Girl names that can be boy names: “Boy Names” For Baby Girls

Girl Names for Baby Boys Aren’t a Thing

In 2017, there were 205 Ezras, 237 Lincolns, 137 Austins, and 107 Wyatts born in the U.S. who shared something unexpected in common: They’re girls.

These babies’ parents made a decision that thousands of their peers did in giving their newborn daughters a name that is generally considered male. According to Pamela Redmond Satran, who co-runs the baby-name website Nameberry, the past 10 years of government baby-naming data indicate “an overall radical increase in the number of girls getting these names.” She says that some parents “celebrate the idea of naming a baby girl James,” for instance, as an attempt to upset gender expectations by showing that girls can take on traits that are traditionally perceived as masculine.

CREDIT: The Atlantic | Data: Nameberry, social security administration

What’s noticeably absent, though, is a boomlet operating in the other direction. “It’s clear from the data that boys are not being named Sue or Sarah or Elizabeth,” Satran says. Indeed, when I looked at government data myself, I found that there was a conspicuous trend: Two of the most popular boys’ names in 2017, Noah and James, were given to 170 girls and 77 girls, respectively, that year. But the number of little boys given one of 2017’s top 10 girls’ names was as low as six and no higher than 17, which is so small that it might reflect errors in birth records. (Last year, there were estimated to be about 3.85 million births in the U.S., so even the more common practice of giving girls boys’ names is far from mainstream.)

Why aren’t there more baby boys with girls’ names? The answer has to do not just with how Americans think about gender and baby names today, but with how they’ve thought about the interplay between those two things for about a century—and with how names like Ashley, Shirley, and Shannon started off thoroughly male and ended up thoroughly female.

While parents who give their daughter a boy’s name might be trying to subvert gender norms, such a name is only desirable—connotations of “strength” and “coolness” are what Satran says some parents are after—because masculinity is seen as desirable. So it’s considered perfectly fine for a girl to exhibit traits associated with masculinity, yet a “serious problem” when men or boys reveal “even a whiff of femininity,” says Brian Powell, a sociologist at Indiana University. He says this one-way exchange is typical of scenarios in which one group of people has a higher perceived status than another; just as with the “one-drop rule,” a legal precedent that originated in the 17th century and categorized those with any “black” blood as fully black, a higher-status group avoids taking on any traits of the lower-status group.

The gender associations of a name can have a big effect on how people are perceived. A 2001 study showed that women with “androgynous” names like Casey or Kerry were perceived as more masculine than those with traditionally feminine names, while men with such gender-neutral names were perceived as less masculine. Other researchers have found that girls with gender-neutral names are more likely to take advanced math and science classes in high school and that female lawyers with unisex names are more likely to become judges.

Laura Wattenberg, the creator of the website Baby Name Wizard, remembers what happened after she listed the name Riley under the girls’ section (as well as the boys’) of her book of baby names in 2005. “I got angry letters from parents who had named their sons Riley and were furious at me for ruining their son’s name by suggesting it was legitimate to name a girl,” she says. (By then, the majority of Rileys being born were girls, as is still the case.)

As Wattenberg told me, those parents were resisting the long history of certain names making the switch from male to female. “Traditionally,” she says, “unisex names or cross-sex name usage has always been a one-way street—that is, always been boys’ names being taken up for girls. I don’t think we realize how much it happened in the past.” She’s talking about names like Ashley, Leslie, Dana, Shannon, Beverly, and Shirley, all of which started off as male names. (Ironically, the only web page I saw suggesting girls’ names for boys included multiple of these originally-male, now-female names. )

What leads some parents to pick a particular male name for a female baby over another? One factor Wattenberg mentioned is phonetics—nearly all male names ending in a vowel sound are “fair game for girls.” She also pointed to the influence of celebrities: Dakota, a “rugged, Western name,” was popular for boys in the ’90s, but underwent a rapid gender shift when the first famous Dakota (Fanning) happened to be a girl. (Long before her, Shirley Temple is credited with having given parents a similar idea about her first name.) Celebrities’ own baby-naming decisions set examples too, as Blake Lively and Ryan Reynolds named their daughter James, and Ashton Kutcher and Mila Kunis named theirs Wyatt.

Satran, of Nameberry, noted the influence of culture more broadly. Some of those Ezras, Lincolns, Austins, and Wyatts owe their names to today’s version of female empowerment, but some parents of the past have had similar thoughts. Satran cited, for instance, the “broad-shouldered power-suits trend” of the early 1980s, “when girls were first given names like Tyler or Jackson. ”

Many of today’s parents of baby boys, though, do seem to be thinking differently about gender than the generation that preceded them. “Today we are seeing a quantifiable shift, that more boys are in fact being given unisex names than 30 years ago,” says Satran. She adds, “Parents might not be naming their boys Sue, but they’re naming them Robin, for instance.”

A trend in the opposite direction that Wattenberg has noticed, however, is the rise of “cartoonishly hypermasculine names like Jaxx and Ace and Titan” for boys. “There are more babies named Zeus than there ever used to be,” she says. Many parents seem comfortable giving their baby boys nontraditional names—whether unisex or über-masculine—but remain uncomfortable venturing into exclusively female territory.

Once upon a time, though, parents didn’t consider such things when deciding what to call the next generation. “Something that we don’t often realize today is that there didn’t used to be baby-name trends at all,” Wattenberg says. In the past, the inspiration for names was usually limited to one’s religion or relatives; in the early 1800s, nearly one in four girls and women in the United Kingdom were named Mary, and roughly one in five boys and men there were named John.

The late sociologist Stanley Lieberson theorized that, in the U.S., as the importance of one’s extended family and religion diminished, names were “increasingly free to be matters of taste.” Satran marks 1947 as a watershed year, when the name Linda eclipsed Mary as the most popular name for American baby girls, and after that, she says, “the balance tipped to more people choosing names because they liked them, because they were stylish or cute.” All of a sudden, parents found themselves choosing not just names, but also “deeper values or political ideals,” says Satran. From then on, a name’s gender associations became one of many criteria to be considered as parents brought their children into the world.

Which brings us to the present, and perhaps the future, of baby names. Nowadays, no name enjoys the dominance that Mary or John ever did, because so many parents seek out original names. “That means that names that had a traditional gender association are disappearing,” Wattenberg says, “and in their place are surnames [used as first names], word names, place names, just total new creations out of Scrabble tiles.”

