studied in preschool educational institutions

MUNICIPAL
BUDGET PRESCHOOL

EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTION COMBINED KINDERGARTEN

№14
“RAINBOW”.

Methodological work on the topic:

« Significance of studying
holidays of the country of the language being studied in preschool educational institutions”

Author: Loginova M.S.

additional teacher

education MBDOU

Kindergarten №14 “Rainbow”.

Moscow
region

City
Lobnya

2016

“…I
looking through the treasures of the ancient wise men,

who
left us the latest in their writings;

and if we
meet something good,

borrow
and we consider it a great profit for ourselves…”

Socrates

Abstract.

Preschool age especially
favorable for starting to learn a foreign language: children of this age
are particularly sensitive to linguistic phenomena, they have an interest in
understanding their speech experience, the “secrets” of the language. They are light and durable
remember a small amount of language material and reproduce it well.

through a foreign language learner
learns the culture, holidays and traditions of the people who speak it. Process
the study of a foreign culture goes from the particular (language structures) to the general
(knowledge and understanding of culture). However, foreign culture can be understood
only when compared with the native culture, with the knowledge that is already
mastered by the student.

Purpose of this
methodical work is the study of the national holidays of the United
Kingdoms of Great Britain and the United States of America, as well as a selection
the most suitable holidays for the perception of pupils of preschool
educational institution, in order to increase motivation to learn English
language as a foreign one.

Content.

1st Introduction……………………………………………………………………4

2nd Holidays
United Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America………………………………………………………………………………………………6

Section 1 .
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland……………………………………………………………………….…6

1.1 Short
history and geographical position of Great Britain and Northern Ireland………………………………………………………….6

1.2 National
UK holidays…………………………….….8

Section 2 .
United States of America……………………………..…….15

2.1 Brief
history and geographical position of the United States of America………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………15

2.2 National
US holidays……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………17

Section 3. National
UK and US holidays…………….23

3.1 Analysis
similarities and differences in the cultural traditions of the USA and Great Britain………. 23

3.2 Selection of national
holidays for children learning English as a foreign language………………………………………………………..26

………………….……………………..29

9000 9000
Holidays
United Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America.

Section 1. Connected
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

1.1.
Short
history and geographical location of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Great Britain or the United
Kingdom;
full official form – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland (eng. The United
The Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is an island nation in the northwest of Europe. UK – one
from the largest states of Europe, a nuclear power,
permanent member of the UN Security Council.
Great Britain is considered the birthplace of modern parliamentary democracy. The form
government is a parliamentary monarchy.

The state is located in the British Isles (the island of Great Britain,
northeastern part of the island of Ireland, as well as a large
the number of smaller islands and archipelagos) in the Atlantic Ocean.
It is washed by the Northern, Irish, Celtic and Hebrides seas.
The southeast coast is located only 35 km from the north
coasts of France, which
separated by the English Channel

The state consists of four
“historical provinces”: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland (Fig. 1). The form
administrative-territorial structure – a unitary state, although three
of the four historical provinces (except England) have a significant degree
autonomy.

The capital is the city of London, one of
the largest cities of Europe and the most important world financial and economic center.

The official language is English.

Each country of the United
The kingdom has its own system of administrative and geographical
division, which often comes from the time before the emergence of the state
Great Britain.

England
slightly more than half of the entire territory of the UK,

Fig.1

covering 130 395
km². Most of it consists of lowlands. Uplands focused on
north (Pennines)
and northwest (Cumberland
the mountains). Among the latter, the highest peak in England is Scafell Pike (978
m). The longest rivers are the Thames, the Severn and the Humber.

Scotland
just under a third of the UK, covering 78,772
km². It includes about eight hundred islands, mainly in the west and north of
main territory. Among them, it is worth highlighting the Hebrides, Orkney and
Scottish Isles.
The topography of Scotland is largely determined by the Highland Boundary Fault,
which crosses Scotland from the Isle of Arran to
west to Stonehaven on
east. A fault line separates two completely different regions: the Northwest
highlands (Highlands) in the northwest and Lowlands in
southeast. The rugged Highlands contain almost all the mountains of Scotland,
including Ben Nevis,
which, with a height of 1343 m, is the highest point in the British Isles.

Wales
less than one tenth of the entire territory of Great Britain,
covering 20,779 km². Wales is mostly mountainous, though
South Wales is less mountainous than the rest. main population and
industrial zones are located in South Wales, including coastal
the cities of Cardiff, Swansea and Newport.
The highest mountains in Wales are located in Snowdonia
including Mount Snowdon 1085 m
height). The coastline of Wales has 1200 km of the longest
Anglesey is an island
northwest.

North
Ireland
only 13,843 km² and mostly hilly. Here it is
lake Loch Neagh,
the largest lake in the British Isles (388
km²). The highest point in Northern Ireland is Slieve Donard
Morne Mountains
height 852 m

Table 1.

Culture
The United Kingdom is rich and diverse. It was influenced by many factors:
island character of the state, the history of the country as one of the leaders of the Western
democracy and a prominent military-political player, as well as the fact that
the country was formed as a result of the merger of four separate states,
each of which has retained its own traditions, habits and symbols.
Thanks to the British Empire, the influence of British culture in turn
can be traced in the language, culture and legal system of many of the countries of the former colonies, including Australia, Canada, India, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa and the United States.

1.2 UK national holidays

National holidays
UK holidays have been called “bank holidays” since
nineteenth century. The name is easy to explain, because it is these days that banks do not
worked. Many of the banking days have fixed dates, but there are also
those that are celebrated from year to year on different dates.

They don’t work today either
these days have certain features that you should consider if you
planning a trip to the United Kingdom.

Peculiarities of national holidays
in the UK

So, how are these days different in
UK from others:

not
there are no banks, no post office, no other state institutions;

many
private firms and companies are also closed on this day;

on the highway,
highways, roads large traffic jams;

queue in
shops and various entertainment venues can be enough
long;

remove
housing at this time is a little problematic, and the cost of renting or settling in
hotel can cost more.

