Hampton early learning centre: Hampton Preschool & Early Learning Center

Address

432 Bluff Rd, Hampton Victoria 3188, Australia

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The contact number for Bambini Early Learning Center in the Hamptons is 61385521200.

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Yes, the website of the Bambini Early Learning Center in the Hamptons is http://bambinielc. com.au/.

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Bambini Early Learning Center in the Hamptons is rated 4 out of 5 stars.

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The address of the Bambini Early Learning Center in the Hamptons is 432 Bluff Rd, Hampton Victoria 3188, Australia.

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The Hampton Bambini Early Learning Center is located at Hampton Victoria 3188.

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Bambini Early Learning Center in the Hamptons is a Day Care Center in Australia

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PIN Hampton Victoria 3188 is 3188

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Samuel C. Armstrong – Samuel C. Armstrong

Samuel Chapman Armstrong (January 30, 1839 – May 11, 1893) was an American soldier and general during the American Civil War who later became an educator, especially for people of color. The son of missionaries in Hawaii, he rose through the Union Army during the American Civil War to become a general in charge of units of African American soldiers. He became known as an educator, founding and becoming the first headmaster of a normal school for African Americans and later Indians in Virginia, which later became Hampton University. He also founded a university museum, the Hampton University Museum, which is the oldest African American museum in the country and the oldest museum in Virginia.

CONTENT

• 1 Early and family life
• 2 Civil War
• 3 Educator
• 4 Death and legacy
  • 4.1 The rise and fall of normal schools
  • 4.2 Namesakes
• 5 See also
• 6 Links
• 7 External links

Early and family life

Armstrong, the third son of Christian missionary Richard Armstrong (1805–1860), was born in Wailuku, Maui, Hawaii, the sixth of ten children (of whom eight survived to adulthood). His mother, Clarissa Chapman Armstrong, grew up in a Congregational family in Stockbridge, Massachusetts. His father was a Presbyterian minister sent by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, founded by several Williams College alumni associated with various Protestant denominations. His parents were among the earliest missionaries in what was then known as the Sandwich Islands. Arriving in 1832, they founded several Christian communities in various Hawaiian islands. In 1840, after the death of the experienced missionary Rev. Armstrong, he became the second pastor of the Kawaihao Church in Honolulu on the main island of Oahu when Samuel was an infant. Many chiefs and their families attended the historic church (which received its current name in 1853 under Reverend Armstrong). The Reverend Armstrong also served on the privy council of the realm and became Minister of Education and then Superintendent of Public Education. He founded schools throughout the kingdom and emphasized the study of manual labor in addition to agriculture. He graduated in blacksmithing, carpentry or barrel making in addition to reading, writing and arithmetic.

Like many children of missionaries and tribal leaders, Samuel attended Punahu School and Oahu Associate College in Honolulu for his primary education. Punahu has a bronze plaque commemorating him as “Son of Punahu”. After graduating from Punahou, he became his father’s secretary. After his father had an accident and died in 1860, Samuel Armstrong, aged 21, followed his father’s wishes and sailed from Hawaii to the continental United States to begin his own studies at Williams College in Massachusetts. He graduated in 1862.

Armstrong married Emma Dean Walker of Stockbridge, Massachusetts on October 13, 1869, but she died on November 10, 1878 after giving birth to daughters Louise H. Armstrong Scoville and Edith E. Armstrong, who later taught for a time at the Hampton Institute. (and Louise’s husband William Scoville served as trustee for decades). He remained a widower for over ten years. Armstrong remarried in Montpelier, Vermont on September 10, 1890, to Mary Alice Ford, an instructor at the Hampton Institute. Their son, Daniel Armstrong, became a career US Navy officer during World War II (1939–1945) directed the Negro recruit training program at the Great Lakes Naval Training Center near Waukegan, Illinois. Their daughter, Margaret Armstrong, would marry the Depression-era president of the Hampton Institute (1931–1940), Arthur Howe, and their sons would in turn serve as trustees from the 1950s to the 1970s.

civil war

During Samuel Armstrong’s time at Williams College, the American Civil War divided the United States. Like his father, Armstrong supported the abolition of slavery, but considered himself a Hawaiian. Nevertheless, on August 15, shortly after graduating with future General and President James A. Garfield, Armstrong volunteered to serve in the Union Army. By August 26, he hired a company near Troy, New York and was promoted to captain in the 125th New York Infantry, a three-year regiment of George L. Willard’s brigade. A few weeks later, Armstrong and his troops were among the 12,000-strong Harpers Ferry garrison who, although untrained in combat, initially held their ground during the Confederate Maryland Campaign on September 13, 1862, but were surrendered two days later by a career U.S. Army officer. Dixon S. Miles (rumored to have been killed by his own men that day but officially killed by enemy fire) to Confederate General Stonewall Jackson shortly before the Battle of Antietam.

After being paroled in a prisoner exchange, Captain Armstrong returned to the front lines in Virginia in December. The following summer, with the 3rd Division of the II Corps under Alexander Hayes, Armstrong fought at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 defending Graveyard Ridge from an attack by Pickett. Armstrong was subsequently promoted to major on August 26, 1863 (but from July 3, 1863, on the third day of the Battle of Gettysburg).

Armstrong volunteered to lead African American troops, resigned from his New York unit, was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and was assigned to 94th U.S. Colored Infantry Regiment (USCT) in November 1863. When Armstrong was appointed to command USCT, he was in training. was held at Camp Stanton near Benedict, Maryland. At Camp Stanton, Armstrong established a school to train black soldiers, most of whom had no education as slaves.

