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Peng De-Huai
(b. 1898, Xiangtan County, Hunan Province – 1974, Beijing),
Chinese political and military figure. Member
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from April 1928.
During the Northern campaign of 1926-27 regiment commander.
In the summer of 1928 he led the uprising of the Kuomintang
troops in the Pingjiang, Hunan Province. Under it
leadership created the 5th Corps of the Red
armies of China and the Soviet region at the junction of provinces
Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi. From 1934 member of the CPC Central Committee, from 1935 member
Politburo of the CPC Central Committee. Member of the Northwestern
campaign in 1934-36. During the anti-Japanese war of 1937-45
Deputy Commander of the 8th Army. At 1945-49
commander first of the Northwestern Army, and
then the 1st Field Army of the People’s Liberation
army of China. In 1949-54 he was a member of the Central People’s
government council, deputy
Chairman of the People’s Revolutionary Military
Council of the People’s Republic of China, Chairman
military administrative committee
Northwest China. In 1950-1953 commander
Chinese People’s Volunteers in Korea. Since 1954
Deputy Prime Minister of the State Council
People’s Republic of China, Vice Chairman of the State
Defense Committee and Minister of Defense of the People’s Republic of China. At 1955-65
had the military rank of Marshal of the People’s Republic of China (before the abolition in the People’s Republic of China
military ranks). In 1959 opposed
adventurous course of Mao Tse-tung – the so-called.
policies of the three red banners (new
“general line”, “great leap”,
“People’s Commune”). On the 8th (Lushansky)
plenum of the Central Committee of the CPC (1959) was accused of “anti-Party
activities”, after which he was removed from
the posts they hold. Been persecuted in
time of “cultural revolution”

From left to right: Peng Te-huai, Barrett, Zhu Te, Service.

From the Soviet encyclopedia:

Peng Te-Huai (b. 1898, Xiangtan County, Hunan Province), Chinese politician.
and military activist, marshal of the PRC (1955-65 – until the abolition of military ranks in the PRC). Member
Communist Party of China (CCP) since 1928. During the North. campaign 1926-27 was
com-rum regiment. After the counter-revolution coup by Chiang Kai-shek
D.-x. on July 1928 led an uprising of Kuomintang loyalists
units in Pingjiang County (Hunan Province). The transition of these parts to the side
The CCP has strengthened its position. In 1928-30 he commanded the 5th corps, the first
whale connection. Red Army, and 3rd Arm. group. In 1930-1934 P. D.-kh.
participated in the repulse of five “destructive campaigns” of Chiang Kai-shek’s troops against
owls. districts, and then in the relocation of the whale. Red Army in the S.-Z. countries,
commanding the vanguard forces (see Campaign of the Red Army of China 1934-36). From 1934
member Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, member since 1935 Politburo of the CPC Central Committee. During
National Liberation War of the Chinese people of 1937–45 against the Japanese.
invaders P.D.-x., being deputy. commander of the 8th Army, participated in the battles
against the Japanese. troops and the creation of bunks. armed detachments behind enemy lines. During the period
struggle to overthrow the reactionaries. Kuomintang authorities in China (1945-49) P.D.-kh.
led the liberation of the North-West. China from the Kuomintang troops, occupying
posts of the commander, and from Sept. 1948 and political commissar of the People’s Liberation Troops.
Army North-West. China (in 1948 reorganized into the 1st Field Army), deputy.
prev. People’s Revolution. military council and chief of the general staff. With the formation of the PRC
became a member Center, People’s Government, Council, Deputy. prev. People’s Revolution.
military Council of the People’s Republic of China, pre-administrative (until January 1953 – military adm.)
Committee North-West. China, Secretary of the North-West. Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (1949-54). AT
1950-53 was the commander of the whale. People’s Volunteers in Korea. From 1954 dep.
prime minister Council of the People’s Republic of China, Deputy chairman of the state to-ta defense and minister
Defense of the People’s Republic of China, Deputy chairman of the military Committee of the CPC Central Committee. P.D.-x. was a supporter
deep study of the rich experience of Sov. Union in the construction of weapons. forces
new type. At the 8th (Lushansk) Plenum of the CPC Central Committee (1959), P.D.-kh. spoke
against the petty bourgeoisie. voluntarism of Mao Tse-tung, for which the nationalist. petty-bourgeois
elements in the CCP leadership accused him of “anti-Party
activities”. P.D.-x. was removed from all his posts, and during the period
“cultural revolution” (1966-69) was persecuted. About the future
P.D.-x. no information.

