Day care hamilton ohio: Find The Best Hamilton, OH Daycares Near Me

TV

• 1953: Valiant Lady (TV series): Mrs. Sayre (1955)
• 1954: Secret Storm (TV series): Cathy (1964-1967)
• 1955: Way of the World (TV series)
• 1956: As the World Turns (TV series): Miss Peterson #2 (1970)
• 1960: The Secret World of Eddie Hodges : Mrs Grundy
• 1965 – 1966 : The Addams Family : Grandma taunt
• 1967: Ghostbusters : Ivy Rumson
• 1971: There’s a Doctor in the House : Emma Proctor
• 1973 : Night Strangler (c) : Professor Hester Crabwell
• 1976: Paul Lind’s Halloween Special : Maid/Wicked Witch of the West
• 1979 : Letters from Frank : Granny Miller

Awards and nominations

Notes and links

1. ↑ Source: Les Gens du Cinema.
2. ↑ (in) “ UCONN Today: From ‘Kiddie Lit’ to Children’s Literature: The Autobiography of Francelia Butler ” at https://today.uconn.edu, April 23, 2013 (accessed March 12, 2018)
3. ↑ allocine.fr, article by Olivier Pallaruello “They almost left their skin on the set!” , accessed March 24, 2021
4. ↑ linternaute.com, Margaret Hamilton’s Severe Burns from The Wizard of Oz page, accessed 24 March 2021.
5. ↑ (in) “ Margaret Hamilton (the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz ) suffered 3rd degree burns to her face and hands during a séance at Munchkinland where She comes out in a fireball. ”, At https://www. thevintagenews.com , September 6, 2016 .

• She is the subject of an episode of Les Culottées by Penelope Baguie

External links

Grace Towns Hamilton

“Grace Hamilton” redirects here. For other uses, see Grace Hamilton (disambiguation).

Grace Towns Hamilton (February 10, 1907–June 17, 1992) was the first African American woman elected to the Georgia General Assembly. As executive director of the Atlanta Urban League from 1943 to 1960, Hamilton dealt with housing, health care, schools, and voter registration in the black community. In 1964, she co-founded the biracial Partnership for Progress to help the government and the private sector enforce Civil Rights Act 19.64 years old. In 1973, Hamilton became the chief architect of the revision of the Atlanta Charter. She was an adviser to the US Commission on Civil Rights from 1985 to 1987.

Content

• 1 Early life and prehistory
  • 1.1 History of father
  • 1.2 History of Mother
  • 1.3 Marriage
• 2 Early career (1930–1942)
• 3 City Liga of the Atlante 1943–1960)
  • 3.1 Corps
  • 3.2 Education
  • 3.3 Registration of the voter
  • 3.4 Healthcare
• 4 postgraduate league (1961–1966)
• 5 House of Representatives of the Georgia (1966–1984)
• 7 Recommendations

9002 and background

Grace Townes was born in Atlanta, Georgia on February 10, 1907 to social activist parents George Alexander Townes Sr. and Nellie McNair Townes. She was the second of five children. Her sister Helen died at 1905 year. Grace was followed by siblings George Jr. in 1909, Myron in 1910, and Harriet in 1920. ^[1] The Towns family lived in University Place at Atlanta University, where the playmates were racially mixed. Atlanta University has been integrated since the 19th century. ^[2] The family belonged to the First Congregational Church, where members were active in civic activity. Nellie Towns has been involved in many of the church’s charitable activities. Grace joined the Atlanta Interracial Student Forum and also became an active member of the YWCA. ^[3]

Father’s story

George Alexander Townes, Sr. was an educator, poet, and playwright with degrees from Atlanta University and Harvard University. At Atlanta University he taught English, Pedagogy and Debating Skills until his retirement in 1929. His professional colleagues include James Weldon Johnson and W. E. B. Dubois. The city was active in civil affairs, an NAACP officer, and an advocate for the voter registration movement in the black community. He was born one of six children on March 5, 1870, in Albany, Georgia, to a freed slave, Luke Townes, Jr., and Mary Colt, believed to be of Native American blood. Luke Townes Sr. was a slave fathered by a white man named John Townes, who was also the father of George Washington Townes. Luke Towns Sr. married a Cherokee woman named Maria. George Alexander Townes Sr. died Dec. 20, 1960 years old. ^{[4] [5]}