Most major retailers
centers these days opens its doors to buyers. In many of them
Holiday sales are held. Discounts are quite
palpable, so you’re more likely to run into queues. However, at Easter and
Christmas shops will be closed as required by law.

Number of scheduled buses,
trains and subway trains are dwindling these days, so you need to carefully
plan your trip if you will be using the public one.

For any nation from generation to
generation passed on spiritual values, rules and traditions. Great Britain
has a rich history, which is reflected in the holidays and in
traditions. Holidays are the funniest and most significant part of the traditions. The holiday is
a legislatively or popularly approved event that shows which values
important to this people. This is not just an occasion for meetings and fun, it brings
deep meaning, reflects the connection of times and generations, transfers knowledge, helps
people to feel like part of a whole nation. Looking at the national holidays
you can tell what the country’s location, values, faith and status in the world.

Almost all holidays in Britain
associated with the names of saints. For the British, it is important not only to have fun, but to give
honors to those higher powers that patronize them.

Calendar
UK Holidays

Table
2.

The UK has many traditions and
holidays not found in other countries. British commitment to tradition
manifests itself not only in politics, but also in everyday life. British contrary
logic and common sense adhere to their own system of measures and weights (in a pub –
English beer bar – you will always be served a pint, not half a liter of beer),
left-hand traffic, food traditions (English breakfast is strikingly
distinguished by its solidity and solidity). Tea with milk has long been
the national drink of the British, their indispensable everyday “five o’clock tea” –
not just a strictly established time for eating, but, above all, an occasion for
communication with relatives, friends, colleagues. This famous English
The tradition spread to Europe and the USA.

Section 2.
United States of America

2.1 Brief
history and geographical position of the United States of America

United States
The Americas were formed in 1776 by the union of thirteen British
colonies that declared their independence. The War of Independence continued
to

Fig. 2

1783 and ended in victory
colonists. In 1787 the US Constitution was adopted, and in 1791 – Bill of
rights, which significantly limited the powers of the government in relation to
citizens. In the 1860s, the contradictions between the slave-owning southern and
industrial northern states led to the start of a four-year Civil
war. The victory of the northern states led to the universal prohibition of slavery in the United States and
restored the country after the split that arose when the southern states were united in
Confederation and their declaration of independence.

United States
America, often used the United States, or simply
America
States of America, USA, U.S., America) is a state in North America. Square –
9.5 million km² (4th place in the world). Population – 325 million people (2015, estimate; 3rd
place in the world). The United States has a federated form of the device,

Fig. 3

administratively divided into 50
states and the Federal District of Columbia, they also have a number of
island territories. The capital is the city of Washington. The United States borders on
in the north with Canada, in the south with Mexico, they also have a maritime border with Russia.
It is washed by the Pacific Ocean from the west, the Atlantic Ocean from the east and the North
Arctic Ocean – from the north.

The US population is very diverse
on ethnic and national grounds, so the United States quite reasonably
called a nation of immigrants – from 1790 to 1994. arrived in the country from Europe,
Latin America, Asia and Africa nearly 64 million immigrants.

US state – one of the 50 constituents
administrative-political units whose sovereignty is shared with the federal
by the government of the United States. Due to the division of sovereignty between
U.S. state and U.S. federal government, an American is
a citizen of both the federal republic and the state of his
residence. Not required for voluntary interstate movement
permission, while extradition from one state to another requires the correct
procedures (sometimes problematic). At the same time, according to the US Constitution, citizens
each state is granted all the privileges and benefits of citizens of other states.

US States

Table
4.

2. 2 National
holidays of the United States of America

With all the diversity
nationalities and traditions in the United States, as in any other country, there are primordially American
holidays. Such holidays unite all US citizens, regardless of
religion, nationality and skin color.

There are no federal
(national) holidays. Each of the 50 states individually
proclaims its holidays. However, in practice in most states
Federal (“official” or “state”) holidays are celebrated.
The federal government has proclaimed the next ten public holidays in
Year:

New Year,

Day
Martin Luther King,

Day
presidents,

Day
commemoration,

Day
independence,

Day
labor,

Day
Columba,

Day
Veterans,

Day
Thanksgiving,

Christmas.

Other than public holidays
there are significant dates that are not included in the government calendar, but
that doesn’t stop Americans from celebrating them. All over the continent.

Calendar
holidays of the United States of America

Table
5.

Thus, between holidays in
Great Britain and America have a lot in common. Common holidays, dates and even customs
celebrations. There are many religious holidays and festivals in Great Britain,
related to historical events, such as world wars. In America
many holidays associated with American history. But most holidays
colonists from Great Britain brought to the USA, although there are few traditions of celebrating
have changed.

Section 3.
UK and US national holidays

3. 1 Analysis
similarities and differences in cultural
traditions of the USA and Great Britain

different peoples, the holiday was a special event, it was distinguished from the rest
weekdays, and it had a special meaning in the life of the family, the whole society, the country.
Over the years, many memorable events have been preserved in the festive culture.
dates, and there are many ways to celebrate a particular date. Although
All holidays are varied to some extent, but there is something in common between many
English speaking countries.

Based on the above in the previous chapters, you can make one
main conclusion: the cultural and political traditions of the United States and Great Britain are largely
are very similar. The reason for this similarity is the historical past.
these states. Perhaps it would be appropriate to say that the United States is the brainchild of
Great Britain. How the young state of the USA built its future,
based on democratic principles, and the absence of their historical
traditions and principles contributed to the borrowing of various elements from others
peoples. Great Britain became the “closest” such nation to the USA.

Let’s understand the similarities and differences of cultural traditions
celebrations of significant dates in the UK and the USA.

The main winter holiday – New Year’s Eve for the UK
can only be called a continuation of the festive Christmas days. He is not so
dearly loved and not so widely celebrated. While Americans love this
holiday and celebrate it very noisily starting from December 31st. Tournament of Roses and Parade
pantomimes are associated with the celebration of the new year. The origins of their traditions originated
even in the middle of the last century. Parades are held in major US cities, and in
Great Britain on Trafalgar Square in London put the main Christmas tree of the country.