Used materials from the Soviet
military encyclopedia in 8 volumes, volume 6.

In the context of the World War

Peng Dehuai (1898, Xiangtan County, Hunan Province – 1974),
Chinese military and political figure, Marshal of the People’s Republic of China (1955). Fled from the age of 9
At home and in 1914 he entered the service in the Kuomintang army. During the Northern
hike 1926-27 commanded a regiment. He made a quick career and in 1927 was already in command
brigade. In the same years, he began to adhere to more radical views, and in 1927
broke with Chiang Kai-shek and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1928. In
in 1928 he was appointed commander of the V Army Corps, the first formation
Chinese Red Army, and in 1930 – the commander of the 3rd Army Group. During
“long march” to the North led the vanguard of the 1st Front, commanded by
Zhu De. Along with the army troops, a convoy of government
institutions and the CPC Central Committee. By Dec. 1934 four lines of the Kuomintang were broken through
fortifications, forced several large rivers and overcome a number of mountain ranges.
However, it was not possible to create a new Soviet region south of the Yangtze River due to
strong enemy pressure. After the successful crossing of the Yangtze River, the troops
1st Front united with the forces of the 4th Front, marching from Sichuan-Shensi
revolutionary base. In Aug. 1935 began the withdrawal of the Red Army troops to the border
Shaanxi and Gansu region, which was defended by revolutionary troops under
commanded by Gao Gan and Liu Ji-dan. At 1935 supported Mao Zedong in the struggle for
leadership in the CPC and was elected a member of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee. During the 2nd World War
P. was the commander-in-chief of the PLA, led the “offensive of a thousand regiments.” Vel
fighting against Japanese troops in North China. During the civil war 1946-49
served as commander and political commissar of the troops of the People’s Liberation Army
Northwest China, cleared the provinces of Gansu, Ningxi from the Kuomintang troops
and Qinghai. After the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, he held a number of high
government and party positions, was deputy chairman
People’s Revolutionary Military Council and Chief of the General Staff, then
member of the Central People’s Government, chairman of the administrative
Council of Northwest China, Secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. During
war in Korea, P. was appointed commander of the Chinese troops, who entered
into the territory of North Korea and, having inflicted a defeat on the South Korean troops and
the UN contingent (the basis of which was part of the US Army), threw them back into
South Korea. C1954 concurrently served as Deputy Prime Minister
State Council of the People’s Republic of China, Vice Chairman of the State Council
Defense and Minister of Defense of the People’s Republic of China, Vice Chairman of the Military Committee of the Central Committee
PDA. In 1959, at the Lushan (8th) plenum, the Central Committee of the CPC opposed the ongoing
politicians. In response to this, he was accused of anti-Party activities and removed from
all your posts. During the “cultural revolution” of 1966-69 he was subjected to cruel
persecution. Tsomortno (at 1978) is fully rehabilitated.

Zalessky K.A. Who was who in World War II. Allies of the USSR. M.,
2004

Chinese warlord

Peng Dehuai was born in Xiangtan
Hunan province. In his military
biography reflected history
Chinese revolutionary movement and
wars in his own country.

He joined Chinese early
revolutionary movement. In his youth, Peng
Dehuai did a lot
self-education, most attention
giving history of military art.
With good organizational
abilities and knowledge of military affairs,
he quickly advanced to the command
positions in the revolutionary troops,
made up mostly of illiterates
poor peasants.

During the Northern campaign of 1926-1927
he was already in command of the regiment. Being
supporters of the left, in 1928 he joined
a member of the Chinese Communist Party.

In the same year, 1928, Peng Dehuai was
appointed commander of the 5th Army
corps, the first connection of the Chinese
Red Army, and in 1930 – the commander of the 3rd
army group.

Peng Dehuai’s Commanding Talent
revealed at the very beginning of the civil
wars in China.

In the campaign of the Chinese Red Army on
north Peng Dehuai led the vanguard of the 1st
front commanded by Zhu De.
Moved with army troops
and a column of government offices
and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. By December 1934, the
four lines of Kuomintang
fortifications, several
large rivers and overcome a number of mountain
ridges. However, to create a new Soviet
the area south of the Yangtze River failed due to
strong enemy pressure.

When the Red Army came to the city
Zunyi in Guizhou province, in its ranks from
original 80 thousand people
only 35,000 soldiers remained.
It was not possible to break through further to the north, and
then began the march to the west,
Yunnan province, bypassing the main forces
Kuomintang army.