Lieutenant Colonel Armstrong was assigned to command the 8th US Colored Troop when his previous commander fell wounded. Armstrong’s experiences in Hawaii and with these regiments sparked his interest in the welfare of black Americans. Armstrong noted that Hawaiians JR Kealoha and Kaiwi were privates in different USCT regiments. Armstrong led the 8th Regiment during the siege of Petersburg, and his troops became one of the first Union regiments to enter the city after the Confederates emerged from their trenches.

In November 1864, Armstrong was promoted to colonel “for gallant and meritorious services at Deep Bottom and Fussel’s Mill” during the siege of Petersburg. The 8th USCT pursued the Army of Northern Virginia during the subsequent Appomattox Campaign.

After Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse, Armstrong and his men returned briefly to Petersburg and were then sent by sea to Ringgold Barracks near Rio Grande City on the Mexican border in Texas. On October 10, 1865, the 8th USCT began the march from Texas to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where Armstrong and his men were discharged from the army on November 10, 1865, shortly after their belated arrival.

On January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Armstrong to confer the Brevitt degree of Brigadier General of Volunteers in the rank of March 13, 1865, and the US Senate approved the new commission on March 12, 1866.

Educator

At the end of the war, Armstrong joined the Freedmen’s Bureau. With the help of the American Evangelical Association, he established Hampton Normal and CX—now known as Hampton University—in Hampton, Virginia in 1868. The Institute was to be a place where black students could graduate to become teachers as well as train useful workers. skills, paying for their training with manual labor, as his father advocated back in Hawaii.

Armstrong in later life

During Armstrong’s career and during Reconstruction, the prevailing concept of racial accommodation promoted by whites and African Americans equated technical and industrial training with the promotion of the black race. This idea was not a new solution and dates back to the American Civil War. But especially since the war, both blacks and whites have realized the paradox that freedom represents for the African-American population of the racist south. Freedom meant liberation from cruelty and the degradation of slavery, but as W. B. Dubois, the black man “felt his poverty; without a cent, without a home, without land, tools, or savings, he entered into competition with rich, down-to-earth, skillful neighbors. Being poor is difficult, but being a poor race in the land of dollars is the very bottom of adversity.” Although the end of slavery was an inevitable result of Union victory, less clear was the fate of millions of poor blacks in the South. Former abolitionists and white philanthropists quickly focused their efforts on stabilizing the black community, helping newly emancipated blacks become independent and positively contributing to their community, helping them improve their race, and encouraging them to aspire to the standard set by American whites.

After Nat Turner’s slave rebellion in 1831, the Virginia General Assembly passed a new law prohibiting the teaching of slaves, free blacks, or mulattoes to read and write. Similar laws were passed in other slave states of the South. The repeal of these laws after the Civil War helped bring attention to the problem of illiteracy as one of the major problems these people faced as they sought to join the free enterprise system and support themselves.

One of the vehicles through which this process of racial uplift could take place was through schools such as the Hampton Normal and Industrial Institute. The Hampton Institute demonstrated the paternalistic attitude of whites who felt it was their duty to develop what they considered to be inferior races. General Samuel Armstrong shaped the curriculum to reflect his experiences as both a wartime abolitionist and as a child of white missionaries in Hawaii. Armstrong believed that several centuries of the existence of the institution of slavery in the United States had left blacks in a lower moral state, and only whites could help them develop to the level of American civilization. “The solution lay in Hampton-style education, an education that combined cultural uplift with moral and physical training, or, as Armstrong liked to say, an education that embraced ‘head, heart and hands’.” insisted that blacks abstain from voting and politics because their long history of slavery and paganism before that had humiliated the race beyond responsible participation in government. “Armstrong argued that it was the duty of the superior white race to rule over the weaker black races until they were properly civilized. This civilizational process, according to Armstrong, will require several generations of moral and religious development. The main means by which white civilization could be instilled in African Americans was the moral strength of labor and manual labor.

Early Hampton-style education during Armstrong’s tenure was based on an emphasis on labor and industry. However, the training of blacks for work was a tool, not the main purpose of the Institute. Instead of creating classes of individual craftsmen and workers, Hampton ended up being a normal school (school for teachers) for would-be black teachers. In theory, these black teachers would then apply Hampton’s idea of ​​self-help and industriousness to schools throughout the US, especially in the South. To this end, a precondition for admission to the Hamptons was the intention to become a teacher. In fact, “approximately 84 percent of the 723 graduates of the first twenty Hampton classes became teachers.” Armstrong sought to instill in these students the moral value of physical labor. This concept has become a critical component in the training of black teachers in the Hamptons.

Booker T. Washington

Arguably Armstrong’s best Hampton-style student was Booker T. Washington. Arriving at the school in 1872, Washington immediately began to adopt the teachings and philosophy of Armstrong. Washington described Armstrong as “the most perfect specimen of a man, physically, mentally, and spiritually most like Christ…”. Washington also quickly learned the purpose of the Hamptons. After leaving the Hamptons, he recalled that he was accepted into the school, despite his ragged appearance, due to the ability he demonstrated by sweeping and dusting a room. From the first day in the Hamptons, Washington embraced Armstrong’s idea of ​​black education.

Washington continued to attend Wayland Seminary in Washington, DC and returned to the Hamptons to teach on the Armstrong faculty. On Sam Armstrong’s recommendation to George W. Campbell, Lewis Adams, and Mirabeau B. Swanson, a three-member board of commissioners appointed by the Alabama Legislature, Booker Washington became in 1881 the first principal of the new normal school in Alabama that evolved. to become Tuskegee University in the 20th century. Many religious organizations, former Union Army officers and soldiers, and wealthy philanthropists have been inspired by the work of pioneering educators such as Samuel Armstrong and Dr. Washington to create and fund educational programs specifically for the advancement of African Americans in the South.