Christmas
beloved holiday of the British, but it is also widespread among
Americans. It is celebrated on December 25th. This is a Christian holiday, which is usually
celebrated for several days.

Preparing for this holiday, Americans put a Christmas tree in the largest room of the house.
and decorate it with toys and candles, this tradition first appeared among the British.
They began decorating the house and giving gifts of hanging plants such as
holly, ivy and mistletoe. “Each of these plants is associated in its own way with
divine beginning . On this day, the custom of giving gifts appeared,
which finally established itself in Victorian England, before that with gifts
exchanged on the New Year or on the Twelfth Night (the feast of the Epiphany). giving
give someone a gift people usually say “Merry Christmas!” – “Merry Christmas!”. AT
in both countries, children hang stockings on the fireplace and wait for Santa Claus to come at night and
put gifts in it. This custom also originated in Victorian Britain.
“For him, there is such an explanation: “Christmas grandfather” traveled through
air and entered the houses through the chimney. Going down to one of the houses, he
dropped some gold coins into a sock that was hung to dry over the hearth.
Since then, on Christmas Eve, socks and stockings have been hung on the fireplace in
hope that something will fall there.

17
March is St. Patrick’s Day in both the US and the UK. it
originally an Irish holiday that has British roots. Saint Patrick
became so popular in the United States, where the Irish population is quite large, that
the day of the death of this saint is celebrated on a national scale.

B
St. Patrick’s Day, everything is green. Green hats, suits, green
shamrock as a symbol of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. In the US, this
the holiday is most widely celebrated in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago and
Atlanta, where the Irish population is the largest. By tradition in Britain this
day there are costumed parades with brass bands, it is believed that this
the tradition was brought by the Americans. In America every year there is a big street parade
in New York, when the Irish march down the main street of the city, symbolizing
thus the triumph of the Catholic faith, and on a festive morning in the Cathedral
Saint Patrick’s morning mass is held. Every year tens of thousands of pilgrims
many of which, barefoot, climb the holy mountain “Croagh Patrick”,
765 m above sea level. Today, St. Patrick’s – a holiday of spring and
joy, which is celebrated not only in Ireland, Great Britain, but also far
outside of them.

Celebration
Valentine’s Day February 14 in the UK started earlier than in
USA. This day is named after the Christian martyr Valentine.
who was sentenced to death. An order was issued forbidding marriage, but
Valentine disobeyed and secretly married the lovers. In the UK, a special place in
This day is devoted to flowers. As you know, there is a whole alphabet of colors,
through which you can express all your feelings. The British borrowed
the tradition of giving flowers for this holiday among the French at the beginning of the 18th century, and
Americans at the beginning of the last century on Valentine’s Day began to send
marzipan to your loved ones. Later, after the start of caramel production on
sweets began to scratch out the words corresponding to the holiday. Sweets were
red and white. Red meant passion, and white meant purity of love. But the Americans
added to all the others one more tradition: a week before the holiday, schoolchildren
cut out figures in the form of a heart from papier-mâché, paint and make various
inscriptions, and then give to lonely, unfortunate and sick people. The British also
there is a similar tradition: in addition to the gift, they give each other valentines –
postcards in the form of a heart. Now you can buy a variety of valentines,
but the inscription remains unchanged on all postcards: “To You, with Love from
Valentine”.

1
April in these countries is celebrated April Fool’s Day . If in Russia this day is
usually begins with a joke: “Wake up! Overslept for work!”, then in the USA
the media every year, for fun, announce the list of the most stupid
people of the country, warning that they are joking. Some people think that this day
was previously celebrated in many countries as the day of the spring solstice, which
accompanied by jokes, pranks and funny tricks. In Scotland this day
called Cuckoo Day. Usually in the UK, jokes are played on friends and
acquaintances, but the media also takes part. True, there is one feature – time
draws are limited – only until noon.

Day
Mothers in the UK and USA is similar to March 8 in Russia. Roots in the UK
This holiday goes back to Victorian times when children lived and worked
away from their parents, and they were only allowed to visit them once a year. In that
day they gave their parents small gifts – bouquets of flowers and fresh eggs. AT
USA “The origins of the celebration of Mother’s Day, perhaps, should be sought in the holidays of spring,
which the inhabitants of ancient Greece dedicated to Rhea, the mother of the gods. From 1600
year, in England there was a tradition of celebrating Mother’s Sunday. In that
the day, which fell on the fourth Sunday of Lent, mothers were honored.

B
United States Mother’s Day was first publicly celebrated in 1872
Julia Ward Howe, author of the Republican anthem. Calling to dedicate this day
world, every year she organized mass rallies in honor of Mother’s Day in
Boston.” In terms of popularity, this holiday is in fifth place among Americans.
after Valentine’s Day, Father’s Day, Easter and Christmas. On this day children
bring gifts to their mothers and spend some time with her. And in
Great Britain this day passes quite calmly. The women rest and the men
doing housework and preparing dinner.

Other
a holiday celebrated in both countries – Halloween – the eve of All Day
saints. It is celebrated on October 31st. They say that this holiday is at least two
thousand years. “This controversial holiday takes its origins from Celtic culture. At
Celts existed “the beginning of the seasons.” There were four of them. Samhain
marked the arrival of winter and was celebrated on October 31st.

B
In the 7th century, Pope Boniface IV approved November 1 as All Saints Day,
wishing to distract the English people from pagan customs. November 2 later became Day
Shower – when they commemorated all the dead. However, traditions have been preserved in folk
memory, and it was not possible to defeat them to the end. According to another version of his
The Mexicans brought Halloween to America. Now in USA
every year the children dress up in costumes and go house to house to collect candy.
There is a whole code on what kind of candy to give to children. By
When they return home, the parents check which sweets the children have brought. All celebration
ends around 8 pm. On this day, it is also customary to instill fear
on the people, even the media take part in this. After all, Halloween in the USA is,
“in fact, an all-American carnival for which people prepare costumes for a year.”
The tradition of carving holiday lanterns from pumpkins and putting a candle inside was introduced
namely the Americans. Before that, they cut them out of turnips, potatoes, and in England they
beets. Recently, in the United States, a tradition has appeared to play with the symbol of Halloween.
on this day in bowling, but the rules remain the same – who knocked down more balls
and won.