Mother’s story

Harriet Eleanor “Nellie” McNair was a student of George Alexander Townes, Sr., and then began working as a teacher. She was born in 1879 to parents Felix and Hattie Cherry McNair, but at some point her father left and Hattie was the only parent in the family. The McNair family were members of the First Congregational Church in Atlanta. After marrying George Townes in 1902, she participated in community outreach programs sponsored by her church. She also helped found the Gate City Free Kindergarten Association for children of working black parents. She was the first black woman to serve on the Atlanta board of directors. YWCA. Her mother Hattie McNair lived with the family until her death. Nellie McNair Townes died May 11, 1967 years old. ^[6]

Marriage

At Ware Memorial Chapel on the campus of the University of Atlanta, 23-year-old Grace Towns married 31-year-old Henry Cooke “Cookie” Hamilton on June 7, 1930. Both Towns and the Hamilton families also had university experience. as with the First Congregational Church of Atlanta. Cookie’s father and grandfather were prominent African American building contractors in Atlanta. ^[7] The couple’s only child, Eleanor, was born in 1931. Cookie died on January 2, 1987 years old. ^[8]

Education

The Oglethorpe Practice School was founded on the Atlanta campus in 1905. It offered grades K–7, with the senior class gaining teaching experience. After several years of private tutoring at her parents’ home, Grace Towns moved to Oglethorpe for the last two years at that level. ^[9] Her secondary education was a university preparatory school, the only urban high school at the time open to black students. At 19She received her Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Atlanta in 27. In 1929, she received her master’s degree in psychology. Ohio State University. Her brief stay as a student in Ohio was her first experience of segregation. Although she was aware of the impact of segregation on the African-American community, the integrated campus of the University of Atlanta shielded her from being a part of it. Living in Columbus, Ohio and working as a YWCA secretary brought her face to face with the consequences of segregation and symbolism. After she and her husband Cookie Hamilton returned to live in Atlanta at 19At 41, she took two graduate courses at Atlanta University, one taught by family friend W. E. B. Dubois, and the other by former director of research at the National Urban League, Ira De Augustine Reid. ^{[10] [11]}

Early career (1930–1942)

Before her marriage, Grace Towns taught at both Clark College and the Atlanta School of Social Work. At the time of Cookie’s marriage, Hamilton was a professor and dean at LeMoyne-Owen College in Memphis, Tennessee. The new Mrs. Hamilton joined the LeMoyne faculty as a professor of psychology. At 19At 34, she became a Great Depression statistician when she was one of several laid-off employees. Until 1941, she was associated with the Memphis chapter of the YWCA, where she helped found the first black YWCA in the city. ^[12] In 1935, she was hired to supervise a WPA survey of the black labor force in Shelby County. The result was published by the United States Government Printing Office in 1938 as Negro City Worker in the United States, 1925–1936. . ^[13] In 1941, Cookie Hamilton entered Atlanta University and the couple returned to their hometown, where Grace took advantage of a career break to improve her education. ^[14]

Atlanta Urban League (1943–1960)

The National Urban League affiliate, the Atlanta Urban League (AUL) was founded in 1919 by Jesse O. Thomas. When the organization’s chief executive, William Y. Bell, left for other opportunities in 1943, civil rights attorney W. Walden offered to name his friend Hamilton for the position. She held this position until 1960 years old, and under her leadership the board of directors of the organization was united, which included influential whites. ^{[15] [16]}

Building

Hamilton and AUL Housing Secretary Robert A. Thompson have made housing a top priority for the organization. The goal was to improve housing in black communities, preferably on newly acquired land. Hamilton wanted to move families out of the ghetto to better conditions in better neighborhoods. In 1947, they organized the Provisional Housing Coordinating Committee to explore potential development areas for the black population. Hamilton and Thompson, sometimes accompanied by others, made repeated trips to Washington, D.C. to persuade the Federal Housing Administration to provide insured mortgages to the black community. On July 1950 years later, AUL’s efforts opened the federally insured 452-unit High Point Residential Complex. Successes also included the construction of detached single-family homes in Fairhaven as well as Carver Public Housing and Perry Homes. ^{[17] [18]}