This might seem to point to a future where names have no gendered history, and where a boy’s parents won’t be so alarmed when their son’s name gets tainted by femininity. But that’s not what Wattenberg has seen so far. “I’ve looked at what happens to those names over time, and the answer is they either disappear or they typically end up in one column or the other,” she says. In other words, gender norms will still force names to pick a side. They almost always do.

14 Baby Names For Boys That Are Typically “Girl” Names

As the mother of two young children, I’ve spent a considerable amount of time pouring over baby names and have always been drawn to unisex names. But while I considered many gender-bending names for little girls during my pregnancies, I don’t think I gave baby names for boys that are typically “girl” names a fair shake. As a feminist, this surprises me — equality being the cornerstone of my belief system and all. Isn’t avoiding “girl” names for little boys just feeding into the idea that men must always be masculine, un-soft, and essentially the antithesis of whatever it is people think constitutes being female?

Here’s the bottom line: There are a ton of beautiful names out there for little boys that may be deemed feminine by the mainstream. It doesn’t mean you shouldn’t use them. In fact, what’s interesting is that many of the names of this list were historically considered male names but have transitioned into female-centric names over time. It just goes to show that defining a name by gender norms is silly — there’s no way to tell how a name’s connotation will change over time. In my book, every name is fair game whether you’re having a little boy or a little girl. Besides, it’s your kid and you’ll name it whatever the heck you want, right?

In that spirit, here are a few of my favorite “girl” names for little boys. Go forth and blaze those gender-defying trails, my friends.

1. Addison

This name wasn’t even a blip on the radar for little girls until 1994, when it suddenly broke into the Top 1000. Since then, it has consistently ranked within the top 50 names for little girls in the United States. However, in the 1880s, this name — which means “son of Adam” — was used exclusively for boys and was quite popular at that.

2. Ashley

Remember sweet Ashley Wilkes in Gone with the Wind? His moniker is now considered a major throwback for boys, with the name having gone from 100 percent male in the 1800s to essentially 100 percent female in the present. But I still think this name is super cool for boys, partially because I knew a super-chill guy named Ashley in high school and partially because I like the nickname “Ash. “

3. Avery

This name has made all kinds of changes over the years, going from last-name to first-name and boy’s name to girl’s name. This name — which means “ruler of the elves” — is still cool AF for boys, though. Plus, it makes me think of Jackson Avery from Grey’s Anatomy … so there’s that.

4. Aubrey

Although this name has been in the Top 50 for little girls for the past five years or so, it wasn’t always popular for females. In fact, prior to 1974, it was used exclusively for males. It means “elf ruler,” and it was particularly popular for little boys in England during the Middle Ages.

5. Bailey

Another surname turned first name, Bailey means “law enforcer” or “bailiff.” Pretty rad, right? This name actually peaked for boys in 1997, so it wasn’t that long ago that it was unisex (at the very least).

6. Blair

Depending on where you live, this might sound like a weird addition to this list — in the UK, Blair is still incredibly popular for boys as opposed to girls. In the United States, though, you’ll be hard-pressed any more to find a little boy named Blair. Meaning “dweller on the plain,” this Scottish name deserves a comeback.

7. Cassidy

Confession: I love this name for little boys. Irish in descent, Cassidy — which means “curly-headed” — always makes me think of Butch Cassidy, the notorious bank robber-slash-Wild-Bunch-gang-leader of the Old West. How could that not be a killer name for a boy to have? Plus, the nickname “Cass” have a good vibe to it, don’t you think?

8. Dana

I’m not entirely sure why this name flipped from 100 percent male in 1880 to 92 percent female in 2012, given its androgynous meaning of “from Denmark.” But it definitely flipped, and you don’t hear of many boys by the name these days. I have a good female friend and a good male friend named Dana, and they’re both brilliant people. So, yeah, I’m a fan.

9. Gale

Alluding in meaning to a hurricane-force wind, this name is a force of nature no matter who you use it for. Having said that, it has gone from exclusively male in the 1800s to almost exclusively male today. But considering it is the name of Liam Hemsworth’s character in the Hunger Games film franchise, we may see it become a popular unisex choice.

10. Harper

As names go, Harper is having a moment for little girls and has been for several years now. But the name, which means “harp player,” wasn’t always considered feminine and was quite ordinary for boys dating back to the 1800s. Since I long ago pledge my undying love to the late Harper Lee, I think tipping your hat to her via this name for a little boy is perfect.

11. Leslie

While this Scottish name meaning “garden of holly” has dropped off in popularity for little boys, there’s still much to love about it. Did you know that President Gerald Ford was born a Leslie? How about Bob Hope? Not to mention Leslie Howard, the actor who played the aforementioned Ashley Wilkes in Gone with the Wind? And how could anyone forget the hilarious late actor Leslie Nielson from the Naked Gun series?

12.

Marlow/Marley

In full disclosure, my daughter’s name is Marlow, so I’m pretty partial to this name. The name, which means “driftwood,” isn’t necessarily a mainstream name for either sex, but it has been leaning heavily to little girls in the last few years. Same with Marley. But Marley obviously hearkens Bob Marley, and Marlow … well, I know at least one guy named Marlow who is cool AF too — one of my favorite fellow writers, Marlow Stern.

13. Presley

Currently ranking at No. 189 for girls, this name is totally rock ‘n roll — and rock ‘n roll don’t follow no rules, y’all. Use it for a boy; use it for a girl. It’s fierce either way. The King would most definitely approve.

14. Reese

It’s easy to see why this name is seemingly synonymous with little girls these days, given the mass appeal of Oscar-winning actress Reese Witherspoon. The name, which is a spelling variation on the masculine Rhys, has been on the decline for boys since 2003. But, let’s face it, Reese is just a great name any way you slice it.