So many
traditions and customs came from Great Britain to the USA and acquired their own features, but
they still go back to the past of Great Britain. For many
centuries, they managed to survive and survive, as well as remain relevant in
modern world of high technology. These customs and traditions still exist today.
and attract many people interested in the study of history and
UK and US cultures.

3.2 Selection
national holidays for children learning English as a foreign language

Learning a foreign language
impossible without contact with the culture, traditions and history of the people,
inhabiting the country. Language and culture are closely interrelated, and this fact does not require
evidence. In the process of mastering a foreign language, a number of
facts that are not related to the study of vocabulary, grammar, phonetics or
style, but rather to the spheres of social, domestic or historical.

Pre-school age especially
favorable for starting to learn a foreign language: children of this age
are particularly sensitive to linguistic phenomena, they have an interest in
understanding their speech experience, the “secrets” of the language. They easily and firmly remember
a small amount of language material and reproduce it well. With age
these favorable factors lose their force.

There is another reason why
early age is preferable for learning a foreign language. The younger
child, the less his vocabulary in his native language, the less
knowledge about the world as a whole.

Learning the culture of a foreign language
in parallel with lexical and grammatical material, the child simultaneously
replenishes his knowledge about the world around him, both his native country and the country of the studied
language.

But at the same time, his speech
needs: a small child has fewer areas of communication than an older child, he still
do not have to solve complex communication problems. That means mastering
foreign language, he does not feel such a huge gap between the possibilities
in his native and foreign languages, and his sense of success will be more vivid than that of
older children.

Holidays, a lot to do with
positive emotions and happy memories. For a child of any age, a holiday is
not only weekend and cultural traditions of the native country, but also the opportunity to more
spend time with family. Therefore, the association with the holiday is always
is positive and this is significant when introducing the cultural traditions of the country of the studied
language. When getting acquainted with the holidays of Great Britain and America, a child
a positive attitude towards the language being studied is automatically formed.

Analyzing the above
material and features of the development of preschool children, singled out from
national holidays of Great Britain and the United States of America are as follows
holidays that, in my opinion, will be interesting for children when learning English
language.

National
UK and US holidays

Table
6.

9000 9000 9000

004

Conclusion

the main cultural traditions of the USA and Great Britain. In many ways they were similar
since the United States took over a certain part of them from England, and some developed into
the course of time in both of these states, which was due to the spread
principles of democracy throughout the world. Historical traditions are of interest from
the point of view of an ordinary layman, or a person interested in distinctive
features of a given state.

In the course of my work, all
the assigned tasks were completed. We got acquainted with national holidays
UK and USA. We studied their role in the cultural life of the country. Revealed similarities
and differences in cultural traditions regarding common holidays, explored the features
holding common holidays and festivals in each of these two countries.

As a result of the work, we picked up
the most suitable activities for joint celebration in preschool
educational institution in the program of teaching English as a foreign language.

The goal of the project has been achieved because I
studied the national holidays of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
United States of America, and also selected the most appropriate holidays for
perceptions of pupils of a preschool educational institution, in order to
increasing motivation to learn English as a foreign language.

I’m sure it works
contains useful information about the cultural traditions of the USA and Great Britain,
help children and adults expand their knowledge on this topic. Besides,
the material I have collected can be used in country studies lessons at school, and
may also be interesting and useful to all those who often travel, study
English or just enjoys learning the traditions of different countries and wants to
expand your knowledge in this area.

4.
Literature

1. Vasiliev, K.M. History of Great Britain:
the essentials / K.M. Vasiliev. – Moscow: Avalon, 2008. – 128 p.

2. UK.//
Wikipedia – // https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

3. Vinokurov
A. M. History and culture of Great Britain: a textbook; Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation,
Tver State University – Tver: TVGU, 2002.

4. Golitsynsky, Yu. B. Great Britain /
Yu.B. Golitsynsky. – St. Petersburg: Karo, 2004. – 480 p.

5. Green
D. R. Britain: A Brief History of the English People. – Minsk, 2007.

6. History
USA.//Wikipedia-// https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

7. Category:Holidays in the UK.//Wikipedia-//https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

8. Cultural and political
traditions of the USA and Great Britain.//Scarlet sails-//http://nsportal.ru/ap/library/drugoe/2014/08/27/kulturno-politicheskie-traditsii-ssha-i-velikobritanii

9. Kingdom of Great Britain.//Wikipedia-
//https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

10. Malkov, V.P. History of England / V.P.
Malkov. – Moscow: progress, 1988. – 224 p.

11. Methodical
development and requirements for it//http://imcmetodika.ucoz.ru/_tbkp/metodicheskaja_razrabotka_i_trebovanija.doc

12. Population
USA.//Wikipedia-// https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

13. National Internet portal
Russian Federation [Electronic resource] / Nat. Center for Legal Information. RF. –
Samara, 2004. – Access mode: http://lawers-ssu.narod.ru. – Access date:
11/17/2011.

14. Features
cultures of the countries of the studied language (England and France), as a key to mutual
understanding between peoples.//Scarlet sails-//http://nsportal.ru/ap/library/drugoe/2013/12/11/osobennosti-kultury-stran-izuchaemogo-yazyka-anglii-i-frantsii-kak-klyuch -k

15. Holidays
Great Britain//All holidays of the world-//http://www.vprazdnik.ru/prazdniki/greatbritan/

16. Holidays
USA.//Wikipedia-// https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

17. Holidays
USA.// Calendar of events// http://www.calend.ru/holidays/USA/

18. Modern United States of America
/ N.I. Asoyan [and others]; under total ed. N.I. Asoyan. – Moscow: Politizdat, 1988. –
542 p.