In his autobiography From Slavery Booker T. Washington stated that he was most impressed in the Hamptons by General Samuel S. Armstrong, “the noblest and rarest man I have ever had the honor of meeting.” “It was possible to remove all buildings, classrooms, teachers and industrial enterprises from the Hampton, and give men and women the opportunity to contact General Armstrong on a daily basis, and this would already be a liberal arts education. ” ( Up from Bondage , Chapter III)

Death and Legacy

Partially disabled by a stroke during a speech in 1892, Armstrong returned to the Hamptons in a private railroad car provided by his multimillionaire friend Collis P. Huntington, builder of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad and the Newport News Company Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, with whom he collaborated on black education projects. Armstrong died at the Hampton Institute on May 11, 1893, after a second stroke. As requested, he was buried in the student cemetery on the Hampton campus. His widow returned to New England. As discussed in the family section above, all of his daughters will be affiliated with Hampton University and his son Daniel Armstrong will become a career naval officer and train African-American soldiers during World War II. His grandson, Harold Howe II, became Commissioner of Education under the presidency of Lyndon Johnson. His papers (and those of some family members) are held in the Special Collections Department of the Williams College Library.

The Rise and Fall of Normal Schools

As ever-increasing numbers of new teachers returned to their communities, more than 5,000 local black schools were built in the South by the first third of the 20th century with private funds provided by people like Henry H. Rogers, Andrew Carnegie, and Julius Rosenwald in particular, all of whom grew from humble roots to wealth. Dr. Washington later wrote that by demanding appropriate funds, benefactors felt that they were also appealing to self-respect. Recipients at the local level will be interested in knowing that they are helping themselves through their own hard work and self-sacrifice. In many communities, the stories of the so-called Rosenwald schools reflect that this turned out to be true.

Over time, mainstream schools that were originally designed to work with blacks in the Hamptons, Tuskegee, and elsewhere have evolved from their focus on job training, practical skills, and basic literacy to institutions of higher education focused on more than just teacher training. , but when teaching various academic subjects. Many of these institutions have developed into fully accredited universities.

Namesake

Armstrong High School in Richmond, Virginia was named after Armstrong at 1909 year.

The Armstrong Manual Training School in Washington, D.C. was named in his honor in 1902. It was renamed Veterans High School in 1958 and then the Armstrong Adult Education Center in 1964. It currently houses the Armstrong Friendship Academy.

US Army Fort Armstrong (Hawaii), built shortly before World War I, was a coastal artillery battery guarding Honolulu Harbor. Part of the land was used for the Prince Kuhio Federal Building. Other parts of Fort Armstrong became a military container terminal that still uses the name today. The Punahou School has named awards for its building and alumni humanitarian donations in his honor.

Armstrong Hall (Science Building) at Tuskegee University was named after Armstrong in 1929.

See also

• American Civil War portal

• List of American Civil War generals (Union)

references

• Engs, Robert Francis. The Education of the Disadvantaged and the Dispossessed: Samuel Chapman Armstrong and the Hampton Institute, 1839–1893. University of Tennessee Press, 1999. 207 pp.
• Fear-Segal, Jacqueline. “Nineteenth-Century Indian Education: Universalism vs. Evolutionism”, Journal of American Studies 1999 33(2): 323-341. ISSN 0021-8758

external links

• Samuel S. Armstrong at Find a Grave

Hampton, Virginia

British invasion of Hampton during wars of 1812.

On September 17, 1861, Mrs. Mary Smith Peake taught the first classes for African American children at what is now Hampton University on Hampton Roads in Virginia under the shade of the Emancipation Oak.

Hampton (/hæmptən/) is an independent Commonwealth city of Virginia in the United States. The 2010 census reported a population of 137,438; in 2019 – 134,510 people. Hampton is part of the Hampton Roads City Statistical Area (officially known as Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, Virginia-North Carolina, Maryland), which is the 37th largest in the United States with a total population of 1,729114 people. Known as “America’s First Region”, this area also includes the independent cities of Chesapeake, Virginia Beach, Newport News, Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Suffolk, as well as other smaller towns, counties, and townships of Hampton Roads.

Hampton traces its history back to Old Comfort Point, home of Fort Monroe for almost 400 years, which was named by 1607 travelers led by Captain Christopher Newport, who first founded Jamestown as an English colonial settlement. Since the consolidation at 1952 Hampton incorporated the former county of Elizabeth City and incorporated the towns of Phoebe, Consolidated by mutual agreement.

After the end of the American Civil War, the historic Hampton University was established across from the city on the Hampton River, educating many recently freed former slaves and local Indians. In the 20th century, the area became the location of the Langley Air Force Base, NASA Langley Research Center, and the Virginia Air and Space Center. The Hamptons have many miles of waterfront and beaches.

The city is home to many businesses and industries, shopping and residential areas, historic sites, and other attractions such as the NASCAR Short Track, the oldest Anglican parish in America (1610) and the moated, six-sided, historic bastion fort.