Images: RicardoImagen/E+/Getty Images; Giphy (14)

Top names of the 1900s

The following table shows the 200 most popular given names for male and female
babies born during the 1900s. For each rank and sex, the table shows
the name and the number of occurrences of that name. The 200 most popular names
were taken from a universe that includes 1,467,410 male births and
3,106,292 female births

Popular names of the period 1900s

	Males		Females
Rank	Name	Number	Name	Number
1	John	84,590	Mary	161,504
2	William	69,319	Helen	69,428
3	James	62,170	Margaret	57,920
4	George	43,589	Anna	54,918
5	Charles	36,184	Ruth	51,010
6	Robert	35,849	Elizabeth	41,708
7	Joseph	35,173	Dorothy	39,112
8	Frank	29,046	Marie	37,091
9	Edward	24,516	Florence	36,191
10	Thomas	21,784	Mildred	36,173
11	Henry	21,772	Alice	35,232
12	Walter	19,997	Ethel	34,868
13	Harry	17,906	Lillian	32,519
14	Willie	17,746	Gladys	30,285
15	Arthur	15,408	Edna	29,832
16	Albert	15,318	Frances	28,499
17	Clarence	13,573	Rose	28,106
18	Fred	13,076	Annie	27,748
19	Harold	12,795	Grace	26,926
20	Paul	12,637	Bertha	24,247
21	Raymond	11,650	Emma	24,176
22	Richard	10,676	Bessie	23,984
23	Roy	10,632	Clara	23,899
24	Joe	10,466	Hazel	23,802
25	Louis	10,372	Irene	23,656
26	Carl	9,865	Gertrude	23,607
27	Ralph	9,298	Louise	22,862
28	Earl	9,251	Catherine	22,007
29	Jack	9,222	Martha	21,750
30	Ernest	8,657	Mabel	21,625
31	David	8,621	Pearl	20,913
32	Samuel	8,149	Edith	20,884
33	Howard	8,014	Esther	20,026
34	Charlie	7,928	Minnie	19,715
35	Francis	7,021	Myrtle	19,691
36	Herbert	6,957	Ida	18,866
37	Lawrence	6,846	Josephine	18,785
38	Theodore	6,490	Evelyn	18,602
39	Alfred	6,356	Elsie	18,452
40	Andrew	6,278	Eva	18,357
41	Elmer	6,161	Thelma	18,265
42	Sam	6,161	Ruby	18,176
43	Eugene	5,909	Agnes	17,616
44	Leo	5,629	Sarah	17,342
45	Michael	5,220	Viola	16,559
46	Lee	5,158	Nellie	16,339
47	Herman	5,064	Beatrice	16,282
48	Anthony	5,043	Julia	16,107
49	Daniel	5,036	Laura	15,532
50	Leonard	5,022	Lillie	15,391
51	Floyd	4,968	Lucille	15,041
52	Donald	4,633	Ella	14,764
53	Kenneth	4,579	Virginia	14,539
54	Jesse	4,559	Mattie	13,837
55	Russell	4,552	Pauline	13,310
56	Clyde	4,524	Carrie	13,140
57	Oscar	4,517	Alma	13,092
58	Peter	4,376	Jessie	12,756
59	Lester	4,361	Mae	12,711
60	Leroy	4,300	Lena	12,703
61	Ray	4,256	Willie	12,357
62	Stanley	4,156	Katherine	12,105
63	Clifford	4,055	Blanche	11,730
64	Lewis	4,042	Hattie	11,717
65	Benjamin	4,009	Marion	11,713
66	Edwin	3,961	Lucy	11,020
67	Frederick	3,900	Stella	11,014
68	Chester	3,788	Mamie	10,618
69	Claude	3,704	Vera	10,457
70	Eddie	3,695	Cora	10,372
71	Cecil	3,610	Fannie	10,346
72	Lloyd	3,507	Eleanor	10,030
73	Jessie	3,379	Bernice	10,010
74	Martin	3,346	Jennie	9,988
75	Bernard	3,296	Ann	9,932
76	Tom	3,293	Leona	9,849
77	Will	3,246	Beulah	9,716
78	Norman	3,178	Lula	9,518
79	Edgar	3,154	Rosa	9,297
80	Harvey	3,104	Ada	9,121
81	Ben	3,028	Ellen	8,339
82	Homer	2,915	Kathryn	8,333
83	Luther	2,866	Maggie	8,289
84	Leon	2,859	Doris	8,252
85	Melvin	2,840	Dora	8,011
86	Philip	2,817	Betty	7,920
87	Johnnie	2,781	Marguerite	7,912
88	Jim	2,718	Violet	7,844
89	Milton	2,695	Lois	7,691
90	Everett	2,597	Daisy	7,687
91	Allen	2,558	Anne	7,615
92	Leslie	2,531	Sadie	7,461
93	Alvin	2,484	Susie	7,311
94	Victor	2,447	Nora	7,172
95	Marvin	2,324	Georgia	7,142
96	Stephen	2,247	Maude	7,142
97	Alexander	2,230	Marjorie	7,025
98	Jacob	2,191	Opal	6,791
99	Hugh	2,176	Hilda	6,783
100	Patrick	2,141	Velma	6,558
101	Virgil	2,134	Emily	6,423
102	Horace	2,125	Theresa	6,396
103	Glenn	2,122	Charlotte	6,194
104	Oliver	2,088	Inez	6,115
105	Morris	2,059	Olive	6,027
106	Vernon	2,053	Flora	6,015
107	Archie	2,048	Della	5,958
108	Julius	2,038	Lola	5,949
109	Gerald	2,014	Jean	5,931
110	Maurice	1,981	Effie	5,870
111	Sidney	1,981	Nancy	5,733
112	Marion	1,967	Nettie	5,680
113	Otis	1,966	Sylvia	5,559
114	Vincent	1,954	May	5,546
115	Guy	1,913	Lottie	5,482
116	Earnest	1,907	Alberta	5,475
117	Wilbur	1,839	Eunice	5,376
118	Gilbert	1,822	Sallie	5,306
119	Willard	1,821	Katie	5,304
120	Ed	1,814	Genevieve	5,292
121	Roosevelt	1,790	Estelle	5,259
122	Hubert	1,771	Lydia	5,242
123	Manuel	1,751	Loretta	5,151
124	Warren	1,748	Mable	5,148
125	Otto	1,746	Goldie	4,966
126	Alex	1,745	Eula	4,872
127	Ira	1,714	Rosie	4,828
128	Wesley	1,693	Lizzie	4,824
129	Curtis	1,683	Vivian	4,818
130	Wallace	1,654	Verna	4,752
131	Lonnie	1,645	Ollie	4,725
132	Gordon	1,642	Harriet	4,600
133	Isaac	1,638	Lucile	4,566
134	Jerry	1,636	Addie	4,563
135	Charley	1,633	Marian	4,532
136	Jose	1,627	Henrietta	4,514
137	Nathan	1,616	Jane	4,498
138	Max	1,567	Lela	4,473
139	Mack	1,562	Essie	4,467
140	Rufus	1,552	Caroline	4,276
141	Arnold	1,546	Ora	4,262
142	Irving	1,524	Iva	4,212
143	Percy	1,517	Sara	4,210
144	Bill	1,513	Maria	4,174
145	Dan	1,499	Madeline	4,080
146	Willis	1,468	Rebecca	4,052
147	Bennie	1,438	Wilma	4,012
148	Jimmie	1,372	Etta	4,003
149	Orville	1,365	Barbara	4,001
150	Sylvester	1,343	Rachel	3,974
151	Rudolph	1,339	Kathleen	3,924
152	Glen	1,337	Irma	3,909
153	Nicholas	1,334	Christine	3,901
154	Dewey	1,320	Geneva	3,861
155	Emil	1,319	Sophie	3,839
156	Roland	1,316	Juanita	3,837
157	Steve	1,307	Nina	3,743
158	Calvin	1,291	Naomi	3,700
159	Mike	1,281	Victoria	3,692
160	Johnie	1,276	Amelia	3,664
161	Bert	1,253	Erma	3,623
162	August	1,245	Mollie	3,475
163	Clifton	1,197	Susan	3,448
164	Franklin	1,196	Flossie	3,410
165	Matthew	1,188	Ola	3,410
166	Emmett	1,187	Nannie	3,391
167	Phillip	1,161	Norma	3,335
168	Wayne	1,158	Sally	3,294
169	Edmund	1,151	Olga	3,172
170	Abraham	1,145	Alta	3,091
171	Nathaniel	1,143	Estella	3,068
172	Marshall	1,135	Celia	2,971
173	Dave	1,133	Freda	2,932
174	Elbert	1,131	Isabel	2,926
175	Clinton	1,122	Amanda	2,923
176	Felix	1,108	Frieda	2,897
177	Alton	1,102	Luella	2,895
178	Ellis	1,100	Matilda	2,892
179	Nelson	1,064	Janie	2,853
180	Amos	1,062	Fern	2,813
181	Clayton	1,057	Cecelia	2,793
182	Aaron	1,050	Audrey	2,707
183	Perry	1,047	Winifred	2,689
184	Adam	1,021	Elva	2,677
185	Tony	1,020	Ina	2,667
186	Irvin	1,007	Adeline	2,646
187	Jake	989	Leola	2,615
188	Dennis	988	Hannah	2,605
189	Jerome	972	Geraldine	2,589
190	Mark	972	Amy	2,576
191	Cornelius	956	Allie	2,574
192	Ollie	952	Miriam	2,566
193	Douglas	950	Isabelle	2,514
194	Pete	949	Bonnie	2,496
195	Ted	942	Virgie	2,466
196	Adolph	941	Sophia	2,460
197	Roger	928	Cleo	2,441
198	Jay	926	Jeanette	2,438
199	Roscoe	916	Nell	2,436
200	Juan	912	Eliza	2,397
	Source: 100% sample based on Social Security card application data as of of March 2022. See the limitations of this data source.