After a successful crossing of the river
Yangtze troops of the 1st Front joined with
forces of the 4th front, marching from Sichuan-Shensi
revolutionary base. On August 1935 years old
the withdrawal of the Red Army began
border region of Shaanxi and Gansu,
which was defended by revolutionary
troops under the command of Gao Gang and
Liu Ji-dan.

Campaign of the Chinese Red Army to the north
completed in autumn 1936. AT
liberated border area
Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia was established
main base for subsequent military
action against the Chiang Kai-shekists.

On that trip, Peng Dehuai is close
met Mao Zedong
actually acting
Chairman of the Military Committee of the CPC Central Committee.
This acquaintance largely predetermined
the fate of Peng Dehuai. When in the guide
CPC in 1935 began the struggle for
leadership between Zhang Guotao and Mao
Zedong, commander of the 3rd Army
the group took the side of the latter.

The Northern Expedition became an important milestone in
military biography of Peng Dehuai
only from a purely military point of view.
Experienced military leader, authoritative
among the soldiers, first introduced into the
Central Committee of the CPC, and already through
year, in 1935, was elected a member of his
Political Bureau.

During the National Liberation
Chinese People’s War 1937-1945
against the Japanese invaders Peng Dehuai
was deputy commander of the 8th Army.

During the war against the regime of Chiang Kai-shek
in 1945-1949, Peng Dehuai served as
commander and political commissar of troops
People’s Liberation Army of the Northwest
China.

Subsequently, Peng Dehuai occupied a number of
high state and party
posts. He was deputy
Chairman of the People’s Revolutionary
military council and chief
General Staff. Then a member
Central People’s Government,
chairman of the administrative council
Northwest China, secretary
Northwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.

A new page in the commander’s
biographies of Peng Dehuai became Korean
war. From 1950-1953 he commanded
million Chinese volunteers in this
country. Initially, the PRC handed over
Korean People’s Army, operating
against the army of South Korea, American
troops and UN troops, two divisions,
consisting of persons of the Korean
nationalities living in China.
Then they began to arrive in North Korea and
other Chinese volunteer
troops. Participated in the Korean War
about 26 thousand Soviet specialists,
which were mainly part of the 64th
special fighter aviation
corps.

Chinese volunteer troops under
under Peng Dehuai’s command since the summer
1950 participated in all major
offensive and defensive
operations in the Korean War.

From September of the same year under
commanded by Colonel General Peng
Dehuai were 2 army groups,
including 30 infantry and 4 artillery
divisions of the PLA. Chinese nomination
divisions started another 19October and became
a complete surprise for
American command led by
General MacArthur.

In the second half of 1951,
peace negotiations between the warring parties. Besides
time in North Korea
there were already 40 Chinese divisions
volunteers. Participated in the negotiations
and commanders-in-chief, including
Colonel General Peng Dehuai.
Negotiations were constantly interrupted, and in
these intervals were renewed by the opponents
active hostilities to provide
power and moral influence on each other
friend.

July 27, 1953 at 10 o’clock in Korean
Time in Panmenjeong side
signed a ceasefire agreement.
The 38th parallel divided Korea again into
two conflicting parts.

Colonel General’s last military task
Peng Dehuaya in Korea has become an exchange
prisoners of war with command
interethnic forces of the UN, more precisely – with
American. He handed over to the opposite
side 12,756 prisoners of war. In exchange it was
received 75,823 prisoners of war, among
of which there were more than 5 thousand Chinese.

In 1955, Peng Dehuai was promoted to
Marshal of the People’s Republic of China.
Since 1954, he has simultaneously held posts
Deputy Prime Minister of the State
Council of the People’s Republic of China, Vice Chairman
State Council of Defense and
Minister of Defense of the People’s Republic of China, Deputy
Chairman of the Military Committee of the CPC Central Committee.
That is, he was among those close to Mao
Zedong.

Peng Dehuai’s downfall began at 1959 year
when he opposed Mao Zedong
Lushan (8th) Plenum of the CPC Central Committee,
reasonedly criticizing him
internal politics. In response to this
Mao’s supporters accused the military
minister in anti-party activities.
Peng Dehuai was removed from all his posts
and during the Cultural Revolution
1966-1969 were subjected to cruel
persecution.

Site 9 materials used0094 http://100top.ru/encyclopedia/

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