CONTENTS

• 1. History
  • 1.1 Colonial history
  • 1.2 Post-colonial history
  • 1.3 Modern military history
    • 1.3.1 Langley AFB during the Vietnam War
• 2 Geography
  • 2.1 Surroundings
  • 2.2 Climate
• 3 Demographics
• 4 Arts and culture
  • 4.1 Art and museums
  • 4.2 Libraries
  • 4.3 Attractions
• 5 sports
• 6 Government
  • 6. 1 Local
  • 6.2 Federal
• 7 Education
  • 7.1 Colleges and universities
• 8 Media
• 9 Infrastructure
  • 9.1 Transport
    • 9.1.1 Roads and highways
    • 9.1.2 Local and regional public transport
    • 9.1.3 Intercity bus service
    • 9.1.4 Amtrak
    • 9.1.5 Air
• 10 Famous people
• 11 sister cities
• 12 See also
• 13 Notes
• 14 Links
• 15 Further reading
• 16 External links

History

See also: Timeline of Hampton, Virginia

Native Americans settled in present-day Hampton before 10,000 BC. In the early 1600s, the Tidewater region was settled by the Powhatan peoples, who called the lands Tsenacommakah. The Powhatan chiefdom before the arrival of the English colonists consisted of more than 30 tribes, numbering approximately 25,000 people.

Colonial History

In December 1606, three ships full of men and boys left England on a mission sponsored by a private company. Under the leadership of Captain Christopher Newport, they crossed the Atlantic Ocean to North America. After a long journey, they first landed at the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay on the south coast at a place which they named Cape Henry (after Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, eldest son of their king).

During the first few days of reconnaissance, they identified Old Point Comfort (which they originally named “Point Comfort”) as a strategic defensive site at the entrance to the body of water, which became known as Hampton Roads. It is formed by the confluence of the Elizabeth, Nansemon and James rivers. The latter is the longest river in Virginia.

A few weeks later, on May 14, 1607, they established the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States, about 25 miles (40 km) further inland from the bay, which became the site of fortifications for the next 200 years.

A little further south, near the entrance to the Hampton River, the colonists captured the Kekutan Indian community under Virginia Governor Sir Thomas Gates. The colonists established their own small town with a small Anglican church (now known as St. John’s Episcopal Church) 9July 1610. The city became known as part of the Hamptons. (Because Jamestown was abandoned in 1699, Hampton is considered the oldest continuously inhabited English settlement in the United States). Hampton was named after Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, an important leader of the Virginia Company of London, after whom the Hampton River, Hampton Roads and Southampton County were also named. The area became part of Elizabeth City [ sic ] in 1619, Elizabeth River Shire in 1634, and was incorporated into the parish of Elizabeth City when it was formed in 1643. By 1680 the settlement was known as Hampton and it was incorporated as a city in 1705 and became the seat of the county seat of Elizabeth City.

In the second half of August 1619, the White Lion , a privateer under the command of John Colin Jope and sailing under a Dutch letter of marque, brought about 20 enslaved Africans from the present-day region of Angola to Comfort Point. They were taken by his crew from the Portuguese slave ship São João Bautista. These were the first recorded slaves from Africa in the Thirteen Colonies. John Rolfe, the widower of Pocahontas, wrote in a letter that he was at Comfort Point and witnessed the arrival of the first Africans. The Bantu of Angola were considered indentured servants, but in fact, were supposed to be slaves. Two of the first Africans to arrive were Anthony and Isabella. Their child, the first African born in North America, was born in January 1624 at baptism.

Post-colonial history

In 1813 the fort was again captured by the British during the War of 1812. Shortly after the end of the war, the US Army built a larger stone complex at Old Point Comfort. It was named Fort Monroe after President James Monroe. The new structure and adjoining Fort Calhoun (on an artificial island across the canal) were completed in 1834. Fort Monroe is the largest stone fort ever built in the United States.

Fort Monroe, Hampton and the surrounding area played several important roles during the American Civil War (1861–1865). Although much of Virginia became part of the Confederate States of America, Fort Monroe remained in Union hands. It became known as a historic and symbolic site of the early freedom of former slaves under the terms of the smuggling policy and later the Emancipation Proclamation. After the war, former Confederate President Jefferson Davis was imprisoned in the area now known as the Base Casemate Museum.

Ruins of Hampton in 1862

Northwest of Fort Monroe, the town of Hampton had the misfortune of being attacked during the American Revolutionary War and burned during the War of 1812 and the American Civil War. From the ruins of Hampton left behind by the 1861 Confederate evacuation, smuggling slaves (previously owned by the Confederates and under certain Union protection) built the Great Smuggling Camp, the first autonomous African-American community in the United States. A number of modern Hampton streets have retained their names from this community. The large number of smuggler slaves who sought refuge at Fort Monroe and the Grand Smuggling Camp led to educational efforts that eventually included the establishment of Hampton University, on the site of the famous Emancipation Oak.

The original site of the Kekautan Native American settlement was adjacent to the current site of the Hampton Roads Transit Enterprise. South of present-day Hampton, a small unrelated town, also named Kekutan many years later and also located in the parish of Elizabeth City, was annexed by the City of Newport News in 1927. It is now part of that city’s East End.

Hampton was incorporated as a city in 1849. On March 30, 1908, Hampton was separated from the county of Elizabeth City and became an independent city. However, it remained the seat of the county and continued to provide many services to the county. From 1 July 1952 years, after the approval of the voters of each locality by referendum, the city of Hampton, the built-in cities of Phoebe and Elizabeth City County merged to form the independent City of Hampton. It was the first of a series of political amalgamations in the Hampton Roads area during the third quarter of the 20th century.

Modern Military History

Hampton has a rich and extensive 20th century military history – home to Langley Air Force Base, the nation’s first purely aviation military base, as well as the home of the 633rd Air Force Base Wing, as well as 1st and 19th2nd Fighter Wing. Hampton has been a training, research and development center for military aviation for almost a hundred years, from the first propeller-driven aircraft and Zeppelins to rocket parts and modern fighters. Its proximity to Norfolk means that the Hampton has long been home to many navy families. Together, many Air Force and Navy families in the Hampton area suffered significant wartime and peacetime casualties due to family members in peacetime combat and military incidents.