how to choose a beautiful name for a boy

We consider the basic principles that should be followed when choosing a name for a boy so that his son grows up confident, smart and successful

Olga Alexandrova

KP journalist

Scientists at the University of California at Berkeley conducted a study where they interviewed more than 450 students with both original and often common names to understand whether the choice of a name affected the fate of a person. So, here, the students admitted that the owners of strange and funny names suffered from neuroses four times more often and were predisposed to the development of complexes. Such people are more likely to develop defensive skills, they are less likely to trust others. This is especially true for the stronger sex. Therefore, choosing the right name for your son is very important and even fateful.

So what are the principles to be followed in order for your son to grow up happy, successful and successful? How to choose a name for a boy? Parapsychologists assure that already at 7-8 months of pregnancy, you can “try” the names you like by ear, say a list, they say, if the baby likes the name, he will feel it at the vibration level and let you know. But this method is rather for those who believe in it. Linguists give some advice: a short name is most suitable for a long patronymic, and a short name is consonant with a long one. For example, Ivan Alekseevich or Alexei Ilyich. For ease of pronunciation, you need to remember about sound harmony: the first letter of the patronymic is a vowel, the last letter of the name must be a consonant, and vice versa. For example, Nikita Sergeevich, not Nikita Alexandrovich. The cluster of consonants at the junction of the name and patronymic sounds dissonant, as well as repetitions of the same consonant sounds, the tongue will “stumble” every time it is pronounced. Artem Rolandovich, Ruslan Valerievich. The ideal option is when the stress in both the name and patronymic will fall on the same syllable in a row, it’s easier to pronounce. For example, Sergei Andreevich, Anton Sergeevich.

Ideal combinations of first name and patronymic for men

In honor of the father, but a diminutive

It is noble to name a son after the father, but psychologists do not advise doing this. Subconsciously, the growing heir will be constantly pressed by the authority of the father and his potential, expressed or unrealized. If the father is successful, the guy will strive all his life to match him. And if it doesn’t work out, it will lead to complexes. If the father did not achieve much in life, then looking back at the less successful namesake-father will slow down the leader. In addition, the same names in the family psychoenergetically weaken both the son and the father. But if you still decide to name the child in honor of the pope, then choose another diminutive name. So you identify the baby as a separate person and avoid confusion in the family.

This is interesting

Male names that attract

, how you call your son, will affect his fate and career

Do not call the women-Muzhsky name 9000

Psychologists. it is not recommended to call your son a female-male name (Valya, Zhenya. Sasha), especially if you have an indeclinable surname. This will create internal discomfort for the growing heir, when he will have to explain to others every time what gender he is. Plus, you should not still call the child too original a name, this is a great temptation for others to come up with offensive nicknames for him. In adolescence, when all feelings are heightened, the boy may end up hating his name.

Remember the sound

Psychologists are sure that a “hard” or “soft” name can really bring the missing features to the baby’s personality. If you want your baby to grow up as a leader, confident, purposeful, then it is advisable to use the sound “p” and “p” in the name. Names with the sound “l”, “m”, “n” are a sign that their carrier has a soft and kind character. But! Certain qualities can be softened, neutralized if there are too many owners of one name – in the classroom, in kindergarten, in the team. Hence the life hack: when registering a child in the registry office, specify how many children with a name like your son’s were registered with them this year? It is possible that they will all meet later in the same class. And not a single school can handle 30 Igor-leaders.