19. Connected
States of America.//Wikipedia-// https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

20. State
USA.//Wikipedia-// https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

5.
Applications

Celebrations are part of the culture
any country. In order to better understand other people, it is not enough just to
knowledge of the language, it is very important to get acquainted with its history and culture.

5.1
Appendix 1.

Traditions and
Holidays of the UK.

Knowledge

Day
knowledge.

Historical
it so happened that for many years the British Empire owned numerous
colonies. The British preferred to educate their children in the best schools in the metropolis.
Therefore, the schools were boarding in nature – the children saw their parents or
weekends, or generally 2-3 times a year on vacation. This trend in many
schools in the UK is still preserved.

Beginning of September at
In many countries of the world, this is the Day of Knowledge. In the UK, as well as in our
country, children go to school in early September. But the age of first graders is 5
years.

Academic year in
England starts, like ours in September. What is unusual for us – schools
They don’t always open on the first day of the month, and certainly not on Monday.
Probably, according to the British, Monday is not the best day to go to school.
The first Tuesday in September is a great day to go to school.
Lessons here start at 9:00. They do not have time to start studying, as already at 11:00
a glass of milk or orange juice awaits them. 12:30-13:00 everyone is already going to lunch.
Lessons in England are a little different than in Russia. Here for children often
games, movie screenings, communication with animals and so on. And one more
plus: in this country they don’t go to classes on Saturday and Sunday.

Apple Day .

Apple
day.

Apple Day
Apple Day is an unofficial holiday that takes place annually in the UK.
October 21 (or the nearest day off to this date).

Annual
event dedicated to apples, orchards and local
attractions, which is arranged on the initiative of a charitable
Common Ground organization since 1990. The organizers believe that Apple Day is
it is a celebration and demonstration of the diversity and richness of nature, as well as
incentive and sign to the fact that we ourselves are able to influence the changes taking place
around. The idea of ​​the Day is that the apple is a symbol of the physical,
cultural and genetic diversity, which man should not forget.

Apple Day
you can see and taste hundreds of different varieties of apples, and many of them
available varieties are not sold in conventional stores. Nursery staff
offer to buy rare varieties of apple trees. Often a service is involved in the holiday
identification of apples, which will determine what kind of apple you brought from the garden. A with
“apple doctor” can discuss all the problems of apple trees in your garden.
On the day of the holiday, a competition is held for the longest strip of peel (The
Longest Peel Competition), which is obtained by peeling an apple. Competition
it is carried out both for manual cleaning of an apple, and for cleaning with a machine
or other device. The longest apple peel is listed in the Book
Guinness records. The world record entry reads: the record for the longest
broken apple peel belongs to American Kathy Walfer, who
peeled an apple for 11 hours and 30 minutes and got a peel 52 meters long 51
centimeter. The record was set on 16 October 1976 years old in New York.

Halloween .
Halloween.

Halloween (English Halloween, All Hallows’ Eve or All Saints’ Eve) —
a modern holiday dating back to the traditions of the ancient Celts of Ireland and Scotland, whose history began on
the territory of present-day Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

According to Oxford
dictionary of the English language, the word “Halloween” was first mentioned in the 16th century as
Scottish abbreviation of the English phrase All-Hallows-Even
all saints ). So at that time they called the night before All Saints’ Day.
This holiday was associated with the end of summer and supernatural forces. Eve
All Saints’ Day is traditionally considered the only day of the year when spirits
the dead can return to earth.
Halloween traces its history back to an old Celtic holiday called
Samhain. Celts (the ancient people who inhabited Britain) on this day
marked the end of field work and the onset of winter. So pagan
the holiday merged with the church holiday and became popularly loved not only in
Britain, but throughout the world.

A tradition developed around the 16th century
begging for sweets on the night of October 31st. Children and adults wore cloth
masks and went from one door to another, demanding treats from the owners and petty shawls.
The custom of wearing role-playing costumes and
to carry a “jack-o’-lantern” appeared only
at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and in exchange for money or food, you initially need
was to offer different entertainment.

Carnival dress
costumes are a relatively recent element of the holiday. For the first time as
a full-fledged custom it was recorded at the beginning of the 20th century. Halloween costumes have evolved a lot.
for the past century. Initially, the costumes were images of ugly, emaciated faces.
of people. It looked far from festive and quite frightening. But to the beginning
2000, the costumes acquired more and more vivid images and the holiday itself turned into
in the show.

Asking
sweets or Trick-or-treat (trick or treat, joke or
treat) – is an important element of the celebration of Halloween. dressed up in
costumes children go from house to house and ask for sweets, if they are refused they can and
play pranks

just as important
It is considered to decorate your home according to the holiday. In festive
the decoration of houses use the attributes of autumn – pumpkins, jack-o’-lanterns,
village scarecrows. In addition, they also use scary passers-by, scary
faces. The main colors in the decoration of houses are black and orange.

Because
the holiday falls on the time of the harvest of apples, most of the Halloween sweets
based on apples. Apple caramel is prepared specially for the celebration, apples in
syrup (sometimes with the addition of nuts), apple toffee. In addition to various
sweets, there is a traditional barmbrack bread, which is prepared in
Ireland for various holidays, especially Halloween. When cooking
festive barmbreak, peas, a wooden chip, a piece of
cloth, coin and ring. The object that came across to the eater predicted the future:
peas – do not wait for an imminent wedding, sliver – family troubles
life, a piece of cloth – poverty, a coin – wealth, a ring –
quick wedding They don’t give gifts for Halloween, they stock up on candies and sweets
it is they who act as gifts.