Fort Monroe was an active military base until it was decommissioned on September 15, 2011. Shortly thereafter, on November 1, the fort was named a National Monument by President Barack Obama.

Langley Base during the Vietnam War

Particularly during the Vietnam War, Langley Air Force Base was designated a “holding base” and thousands of Air Force families were transferred to Hampton from around the world to wait for their husbands and fathers to serve in Vietnam. Thousands of Navy families associated with naval bases in nearby Norfolk also waited in the Hamptons during this era. Vietnam was a war with very high casualties for Air Force and Navy pilots (some types of aircraft had a loss rate of 50%), and the naval “river rats” that fought on the rivers of the Mekong Delta also suffered heavy losses. Over time, a large number of families of missing persons who died during the war accumulated in the Hampton area. In many cases, the military families of “missing” or “POW” pilots and sailors stationed in the Hampton spent many years in the area waiting to see what happened to their missing or captured airmen and sailors.

Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the city has a total area of ​​136 square miles (350 km ² ), of which 51 square miles (130 km ² ) is land and 85 square miles (220 km ² ) (62. 3%). water.

Surroundings

The old lighthouse on Bacrot beach was built as part of an amusement park.

• Aberdeen Gardens
• Buckroe Beach
• Farmington
• Fox Hill
• Hampton Woods
• Northampton
• New Market

Feb

• Victoria Boulevard Historic District
• Wythe, including the Olde Wythe Historic District

Climate

Hampton has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa ) characteristic of the southeastern United States. The weather in the Hamptons is temperate and seasonal with hot and humid summers and mild winters. The average annual temperature is 60.2 °F (15.7 °C), with an average annual snowfall of 6 inches (150 mm) and an average annual rainfall of 47 inches (1,200 mm). The wettest month in terms of average rainfall is August, with an average of 2.4 inches of rain falling over 11–12 days, although March typically has more days with 2. 3 inches of rain falling over 12–13 days. The hottest day on record was August 1, 1980 when the temperature reached 105.1°F. The lowest recorded temperature of -2.7°F was recorded on January 21, 1985.

Jan

Feb

Climate data for Norfolk, Virginia International Airport (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1874–present)
Month			Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	October	Nov	December	year
Record high °F (°C)	84 (29)	82 (28)	92 (33)	97 (36)	100 (38)	102 (39)	105 (41)	105 (41)	100 (38)	95 (35)	86 (30)	82 (28)	105 (41)
Average High °F (°C)	72 (22)	74 (23)	81 (27)	87 (31)	92 (33)	96 (36)	98 (37)	95 (35)	92 (33)	86 (30)	79 (26)	73 (23)	99 (37)
Medium High °F (°C)	50. 7 (10.4)	53.4 (11.9)	60.1 (15.6)	70.0 (21.1)	77.4 (25.2)	85.2 (29.6)	89.4 (31.9)	86.9 (30.5)	81.4 (27.4)	72.3 (22.4)	62.1 (16.7)	54.7 (12.6)	70.3 (21.3)
Daily Mean °F (°C)	42.2 (5.7)	44.2 (6.8)	50.7 (10.4)	60.1 (15.6)	68.3 (20.2)	76.7 (24.8)	81.1 (27.3)	79.2 (26.2)	74.0 (23.3)	63.7 (17.6)	53.3 (11.8)	46.1 (7.8)	61.6 (16.4)
Medium Low °F (°C)	33.6 (0.9)	35.1 (1.7)	41.3 (5.2)	50. 1 (10.1)	59.1 (15.1)	68.1 (20.1)	72.8 (22.7)	71.6 (22.0)	66.6 (19.2)	55.1 (12.8)	44.4 (6.9)	37.6 (3.1)	52.9 (11.6)
Average minimum °F (°C)	19 (−7)	22 (−6)	27 (−3)	37 (3)	47 (8)	56 (13)	65 (18)	64 (18)	56 (13)	40 (4)	30 (-1)	24 (-4)	17 (-8)
Record low °F (°C)	−3 (−19)	2 (-17)	14 (-10)	23 (-5)	36 (2)	45 (7)	54 (12)	49 (9)	40 (4)	27 (−3)	17 (-8)	5 (-15)	−3 (−19)
Average precipitation in inches (mm)	3. 41 (87)	2.90 (74)	3.69 (94)	3.37 (86)	3.78 (96)	4.43 (113)	6.08 (154)	5.88 (149)	5.40 (137)	3.86 (98)	3.10 (79)	3.28 (83)	49.18 (1249)
Average snowfall in inches (cm)	3.2 (8.1)	1.5 (3.8)	0.4 (1.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	1.1 (2.8)	6.2 (16)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in)	10.7	9.2	10.9	10.0	11.2	9.7	10. 6	10.2	9.4	7.7	8.9	9.9	118.4
Average snow days (≥ 0.1 in.)	1.7	1.3	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5	4.0
Average relative humidity (%)	66.3	65.6	64.6	62.8	68.8	70.6	73.3	75.2	74.4	72.1	68.5	67.0	69.1
Average dew point °F (°C)	27.9 (-2.3)	28.9 (-1.7)	35.8 (2.1)	43.2 (6.2)	54.5 (12.5)	63.1 (17.3)	68.2 (20.1)	68.0 (20.0)	62. 4 (16.9)	51.3 (10.7)	41.7 (5.4)	32.7 (0.4)	48.1 (9.0)
Average hours of sunshine per month	171.5	175.2	229.3	252.8	271.7	280.1	278.3	260.4	231.4	208.3	175.7	160.4	2,695.1
Percentage of possible sunlight	56	58	62	64	62	64	62	62	62	60	57 year	53	61
Average UV index	2	4	5	7	8	10	9	9	7	5	3	2	6
Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961-1990)
Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV).