How to choose a son’s name according to the holy calendar

The more modern dads and mothers turn their heads towards the church, the more common the trend for choosing a name according to the holy calendar becomes. It is believed that the saint in whose honor the baby is named will protect and protect him all his life. Moreover, now church laws are softer, the saints allow naming a child by the name of a saint, whose memory will be celebrated on the 8th and 40th day after his birth. And not just on a specific birthday. In addition, today, calendars are increasingly used by months, and not by days.

By the way, parents may be surprised that in the holy calendar, some names of boys according to the church calendar are repeated in different months. This does not mean that a given name has one patron on different dates; for example, in December, Alexander celebrates the day of the Angel, his patron is the holy noble prince Alexander Nevsky, and Alexander, born in April, has his own heavenly patron, the Monk Alexander of Svir. Your child’s name day will be the same no matter what year it is.

SEPTEMBER

Akim, Athanasius, Andrey, Arseniy, Alexander, Anton, German, Gleb, Grigory, Gennady, Daniil, Dmitry, David, Zakhar, Ivan, Kliment, Kirill, Mikhail, Makar, Maxim, Nikandr, Nikita, Pavel, Peter, Sergey, Semyon, Savva, Timofey, Fadey, Fedot, Foma, Fedor, Christopher, Khariton, Julian, Yakov , Dmitry, Denis, David, Erofey, Efim, Igor, Ignatius, Ivan, Kuzma, Konstantin, Luka, Leonty, Mikhail, Maxim, Makar, Martyn, Matvey, Mark, Nazar, Nikita, Oleg, Peter, Pavel, Roman, Sergey , Stepan, Trofim, Philip, Fedor, Foma, Khariton, Julian

NOVEMBER

Alexander, Anton, Andrey, Artem, Arseniy, Afanasy, Vikenty, Valery, Victor, German, Georgy, Grigory, Dmitry, Denis, Egor, Evgeny, Zinovy, Irakly, Ivan, Ignatiy, Kirill, Kuzma, Konstantin, Mikhail, Mark, Maxim, Nikandr, Orest, Pavel, Stepan, Fedot, Fedor, Yuri, Yakov

DECEMBER

Alexander, Athanasius, Andrei, Anton, Alexei, Anatoly, Vsevolod, Valery, Vasily, Grigory, Gabriel, George, Gennady, Yegor, Zakhar, Innokenty, Ivan, Maxim, Makar, Mikhail, Nikolai, Naum, Peter, Plato, Roman, Stepan, Savva, Fedor, Christopher, Yuri, Yakov

JANUARY

Anthony, Alexander, Anisius, Anatoly, Arseny, Aristarchus, Adam, Arkady, Anton, Anthony, Artem, Antip, Archippus, Athanasius, Vasily, Barnabas, Basilides, Benjamin, Boniface, Basilisk Vladimir, Victor, Vyacheslav, Grigory, George, Gordy, Gabriel, Denis, Dmitry, David, Dositheus, Daniel, Efim, Evfimy, Yerema, Zinovy, Zosima, Zotik, Ilya, Ignatius, Joseph, Ivan, Hypatius, Iakinf, Innokenty, Isaac, Carp, Cleopas, Kirill, Konstantin, Kondrat, Lavrenty, Leonid, Leonty, Luka

FEBRUARY

Alexey, Arseniy, Anton, Alexander, Akim, Arkady, Vitaly, Valentin, Vsevolod, Valerian, Vlas, Vasily, Victor, Veniamin, Valery, Georgy, German, Gerasim, Grigory, Gabriel, Gennady, Dmitry, David, Ephraim, Egor, Efim, Eugene, Zakhar, Hippolyte, Ignat, Innokenty, Ignatius, Ivan, Konstantin, Cyril, Clement, Leonty, Luke, Lavrenty, Maxim, Makar, Nikifor, Nikolai, Nikita, Pankrat, Prokhor, Peter, Pavel, Porfiry, Roman, Stepan, Savva, Semyon, Timofey, Feoktist, Philip, Fedor, Felix, Yuri, Justinian, Julian, January, Jacob

MARCH

Alexey, Athanasius, Alexander, Arkady, Arseniy, Anton, Valery, Vyacheslav, Venedikt, Victor, Vasily, Georgy, Grigory, Gerasim, David, Denis, Daniil (Danila), Efim, Evgeny, Egor, Irakli, Ilya, Ivan, Kuzma, Casimir, Cyril, Cornelius (Kornei), Konstantin, Leonty, Leo, Leonid, Mikhail, Makar, Mark, Maxim, Nikifor, Nikandr, Peter, Polycarp, Pavel, Rostislav, Razumnik, Roman, Sofron, Savva , Sevastyan, Stepan, Semyon, Taras, Trofim, Timofey, Philip, Fedor, Fedot, Yuri, Julian, Yakov

APRIL

Andrey, Alexander, Anton, Artem, Veniamin, Vadim, Vasily, Georgy, Gabriel, David, Diy, Daniel, Evtikhy, Efim, Evstafiy, Egor, Zosima, Zakhar, Innokenty, Ivan, Keefa, Kirill, Leonid, Makar, Martin, Mstislav, Maxim, Mark, Nikita, Plato, Peter, Sergey, Savva, Stepan, Semyon, Trofim, Foma, Fill, Khariton, Yuri, Yakov

MAY

Anatoly, Alexander, Alexey, Anton , Boris, Vasily, Vsevolod, Victor, Vitaly, Gabriel, German, Gordian, George, Galaction, Gerasim, Grigory, Gleb, Denis, David, Ignat, Ivan, Kirill, Kalinnik, Kuzma, Cyprian, Konstantin, Lazar, Leonty, Mark , Maxim, Nikita, Nectarius, Nikifor, Peter, Roman, Stepan, Savva, Semyon, Foma, Fedor, Yakov

JUNE

Andrey, Arseniy, Alexey, Alexander, Anton, Vladimir, Valery, Vasily, Gennady, Grigory, Gabriel, Georgy, Dmitry, Denis, Elisey, Egor, Efrem, Eremey, Ivan, Igor, Ignat, Ignatiy, Innokenty , Karp, Konstantin, Cyril, Leonid, Leonty, Mstislav, Makar, Mikhail, Nikita, Nikandr, Nazar, Nikifor, Nikanor, Peter, Pavel, Robert, Roman, Stepan, Savva, Sylvester, Savely, Semyon, Sergey, Tikhon, Timofey , Fedor, Fedot, Christian, Khariton, Yuri, Yulian, Jan