Education

In 1944, Hamilton commissioned experts to conduct a study to assess the state of black education in Atlanta. The Civil Committee for Public Education was organized in 1945 to disseminate the results of the study to the Atlanta Department of Education in particular and to the general public. The Board of Education was slow to respond, opening four kindergartens for black children between 1945 and 1948. ^[19]

Voter Registration

In 1944 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled against exclusive white primaries in Texas in Smith v. Allwright In 1946 the Supreme Court ruled King v. Chapman that Georgia’s white primaries violated the rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. ^[20] Hamilton and Thompson organized a 1946 voter registration campaign that resulted in 24,137 new black voters being registered in Atlanta. ^[21]

Public Health

In December 1947, Hamilton and the AUL issued Report on Hospital Care for the Negro Population of Atlanta, Georgia . The report details the shortage of black doctors in Atlanta and the limited health care available to Atlanta’s black community. Although poor black patients were being treated in Atlanta, no institution provided assistance to members of the black community who could pay for their treatment. The AUL’s recommendation was to establish an urban hospital specifically dedicated to teaching and providing medical care to meet the needs of the black citizens of Atlanta. ^[22] The tragedy of insufficient care for blacks witnesses the death in 1931 of Juliette Derricott, Dean of Women’s Affairs at Fisk University, after a car accident near Dalton, Georgia. She was denied emergency care in Georgia and was taken to a hospital in Chattanooga, Tennessee, where she died. ^[23]

The Citizens’ Committee for Negro Relief in Hospitals, which included Hamilton and R. Hughes Wood of Emory University School of Medicine, and Benjamin Mays and Rufus Early Clement, was accused of seeking a remedy for black patients . Atlanta received little service from black doctors who were trained and served elsewhere. Most trained at Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tennessee. The Committee wanted to infiltrate Emory’s isolated facility. The Hill-Burton Act of 1946, otherwise known as the National Hospital Survey and Building Act, provided federal funding for the construction of new facilities and expansion of medical services. As amended in 1949, it included a provision allowing separate quarters on a “separate but equal” basis. ^[24]

To this end, Hamilton added a local attorney to the Committee. Hughes Spaulding, chairman of the Fulton-DeKalb Hospital Authority, which owned and operated Grady Memorial Hospital. Hamilton and Spaulding proposed a separate but equal institution for blacks, despite black community leaders pushing for full integration into society. Hamilton saw it as a beginning, but black leaders saw it as out of touch with the reality of the times. The hospital administration donated land for a hospital adjacent to Grady. Spaulding received approval from Fulton and DeKalb County Commissioners, as well as the Fulton County Medical Society and local newspapers, which helped promote the concept. K 19In 49, $1.725 million was raised, with the rest of the funding coming from the state and the Hospital Authority. The earth was broken into on February 1, 1950. Hughes Spaulding Pavilion, it was dedicated May 29, 1952. Hamilton was appointed secretary of the advisory board of trustees. In 1955, Hamilton and black members of the Atlanta legal and medical community organized the Foundation for the Advancement of Medical and Nursing Education, with Hamilton as secretary. The foundation raised $10,000. Nobody asked for money. Black interns could not serve in Grady. The US Public Health Service provided $40,000 in surgical grants. ^[25]

By 1960, Hamilton was determined to move forward in her life and career and applied to leave the AUL. It wasn’t until 1962 that Asa G. Yancey, Sr. became Emory’s first African American physician. ^[26]

Post-City League (1961–1966)

She ran the consulting firm Hamilton and Associates from 1961 to 1967. Her most famous client was Eli Ginsberg of Columbia University. He hired her to interview black college students in Atlanta as part of a study of the career expectations of middle-class black youth. Report published by Columbia University Press at 1967 titled Middle class Negroes in the white man’s world. ^[27] In 1964, Hamilton and Mrs. Edward M. Vinson founded the biracial Partners for Progress. Hamilton became vice chairman of the organization. The organization’s mission was to promote equal opportunity enforcement of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Affiliated with the Women’s National Civil Rights Committee, the organization worked through personal visits, correspondence, and phone calls to monitor and promote compliance with the law in all sectors of government, private business, and society. ^[28] She has also received several local, state and national appointments over the years. When Lyndon B. Johnson signed an executive order in 1966 establishing the President’s Council on Recreation and Natural Beauty, Hamilton was one of the members of the council. ^[29] On July 8, 1964, Hamilton was arrested and imprisoned by armed police on an urgent traffic court summons. When she appeared in court, she was fined $25. ^[30]