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		% ±
1850	787		–
1860	1848		134.8%
1870	2300		24.5%
1880	2.684		16.7%
1890	2.513		−6.4%
1900	2764		10.0%
1910	5505		99.2%
1920	6 138		11.5%
1930	6 382		4.0%
1940	5 898		−7. 6%
1950	5966		1.2%
1960	89 258		1396.1%
1970	120 779		35.3%
1980	122 617		1.5%
1990	133 811		9.1%
2000	146 437		9.4%
2010	137 436		−6.1%
2019 (estimate)	134 510		−2.1%
US Decennial Census 1790-1960 1900-1990 1990-2000 2010-2019

Hampton age distribution

As of the 2010 census, there were 137,436 people, 53,887 households and 35,888 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,828. 0 people per square mile (1,091.9 / km ² ). There were 57,311 housing units at an average density of 1106.8 per square mile (427.3/km ²). The racial makeup of the city was 49.6% Black or African American, 42.7% White, 2.2% Asian, 0.4% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.3% of other races and 3.7% from two or more races. 4.5% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 53,887 households out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.2% were married couples, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% had no families. 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.49, and the average family size is 3.02.

The age distribution is 24.2% under the age of 18, 12.6% from 18 to 24, 32.5% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64 and 10.3% aged 65 years and over. The average age was 34 years. For every 100 women, there were 98.3 men. For every 100 women aged 18 and over, there were 96.6 men.

Population update: Estimated population in July 2002: 145,921 (-0.4% change) Male: 72,579 (49.6%), female: 73,858 (50.4%)
Source

The 2005 census estimate shows that the city’s population has slightly decreased and amounted to 145,579 people.

The median income for a household in the city was $39,532, and the median income for a family was $46,110. The median income for men was $31,666 compared to $24,578 for women. The per capita income for the city was 19$774. About 8.8% of families and 11.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.9% of those under the age of 18 and 8.6% of those aged 65 or over.

Arts & Culture

Arts & Museums

Hampton is home to several art institutions and museums dedicated to the rich history of the Hamptons. Notable locations in the city include the American Theatre, the Casemate Museum, the Charles Taylor Visual Arts Center, the Hampton Historical Museum, the Hampton University Museum, the Center for the Performing and Creative Arts, and the Virginia Air and Space Center.

Hampton Coliseum, a multi-purpose arena built in 1968, serves as the main venue for entertainment, acts such as WCW and WWE wrestling, music concerts with artists such as The Grateful Dead and Phish and various regional sports games from the area. The arena can accommodate from 9800 to 13800 seats depending on the configuration.

Libraries

The city is served by the Hampton Public Library. The system began in 1926 as the first free county library in Virginia. Today, the main library includes the main library and three branches.

Points of Interest

• Air Power Park
• Bluebird Gap Farm
• Buckroe Beach
• Downtown Hampton Historic District
• Emancipation Oak
• Fort Monroe
• Centurion Chapel
• Fort Wool
• Hampton Coliseum
• Hampton National Cemetery
• Langley Air Force Base
• Langley Speedway
• NASA Research Center at Langley
• National Aerospace Institute
• Old Point Comfort
• Peninsula City Center
• Strawberry jars
• St. John’s Church
• Veterans Affairs Medical Center
• Virginia Air and Space Center
• War Memorial Stadium

Athletic

The Peninsula Coastal Plain Pilots League is a summer collegiate baseball league based in the Hamptons. The Pilots have played at War Memorial Stadium since 1980. The Hampton University Pirates & Lady Pirates compete in the Big Southern Conference in the NCAA Division I football division championship.

High school sports (especially football and basketball) play a big role in the sports culture of the city. Sports stars such as Allen Iverson, Fransen McCoroy and Tereya Brown hail from the Hamptons. The city’s Darling Stadium serves as the school’s football stadium, where games are usually played on Thursday, Friday and Saturday nights. The stadium also hosts various athletics competitions.

Additional sports opportunities can be found in close proximity to the Hamptons. At the collegiate level, the College of William and Mary, Norfolk State University, and Old Dominion University offer NCAA Division I athletics classes. Virginia Wesleyan College and Christopher Newport University also provide NCAA Division III sports.

Professional sports can also be played in the area. In Norfolk, the Norfolk Tides of the International Leagues and Norfolk Admirals of the American Hockey League field baseball and hockey teams respectively. In Virginia Beach, the Hampton Roads Piranhas men’s and women’s professional football teams play on the field.