JULY

Anatoly, Andrey, Alexander, Artem, Alexey, Arseny, Anton, Vasily, Valentin, Vladimir, Gleb, Galaktion, Gury, German, Demid, David, Denis, Daniil, Demyan, Yevsey, Efim, Emelyan, Ivan, Ipaty, Innokenty , Kuzma, Cornelius, Cyril, Konstantin, Leonty, Leo, Leonid, Matvey, Maxim, Mikhail, Mark, Nikodim, Nikita, Naum, Peter, Pavel, Roman, Semyon, Svyatoslav, Sofron, Samson, Stepan, Sergey, Stanislav, Tikhon , Terenty, Fedor, Philip, Fedot, Foma, Julius, Yulian, Yakov

AUGUST

Alexey, Arkady, Anton, Alexander, Boris, Vasily, Grigory, Gleb, German, Dmitry, Denis, David, Demid, Ilya, Kuzma , Clement, Konstantin, Leonty, Leonid, Matvey, Maximilian, Miron, Makar, Mikhail, Maxim, Nikolai, Naum, Roman, Seraphim, Stepan, Semyon, Savva, Trofim, Christopher

How to choose a son’s name according to the zodiac sign

Astrologers are sure that before coming up with a name for your daughter, you need to analyze the schedule of planets, taking into account which planets were in a strong phase at that moment. Experts in the field of astrology swear by Saturns, the right name can enhance the talents and abilities of the child, and the wrong one can weaken his strengths.

All names are divided into 12 groups, depending on the corresponding signs of the zodiac, so good names for children will be those that are in a related star group or in one of the four elements.

List of names by zodiac sign

CAPRICORN

Abram, Adam, Akim, Alexander, Artur, Bogdan, Boris, Bronislav, Vadim, George, Gleb, Grigory, David, Daniel, Denis, Dmitry, Egor, Ivan , Igor, Hilarion, Clement, Cyril, Konstantin, Leonid, Makar, Nazar, Nikolai, Oleg, Peter, Prokhor, Robert, Stanislav, Timur

AQUARIUS

Albert, Andrei, Arnold, Valery, Vitaly, Vladimir, Vladislav, Vsevolod, Gennady, Heinrich, Gleb, Eugene, Hilarion, Kirill, Leonid, Oleg, Pavel, Ruslan, Svyatoslav, Yuri

FISH

Anton, Athanasius, Bogdan, Boris, Vadim, Valentin, Valery, Vasily, Veniamin, Vladimir, Vladislav, Vyacheslav, Gabriel, Daniil, Emelyan, Efim, Ivan, Ilya, Maxim, Marat, Matvey, Mikhail, Roman, Timofey, Timur, Fedor, Philip, Foma, Yuri

ARIES

Akim, Alexander, Alexei, Andrey, Arkady, Artem, Artur, Athanasius, Borislav, Bronislav, Valery, Gabriel, Georgy, Egor, Makar, Marat , Mark, Nazar, Nikolai, Oleg, Prokhor, Rostislav, Ruslan, Eldar, Yuri, Jan, Yaroslav

TAURUS

Adam, Akim, Anatoly, Anton, Artem, Artur, Bogdan, Boris, Vasily, Veniamin, Victor, Davyd, Daniil, Demyan, Egor, Emelyan, Illarion, Ilya, Maxim, Matvey, Mikhail, Nikita, Osip, Pavel, Petr, Taras, Tikhon, Fedor

GEMINI

Alexey, Anatoly, Arkady, Valery, Gennady, German, Georgy, Evgeny, Igor, Hilarion, Innokenty, Clement, Konstantin, Mark, Nikita, Nikolai, Sergey

CANCER

Andrey, Valentin, Vasily, Vitaly, Vyacheslav, Grigory, Denis, Dmitry, Emelyan, Efim, Ilya, Lev, Maxim, Semyon, Stanislav, Stepan, Timofey, Eldar

LEV

Abram, Adam, Alexander, Alexey, Albert, Anatoly, Anton, Arnold, Artem, Artur, Bogdan, German, Davyd, Daniil, Zakhar, Ivan, Ilya, Kirill, Lev, Leonid, Makar, Mark, Nazar, Nikolai, Peter, Prokhor, Robert, Roman, Rostislav, Ruslan, Eldar, Jan

VIRGO

Valentin, Viktor, Vsevolod, Gennady, Heinrich, German, Gleb, Grigory, Demyan, Denis, Dmitry, Igor, Innokenty , Clement, Konstantin, Nikita, Prokhor, Rostislav, Sergey, Stanislav, Stepan, Timofey, Timur

SCALES

Akim, Alexey, Albert, Anatoly, Anton, Arkady, Arnold, Boris, Borislav, Veniamin, Victor, Vitaly, Evgeny, Hilarion, Innokenty, Clement, Konstantin, Lev, Leonid, Makar, Mark, Mikhail, Nazar, Nikita, Oleg, Osip, Pavel, Prokhor, Rostislav, Savely, Semyon, Timur, Philip, Foma, Yakov

SCORPIO

Aristarkh, Arkady, Athanasius, Davyd, Efim, Zakhar, Makar, Savva, Savely, Sergey , Taras, Fedor, Foma, Yuri, Yakov, Jan, Yaroslav

SAGITTARIUS

Alexander, Aristarkh, Artem, Athanasius, Vasily, Vladimir, Vladislav, Vyacheslav, George, Maxim, Marat, Osip, Peter, Roman, Ruslan, Savely, Svyatoslav, Semyon, Stanislav, Stepan, Timur, Philip, Yaroslav

How to choose a son’s name depending on the season in which he was born

Winter names

It is believed that purposeful, stubborn and strong-willed children are born in December, January and February. They grow into very whole individuals who often perceive the world somewhat one-sidedly, and sometimes too categorically. The world for them is divided into black and white, they ignore the world of shades. To soften this sharpness and hardness of nature, psychologists advise giving them neutral or mild names.