On this day
taken to guess. For example, you can find references to divination using
peel: Scottish girls cut the peel off apples, trying to make it
as long as possible, and thrown over the shoulder. It was believed that the fallen peel
took the form of the first letter of the surname of the betrothed. Another custom was based on the well-known
belief about Bloody Mary, which today has become
popular urban legend. This divination was that the young
the girls had to go up the stairs in a dark house with their backs forward and
hold a candle in front of a mirror. After that, the mirror supposedly should have
appear the face of her future husband, but the girl could see in the mirror and
skull – this meant that she would die without marrying. In America
the tradition of guessing is not common, but on the eve of Halloween it is customary to arrange
noisy parties and tell scary stories.
The main symbol of the holiday is the so-called Lamp
Jack ( English Jack-o’-lantern – Jack Lantern). He
represents a pumpkin, on which an ominously grinning face is carved, and
a lit candle is placed inside the gourd.

Guy FAWKES ‘ NIGHT .

Guy’s Night
Fox .

Guy Fawkes Night also
known as Bonfire Night and Night
fireworks (Eng. Fireworks Night) —
traditional for Great Britain annual
celebration (but not a public holiday) on the night of November 5th.

The history of this
folk festival begins in 1605, when the Gunpowder Plot was uncovered
and prevented the assassination of King James 1. According to the plan of the conspirators in
basement of the Chamber
Lords were
hidden powder kegs. The explosion was supposed to take place on November 5 during
utterance by the king of the throne speech. As a result of the betrayal of one of
members of the conspiracy, Guy Fawkes was captured at the moment when he was about to set fire to
wick. On the day that the conspirators were executed, joyful royal subjects
they began to burn fires in the streets, burning an effigy of Guy Fawkes on them. The authorities picked up
this custom since 1605. The celebration of “Guy Fawkes Night” personified such
concepts like loyalty to the king and the Protestant faith, contempt for betrayal.
In the UK, on ​​Guy Fawkes night, fireworks and bonfires are lit, on which an effigy of Guy Fawkes is burned. And the day before the children beg
coins “for the great guy Guy” to buy firecrackers.
Usually the celebration is not limited to one day. Weekend before November 5
and after it, fireworks are launched in city parks, costumed
balls and shows.

The apogee of fun
become the night of 4 to 5 November. On the evening of November 4, the guards in the clothes of the times
James 1, cellars are searched in order to catch criminals. Participants in the show
dressed in ancient costumes and masks, they walk through the night streets, carrying burning crosses, in
processions on a cart carry an effigy of Guy Fawkes. On this day, children enjoy full
the right to stay up all night and have fun with their parents. Don’t hope
sleep at this time. Better dress warmly and go to the streets and squares,
filled with a noisy crowd, with painted faces or in masks, dancing near
bonfires, with a burning effigy of Guy Fawkes, and firecrackers. The sky rumbles and
blooms with colorful fireworks. During the holiday they are burned on
several million pounds.

Usually on this day
preparing a festive dinner with traditional
English cuisine dishes. such as mashed potatoes
grilled sausages or chicken legs, carrot salad and
cabbage with mayonnaise, and sweet pudding for dessert.

This holiday
celebrated in all former colonies of Great Britain.

Christmas .

Christmas.

B
Great Britain, as in other countries, there was a mixture of Christian teachings
with ancient national customs. The religious meaning of the holiday gradually
is becoming a thing of the past, and the custom of celebrating the birth of a new time circle has remained
unchanged, and now it is a holiday that is usually celebrated with family, for
festive table with traditional dishes.
Preparations for it begin weeks in the UK. On Trafalgar
area set arrived from
Norway 20-meter beautiful spruce. The lights on it are lit on December 1st. FROM
of this moment, the pre-holiday fuss, buying gifts, decorating
houses with colorful lights, balls, green garlands of mistletoe, ivy.
Mistletoe is especially popular. It is believed to be magical
a plant that brings good luck to the house and protects from evil spirits. In the middle of December
they set up a Christmas tree in the house and decorate it using red, gold and
green colors. The Christmas Tree is harvested only 12 days after
Christmas.
Cities and towns try to surpass each other in beauty and diversity
Christmas decoration. Shop windows attract admiring glances
great holiday merchandise. London is getting big
Disneyland.
But, let’s look at the stages of British Christmas in order. The first
period – from December 1 to December 24 is called Preparation (Advent). First
Sunday of December, the family makes a wreath with 5 candles, white and four
red. Every Sunday they light a red candle and just before
Merry Christmas – white. It symbolizes the victory of light over darkness, the coming of the Savior.
into our world.

next
stage – December 24-25 (Christmas). Before going to bed the children leave
near the fireplace, a sock for gifts and treats for Santa and his reindeer. BUT
in the morning they receive gifts that they asked Father Christmas by sending him a letter
with smoke from the fireplace. On December 25, close friends and relatives gather for
a gala dinner and it’s time to exchange gifts. Usually gifts
put under the Christmas tree and traditionally distributed by lot. The main dish is, of course,
turkey, plum pudding and Christmas crackers baked into surprises.

and
set on fire.

Presents

Day
gifts.

26
December (Boxing Day), Boxing Day. In the old days on this day
employees were given Christmas bonuses, donation boxes were opened in churches
and distributed to the poor.
English phrase “Boxing day”
usually translated into Russian as “Boxing Day”, however
the literal meaning is “Box Day”. There is no big contradiction here, because
we mean here precisely those boxes into which traditionally, before
to give, these gifts are actually put.

Exists
several versions of how the name of the holiday came about:

1. In
Great Britain traditionally on the second day of Christmas the family packed the leftovers
festive dinner and simple gifts in boxes and carried them to
a gift to the sick and the poor. Usually packing gifts and gifts in boxes
laid on the children, who then helped distribute them to the poor.

December 25 Protestants and Catholics total
around the world celebrate one of the main Christian holidays, the Nativity of Christ. According to
Christmas traditions, on the night of December 24-25, Santa Claus puts gifts under the New Year tree. In the morning,
when everyone wakes up, they start opening boxes in which
there are holiday gifts. If the family is large and large, then the house
is filled with empty boxes, which children are not always in a hurry to clean up, because they
attention is focused on the content. Apparently, therefore, this day began to be called in
English-speaking countries “box day”, but when translated into a number of languages, it was considered that
the name “Boxing Day” is more euphonious.