Government

Results of presidential elections

Year	Republican	Democratic	Third parties
2020	28.0% 18,430	70.1% 46 220	1.9% 1.251
2016	28.8% 17,902	66.3% 41312	4.9% 3. 063
2012	28.0% 18.640	70.6% 46,966	1.3% 884
2008	30.1% 20,476	69.1% 46,917	0.8% 550
2004	42.0% 23.399	57.4% 32,016	0.6% 326
2000	40.9% 19.561	57.4% 27,490	1.8% 836
1996	37.3% 16 596	55.0% 24,493	7.7% 3.418
1992	38.5% 19 219	46.9% 23 395	14.6% 7 264
1988	54.9% 24,034	43. 6% 19.106	1.6% 678
1984	58.0% 25,537	41.3% 18,180	0.8% 351
1980	45.1% 17023	49.0% 18,517	5.9% 2225
1976	41.7% 15 021	53.3% 19 202	5.1% 1825
1972	65.5% 21,897	31.9% 10.648	2.7% 890
1968	32.3% 10 532	34.7% 11 308	33.0% 10.766
1964	39.2% 8.731	60.8% 13 542	0.1% 15
1960	51. 5% 7.623	48.2% 7 133	0.4% 52
1956	57.2% 7 432	39.3% 5.108	3.4% 443
1952	52.5% 5.505	47.2% 4.946	0.3% 30
1948	30.0% 371	58.9% 727	11.1% 137
1944	23.1% 297	76.7% 987	0.2% 3
1940	18.0% 215	81.7% 975	0.3% 4
1936	16.4% 190	83.6% 971	0.1% 1
1932	27. 1% 294	71.2% 772	1.7% 18
1928	46.9% 544	53.1% 615
1924	21.0% 129	76.6% 471	2.4% 15
1920	19.8% 152	78.4% 601	1.8% 14
1916	13.7% 56	85.4% 350	1.0% 4
1912	3.3% 13	88.5% 353	8.3% 33

Local

The city has a municipal government: Donnie Tuck is the mayor, Mary Bunting is the city manager, and six councilors serve as representatives of the city’s boroughs.

As of 2020, the Hampton City Council consisted of:

• Donnie Tuck Mayor
• Jimmy Gray Vice Mayor
• Chris Bowman,

Council Member

• Eleanor Weston Brown, Council Member
• Stephen L. Brown,

Council Member

• Billy Hobbs,

Council Member

• Chris Osby Snead,

Council Member

Federal

Hampton is located in Virginia’s 2nd congressional district served by US Representative Elaine Luria (Democrat) and in Virginia’s 3rd congressional district served by US Representative Robert S. Scott (Democrat).

Education

The primary provider of public elementary and secondary education is Hampton City Public Schools. There are four high schools – Kecoughtan, Bethel, Phoebus, and Hampton – eighteen K-5 elementary schools, two PK-8 schools, five high schools, one early childhood center, and one gifted center in the city.

Several private schools are located in the area, including Denbigh Baptist Christian School, Hampton Roads Academy, and Peninsula Catholic High School.

Virginia’s Hampton School for the Deaf, Blind and Disabled, operated by the State of Virginia, was formerly located in the Hamptons.

Colleges and Universities

Ogden Hall at Hampton University

The city has Hampton University and Thomas Nelson Community College. Other nearby universities in the Hampton Roads region include Christopher Newport University, Old Dominion University, Norfolk State University, and the College of William and Mary.

Media

The Hampton Daily is a Newport News-based Daily Press . Other papers include The Virginian-Pilot Norfolk, Port Folio Weekly , New Journal and Guide , and Hampton Roads Business Journal . Coastal Virginia Magazine is a bi-monthly regional magazine for the Hampton and Hampton Roads area. Hampton Roads Times serves as the online magazine for all cities and counties in Hampton Roads. Hampton is served by many radio stations on AM and FM dials, with towers located around the Hampton Roads area.

Hampton is also served by several television stations. The Hampton Roads Market Area (DMA) is the 42nd largest in the US with 712,790 homes (0.64% of the total US area). Major network television affiliates are WTKR-TV 3 (CBS), WAVY-TV 10 (NBC), WVEC-TV 13 (ABC), WGNT 27 (CW), WTVZ 33 (MyNetworkTV), WVBT 43 (Fox) and WPXV. 49 (ION Television). The public broadcasting station is WHRO-TV 15. Hampton residents can also receive independent stations such as WSKY broadcast on channel 4 from the Outer Banks of North Carolina and WGBS-LD broadcast on channel 11. Hampton is served by Verizon FiOS and Cox. Cable .

Infrastructure

Transport

Main article: Transport in Hampton Roads

Roads and Highways

In the Hampton Roads area, water crossings are a major problem for land transport. The city is fortunate to have a good network of local streets and bridges crossing various rivers and streams. Many smaller bridges, especially along Mercury Boulevard, were named after early NASA astronauts who trained extensively at NASA’s Langley facilities.

The city is adjacent to the neighboring independent cities of Newport News and Pocoson. There are many roads and streets between them. Similarly, Williamsburg, Yorktown, and the counties of James City and York are also nearby in the Peninsula sub-region and many roads lead to them.

Access to most other neighbors in the South Hampton Roads sub-region requires crossing the harbor and/or the mouth of the James River. There are 3 main road crossings. These include the Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel (HRBT) and the Monitor-Merrimack Memorial Tunnel Bridge (MMMBT), both of which are part of the Hampton Roads Beltway. HRBT is located on Interstate 64 near downtown Hampton and MMMBT is a few miles off Interstate 664 near downtown Newport News. (These two major highways converge in the Hamptons near the Hampton Coliseum). A third crossing option is the James River Bridge, also located in Newport News, which connects to Isle of Wight County and the City of Smithfield.

Hampton is also served by several major major and minor highways. These include U.S. Routes 17, 60, and 258 and Virginia Routes 134 and 143, among others.

Local and Regional Public Transportation

The Hampton Transit Center, located near the city center at the intersection of West Pembroke Avenue and King Street, is a hub for local and intercity public transportation. HRT buses, Greyhound/Trailways services and taxis are located here.

Hampton Roads Transit (HRT) is a local provider of transportation within the city and also offers a regional bus system with routes to and from seven other Hampton Roads cities.