Georgia House of Representatives (1966-1984)

Hamilton is honored to be the first African-American woman elected to the Georgia General Assembly. ^[31] In 1965, the General Assembly changed the distribution of the Georgia House of Representatives, adding twenty-one seats to Fulton County. A special election was held in 1965, and in 1966 Hamilton became one of eight African Americans elected to join. Leroy Johnson, who has served in the lower house since 1963. ^[32] The others were Horace T. Ward, Benjamin D. Brown, John Hood, Julian C. Dougherty, Albert W. Thompson, J. D. Grier, Jr., William H. Alexander, and Julian Bond. ^[33] All but Bond were sworn in in January 1966. ^[34] The Legislature refused to seat Bond because of his support for an SNCC statement critical of United States policy during the Vietnam War. Bond filed suit, and the Supreme Court agreed with Bond in December 1966, ordering the legislature to put him in jail. ^[35]

Further information: Bond v. Floyd

Officers elected in the 1965 by-election were required to stand in the 1966 election. Hamilton was re-elected by defeating rival Helen Howard. ^[36] The Hamilton area had three different numbers due to the area change. She was originally elected to District 137. The area became District 112 in 1969. It was changed to District 31 in 1973 and remained so for the rest of her public service. ^[37]

Hamilton began her legislative career on the appropriations, education, and health committees. One of her first bills was to allow the Georgia Highway Department to apply for federal funding to help relocate any resident displaced by the new road. She also co-sponsored a bill with Janet Merritt authorizing the Georgia Arts Commission to extend its powers to additional artistic genres. She was able to get legislation passed to change the electoral process in Fulton County by creating the County Commission on Registration and Elections. ^[38]

In 1965, the Chicago Public Service Administration recommended that the Atlanta City Council be restructured. Based on this recommendation, Hamilton introduced a bill to create the Atlanta Chartered Affairs Commission. Its goal was to bring the representation of the city in line with the principles of 1965. The Voting Rights Act and allocate council seats regarding the city’s demographics. This would give blacks fair representation in city government. Commission Chairman Emmett J. Bondurant and Vice Chairman Hamilton began work on July 1, 1971 years old. Jimmy Carter signed the new charter into law on March 16, 1973. The new charter separated the city’s legislative and executive branches, but reduced the size of the city council. Protests were raised by those who were interested in the number of seats in the city council, and a compromise was worked out. ^[39]

What ultimately led to Hamilton’s defeat for re-election in 1984 was the redistribution battle in 1980 against the Black faction who wanted the redistribution to their advantage. Hamilton felt so strongly that they were wrong that she ended up testifying before the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia at 1982 year. The black group was so enraged by what they saw as Hamilton’s betrayal that Mabel Thomas opposed them in the primaries. Hamilton lost to Thomas in the second round of the election and never again held elective office. ^[40]

Recent years

After losing the election, Hamilton served as an advisor to the US Commission on Civil Rights (1985–87). 9 ^{a b} Susan Ware; Braukman, Stacey (2005). Famous American Women: A Biographical Dictionary . Harvard University Press. p. 271. ISBN 978-0-674-01488-6 .

Cincinnati | this… What is Cincinnati?

Cincinnati 0678 . Located on the Ohio River. Founded in 1788 by settlers from Germany, the city is located north of the Ohio River on the border of the states of Ohio and Kentucky, not far from Indiana. The population, according to data for 2010, is 296,943 people (the 55th largest city in the United States), with suburbs – 2,155,137 people. (21st largest), making Cincinnati the third most populous city in the state ^[2] . Approximately 53% of the population is white.

Cincinnati is home to Procter & Gamble, Kroger, Chiquita, General Electrics Aviation, Macy’s, Toyota North America, Kao Brands Fifth Third Bank, and The United States Playing Card Company.

At the beginning of the 19th century, Cincinnati was the first American city in the center of the country to rival the east coast cities in size and wealth. As the first major continental city, it is sometimes referred to as “the first purely American city”. Initially, it developed without the influence of Europeans or the cities of the east coast. Anyway, in the late 19th century, with the transition from water transport to rail, Cincinnati’s development slowed down significantly, and it was surpassed in population and importance by another inland city, Chicago.