3. Exists
another version is that the name of the holiday was given by the boxes with which the recipients
gifts rush to the store in order to exchange a gift if they don’t like it
taste (outlets, as a rule, provide such an opportunity).

4. Located
people who believe that the literal translation is “Boxing Day”, and the name is
appeared from the fact that the people gathered for the celebration of Christmas indulged
popular English pastime – boxing.

5. In the old days,
among representatives of the aristocracy, it was customary on December 26 to give gifts
vassals and servants who received a day off on this day, because on Christmas
served at the feast of the hosts.

December 6, 26
merchants gave out to everyone who worked for them (sellers, servants, clerks . ..)
original Christmas bonuses – boxes with delicious food and treats.
Some believe that this gave the name to the holiday.

There is more
several versions of the origin of the name of this holiday and highlight now
the only correct one is hardly possible. In fact, in countries where
“Boxing Day” especially on this and do not go in cycles. It is enough that this
day off and one of the good Catholic Christmas traditions.

New Year .

New Year.

New Year celebrations in the UK
year (English New Year) passes
on the night of December 31st to January 1st. New Year is considered less
important holiday than Christmas, unlike Christmas,
celebrated not only at home with the family. Usually all the Christmas decorations stay in the house from Christmas –
these include sprigs of holly, mistletoe and ivy, which are hung over the door,
for chandeliers and table lamps. Of course, elegantly takes center stage
decorated spruce.

UK
it is not customary to give expensive and large New Year’s gifts, as the holiday
considered to be a continuation of Christmas. However, close people exchange
useful little things and souvenirs like key chains, candles or beautiful tea
spoons. Gifts are distributed by lot. They also give small cards.
and Christmas toys.

English
Santa Claus is called Santa Claus. Good-natured Klaus is dressed in a bright red and white sheepskin coat,
red pants and a hat. On the sheepskin coat there must be a belt with
big buckle. Santa Claus walks with a big bag of gifts that he
distributes to English children. Santa Claus always sits near the main Christmas tree.
puts the kids on her lap. They whisper their desires to him, which
received on New Year’s Eve. Before going to bed, English children put a plate on the table.
for gifts from Santa Claus.

At the end
December, festive processions pass through the streets of London – London New Year
parade, which is attended by more than ten thousand people, including musicians,
magicians and mummers; Chinese parade with dances, songs and essential
fireworks; many other street carnivals with the participation of Santa Claus and heroes of fairy tales – Martovsky
Hare, Punch, Humpty Dumpty.
Many ancient rituals and observations are associated with the New Year in Britain.

• Accepted
  when the clock starts to strike midnight, open the back door of the house and let out
  The old year, and with the last blow let the New Year in the front door.
• If
  after the twelfth blow, a young man with dark hair will enter the house
  (first guest), then the coming year will be successful. The first guest must
  bring bread, coal and a pinch of salt. After he burns the ember in the fireplace,
  everyone congratulates each other, and the guest who brought good luck is sure to be fed.
• Lovers
  to the battle of Big Ben kiss under the mistletoe – it is believed that this will provide them
  strong relationship in the new year. Kiss the one who stands under the mistletoe in
  the center of the room, according to legend, gives good luck and happiness for the whole coming year.
• On
  Royal Mile street in Edinburgh taken
  set fire to a barrel of tar and thereby “get rid” of everything old,
  including last year.
• By
  Hollywood classics are shown on television: It’s a Wonderful Life (1946), Miracle on 34th Street (1947), The Shop Around the Corner (1940), and from the modern
  cinematography – Love Actually (2003)

Valentine ’ s Day .

Day
Saint Valentine’s.
St. Valentine’s Day, or Valentine’s Day is a holiday,
which is celebrated on February 14 in many countries of the world.
Presumably named after one of the two early Christian martyrs with
named Valentin – Valentin Interamnsky and Valentin Rimsky.

Marking this
the holiday is given to beloved and dear people with flowers, sweets, toys, air
balloons and special cards (often in the shape of a heart), with poems, love
confessions or wishes of love – valentines.
In the UK, Valentine’s Day has been celebrated since ancient times. AT
in previous years, on Valentine’s Day, it even happened that the British congratulated
each other in secret, and the couple was chosen by lot! By the end of the seventeenth century in
In England, the same valentines familiar to us today have gained popularity. Truth
then they were made by hand, who is what much. Sometimes made from colored paper and
decorated with bright ink. Sometimes they pierced with pins, like lace, and
decorated with a regular stencil, like schoolchildren!
In the Middle Ages in Great Britain there was a tradition to choose one’s own
“Valentine”. Several men got together, wrote on pieces
parchment the names of women, put them in a hat and drew lots. Name
of a girl that a guy took out made her this man’s “Valentine” on
a whole year. These relationships were built in the spirit of a knight and a lady of the heart. A man must
was the whole year to compose poetry and sing to his lady, and to be her protector.

A unmarried
British girls on Valentine’s Day woke up before sunrise and
near the window they were waiting for their betrothed, who became the first passer-by in the morning.
A very dangerous tradition, I must say!

Popular
Valentine’s Day gifts in the UK are confectionery
in the form of hearts. BUT
of soft toys, the British native invariably becomes the undisputed leader
Teddy bear. And, of course, congratulations in England on February 14 are impossible without
valentine cards.

Children in
The UK celebrates Valentine’s Day in its own way. This holiday is
little Englishmen passes in the spirit of our carols. Children go home and
“earn” gifts by singing funny songs. As
gifts, most often, are various sweets, but also small amounts
of money.

Children’s song on
Valentine’s Day:

Good morning,
Valentine!

Congratulations –
one,

two – me you
congratulations,

“Valentine” to me
let’s.

British
Valentine’s Day teens compose touching confessions and send
to your beloved, signing them to my “Valentine” or “my
Valentine.”