Intercity bus service

Intercity bus service is provided by Greyhound Lines and its subsidiary Carolina Trailways. Buses serve the Hampton Transit Center. Low cost intercity bus service is also provided by Megabus with services to Richmond, Washington DC, Baltimore and Philadelphia.

Amtrak

Hampton is served by several Amtrak trains a day, with direct service from Newport News station in nearby Newport News (on Warwick Boulevard west of Mercury Boulevard) via Williamsburg and Richmond to points along the Northeast Corridor from Washington, DC, via Baltimore, Philadelphia, and From New York to Boston. Richmond connects to other Amtrak destinations across the country.

Air

Hampton is served by two commercial airports. Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport (IATA: PHF ) is in Newport News and Norfolk International Airport (IATA: ORF , ICAO: KORF , FAA LID: ORF ) is across the harbor in Norfolk. Both are on sections of Interstate 64.

The principal airport for the Virginia Peninsula is Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport in Newport News. Originally known as Patrick Henry Field (hence the airline’s letter code “PHF”), it was built on the site of Camp Patrick Henry, a former World War II site. It is one of the fastest growing airports in the country, reportedly serving 1,058,839 passengers in 2005.passengers. The airport recently added a fourth carrier, Frontier Airlines, becoming the first new airline to enter the region in more than eight years despite economic downturn conditions. 2010 was the busiest year in terms of the number of passengers in the history of the airport.

The larger Norfolk International Airport (often referred to here by the code letters ORF) also serves the region. The airport is near the Chesapeake Bay, on the city’s border between Norfolk and Virginia Beach. Seven airlines provide non-stop flights to 25 destinations. During 2006, ORF took or landed 3,703,664 passengers at its facility and 68,778 were handled through its facilities.34 pounds of cargo.

Chesapeake Regional airport provides general aviation services. It is on South Hampton Road in the independent city of Chesapeake.

Famous people

American history

• James Armistead, America’s first African-American spy, told the Continental Army that Cornwallis was on his way to Yorktown in 1781. This led to the forced surrender of Cornwallis.
• Samuel Chapman Armstrong, Union general during the American Civil War; founder of the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, later Hampton University
• James Barron, US Navy Commodore, Captain of USS Chesapeake .
• Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America, jailed at Fort Monroe after the American Civil War.
• Evelyn Grubb, wife of a POW, writer, co-founder and national president of the National League of Families
• Mary S. Pick, African American humanitarian; progenitor of the Hampton Institute; first black teacher in the American Missionary Association
• Booker Taliaferro Washington (commonly known as Booker T. Washington), Tuskegee Institute founder, educator, writer, African American statesman
• George Robert Watkins, politician, member of the Pennsylvania State Senate and US Congress
• George White, classical scholar, first professor of law in the United States, mayor of Williamsburg, attorney general of the Colony of Virginia, member of the Continental Congress, speaker of the state assembly, framer of the federal constitution

Music

• Robert Nathaniel Dett, renowned composer, pianist, choir director, teacher, administrator of the Hampton Institute; founder of United Service Organization
• Steve Earl, popular country rock musician and songwriter
• Jeff Parker, experimental jazz and rock guitarist for Chicago post-rock band Tortoise
• Jerry Rush, vocalist, known in his time for the films Sky Eats Airplane, Of Mice and Men and Cloud of Glass
• DeVante Swing and Mr. Dalvin of R&B group Jodeci
• Victor Wooten, bassist for the Grammy-winning “Blu-Bop” band Bela Fleck and the Flecktones
• Weldon Irwin, composer, pianist
• DRAM, rapper, artist

Science

• Roy F. Brissenden, WWII Pilot, Physicist, Aeronautical Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Teacher, Inventor, Hampton Project Manager, NACA/NASA Langley Research Center
• Mary Jackson, engineer and mathematician who contributed to American aeronautics and space programs.
• Katherine Johnson, physicist, space scientist and mathematician who has contributed to American aeronautics and space programs.
• Christopher K. Kraft, Jr., aeronautical engineer; administrator at Hampton, NACA/NASA Langley Research Center; Flight Director, Space Program
• Ann Rudlo Marine Biologist US

Sports

• Robert Banks, linebacker/defender; Columbus National High School Player of the Year, Ohio Touchdown Club 1982
• Taich Boyd, professional football player
• Elton Brown, forward lineman for the Arizona Cardinals
• Jim Barrow, defensive back for the Green Bay Packers
• Steve Cardenas, Brazilian jiu-jitsu martial artist and actor who played Rocky DeSantos; Red Ape Ninja Ranger and Zeo Ranger III Blue.
• Jake Cave, Minnesota Twins outfielder
• Ronald Curry, professional football player for the Oakland Raiders, former football quarterback at Hampton High School.
• La’Keshia Frett, former WNBA basketball player; led Phoebus High School to a state championship in 1992.
• Sean Gale, special team captain of the 1985 Super Bowl champion Chicago Bears football team, and played with the San Diego Chargers
• Marques Hagans, quarterback/receiver with the St. Louis Rams
• Chris Hanburger, popular Washington Redskins player in the 1970s and member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame
• Michael Husted, former professional football player for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, former Hampton High School placekicker
• Allen Iverson, former Philadelphia 76ers star basketball player, member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
• Jarod Mayo, NFL linebacker for the New England Patriots
• Art Price, professional football player for the Atlanta Falcons
• Dwight Stephenson, Miami Dolphins Pro Football Player and Pro Football Hall of Famer
• John Sturdivant, Pro Football Player
• Tyrod Taylor, professional football quarterback for the Los Angeles Chargers
• Mike Tomlin, professional football coach for the Pittsburgh Steelers
• Jimmy F.