Cincinnati is home to two major league baseball teams, the Cincinnati Reds and Cincinnati Bengals, and the Cincinnati Masters tennis tournament. The University of Cincinnati traces its history back to the Ohio Medical College, founded in 1819.

Cincinnati is known for its rich collection of historic architecture.

Mostly built between 1850-1900, the Over Rhein area was for many years a center for German immigrants and is now one of the largest historic districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Climate 4 Population 5 Economy 6 Transport 7 Culture 8 Education 9 Sport 10 Race relations 11 Crime 12 Twin Cities 13 Notable residents 14 Notes 15 Links

History

This section is missing links to sources of information. The information must be verifiable, otherwise it may be questioned and deleted. You can edit this article by adding links to authoritative sources. This flag was set by on July 6, 2011 .

Cincinnati was founded by John Cleaves Simms and Colonel Robert Patterson in 1788. Topographer John Filson (also author of The Adventures of Colonel Daniel Boone) named the city of Losantiville, a name derived from four words in different languages ​​and meaning “a city situated opposite the mouth of the Licking River”. Ville in French – city, anti in Greek – opposite, os in Latin – mouth and “L” – all that came from the Licking River.

In 1790, Arthur St. Clair, Governor of the Northwest Territory, changed the city’s name to Cincinnati, after the Society of the Cincinnati, of which he was a member. The community revered General George Washington, who was considered the newfound Cincinnatus. To this day, Cincinnati in particular, and Ohio in general, are considered to be home to a statistically significant number of descendants of American Revolutionary War veterans who were granted lands in that state as payment for their participation in the war.

In 1802, Cincinnati was mapped as a settlement (village). David Zingler (1748-1811), a Revolutionary War veteran from Heidelberg, Germany, became the first mayor. City status was granted to Cincinnati in 1819. The commencement of steam navigation on the Ohio River in 1811 and the completion of a canal between the Miami River and Lake Erie contributed to the city’s population of 115,000 in 1850.

Railroads were another significant form of transportation that emerged in Cincinnati. In 1836, the Little Miami Railroad was put into operation, connecting Cincinnati with the Mad River and the Lake Erie Railroad.

The first sheriff, John Brown, was appointed on September 2, 1788. By order of the State of Ohion, in 1802, Cincinnati introduced the office of chief of police, which was filled by James Smith; the following year, the city began to patrol the “night watch”. In 1819, when Cincinnati received city status, William Ruffin was named the city’s first police chief. In May 1828, the police detachment consisted of 1 captain, one assistant and 5 patrolmen. In 1850, a police sheriff and 6 lieutenants were already required, but the first sheriff, Jacob Kiefer, appeared only in 1853 and was removed from office 3 weeks later.

The Cincinnati Red Stockings baseball team began its career in the 19th century. In 1868, the decision was made to create a professional team, which became the first professional team in the country in 1869. In this first year, the team won 57 matches and drew 1, setting the record for victories among all professional teams in history. ^[3]

During the Civil War, Cincinnati played a key role as an important source of supplies and men for the army. For most of the war, Cincinnati was the headquarters of the Ohio Department of State, charged with protecting the region and directing the army’s advance into Kentucky and Tennessee. The majority of Cincinnati’s population was “Southern sympathetic”, driven by trade with the slave states and a history of Southern migration from the Eastern states.

In 1879, Procter & Gamble, one of the leading soap manufacturers, began selling “ivory soap”. It was positioned as “light enough that it does not sink.” After the fire at the first factory, the company moved to a new factory in Mill Cove and resumed soap production. This place is now called Ivorydale. ^[4]

In 1884 Cincinnati was in the grip of one of the most violent riots in American history. On Christmas Eve 1883, Joe Palmer and William Berner robbed and murdered their employer, a stable owner named William Kirk. They dumped his body at Mill Cove before they were caught. One of the killers, William Berner, was sentenced to death by hanging after being found guilty, but the case provoked unrest and fury among the masses. The riot began on March 28, when thousands of citizens attacked the county jail and set fire to the Hamilton County courthouse in an attempt to free Berner. A small group of county deputies, led by Sheriff Morton L. Hawkins, fought to keep the prison from being completely taken over. After losing ground, they succeeded in protecting the prisoners from the mob. Two deputies were killed in the conflict, including Captain John Desmond, whose monument now stands in the lobby of the courthouse. In total, 45 people died and 125 were injured during the riot. ^[5]

Cincinnati weathered the Great Depression better than most American cities of its size, in large part due to the resurgence of trade by river, which was less expensive than by rail. The rejuvenation of the city began in the 1920s and continued for the next decade with the construction of the Union Terminal, a post office, and a large Bell Telephone building.