DECEMBER

Grigory, Ilya, Timofey, Daniil, Ivan, Ignat, Peter, Gennady, Nifont, Evgeny, Konstantin, Fedor, Yefim, Stefan, Vasily, Seraphim, Grigory, Mark. Anatoly, Vsevolod, Valery, Vasily, Gabriel, Georgy, Svyatoslav, Vasily, Vladimir

JANUARY

Georgy, Grigory, Emelyan, Julian; Makar, Pavel, Grigory, Mikhail, Savva, Yakov, Peter, Benjamin, Joseph, Gabriel, Ivan, Pavel, Prokhor, Maxim , Makar, Peter, Anton, Athanasius, Kirill

FEBRUARY

Ivan, Gerasim, Timofey, Nikita, Victor, Fedor, Zakhar, Savva, Semyon, Alexey, Sergey, Alexander, Vadim. Stepan, Semyon, Timofey, Feoktist, Philip, Fedor, Felix, Yuri, Justinian, Julian, January, Yakov

Spring names very changeable mood. They always need a goal for which they will try, but sometimes they will be so persistent in achieving it that they may not understand when their strength has run out. Hence the suddenly coming melancholy and bad mood. Creative work can stabilize this impulsiveness, and let them choose which one, at the behest of the soul.

Anatoly, Andrei, Alexander, Artem, Alexei, Arseny, Anton, Vasily, Valentin, Vladimir, Gleb, Galaktion, Gury, German, Demid, David, Denis , Daniel, Demyan, Evsey, Efim, Emelyan, Ivan, Ipatiy, Kuzma, Korney, Cyril, Konstantin, Leonty, Leo, Leonid, Matvey, Maxim, Mikhail, Mark, Nikodim, Nikita, Naum, Peter, Pavel, Roman, Semyon , Sofron, Samson, Stepan, Sergey, Stanislav, Tikhon, Fedor, Philip, Fedot, Thomas, Julius, Julian, Yakov 9Autumn names

Boys born in autumn are little wise men. Calm, balanced realists, they always know what they want from life. Due to a certain “thoughtfulness” of their character, they really need sonorous names that will attract attention to themselves.

SEPTEMBER

Akim, Athanasius, Andrey, Arseniy, Alexander, Anton, German, Gleb, Grigory, Gennady, Daniil, Dmitry, David, Zakhar, Ivan, Kliment, Kirill, Mikhail, Makar, Maxim, Nikandr, Nikita, Pavel, Peter, Sergey, Semyon, Savva, Timofey, Fadey, Fedot, Foma, Fedor, Christopher, Khariton, Julian, Yakov , Dmitry, Denis, David, Erofey, Efim, Igor, Ignatius, Ivan, Kuzma, Konstantin, Luka, Leonty, Mikhail, Maxim, Makar, Martyn, Matvey, Mark, Nazar, Nikita, Oleg, Peter, Pavel, Roman, Sergey , Stepan, Trofim, Philip, Fedor, Foma, Khariton, Julian

NOVEMBER

Alexander, Anton, Andrey, Artem, Arseniy, Afanasy, Vikenty, Valery, Victor, German, Georgy, Grigory, Dmitry, Denis, Egor, Evgeny, Zinovy, Irakly, Ivan, Ignatiy, Kirill, Kuzma, Konstantin, Mikhail, Mark, Maxim, Nikandr, Orest, Pavel, Stepan, Fedot, Fedor, Yuri, Yakov

Names for boys and girls popular in Germany in 2023

A suitable name for their child, which some parents are already waiting for in the next year, you can choose from the list below.

Names for boys and girls in 2022 were most often chosen with an ending in the letter “A”. For example, Mia, Emilia, Ella, Clara and Emma.

Read also: Research: Popular baby names in 2022.

All of these names made it into the top ten. Among the boys, the most popular were Luis, Henry, Emil, Theo and Luca. It’s time to look into the future and predict the top popular baby names in 2023.

Researcher Knud Bielefeld took the risk of making an initial forecast for the next year, which he extrapolated from a representative database (assessment status: February 28, 2022).

Of course, the trend may change, but at the moment most parents seem to attach great importance to the beautiful sound of the name. Short one-syllable names are now more popular than long ones.

Parents usually choose from a global pool and look for baby names that are popular all over the world. The tradition of naming one’s relatives (great-grandfathers) continues.

The most beautiful girl names for 2023:

1. Emilia. According to the forecast, in 2023, Emilia may be at the top of the list. Means “zealous”, “rival”.
2. Hanna. Favorite name among girls. The name is of Hebrew origin and means “merciful”, “graceful” and “beautiful”.
3. Mila. The name is especially popular outside of Japan. In fact, it is of Slavic origin and means “pleasant”, “loving”, “one who brings peace.”
4. Mia. Has Jewish and Latin roots. This name has been one of the most popular over the years. Means “disobedient”, “beloved” and “gift (from God)”.
5. Sofia. An absolute classic among girl names of Greek origin. It means something like “virtue” or “divine wisdom.”
6. Leni. Has the roots of the ancient Greek name “Elena”, which means “torch”, “radiance” and “rays of the sun”.
7. Emma. This name adorned some famous major characters as early as the 19th century, such as the characters in Jane Austen’s Emma or Gustave Flaubert’s Madame Bovary.
8. Ella. The name has been one of the most popular names for girls for many years. Means “beautiful” and is short for the Greek name Helena.
9. Lea. The real “lioness”, was already tenth in the best names of 2022. The name first appeared in the Old Testament.
10. Lina. A classic name that comes from Latin and translates as “gentle” and “little angel.” The name remains in the top 10 for many years.

Some of these names are popular this year as well. Parents prefer short and sonorous names for girls. The trend has only intensified in recent years.

The most beautiful boy names for 2023:

1. Matteo. Means “gift of God”. Tops the list of the most popular male names in 2022 and has every chance of repeating this success in the future.
2. A biblical name of Hebrew origin (“he who comforts”), which has been at the peak of popularity for many years.
3. Leon. The name is of Greek origin and is especially common in Spain, Greece and France.
4. Luke. Italian short form of the name Lucas (“brilliant”).
5. Finn. A Scandinavian name that has been one of the most popular names for newborn babies in Germany since the 1990s.
6. Theo. The name is always popular. Means “divine”.
7. Ilya. Elias, comes from Hebrew and could be one of the most popular baby names in 2023. Means “My God is Yahweh”.
8. Emil. “Diligent” is in fifth place in 2022, but is likely to lose several positions in the future.
9. Louis. Considered a Spanish variant of the name Ludwig and therefore of Old High German origin. In translation, it means “famous warrior” or “famous fighter.”
10. Liam. has been gaining popularity in Germany since the 1990s. Considered short for William, the English version of the Old Germanic name Wilhelm. Means “defender”, “strong-willed”.