Since the British
respect the observance of traditions, then after receiving recognition, each of them
invariably attaches some kind of sign with the name of the beloved to the clothes. Instead of
“valentines” in the UK can also give you an ordinary apple, because it
is a symbol of love and beauty. All these traditions of celebrating the Day of All
Lovers have been observed in Great Britain since ancient times.

Curiously,
in addition to beloved, in the UK it is customary to congratulate even beloved family
animals, cats, dogs and even horses! And they also give gifts, really
do without valentines, limiting themselves primarily to all sorts of
goodies that are specific to each animal.

B
Nowadays, the British celebrate Valentine’s Day in the spirit of the Americans, considering
its not only a holiday of couples in love, but also a day when you can congratulate
everyone you love.

St .
Patrick ’ S DAY .

Day
Saint Patrick.
Day
Saint Patrick –
a cultural and religious holiday celebrated annually on March 17, the day of the death of Ireland’s patron saint, Saint Patrick.

Traditional Day
Saint Patrick’s Day parades are held in Ireland and in many countries around the world. On the
people dressed in extravagant costumes come out the streets, and also brass bands,
who cannot do without the famous bagpipes.

St. Patrick’s Day is a holiday
which is celebrated in memory of Saint Patrick. Saint Patrick, according to legend,
He brought Christianity to a pagan island and drove out all the snakes from there. In honor of
Patrick’s Day parade with songs and dances, Irish beer pours
river. March 17 is not only the feast of the Irish saint, but also the Irish soul.

On this day all cities
Ireland “Green”: People Draw Irish Faces
flags
or shamrocks, attach armfuls of clover to headdresses and costumes,
dress in all green, bake shamrock-shaped sweets covered with green
icing, and even drink green beer.

Holiday motto
fits in one word – Craic, which means “fun and
pleasure”.

More fun
St. Patrick’s Day – catching leprechauns (gnome-like shoemakers who own
secrets of the location of treasures). So today for the owners of shoe shops
a storm warning is announced: better not stick out, otherwise there is a risk
be mistaken for a leprechaun and tortured with his own inventory.

Mother ’ s Day .

Day
Mothers.

Mother’s Day in
Great Britain (Mother’s Day or Mothering Sunday) is similar to March 8 in Russia.
Its roots go back to Victorian times, when children at a fairly early age
worked away from home, and the money they earned was sent to the family
budget. Then one day a year children were allowed to spend at home with
parents. Usually they brought mothers and grandmothers small gifts –
bouquets of flowers or fresh eggs. Today, British children on this day give
mothers flowers and do their homework for them.
The earliest honoring of the mother is rooted in the ancient Greek spring
festival in honor of the goddess Rei, wife of the god Kronos and mother of numerous gods and
goddesses. And around 250 BC, ceremonies began to be held in Rome,
praising another mother goddess named Cybele. These religious Roman
The celebrations lasted three days – from 15 to 18 March. At the very beginning of the 17th century in
England on the fourth Sunday of Lent, people began to celebrate
Mother’s Sunday. It was the holiday of all the mothers of England. By
as Christianity spread in Europe, this Sunday became a holiday
The Mother of the Church is a spiritual force that gives life and protects from evil.
Over time, the church holiday merged with the secular holiday. Because
it was a time of rich aristocrats and huge mansions, most of the servants
She worked and lived in the houses of her masters. On Mother’s Sunday, all servants received
day off, they returned to their families to spend the day with their
mothers. The festive atmosphere of this day was given by a special cake called
“mother’s cake” On this day, it was supposed to visit mothers and bring them to
gift such a cake in exchange for a mother’s blessing.

Nowadays Day
mother passes quite calmly. Women rest while their men work
housework and cook dinner. Traditionally, on this day, it is customary to serve
the simnel cake itself, decorated with 12 marzipan balls. Tradition 12
balls began in pre-Christian times, they symbolize 12 signs
zodiac. The name of this cake is associated with the Latin name for fine flour.
(simila).

Fool ’ s Day .

Day
fools.

Worldwide
holiday celebrated on April 1st in many countries. During this holiday
It is customary to play pranks on friends and acquaintances, or simply to make fun of them.

Traditionally, in
countries such as New Zealand, Ireland, United Kingdom, Australia and South
Africa, pranks are held only until noon, naming those who joke after
this time, “April Fools”.

Believe that
April 1 was originally celebrated in many countries as the spring solstice.
The spring solstice festivities were accompanied by jokes, pranks and
fun tricks.
In the UK, this is the only day on which journalists are allowed to
relax and in an adult way “cheat” readers. And every year they come up with
new pranks, sometimes these “innocent” jokes turn into a big public
resonance. Surprisingly, the stiff British, reading their newspapers or
watching programs on television, annually become victims of their own
credulity.
A famous hoax took place in London in 1860, when several hundred
English gentlemen with their prim English ladies received invitations,
on behalf of the queen herself, to arrive “at the annual solemn ceremony of washing
white lions, which will be held in the Tower at 11 am on April 1. AT
the appointed hour of the crowd of guests, their acquaintances and just curious besieged
gates of the Tower, and only after a long time, without seeing the promised, all
realized they were being played. Since then, the day of the first of April in London has become
call it “All Fools’ Day”.
In different parts of England, the fool is called differently, where “Noodle”
(Noodles), “Noddy”, where “April Gawby” or “Gob” … Almost all names take their own
beginning with the medieval festival “Feast of Fools”, where men dressed in
women, where they drank, ate and gambled at the very altar, burned old
leather sandals in a censer and did many other unimaginable things in a normal
life of things. In Scotland, April Fools’ Day is known as “Cuckoo’s Day”
called “Kuku”, which means “crazy”. This day is also called “Day of the Tail”,
an inscription with the words “Kick me” is glued on the back of the victim, a lot of jokes
associated with the lower back.
On the day of laughter, it was customary to play pranks on each other, and also to make each other
friend to do pointless stupid errands, such as fetching sweets
vinegar, find chicken teeth, get striped paint, measure the length of the weight,
buy a left-hand screwdriver or something else that never existed in
nature.

Queen Elisabeth ’ S Birthday .