The flood of 1937 was the worst in the history of the country. Later, the city was protected from floods by specially erected walls. After World War II, Cincinnati developed a master plan for renewal, culminating in the modernization of the inner city. Like other, older industrial cities, Cincinnati suffered from economic restructuring, and mid-century unemployment followed deindustrialization.

Geography

Located on the border of 3 states (Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana) – this place is often called tristate (three states). According to the United States Census Bureau, the total area of ​​the city is 79.6 sq. miles (210 sq. km.), of which 78 sq. km. miles (200 sq. km.) – neighborhood, 1.6 sq. km. miles (4.1 sq. km.) – the city, the rest – the waters of rivers and lakes. The city is located on a plateau that surrounds the Ohio River. ^[6] Geographically, Cincinnati is part of the Midwest. 20-30% of Americans live within one day’s drive of a city.

Climate

Cincinnati belongs to the transitional climate zone, the northern border of the subtropics and the southern continental climate zone. Summers are hot and humid, with significant rainfall for several months. July is the warmest month, with temperatures in excess of 86°F (30°C), reaching 90°F (32°C) or above on 18 days of the year, often with high humidity. ^[7] Winters are usually mild and snowy, with January being the coldest month, with temperatures dropping to 29.7°F (-1.3°C) but can reach 0°F (-18°C) several times a year. On average, only 20 inches (51 cm) of precipitation falls as snow during the winter. Temperature limits from -25 to 109°F (-32 and 43°C) recorded on January 18, 1977 and July 21, 1934. respectively.

Cincinnati climate
Index	Jan.	Feb.	March	Apr.	May	June	July	Aug.	Sep.	Oct.	Nov.	Dec.	Year
Absolute maximum °C	23.3	24.4	29.4	32.2	34.4	38.3	38.3	39.4	37.8	32.8	27.8	23.9	39.4
Average maximum, °C	4.2	6.6	12.1	18.9	24.1	28.5	30.4	29.7	26	19.9	12.7	6.3	18.3
Average temperature, °C	−0.5	1.4	6.4	12.5	17.7	22.4	24.6	23.7	19.9	13.5	7.3	1.7	12.6
Average minimum, °C	−5. 2	−3.7	0.8	6.1	11.4	16.4	18.8	17.8	13.7	7.1	1.9	−2.9	6.8
Absolute minimum °C	−30	−22.8	−21.1	−7.2	−2.8	3.9	8.3	6.1	0	−7.8	−19.4	−25.6	−30
Precipitation rate, mm	81	65	99	93	113	98	104	92	81	69	84	79	1058
Source: Weatherbase

Population

According to the 2010 Census, Cincinnati has a population of 296,943, down 10.4% from 2000 data. The 2010 Census found non-Hispanic populations to be 48.1% White, 44.6% Black, 0.2% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1. 8% Asian, 0.1% Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, 0 .2% of other races, as well as 2.2% of mixed races. Hispanic Latino or Spaniards made up 2.8% of the population. As of 2007, the city was 52% white, 46.5% African American, 0.9% Native American, 2% Asian, 1% other race, 2.4% mixed race. 1.7% of the total were Hispanics or Latinos. ^[8]

The 4 largest groups by country of origin are Germans (19.8%), Irish (10.4%), English (5.4%) and Italians (3.5%).

Cincinnati has 148,095 households, of which 25.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.6% are married couples living together, 18.6% are single housewives, and 51% are non-families.

The age division is as follows: 24.5% of residents under the age of 18, 12.9% – from 18 to 24 years, 31.6% – from 25 to 44 years, 18.7% – from 45 up to 64 years, 12.3% – from 65 years and older. The average age is 32 years. For every 100 women there are 89.4 men, for every 100 women over 18 there are 85.6 men.