The process of choosing a name for your child is always difficult for parents. These most popular boy and girl name lists can make this task much easier and easier.

See also:

• Germans love Spanish names for children. Explaining their meanings
• Prohibited names in Germany: You can’t call a child that!
• The most popular names in Germany in 2021

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The most unusual names that Russians give to their children

This year more than 101 thousand babies were born in the capital, in the past 134.5 thousand, in 2011 – 125 thousand. Most often, parents chose such names for their sons as: Artem, Alexander, Maxim, Ivan, Mikhail, and for girls – Sofia (Sofya), Maria, Anastasia, Daria, Anna. But from year to year there are also parents who want their heirs to bear such a name that no one in kindergarten, class, school, institute will certainly have . .. What specifically encourages them to do this, they probably themselves don’t really know, but the fact remains.

Kasper you are my Beloved

The Moscow office of the registry office “RG” told about the most unusual names registered in Moscow since 1998. So, the boys were called Dmitry-Amethyst, Matvey-Rainbow, Nikolai-Nikita-Nil, Count, Dar, Ivan-Kolovrat, Mercury, Kantogor-Egor, March, Christamrirados, Prince, Prince, Cosmos, Angel, Wind, Will, Dolphin, Yaroslav-Lyutobor, Ilya Bogodar, Kasper Beloved, Arkhip-Ural, Jeremy Patron, Kit, Luke-Happiness, Summerset Ocean, Monono Nikita, Ogneslav, Buddha-Alexander, Master, Peace.

The girls were given the following non-trivial names: Pleasure, Polina-Polina, Golub, April, Cherry, India, Princess Daniella, Rosiyana, Russia, Zarya-Zaryanitsa, Luna, Lyalya, Angel Maria, Lunalika, Princess Angelina, Alyosha-Kaprina, Okean , Joy, Alena-Flower, Dolphin, Fox, Radostina, Sofia-Sun.

As explained in the press service of the department, there is no fashion or tendency to be fond of unusual names in Moscow. From one to 12 facts of non-standard names are registered annually. According to the head of the Moscow registry office Irina Muravyova, most often an exotic name is expecting a child in a family where one of the parents is a foreigner.

For the love of “VIA Gre”

Residents of the Moscow region are less inventive with non-standard names. So, according to the statistics of the last three years of the registry office in the Moscow region, the boys were called: Anikey, Ion, Ermak, Lukilianne, Hoan, Altair, Andre, Prince, Yakub, Jason, Julius, Daniel. Girls: Zemfira, Cassandra, Esther, Zabava, Kupava, Ustina, Avdotya, Consuelo, Birch, Cassiopeia, Madonna, Roksolana, Raspberry, Mercedes, Bagheera.

An unusual name – Viagra – is registered in the registry office of the town of Korolev near Moscow. Happy parents – the driver Nikolay and the housewife Anastasia explain their choice by three reasons. The first of them is the beauty and originality of the name, the second – the drug of the same name contributed to the long-awaited conception of a child, and the third reason is a long-standing love for the VIA Gra group.

In the last three years Russian registry offices have registered such names as Zhuzha, Tulip, Salad Lettuce, Millionera, Air traffic controller. By the way, people abroad are also good at fiction. So, according to the American Pension Fund, every year hundreds and thousands of children with unusual names are registered in the United States: Eros, Charisma, Lancelot, Lexus, Fantasia and even the Messiah. So, over the past two years, more than 1,000 Messiahs have been registered.

Right to change

However, psychologists say that children with unusual names can have a lot of problems in adulthood. Especially if the associations that an unusual name evokes from outsiders do not correspond to the personal qualities of the child. After all, the more unusual the name, the more it attracts the attention of outsiders. Therefore, from childhood, such a child will feel his unusualness, difference from others. This, of course, will leave a very deep imprint on the psyche. Not every child and not every adult can withstand increased attention to his person.

But if the young Prince or the graduate of Angel-Maria school do not want to continue their life path with such names, they have the right to change them. Until the age of 14, this is done through an appeal to the guardianship and guardianship authorities, after 14 years – through the registry office, but with written permission from the parents. Well, after the age of majority, that is, 18 years old, a young man has the right to independently come to the registry office, write an application and change his name. This year, by the way, 6455 people used this right, last year – 8320, the year before – 7834.

In the name of the Revolution

After the October Revolution in Soviet Russia, it was fashionable for children to give the most unimaginable names. In the dictionary of Russian personal names, authored by Nikandr Petrovsky (the name, by the way, is also not the most common), you can find the following popular names of that era: Electrification, Revolution, Decree, Bow, Tractor, Algebrina, Turbine, Diesel, Drezina.

It used to be that girls were called Dazdraperma (from the slogan “Long live the First of May”), Revdit – (“Child of the Revolution”), Pofistal – (“Victor of Fascism Joseph Stalin”) and even Perkosrak (“First space rocket”).

But among the strange revolutionary names there were those that then took root and were called babies for a long time afterwards. For example, Vladlen (abbreviated as Vladimir Lenin), Ninel (the same Lenin, only in reverse), Kim (Communist International of Youth).

Celebrities also do it

World celebrities are also not averse to inventing something like that.

So, in the family of football player David Beckham, one of the children was named Brooklyn in honor of the New York area. American rock musician Frank Zappa named his daughter Lunar Sputnik. The daughter of the famous film actress Gwyneth Paltrow received the uncomplicated name Apple, and David Bowie christened his son Zoe: it seemed to the singer a good consonance – Zoe Bowie. By the way, the son did not appreciate the violent creative imagination of his parent. Growing up, he replaced Zoey with a neutral Joe, which, they say, greatly upset his father.

Other Hollywood celebrities were no less original. Today, among the star children, there are such names as Dandelion (Dandelion), Pitches (Peach), Pixie (Fairy) and even Fifi Trixibel – a combination of sounds that cannot be translated.

Help “RG”

The longest name in the world is an Indian named Brahmatra. It consists of 1478 letters, which are a series of merged names of historical places, the names of famous diplomats, theologians, scientists, etc. It takes at least ten minutes to read it.

Compared to him, the full name of Miss S. Ellen Georgiana Ser-Lekken from Montana in the USA is mere trifles, only 598 letters. A lush set of names is not uncommon in Spain either. The famous artist Pablo Picasso’s full name was Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomukeno Crispin Crispiano de la Santisima Trinidad Ruiz and Picasso.