The average annual income of an urban household is $29,493, while the average family income is $37,543. Men have an average income of $33,063 versus $26,946 for women. The per capita income is 19$962. About 21.9% of residents, including 32% of children under 18 and 14.8% of seniors over 65, are below the poverty line.

Over the past few decades, according to Census Bureau reports, there has been a declining trend in the Cincinnati population. However, the same Census Bureau estimated that the population was 332,252 in 2006. ^[9] Although this fact was officially disputed by the city, Mayor Mark Mollory has repeatedly claimed that the population of the city is 378,259man, citing detailed research conducted by an independent non-professional group from Washington, DC. ^[10]

The Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington Statistical Group has 2,155,137 members, making it the largest in Ohio and the 24th in the region that includes Hamilton, Butler, Warren, Claremont, and Brown counties in Ohio, Boone, Bracken, Campbell, Gallatin, Grant, Kenton and Peddleton in Kentucky, Dearborn, Franklin and Ohio in Indiana.

Economy

Tax rate 6.5%. There are six factories of Procter & Gamble in the vicinity of the city.

Transport

In the 19th century, the main form of public transport was the tram. The original tramway system was finally developed and put into operation in 1951.

Important highways pass through Cincinnati – No. 75, No. 275, No. 71. There is an international airport. Most of the streets in the city are one-way (sometimes four-lane) traffic, which saves the city from traffic jams. A feature of the city is the original name of the streets – the streets located along the Ohio River have a digital designation, starting from the coastline (First, Second, etc.), and the streets located perpendicular to the river have tree names (Plane, Oak, etc.). .).

Culture

City center.

The sights of Cincinnati are the museum, located in the building of the old railway station with excellent acoustics (due to the architectural features of the building, you can talk to another person who is almost 100 meters away from you without raising your voice), two buildings of the general office of Procter & Gamble, a modern pre-prison building located in the city center and not having a fence, external security and bars on the windows (in appearance it looks more like a bank building), as well as Sky Walk – a covered pedestrian zone located at the level of the second floors of buildings and connecting several buildings located in the city center – Downtown. In addition, Cincinnati has several large and beautiful bridges across the Ohio River, connecting it with the satellite city of Covington, located in another state – Kentucky.

Education

Cincinnati Plaza Fountain

Founded in 1819, the University of Cincinnati is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning west of the Appalachians. About 40 thousand students study at the university in more than 200 specialties. The city is also home to Xavier University and Cincinnati State College.

Sports

Local baseball team, the Cincinnati Rads, plays in the national league. There is a large baseball stadium for the games of this team. The Cincinnati Bengals American football team plays in the National Football League.

Every August, Cincinnati hosts one of the major international Masters tennis tournaments for men and women. In 2006, it was won by Russian tennis player Vera Zvonareva.

There is a hockey arena where the Cincinnati Cyclones hockey team plays.

Race relations

allowed slavery (Kentucky), and a state that did not have slavery (Ohio). Some Cincinnati residents played an important role in the anti-slavery movement. Many slaves used the Ohio River and the Cincinnati to escape north.

In 1829, during the anti-abolitionist attack on the Negroes, riots broke out. As a result, 1,200 blacks left the city and moved to Canada. Rebellion and refugees were widely discussed in the country, and in 1830 the first Black Convention was adopted in Philadelphia. Unrest also broke out in 1836 and 1841. In 1836, a mob of 700 anti-abolitionists again attacked the Negro neighborhoods of the city. ^[11] Later, the tension increased even more after the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act.

Garrett Beecher Stowe, then living in Cincinnati, met runaway slaves and used their stories as the basis for her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Levi Coffin in 1847 made Cincinnati the center of his anti-slavery struggle.

In the second half of the 20th century, Cincinnati, along with other heavy industrial cities ^[12] , underwent an extensive demographic transformation. Working-class white families, the backbone of the city since the 19th century European immigration boom, moved to the suburbs. The black population, fleeing from the south in the hope of better socio-economic conditions, settled in the vicinity of the old city. Racial strife simmered until the murder at 19In the year 68 of Martin Luther King Jr., when another riot occurred in Cincinnati, as well as in almost every other city in the middle strip of the United States.

In April 2001, there were riots in the city associated with the murder of an African American by a white police officer.

Crime

See also: Cincinnati Riots (2001)

Prior to the 2001 riots, Cincinnati’s crime rate had steadily declined, reaching a bottom in 1992. ^[13] After the riots, the number of violent crimes increased, and in 2005 Cincinnati was one of the 20 most dangerous cities in America. ^[14] However, thanks to the actions of the police, in the first 4 months of 2007, there were 15. 3% fewer cases of violent crime than in the same period in 2006. The Children’s Hospital recorded a 78% decrease in the number of gunshot wounds, and the hospital noted a drop in this indicator by 17%. ^[15] In May and June 2006, the Cincinnati Police Department, in conjunction with the Hamilton County Sheriff, created a twenty-deputy task force to help end crime in downtown Cincinnati on 29%.

However, as of 2009, Cincinnati remains the 19th most dangerous city in the United States. ^[16]

In 2010, there were 72 reported murders, 41 of which were solved as of February 2011.

The Cincinnati Detention Facility, which holds remand prisoners, administrative arrestees, and criminals with terms of up to a year and a half in prison, is the pride of the city. It has all the conditions for convicts to go in for sports, communicate with relatives and eat well: it is even possible to choose dishes to order. Basketball matches are held periodically between the arrested and the administration, in which, as a rule, the arrested win. Part of the contingent has the right to work outside the prison. The building is equipped with elevators, each cell for 16 people has two TVs, two showers, two large dining tables and a pay phone. Each prisoner has a separate, locked from the inside, box with a bed, a toilet bowl, a washbasin and a window. The windows in the cells do not have bars, as they are glazed with seven-layer bulletproof glass that can withstand a heavy machine gun shot. Moreover, at the beginning of 90-s, the prisoners filed a lawsuit against the prison administration demanding to increase the area of ​​glazing of the cells for sanitary and hygienic reasons and won the process. In this regard, the building was modernized and the window area was increased. The sheriff’s office is located in the same building.

Sister cities

• Kharkiv (Ukrainian Kharkiv), Ukraine
• Liuzhou (Chinese 柳州, ​​pinyin: Liǔzhōu ), China
• Munich (German: München ), Germany
• Gifu (岐阜市), Japan
• Netanya (Hebrew נְתַנְיָה‎), Israel
• Taipei (Chinese 臺北市, pinyin: Táiběi Shì ), Taiwan
• Nancy (fr. Nancy ), France

Notable residents

Born and lived in Cincinnati at various times:

• Benjamin Harrison (1833-1901) – 23rd President of the United States
• Tyrone Power (1914-1958) – theater and film actor
• Doris Day (b. 1924) – film actress
• Charles Manson (born 1934) – serial killer, member of the Family cult
• Ted Turner (b. 1938) founder of CNN

24/7 news channel

• Steven Spielberg (born 1946) – director, film producer
• Carmen Electra (b. 1972) – top model, actress, singer
• Rich Franklin (b. 1974) – MMA fighter

Notes

1. ↑ Find A County
2. ↑ Census: Cincinnati 57th-largest U.S. city ​​- Business Courier
3. ↑ Vexler, Robert. Cincinnati: A Chronological & Documentary History.
4. ↑ Writers’ Program, Cincinnati: A Guide to the Queen City and its Neighbors, Washington, DC: Works Project Administration
5. ↑ Cincinnati Magazine, Vol. 16, no. 11 (Emmis Communications): 96. ISSN 0746-8210
6. ↑ http://biosci.ohio-state.edu/~biodiv/MusselProject/physiomap.html
7. ↑ cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/oh/331576.pdf
8. ↑ factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-context=adp&-qr_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_DP3YR5&-ds_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_&-tree_id=3307&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=16000US3

   0&-format=&- _lang=en

9. ↑ http://census.gov/popest/cities/files/SUB-EST2006_39.csv
10. ↑ Local news | Cincinnati.com | cincinnati.com
11. ↑ Pro-Slavery Riots
12. ↑ en:Rust belt
13. ↑ CRIME RATE DROPPING SLIGHTLY MURDERS, RAPES UP, SAYS NEW FBI STUDY.(NEWS) – The Cincinnati Post (Cincinnati, OH) | High Beam Research
14. ↑ media.www.newsrecord.org/media/storage/paper693/news/2005/11/30/News/Cincinnati.Ranked.20th.Most.Dangerous.City-1115640.shtml
15. ↑ Kelley, Eileen and Jane Prendergast.